CN113184521B - Automatic feeding device and feeding method - Google Patents
Automatic feeding device and feeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113184521B CN113184521B CN202110265330.3A CN202110265330A CN113184521B CN 113184521 B CN113184521 B CN 113184521B CN 202110265330 A CN202110265330 A CN 202110265330A CN 113184521 B CN113184521 B CN 113184521B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G47/00—Article or material-handling devices associated with conveyors; Methods employing such devices
- B65G47/74—Feeding, transfer, or discharging devices of particular kinds or types
- B65G47/88—Separating or stopping elements, e.g. fingers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G47/00—Article or material-handling devices associated with conveyors; Methods employing such devices
- B65G47/52—Devices for transferring articles or materials between conveyors i.e. discharging or feeding devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G47/00—Article or material-handling devices associated with conveyors; Methods employing such devices
- B65G47/74—Feeding, transfer, or discharging devices of particular kinds or types
- B65G47/82—Rotary or reciprocating members for direct action on articles or materials, e.g. pushers, rakes, shovels
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic feeding device and a feeding method.A material rack is used for storing materials; the conveying mechanism is used for conveying materials in the material rack and arranged on one side of the material rack, a conveying surface is arranged on the top surface of the conveying mechanism, and an in-place triggering device is arranged at one end, far away from the material rack, of the conveying surface; the material supporting mechanism is used for lifting the materials in the material rack to the conveying mechanism, the material supporting mechanism is arranged on one side, close to the material rack, of the conveying mechanism in a lifting mode, and an inclined plane which declines towards the conveying mechanism is arranged at the top of the material supporting mechanism; the material blocking mechanism is arranged above the conveying mechanism and used for flatting the materials to form single-layer flat laying; the material distributing mechanism is used for singly extracting the materials on the conveying mechanism, the material distributing mechanism is movably arranged on one side, far away from the material rack, of the conveying mechanism, and a material distributing block used for being inserted between the adjacent materials is arranged on the material distributing mechanism. The single-piece feeding device has the advantages that single-piece feeding is realized efficiently, the material application range is wide, and the device and the material are not easy to damage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of long material processing production lines, in particular to an automatic feeding device and a feeding method.
Background
The application range of the straight bar-shaped long material such as the bar and the pipe is wide, and the shapes and the sizes are various. The initial stage of a bar or pipe processing line usually includes the steps of storing, taking and feeding, etc., the bundled materials are stored on a material rack, then a certain amount of materials are grabbed by a material taking device and placed on a feeding device, and finally the materials are automatically or manually fed to the production line one by the feeding device. However, the existing feeding device has the following problems: 1) Because the length of the bar or the pipe is usually longer, when a plurality of materials are accumulated on the feeding device, the plurality of materials are easy to twist together, which brings difficulty to single extraction in the later period, and in order to ensure single extraction of the materials, the materials are generally arranged in a single layer in advance, so that steps are increased, and the efficiency is reduced; 2) The rack of the existing feeding device is usually arranged in an inclined mode, materials are rolled by the aid of the gravity of the materials to be taken, the materials can be accumulated at the bottom in the arrangement mode, single extraction is not facilitated, the materials rolled on the other hand continuously and repeatedly impact the bottom of the rack, damage to the rack and the materials is easily caused, in addition, the feeding device is only suitable for the convenient rolled section to be round bars or pipes, and the application range is narrow.
For example, a "full-automatic rod conveying system" disclosed in chinese patent literature, whose publication number CN111137667a includes a feeding rack, a lifting roller way, a counter-rotating roller way, and a fixed roller way, where the feeding rack includes a rack body and a material shifting device fixed on the rack body for feeding rods, the counter-rotating roller way includes a driving roller and a driven roller, the driving roller and the driven roller are longitudinally spaced and transversely arranged to form multiple groups for rotating the rods, and the fixed roller way includes a fixed seat and a fixed roller fixed on the fixed seat; the lifting roller way comprises a lifting device and lifting rollers fixed on the lifting device, and is used for carrying the rods to the contra-rotating roller way from the feeding rack and carrying the rods to the fixed roller way from the contra-rotating roller way. The feeding device is provided with the inclined feeding rack, a small amount of materials are discharged firstly when the rods roll to the front end by the aid of the gravity of the rods, and then single feeding is carried out through the material shifting device; in addition, the bar material is easy to cause the damage of the rack and the material in the process of continuously impacting the front end of the rack.
