CN113184152A - Connection releasing device and releasing method for deep-sea escape cabin - Google Patents
Connection releasing device and releasing method for deep-sea escape cabin Download PDFInfo
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- CN113184152A CN113184152A CN202110312870.2A CN202110312870A CN113184152A CN 113184152 A CN113184152 A CN 113184152A CN 202110312870 A CN202110312870 A CN 202110312870A CN 113184152 A CN113184152 A CN 113184152A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
- B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
- B63G8/40—Rescue equipment for personnel
- B63G8/41—Capsules, chambers, water-tight boats or the like, detachable from the submarine
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Abstract
A connection releasing device and a releasing method for a deep sea escape cabin comprise an upper enclosure well and a lower enclosure well which are of hemispherical structures, wherein the top of the upper enclosure well is provided with an upper channel enclosure wall, the upper channel enclosure wall is connected with a manned ball of the escape cabin, and the bottom of the upper enclosure well is provided with an upper butt flange; the top of the lower enclosure is provided with a lower butt flange, the bottom of the lower enclosure is provided with a lower channel surrounding wall, and the lower channel surrounding wall is connected with the deep sea manned submersible manned cabin; the upper butt flange and the lower butt flange are fixedly connected through explosive bolts, and the sealing of the flange surface is realized through a sealing ring; an upper hatch cover is arranged in the upper channel surrounding wall, a lower hatch cover is arranged in the lower channel surrounding wall, and a normal pressure cavity is formed between the upper enclosure and the lower enclosure under normal working conditions; an oil cylinder upper support is arranged on the inner side below the upper trap, a rotary actuating oil cylinder is arranged on the oil cylinder upper support through an oil cylinder connecting pin shaft, and an oil cylinder lower support is hinged to the end part of the rotary actuating oil cylinder; reliable operation and flexible use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of deep sea release equipment, in particular to a connection release device and a release method for a deep sea escape cabin.
Background
The deep sea manned equipment has the requirement of releasing personnel channels among cabins underwater, and especially after an accident occurs, accident personnel intensively enter a specific cabin (an emergency escape cabin) through the personnel channels, and the personnel can collectively escape after the escape cabin is released. The emergency escape cabin is usually equipped on a manned submersible vehicle (or submarine), under emergency conditions, a sailor abandons the sailor to enter the escape cabin, releases the sailor and floats to the water surface by the buoyancy of the sailor to be rescued, and the escape cabin is usually the last guarantee for the sailor to save oneself and escape.
In the prior art, the device is fixedly connected with an upper butt-joint fence and a lower butt-joint fence through a locking ring, when the upper butt-joint fence and the lower butt-joint fence need to be separated, the locking ring is pushed to rotate by an unlocking oil cylinder to unlock the upper butt-joint fence and the lower butt-joint fence, the upper butt-joint fence and the lower butt-joint fence are separated by a pushing oil cylinder, and hydraulic sources of the unlocking oil cylinder and the pushing oil cylinder are hydraulic energy accumulators.
The device has the following disadvantages:
1. the unlocking mode (the pushing oil cylinder pushes the locking ring to unlock) and the driving mode thereof are single, and the reliability is deficient;
2. in the process of rotating and unlocking the locking ring, the escape cabin can be driven to rotate together, so that the flange of the locking ring cannot be matched with the groove of the fence exactly, the escape cabin cannot be separated, and the design defect exists;
3. the pushing device and the unlocking device are driven by a hydraulic system, the driving mode is single, and the reliability is poor. In conclusion, the existing escape capsule connection and release device has certain defects and is low in reliability.