Disclosure of Invention
The automatic feeding device is used for solving the problems that a single feeding device in the prior art is high in single feeding difficulty, the device and materials are easy to damage, and the application range is narrow.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an automatic feeding device, comprising:
the material rack is used for storing materials;
the conveying mechanism is used for conveying materials in the material rack, the conveying mechanism is arranged on one side of the material rack, a conveying surface is arranged on the top surface of the conveying mechanism, and an in-place triggering device is arranged at one end, far away from the material rack, of the conveying surface;
the material supporting mechanism is used for lifting the materials in the material rack onto the conveying mechanism, the material supporting mechanism is arranged on one side, close to the material rack, of the conveying mechanism in a lifting mode, and an inclined plane which declines towards the conveying mechanism is arranged at the top of the material supporting mechanism;
the material blocking mechanism is arranged above the conveying mechanism and used for flatting the materials to form single-layer flat laying;
the material distribution mechanism is used for individually extracting the materials on the conveying mechanism, the material distribution mechanism is movably arranged on one side, far away from the material rack, of the conveying mechanism, and a material distribution block used for being inserted between the adjacent materials is arranged on the material distribution mechanism.
The invention is characterized in that the invention provides the functions of material storage, conveying, material supporting, material stopping, material distributing and the like, the material rack is used for storing materials (such as bars or pipes), the materials can be put into the material rack in bundles through devices such as a travelling crane and the like, and then only the material binding belt needs to be removed without inclining the material rack, and the materials are stacked in the material rack at the moment; a triangular space is formed between the inclined plane at the top of the material supporting mechanism and the front end of the conveying mechanism and is used for placing a certain amount of materials, the materials are gradually lifted along with the material supporting mechanism, and the materials gradually move towards the conveying surface of the conveying mechanism as the inclined plane on the material supporting mechanism is declined towards the conveying mechanism; the conveying mechanism can be a conveying belt, a conveying chain plate or a chain and other circularly driven mechanisms, materials are driven by the conveying mechanism to be far away from the material supporting mechanism under the driving of the conveying mechanism, at the moment, if twisted materials exist, the twisted materials cannot be driven to the conveying mechanism due to the fact that the twisted materials cannot contact the conveying surface of the conveying mechanism or the contact surface is insufficient, and the twisted materials return to the material rack along with the descending of the material supporting mechanism; the materials are conveyed along with the conveying mechanism in the direction far away from the material rack, the materials at the moment are possibly in a multilayer stacking state, and when the materials pass through the material blocking mechanism, the materials except for the bottommost layer are blocked by the material blocking mechanism and cannot move forwards continuously, so that the materials are in a single-layer tiled state after all the materials pass through the material blocking mechanism, and subsequent single extraction is facilitated; when the foremost material touches the in-place trigger device, the material is conveyed in place, and the conveying mechanism stops running; at the moment, the distributing mechanism moves to the position below the materials, the distributing block is located between the two materials at the foremost end, the distributing block is continuously lifted after being lifted up along with the distributing mechanism and inserted between the materials, the material at the foremost end is lifted up, and the extraction of a single material is completed. A plurality of mechanisms can be arranged along the length direction of the material. The device does not take materials by utilizing free rolling of the materials, the shapes of the materials are not limited to round, square and other shapes, and the like, and the device is also suitable for bars and pipes, and simultaneously avoids the materials from continuously impacting and damaging the material rack and the materials; single extraction is realized through floating of the material blocking device and material distribution of the material distributing device; the materials in the material rack do not need to be arranged in order and discharged, the efficiency is improved, and the labor is reduced.
Preferably, a lifting lever is arranged on the material rack, one end, close to the conveying mechanism, of the lifting lever is rotatably connected with the material rack, and a material-free detection mechanism is arranged above the lifting lever.
When the material in the material rest is close to one side of the conveying mechanism, namely, when the material right above the material supporting mechanism is completely extracted, partial material possibly remains, the material-free detecting mechanism above the lifting bar detects that no material exists above the material supporting mechanism, one end, far away from the conveying mechanism, of the lifting bar is lifted up and rotated along the other end, the bottom surface of the material rest is inclined, so that the material moves towards the upper part of the material supporting mechanism to be stacked until the material-free detecting mechanism detects that the material exists above the material supporting mechanism. Preferably, the material-free detection mechanism comprises a pressure plate elastically connected to the lifting lever and a pressure sensor arranged below the pressure plate, when no material exists on the pressure plate, the pressure plate is lifted, the pressure sensor cannot receive a pressure signal, the control system is prompted to be in a material-free state, and the lifting lever is controlled to be lifted; when the material is on the pressing plate, the pressing plate is pressed down, the pressure sensor receives a pressure signal, and the control system is prompted to be in a material state. Preferably, the end part of the lifting lever is driven to lift through a chain transmission mechanism, and the reliability is high.
Preferably, the material blocking mechanism is arranged above the conveying mechanism in a lifting mode, and the lifting height of the material blocking mechanism is controlled through the control system.
The control system receives instructions sent by the master controller, the instructions comprise information such as material shape, size and length, the stop mechanism is automatically adjusted to a proper height according to the material size (mainly the shape and size of the material section), only enough single-layer materials are guaranteed to pass through the lower part of the stop mechanism, and the applicable material range is further improved. Preferably, the material blocking mechanism comprises a material blocking plate, a material blocking lifting oil cylinder and a material blocking lifting encoder, the material blocking plate is driven to lift through the material blocking lifting oil cylinder, and the lifting height is controlled through the material blocking lifting encoder.
Preferably, the automatic feeding device further comprises a feeding roller and a material pushing mechanism, the feeding roller is arranged on one side, away from the material rest, of the conveying mechanism, and the material pushing mechanism is horizontally arranged on one side of the feeding roller in a sliding mode.
When the single material is extracted by the material distribution mechanism, the material descends and moves to one side of the feeding roller, the material on the material distribution mechanism is pushed to the feeding roller by the material pushing mechanism, at the moment, one side of the material is attached to the side edge of the feeding roller, the material keeps a linear state and is conveyed to a production line along with the feeding roller, and subsequent positioning and processing are facilitated.
Preferably, the in-place triggering device comprises a positioning switch and an in-place striker plate which is elastically connected to the conveying mechanism, and the in-place striker plate is in clearance fit with the positioning switch.
When the materials move forwards along with the conveying mechanism, the materials at the foremost end contact the material baffle in place and push the material baffle to trigger the positioning switch, at the moment, the conveying mechanism stops running, and the material distributing mechanism is lifted upwards; when the foremost material leaves the rear striker plate and is not subjected to the pressure of the material, the positioning switch is triggered, and the conveying mechanism continues to operate until the material contacts the baffle plate; when the material on the conveying mechanism is extracted, the material supporting mechanism ascends again.
Preferably, the material supporting mechanism comprises a material supporting block and a material supporting chain transmission mechanism, the material supporting block is connected with a chain, and the material supporting block is vertically arranged on the material rack in a sliding mode.
The motor drives the speed reducer to rotate, the supporting block is driven to lift through the rotating shaft, the chain wheel and the chain, a sliding rail is arranged on one side of the material rack, and a sliding groove in sliding fit with the sliding rail is arranged on one side of the supporting block, so that the vertical lifting of the supporting block is guaranteed.
Preferably, the side edge of one side of the material supporting block, which is far away from the conveying mechanism, extends upwards, and the top end of the side edge declines to the conveying mechanism to form an inclined surface.
The upper part of the material supporting block is triangular or trapezoidal, and the sharp corners at the top of the triangular or trapezoidal shape are convenient to insert between materials, so that the materials fall into the space between the material supporting block and the conveying mechanism, and are gradually pushed to the conveying mechanism along with the lifting of the space.
Preferably, the material distributing mechanism comprises a material distributing supporting plate, a material distributing translation mechanism and a material distributing lifting mechanism, wherein the material distributing supporting plate is arranged on the material distributing lifting mechanism, and the material distributing lifting mechanism is arranged on the material distributing translation mechanism in a sliding mode.