Disclosure of Invention
The applicant aims at the defects in the prior art and provides a connection releasing device and a releasing method for a deep sea escape cabin, so that the use is flexible and reliable, and the safety factor is high.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a connection releasing device for a deep sea escape cabin comprises an upper enclosing well and a lower enclosing well which are of hemispherical structures, wherein an upper channel enclosing wall is arranged at the top of the upper enclosing well and is connected with a manned ball of the escape cabin, and an upper butt flange is arranged at the bottom of the upper enclosing well; the top of the lower enclosure is provided with a lower butt flange, the bottom of the lower enclosure is provided with a lower channel surrounding wall, and the lower channel surrounding wall is connected with the deep sea manned submersible manned cabin;
the upper butt flange and the lower butt flange are fixedly connected through explosive bolts, and the sealing of the flange surface is realized through a sealing ring;
an upper hatch cover is arranged in the upper channel surrounding wall, a lower hatch cover is arranged in the lower channel surrounding wall, and a normal pressure cavity is formed between the upper enclosure and the lower enclosure under normal working conditions;
an oil cylinder upper support is arranged on the inner side below the upper enclosing well, a rotary actuating oil cylinder is arranged on the oil cylinder upper support through an oil cylinder connecting pin shaft, and an oil cylinder lower support is hinged to the end part of the rotary actuating oil cylinder;
a hydraulic system is arranged in the upper enclosing well and the lower enclosing well;
a plurality of upper spring supports are installed on the inner wall below the upper enclosing well at intervals in the circumferential direction, a plurality of lower spring supports are installed on the inner portion above the lower enclosing well at intervals in the circumferential direction, and pushing springs are installed between the corresponding upper spring supports and the corresponding lower spring supports.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution:
six lower flange waist-shaped holes are uniformly distributed on the lower butt joint flange, and six upper flange bolt holes corresponding to the lower flange waist-shaped holes are uniformly distributed on the upper butt joint flange;
the diameter of the small hole on one side of the lower flange waist-shaped hole is consistent with that of the bolt hole of the upper flange, the diameter of the large hole on the other side of the lower flange waist-shaped hole is larger than the outer diameters of the bolt nut and the gasket, so that the explosion bolt can freely pass through the nut and the gasket, and the lower end face of the lower flange waist-shaped hole is provided with a wedge-shaped groove which is matched with the wedge-shaped gasket of the explosion bolt.
The wedge angle of the wedge-shaped groove is 5 degrees.
And the energy accumulator is also arranged in the upper trap and the lower trap and is connected with the rotary actuating oil cylinder through a pipeline, and the pipeline is provided with an electromagnetic valve.
The broken surface of the explosive bolt is arranged at the butt joint surface of the upper butt joint flange and the lower butt joint flange.
And the oil cylinder connecting pin shaft is in clearance fit with the oil cylinder upper support.
A method for disconnecting a connection disconnecting device for a deep sea escape capsule, comprising the steps of:
the first step is as follows: the crew sequentially opens the lower hatch cover and the upper hatch cover, and all the crews enter the escape cabin from the manned cabin of the deep sea manned submersible vehicle through the passage;
the second step is that: closing the lower hatch cover and the upper hatch cover in sequence, wherein a normal-pressure cavity is formed between the upper enclosure well and the lower enclosure well at the moment;
the third step: the sailor operates and opens the electromagnetic valve in the manned ball of the escape compartment, and high-pressure oil is injected to the rodless end of the rotary actuating oil cylinder, so that the piston rod generates and keeps the set thrust, and at the moment, the friction force of relative displacement of the upper butt flange and the lower butt flange is huge due to the external seawater pressure, and the rotary actuating oil cylinder cannot push the upper enclosure well;
the fourth step: opening a water injection pressure equalizing valve, injecting water into the cavities of the upper enclosing trap and the lower enclosing trap, slowly increasing the pressure in the cavities in the water injection process until the pressing force generated by the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the cavities is equal to the sum of the thrust of the spring and the positive buoyancy of the escape cabin, the upper butt flange and the lower butt flange are not affected by external force except the pretightening force of the explosive bolt, so that the friction force of relative movement is minimum, at the moment, the rotary actuating oil cylinder only needs small thrust to enable the upper enclosing trap and the lower enclosing trap to generate relative rotary displacement until the explosive bolt with the nut and the wedge-shaped gasket move to the center of the large hole of the waist-shaped hole of the lower flange, the explosive bolt with the nut and the wedge-shaped gasket can pass through the large hole of the waist-shaped hole, the explosive bolt loses the constraint effect on the upper butt flange and the lower butt flange, and water injection is carried out until the pressure inside and outside the cavity is consistent, and the escape cabin is released and floats under the action of the jacking force of the jacking spring and the positive buoyancy force of the jacking spring.
If the mode of the oil cylinder driving unlocking fails, the explosion bolts can be detonated, the six explosion bolts are simultaneously disconnected along the fracture surfaces of the six explosion bolts, the explosion bolts lose the restraint effect of the explosion bolts on the upper butt flange and the lower butt flange, the escape cabin is disengaged and floats to the water surface to be rescued under the action of the jacking force of the jacking springs and the positive buoyancy force of the jacking springs, and the self-rescue escape of all the sailors is realized.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention has compact and reasonable structure and convenient operation, adopts two types of mutual backup of hydraulic oil cylinder unlocking and explosive bolt unlocking, reduces the locking ring mechanism compared with the existing connecting and releasing device, can avoid the locking ring from being locked with the upper butt flange, and effectively improves the unlocking reliability; the pushing device adopts a spring mechanism, does not need to depend on an external power source, and has the advantages of simple structure, reliable performance and space saving compared with the existing hydraulic oil cylinder pushing mode; the explosive bolt is connected and fixed with the lower butt flange through the waist-shaped hole with the wedge-shaped groove, so that unlocking can be realized without screwing the bolt or detonating the bolt, and the effect of labor saving is achieved; the release method can find a most labor-saving time point for rotating the actuating oil cylinder, and is beneficial to reducing energy consumption and reducing the size of the oil cylinder.