The material distributing and lifting mechanism drives the material distributing and lifting mechanism and the material distributing and lifting plate to move up and down, and the material distributing and lifting mechanism and the material distributing and supporting plate are driven by the material distributing and lifting mechanism to be close to or far away from the conveying mechanism. Preferably, the material distributing lifting mechanism comprises a material distributing lifting cylinder, the material distributing translation mechanism comprises a motor, a speed reducer, a lead screw transmission mechanism and a slide rail device, the motor drives a lead screw to rotate through the speed reducer, so that the lifting cylinder and the material distributing supporting plate are driven to translate on the slide rail, the moving precision is high, and the material distributing block is guaranteed to move to a position between materials.
Preferably, a distributing block and a material blocking block are respectively arranged at two ends of the top surface of the distributing supporting plate, the distributing block and the material blocking block are both right-angled triangular blocks, and inclined planes of the distributing block and the material blocking block are oppositely arranged.
The triangular top sharp corner of the material distribution block is conveniently inserted between two materials at the front end, so that the most front material is distributed in the material distribution supporting plate along the inclined plane slideway, the material blocking block prevents the material from falling out of the other end of the material distribution supporting plate, and the inclined plane of the material blocking block facilitates the material pushing mechanism to separate the material from the material distribution mechanism along the inclined plane and move the material to the feeding roller.
An automatic feeding method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a) The material supporting mechanism is inserted between the materials from the lower part of the material rack and lifts a plurality of materials to the conveying mechanism;
b) The material stopping device is automatically adjusted to a proper height according to the size of the material;
c) The conveying mechanism conveys a plurality of materials in the direction away from the material rack, the material stopping mechanism screeds the materials in the conveying process, the materials are flatly paved on the conveying mechanism in a single layer after passing through the material stopping mechanism, when the materials trigger the in-place triggering device, the conveying mechanism stops running, and when the materials leave the in-place triggering device, the conveying mechanism runs again;
d) The material distributing mechanism moves horizontally, the material distributing block moves to a position between two materials at the tail end of the conveying mechanism, the material distributing mechanism is lifted, after a single material is extracted, the material is moved to a position above the feeding roller, the material distributing mechanism descends, and the material pushing mechanism pushes the material to one side, away from the conveying mechanism, of the feeding roller.
Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the material shape, size and material range is wide; (2) Single extraction is realized through floating of the material blocking device and material distribution of the material distribution device; (3) Materials in the material rack can be placed in a bundle without arrangement and discharge, so that the efficiency is improved, and the labor is reduced; (4) The device is prevented from being continuously impacted by the materials, and the device and the materials are prevented from being damaged; (5) The lifting lever and the material-free detection mechanism are arranged to conveniently and timely supplement materials above the material supporting mechanism; (6) The in-place trigger device is arranged to stop conveying in time after the materials are conveyed in place, so that the cost is saved, and unnecessary friction between the materials and the conveying device is avoided; (7) The material pushing mechanism pushes the material to the feeding roller and simultaneously aligns the material, so that subsequent conveying, positioning and processing are facilitated; and (8) full-automatic intelligent control, high efficiency and high precision.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the structure at a in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the lifting lever and no-material detection mechanism of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the conveying mechanism and the material pushing mechanism of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the stock stop of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the material distributing mechanism of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in embodiment 1, an automatic feeding device includes a rack 1 for storing materials; the conveying mechanism 2 is used for conveying materials in the material rack, the conveying mechanism is arranged on one side of the material rack, a conveying surface is arranged on the top surface of the conveying mechanism 2, and an in-place triggering device is arranged at one end, far away from the material rack 1, of the conveying surface; the material supporting mechanism 3 is used for lifting the materials in the material rack 1 onto the conveying mechanism 2, the material supporting mechanism 3 can be arranged on one side, close to the material rack 1, of the conveying mechanism 2 in a lifting mode, and an inclined plane declining towards the conveying mechanism 2 is arranged at the top of the material supporting mechanism 3; the material blocking mechanism 4 is arranged above the conveying mechanism 2 and used for leveling materials to form single-layer flat laying; the material distributing mechanism 5 is used for singly extracting the materials on the conveying mechanism 2, the material distributing mechanism 5 is movably arranged on one side, away from the material rack 1, of the conveying mechanism 2, and a material distributing block 511 used for being inserted between the adjacent materials is arranged on the material distributing mechanism 5; the feeding roller 7 is arranged on one side of the conveying mechanism 2, which is far away from the material rack 1, and is used for conveying materials to a production line; and the material pushing mechanism 6 is arranged on one side of the feeding roller 7 and is used for pushing the material on the material distributing mechanism 5 to the feeding roller 7. The material rack 1, the conveying mechanism 2, the material supporting mechanism 3, the material blocking mechanism 4, the material distributing mechanism 5, the material pushing mechanism 6 and the feeding roller 7 are distributed in multiple groups along the length direction of the materials.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 3, the entire material rack 1 is H-shaped, a U-shaped structure on the upper portion of the material rack 1 is used for placing materials, a material supporting mechanism 3 is arranged at a position, close to the conveying mechanism 2, of one side of the material rack 1, the material supporting mechanism 3 comprises a material supporting block 31, a material supporting chain lifting mechanism 32, a material supporting sliding rail 33 and a material supporting motor 34, the vertical material supporting sliding rail 33 and the material supporting chain lifting mechanism 32 are arranged on a vertical rod, close to the conveying mechanism 2 side, of the material rack 1, the material supporting block 31 is fixedly connected with a vertical chain section of the material supporting chain lifting mechanism 32, the material supporting block 31 is vertically slidably arranged on the material supporting sliding rail 33, one side, far away from the conveying mechanism, of the top of the material supporting block 31 is of a right-angled triangle structure, an inclined plane of the right-angled triangle is inclined towards the conveying mechanism side, a space for storing certain materials is formed between the inclined plane and the material rack 1, and one side, far away from the conveying mechanism 2, so as to avoid material clamping.
The material supporting motor 34 drives the speed reducer to rotate, the material supporting block 31 is driven to lift through the rotating shaft and the material supporting chain lifting mechanism 33, the sharp corner at the top of the material supporting block 31 is inserted between materials on the material rack 1 to drive the materials to lift, and when the materials rise to the conveying mechanism 2, the materials move along with the conveying mechanism.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, a lifting bar 11 is arranged on one side of the material rack 1, which is far away from the material supporting mechanism 3, a lifting bar chain lifting mechanism 13 is arranged on a vertical bar of the material rack 1, which is far away from the conveying mechanism 2, one end of the lifting bar 11 is linked with the lifting bar chain lifting mechanism 13, a rotating shaft 14 is arranged at the other end of the lifting bar 11 and is rotatably connected with the material rack 1, and a material-free detection mechanism 12 is arranged above the lifting bar 11. The material-free detection mechanism 12 comprises a pressing plate 121, a spring shaft 122 and a pressure sensor 123, wherein one end of the pressing plate 121, which is far away from the rotating shaft 14, is rotatably connected with the lifting lever 11, the spring shaft 122 is arranged below the middle part of the pressing plate 121 and is elastically connected with the lifting lever 11 through the spring shaft 122, a switch rod 124 is arranged below one end of the pressing plate 121, which is close to the rotating shaft 14, and the pressure sensor 123 is arranged on the lifting lever below the switch rod 124.