Meanwhile, the invention also has the following advantages:
(1) the escape cabin unlocking method effectively improves the escape cabin unlocking reliability, firstly, the unlocking mode is that hydraulic oil cylinder unlocking and explosive bolt unlocking are mutually backed up, and the unlocking reliability is improved; and secondly, compared with the existing connecting and releasing device, the locking ring mechanism is reduced, and the locking ring and the upper butt flange can be prevented from being clamped.
(2) The hydraulic oil cylinder pushing device adopts the spring as the pushing device, can realize the pushing action on the escape cabin without depending on an external power source, and has the advantages of simple structure, reliable performance, space saving and the like compared with the existing hydraulic oil cylinder pushing mode.
(3) The explosion bolt is fixedly connected with the lower butt flange through the waist-shaped hole with the wedge-shaped groove, the escape cabin can be released without screwing the bolt or detonating the bolt, and the labor is saved.
(4) The releasing method (flow) of the invention can find a most labor-saving time point for rotating the actuating cylinder, and is beneficial to reducing energy consumption and reducing the size of the cylinder.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view (showing an internal structure) of the connection and disconnection apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the connection and disconnection apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a partial view of the connection release device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a partial view from another perspective of the connection and disconnection apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a partially enlarged view of a portion B in fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a sectional view (before rotation) of the explosive bolt connection according to the invention.
Fig. 8 is a sectional view (after rotation) of the explosive bolt connection part of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the device of the present invention in an unlocked state.
Wherein: 1. an upper channel enclosure wall; 2. an upper enclosure; 3. an upper butt flange; 4. a lower butt flange; 5. a lower trap; 6. a lower channel enclosure wall; 7. exploding the bolt; 8. rotating the actuating cylinder; 9. a hydraulic system; 10. a pushing spring; 11. an upper hatch cover; 12. a lower hatch cover; 13. a seal ring;
21. a spring upper support; 22. an oil cylinder upper support;
31. an upper flange bolt hole;
41. a lower flange kidney-shaped hole; 42. a wedge-shaped groove;
51. a spring lower support; 52. a lower support of the oil cylinder;
71. a wedge-shaped shim;
81. the oil cylinder is connected with a pin shaft;
91. an accumulator; 92. an electromagnetic valve.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 9, the connection releasing device for the deep-sea escape capsule of the present embodiment includes an upper enclosure 2 and a lower enclosure 5, both of which are hemispherical structures, an upper channel enclosure wall 1 is disposed on the top of the upper enclosure 2, the upper channel enclosure wall 1 is connected to a manned ball of the escape capsule, and an upper butt flange 3 is disposed on the bottom of the upper enclosure 2; the top of the lower trap 5 is provided with a lower butt flange 4, the bottom of the lower trap 5 is provided with a lower channel surrounding wall 6, and the lower channel surrounding wall 6 is connected with the deep sea manned submersible manned cabin;
the upper butt flange 3 and the lower butt flange 4 are fixedly connected through an explosion bolt 7, and the sealing of the flange surface is realized through a sealing ring 13;
an upper hatch cover 11 is arranged in the upper channel surrounding wall 1, a lower hatch cover 12 is arranged in the lower channel surrounding wall 6, and a normal pressure cavity is formed between the upper enclosure 2 and the lower enclosure 5 under normal working conditions;
an oil cylinder upper support 22 is arranged on the inner side below the upper trap 2, a rotary actuating oil cylinder 8 is arranged on the oil cylinder upper support 22 through an oil cylinder connecting pin shaft 81, and an oil cylinder lower support 52 is hinged to the end part of the rotary actuating oil cylinder 8;
a hydraulic system 9 is arranged in the upper enclosure 2 and the lower enclosure 5;
a plurality of upper spring supports 21 are arranged on the inner wall of the lower part of the upper enclosure 2 at intervals in the circumferential direction, a plurality of lower spring supports 51 are arranged on the inner part of the upper part of the lower enclosure 5 at intervals in the circumferential direction, and pushing springs 10 are arranged between the corresponding upper spring supports 21 and the corresponding lower spring supports 51.