When the material in the material rack 1 is close to one side of the conveying mechanism 2, namely, when the material above the material supporting block 31 is completely extracted, a part of the material may remain, at this time, no material exists on the pressing plate 121, one end of the pressing plate 121 is elastically lifted, the pressure sensor 123 cannot receive a pressure signal, so that the control system is prompted to be in a material-free state, the lifting bar chain lifting mechanism 13 is controlled to drive the lifting bar 11 to rotate and lift along the rotating shaft 14, the bottom surface of the material rack 1 is inclined, the material is moved and stacked above the material supporting mechanism 3 until the material-free detection mechanism 12 detects that the material exists above the material supporting mechanism; when enough materials are arranged on the pressure plate 121, the end part of the pressure plate 121 is pressed downwards, the switch rod 123 contacts the pressure sensor 123, the pressure sensor 123 receives a pressure signal, the control system is prompted to be in a material state, and the lever lifting chain lifting mechanism 13 is controlled to drive the lifting lever to descend.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the conveying mechanism 2 includes a conveying motor, a rotating shaft, a first conveying chain 21, a second conveying chain 23, a first chain seat 24 and a second chain seat 25, the first conveying chain 21 is vertically arranged on the first chain seat 24, the second conveying chain 23 is transversely arranged on the T-shaped second chain seat 25, a space for supporting materials is formed between one end of the second conveying chain 23 close to the material supporting mechanism 3 and the inclined surface of the material supporting block 31, an in-place trigger device 22 is arranged above one end of the second chain seat 25 far away from the material rack 1, the in-place trigger device 22 includes a positioning switch 222 and a material stopping plate 221 elastically connected to the second chain seat 25, and the in-place material stopping plate 221 and the positioning switch 222 are in clearance fit.
The conveying motor drives the rotating shaft, the first conveying chain 21 and the second conveying chain 23 to rotate circularly in sequence, a plurality of materials leave from the material supporting mechanism and are driven by the end part of the second conveying chain 23 to move to the top of the second conveying chain 23 and move to the in-place triggering device 22 along with the second conveying chain, when the foremost material touches and pushes the in-place material baffle 221, the positioning switch 222 is triggered, the conveying motor stops operating, and the material distributing mechanism 5 is started.
As shown in fig. 1 and 6, the material blocking mechanism 4 is arranged above the conveying mechanism 2 in a lifting manner, and the lifting height of the material blocking mechanism 4 is controlled by a control system. The striker mechanism 4 comprises a striker plate 41, a striker lifting cylinder 42 and a striker lifting encoder 43, the striker plate 41 comprises a transverse plate and a vertical plate which are T-shaped, the vertical plate is used for blocking the material, the transverse plate is used for being connected with the striker lifting cylinder, the striker plate 41 is driven to lift through the striker lifting cylinder 42, and the lifting height is controlled through the striker lifting encoder 43.
The shape, size, length and other information of the material are input into the control system before the device operates, the control system receives an instruction sent by the master control, the stop mechanism 4 is automatically adjusted to a proper height according to the shape and size of the cross section of the material, and only enough single-layer material is guaranteed to pass through the space between the lower part of the stop plate 41 and the conveying surface of the conveying mechanism.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 7, the material distributing mechanism 5 includes a material distributing motor, a material distributing speed reducer, a material distributing support plate 51, a material distributing lifting cylinder 52, a material distributing screw rod mechanism 53 and a material distributing slide rail 54, the material distributing support plate 51 is horizontally disposed on the top of the material distributing lifting cylinder 52, the material distributing lifting cylinder 52 is fixed on a flat plate 531, the flat plate 531 is slidably disposed on the material distributing slide rail 54, the material distributing slide rail 54 is fixed on a guide rail plate 541 perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism, and the material distributing screw rod mechanism 53 is disposed on the flat plate 531. A material distributing block 511 and a material blocking block 512 are respectively arranged at two ends of the top surface of the material distributing supporting plate 51, the material distributing block 511 and the material blocking block 512 are right-angled triangular blocks, inclined surfaces of the material distributing block 511 and the material blocking block 512 are oppositely arranged, and the size of the material distributing block 511 is larger than that of the material blocking block 512.
The material distributing motor drives the material distributing speed reducer and the material distributing screw mechanism 53 to rotate in sequence, the control system drives the flat plate 531 and the material distributing lifting cylinder 52 to be close to the materials through data calculation, the material distributing block 511 moves to the position below the position between the two foremost materials, the material distributing lifting cylinder 52 lifts the material distributing supporting plate 51 after the material distributing lifting cylinder is in place, the sharp top corner of the triangle of the material distributing block 511 is inserted between the two front-end materials, the foremost material slides onto the material distributing supporting plate 51 along the inclined plane of the material distributing block 511, the material blocking block 512 prevents the material from falling out of the other end of the material distributing supporting plate, and then the material distributing supporting plate is far away from the conveying mechanism and moves towards the direction of the feeding roller 7.