Six lower flange waist-shaped holes 41 are uniformly distributed on the lower butt flange 4, and six upper flange bolt holes 31 corresponding to the lower flange waist-shaped holes 41 are uniformly distributed on the upper butt flange 3;
the aperture of the small hole on one side of the lower flange waist-shaped hole 41 is consistent with that of the upper flange bolt hole 31, the aperture of the large hole on the other side is larger than the outer diameters of the bolt nut and the gasket, so that the explosion bolt 7 can freely pass through the nut and the gasket, the lower end face of the lower flange waist-shaped hole 41 is provided with a wedge-shaped groove 42, and the wedge-shaped groove 42 is matched with a wedge-shaped gasket 71 of the explosion bolt 7.
The wedge angle of the wedge-shaped groove 42 is 5 °.
An energy accumulator 91 is also arranged in the upper enclosure 2 and the lower enclosure 5, the energy accumulator 91 is connected with the rotary actuating cylinder 8 through a pipeline, and an electromagnetic valve 92 is arranged on the pipeline.
The fracture surface of the explosive bolt 7 is arranged at the butt joint surface of the upper butt joint flange 3 and the lower butt joint flange 4.
The oil cylinder connecting pin 81 and the oil cylinder upper support 22 are in clearance fit.
The disconnecting method of the connection disconnecting device for the deep sea escape capsule comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: the crew sequentially opens the lower hatch cover 12 and the upper hatch cover 11, and all the crews enter the escape cabin from the manned cabin of the deep sea manned submersible vehicle through the passage;
the second step is that: closing the lower hatch cover 12 and the upper hatch cover 11 in sequence, wherein a normal pressure cavity is formed between the upper enclosure 2 and the lower enclosure 5;
the third step: a sailor operates and opens the electromagnetic valve 92 in the manned ball of the escape compartment, high-pressure oil is injected to the rodless end of the rotary actuating oil cylinder 8, the piston rod generates and keeps set thrust, the friction force of relative displacement of the upper butt flange 3 and the lower butt flange 4 is huge due to the external seawater pressure, and the rotary actuating oil cylinder 8 cannot push the upper enclosure well 2;
the fourth step: opening a water injection equalizing valve, injecting water into the cavities of the upper enclosing well 2 and the lower enclosing well 5, wherein in the water injection process, the pressure in the cavities is slowly increased until the pressing force generated by the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the cavities is equal to the sum of the thrust of a spring and the positive buoyancy of an escape cabin, the upper butting flange 3 and the lower butting flange 4 are not influenced by external force, and the pretightening force of the explosion bolt 7 is excluded, so that the friction force of relative movement is minimum, at the moment, the rotary actuating oil cylinder 8 only needs small thrust to enable the upper enclosing well 2 and the lower enclosing well 5 to relatively rotate and displace until the explosion bolt 7 with a nut and a wedge-shaped gasket 71 move to the center of a large hole of a waist-shaped hole 41 of a lower flange, the explosion bolt 7 with the nut and the wedge-shaped gasket 71 can pass through the large hole, the explosion bolt 7 loses the constraint effect on the upper butting flange 3 and the lower butting flange 4, and the water injection is carried out until the pressure inside and the cavities is consistent, at the moment, the escape cabin is released and floats under the action of the jacking force of the jacking spring 10 and the positive buoyancy of the jacking spring.
If the mode of the oil cylinder driving unlocking fails, the explosion bolts 7 can be detonated, six explosion bolts 7 are simultaneously broken along the broken surfaces, the explosion bolts 7 lose the restraint effect on the upper butt flange 3 and the lower butt flange 4, the escape cabin is released and floats to the water surface to be rescued under the action of the jacking force of the jacking springs 10 and the positive buoyancy force of the jacking springs, and the self-rescue escape of all the sailors is realized.
The specific structure and function of the invention are as follows:
the device mainly comprises an upper channel surrounding wall 1, an upper surrounding well 2, an upper butt flange 3, a lower butt flange 4, a lower surrounding well 5, a lower channel surrounding wall 6, an explosion bolt 7, a rotary actuating oil cylinder 8, a hydraulic system 9, a pushing spring 10, an upper hatch cover 11, a lower hatch cover 12, a sealing ring 13, an upper spring support 21, an upper oil cylinder support 22, an upper flange bolt hole 31, a lower flange kidney-shaped hole 41, a kidney-shaped hole wedge-shaped groove 42, a lower spring support 51, an oil cylinder support 52, a wedge-shaped gasket 71, an oil cylinder connecting pin shaft 81, an energy accumulator 91 and an electromagnetic valve 92.