As shown in fig. 5, the pushing mechanism 6 is fixed to the first chain seat 24, and the pushing mechanism 6 includes a pushing plate 61 and a pushing cylinder 62.
When a single material is extracted by the material distribution mechanism 5, the material descends and moves to one side of the feeding roller 7, the material on the material distribution mechanism 5 is separated from the material distribution mechanism 5 by the material pushing mechanism 6 along the inclined plane of the material blocking block 512 and moves to the feeding roller 7, at the moment, one side of the material is attached to the outer side of the feeding roller 7, the material keeps a linear state and is fed to a production line along with the feeding roller 7, and subsequent positioning and processing are facilitated.
Example 2
An automatic feeding method comprises the following steps:
material storage: putting bundled materials (rods, pipes and the like) into the material rack 1 in a bundled manner by a device such as a travelling crane and the like, removing a bundling belt, and stacking the materials on the material rack 1;
supporting materials: the material supporting block 31 rises, the material supporting block 31 is inserted into the material to drive the inclined surface of the material supporting block 31 and partial material between the conveying mechanism 2 and the material rack 1 to lift upwards, and the material gradually moves towards the conveying surface of the conveying mechanism 2 as the inclined surface of the material supporting block 31 declines towards the conveying mechanism 2;
conveying: under the driving of the conveying mechanism 2, the materials are driven by the conveying mechanism 2 to be far away from the material supporting mechanism 3, at this time, if twisted materials exist, the twisted materials cannot be driven onto the conveying mechanism 2 due to the fact that the twisted materials cannot be in contact with a conveying surface (such as a second conveying chain) of the conveying mechanism 2 or the contact surface is insufficient, and the twisted materials return to the material rack 1 along with the descending of the material supporting mechanism 3;
stopping materials: the material blocking mechanism 4 is used for floating the material in the conveying process, the material passes through the material blocking mechanism 4 and then is paved on the conveying mechanism in a single layer, the height of the material blocking mechanism is determined in advance through a control system according to the size and the shape of the material, for example, a round bar is used, and the distance between the bottom of the material blocking plate and the conveying surface is 1~2 times the diameter of the bar;
material distribution: when the material at the forefront end of the conveying mechanism triggers the in-place triggering device, the conveying mechanism stops operating, the distributing mechanism is started, the distributing block 511 moves to a position between two materials at the tail end of the conveying mechanism, the distributing supporting plate 51 is lifted, the material is moved to the position above the feeding roller 7 after a single material is extracted, the material leaves the in-place triggering device at the moment, and the conveying mechanism operates again until the next material triggers the in-place triggering device again;
pushing materials: the material distribution supporting plate 51 descends, the material pushing mechanism 6 pushes the material to one side of the feeding roller 7 away from the conveying mechanism, so that the extending direction of the material is consistent with the feeding direction, and the feeding roller 7 drives a single material to a production line;
lifting materials: and c, repeating the steps c, e and f until all the materials on the conveying mechanism 2 are conveyed, starting the step b again until all the materials above the material supporting mechanism are conveyed, lifting the pressing plate 121 at the moment, detecting that the materials above the material supporting mechanism are in a material-free state by the material-free detection mechanism 12, lifting and inclining the lifting lever 11 to enable the materials on the material rack to be concentrated above the material supporting mechanism, finishing the material-free state after the pressing plate 121 is pressed down again, and repeating the steps b-g.
The device does not take materials by utilizing free rolling of the materials, the shapes of the materials are not limited to round, square and other shapes of bar materials and pipe materials, and meanwhile, the device also avoids the materials from continuously impacting and damaging the material rack 1 and the materials; the height of the material blocking device is automatically adjusted, so that the material blocking device is suitable for materials with different sizes; single extraction is realized through the floating of the material blocking device and the material distribution of the material distributing device; the materials in the material rack 1 do not need to be arranged in order, so that the efficiency is improved, and the labor is reduced.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an automatic feeding device, characterized by includes:
the material rack is used for storing materials;
the conveying mechanism is used for conveying materials in the material rack, the conveying mechanism is arranged on one side of the material rack, a conveying surface is arranged on the top surface of the conveying mechanism, and an in-place triggering device is arranged at one end, far away from the material rack, of the conveying surface;
the material supporting mechanism is used for lifting materials in the material rack onto the conveying mechanism, the material supporting mechanism is arranged on one side, close to the material rack, of the conveying mechanism in a lifting mode, an inclined plane which descends towards the conveying mechanism is arranged at the top of the material supporting mechanism, the material supporting mechanism comprises a material supporting block, the material supporting block is arranged on the material rack in a vertical sliding mode, the side edge, away from one side of the conveying mechanism, of the material supporting block extends upwards, and the top end of the side edge descends towards the conveying mechanism to form the inclined plane;
the material blocking mechanism is arranged above the conveying mechanism and used for flatting the materials to form single-layer flat laying;
the material distributing mechanism is used for singly extracting the materials on the conveying mechanism, movably arranged on one side of the conveying mechanism far away from the material rack, and provided with a material distributing block for being inserted between the adjacent materials;
the feeding roller is arranged on one side of the conveying mechanism, which is far away from the material rack, and the material pushing mechanism is horizontally arranged on one side of the feeding roller in a sliding manner and is used for pushing the material on the material distributing mechanism to the feeding roller;
conveying mechanism includes conveyor motor, the apparatus further comprises a rotating shaft, first conveying chain, second conveying chain, first chain seat and second chain seat, the vertical setting of first conveying chain is on first chain seat, second conveying chain transversely sets up on the second chain seat of T shape, second conveying chain is close to and forms the space that is used for holding in the palm the material between the one end of holding in the palm material mechanism and the material supporting block inclined plane, the one end top that the work or material rest was kept away from to second chain seat is equipped with the trigger device that targets in place, the trigger device that targets in place includes positioning switch and the striker plate that targets in place of elastic connection at second chain seat, striker plate and positioning switch clearance fit target in place.
2. The automatic feeding device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a lifting bar is provided on the rack, one end of the lifting bar near the conveying mechanism is rotatably connected to the rack, and a material absence detection mechanism is provided above the lifting bar.
3. The automatic feeding device according to claim 1, wherein the material stopping mechanism is arranged above the conveying mechanism in a lifting manner, and the lifting height of the material stopping mechanism is controlled by the control system.
4. The automatic feeding device of claim 1, wherein the in-place triggering device comprises a positioning switch and an in-place striker plate elastically connected to the conveying mechanism, and the in-place striker plate is in clearance fit with the positioning switch.
5. The automatic feeding device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said material supporting mechanism comprises a material supporting chain lifting mechanism, and said material supporting block is connected to a chain.
6. The automatic feeding device according to claim 1, wherein the distributing mechanism comprises a distributing support plate, a distributing translation mechanism and a distributing lifting mechanism, the distributing support plate is arranged on the distributing lifting mechanism, and the distributing lifting mechanism is slidably arranged on the distributing translation mechanism.
7. The automatic feeding device of claim 6, wherein a distributing block and a stopping block are respectively arranged at two ends of the top surface of the distributing supporting plate, the distributing block and the stopping block are right-angled triangular blocks, and inclined surfaces of the distributing block and the stopping block are oppositely arranged.
8. An automatic charging method of an automatic charging apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the steps of:
the material supporting mechanism is inserted between the materials from the lower part of the material rack and lifts a plurality of materials to the conveying mechanism;
the material blocking device is automatically adjusted to a proper height according to the size of the material;
the conveying mechanism conveys a plurality of materials in the direction away from the material rack, the material stopping mechanism screeds the materials in the conveying process, the materials are flatly paved on the conveying mechanism in a single layer after passing through the material stopping mechanism, when the materials trigger the in-place triggering device, the conveying mechanism stops running, and when the materials leave the in-place triggering device, the conveying mechanism runs again;
the material distribution mechanism moves horizontally, the material distribution block moves to a position between two materials at the tail end of the conveying mechanism, the material distribution mechanism is lifted, after a single material is extracted, the material is moved to a position above the feed roller, the material distribution mechanism descends, and the material pushing mechanism pushes the material to a side, away from the conveying mechanism, of the feed roller.
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| CN113184521A (en) | 2021-07-30 |
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