The device is characterized in that an upper channel surrounding wall 1 is connected with an escape cabin manned ball, a lower channel surrounding wall 6 is connected with a deep sea manned submersible manned cabin, an upper surrounding well 2 and a lower surrounding well 5 are both in a hemispherical structure form and are welded and fixedly connected with the upper channel surrounding wall 1 and the lower channel surrounding wall 6 according to the structure form of a graph 1, and the upper surrounding well 2 and the lower surrounding well 5 are integrally formed with an upper butt flange 3 and a lower butt flange 4 respectively.
The upper butt flange 3 and the lower butt flange 4 are fixedly connected through explosive bolts 7, and the sealing of the butt flange surfaces is realized through a sealing ring 13.
An upper hatch cover 11 and a lower hatch cover 12 are respectively arranged on the upper channel surrounding wall 1 and the lower channel surrounding wall 6, so that a normal pressure cavity is formed between the upper enclosure 2 and the lower enclosure 5 under normal working conditions.
The unlocking mode of the device is that hydraulic oil cylinder unlocking and explosive bolt unlocking are mutually backuped, and the escape cabin can be released by starting any mode, so that the releasing reliability of the escape cabin can be effectively improved. The broken surface of the explosive bolt 7 is coplanar with the butt joint surfaces of the upper flange and the lower flange, so that the explosive bolt 7 is prevented from being clamped with a bolt hole under the action of complex external force after being broken; the front end of the rotary actuating oil cylinder 8 is in clearance fit connection with the oil cylinder upper support 22 through an oil cylinder connecting pin shaft 81 to facilitate the separation of the rotary actuating oil cylinder 8 and the oil cylinder lower support 52, six lower flange waist-shaped holes 41 are uniformly distributed on the lower butt flange 4, the aperture of a small hole on one side of each lower flange waist-shaped hole 41 is consistent with that of the upper flange bolt hole 31, the aperture of a large hole on the other side is slightly larger than the outer diameters of a bolt nut and a gasket, so that an explosive bolt 7 can freely pass through the explosive bolt and the gasket, a wedge-shaped groove 42 (the wedge angle is 5 degrees) is formed in the lower end face of each lower flange waist-shaped hole 41, the wedge-shaped groove 42 is matched with a wedge-shaped gasket 71 of the explosive bolt 7 to facilitate the movement of the explosive bolt 7 (as shown in figures 6 and 7), the rotary actuating oil cylinder 8 has a self-locking function to ensure that the upper surrounding well 2 cannot rotate around the central axis under a normal condition, and after the rotary actuating oil cylinder 8 is driven in an emergency condition, the oil cylinder pushes the upper surrounding well 2 and the explosive bolt 7 to rotate around the central axis of the lower surrounding well 5, when the explosive bolt 7 rotates to be concentric with the large hole of the lower flange waist-shaped hole 41, the explosive bolt 7 does not play a role in fixing and restraining the upper butt flange 3 and the lower butt flange 4, the upper trap 2 is released under the action of the pushing force of the pushing spring 10, and floats upwards by virtue of the positive buoyancy of the escape cabin.
The pushing mechanism of the device is four pushing springs 10 which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, the pushing effect on the upper enclosure well 2 can be realized without depending on an external power source, and compared with the existing hydraulic oil cylinder pushing mode of the escape cabin, the device has the advantages of simple structure, reliable performance, space saving and the like. When the device is installed, a certain pretightening force needs to be applied to the spring 10, and the pretightening force can be provided by the dead weight of the escape cabin.
The releasing method of the device is that before water is injected uniformly, an electromagnetic valve 92 is opened, high-pressure oil is injected into an oil cylinder, so that a piston rod generates and keeps a certain thrust (at the moment, due to the pressure of external high-pressure seawater, the friction force of relative displacement of an upper abutting flange 3 and a lower abutting flange 4 is huge, the oil cylinder cannot push an upper surrounding well 2), then a water injection valve is opened to inject water into cavities of the upper surrounding well 2 and a lower surrounding well 5, in the water injection process, the pressure in the cavities is slowly increased, the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the cavities is P, the equivalent area of the vertical water pressure of the upper surrounding well 2 and the lower surrounding well 5 is S, the total thrust of four pushing springs is F1, the positive buoyancy of an escape cabin is F2, when the pressing force generated by the difference between the inside and the outside of the cavities is equal to the sum of the thrust of the springs and the positive buoyancy of the escape cabin, namely PS is equal to F1+ F2, the upper abutting flange 3 and the lower abutting flange 4 are not acted by external force (except the pretightening force of an explosion bolt 7), the friction force of relative movement is minimum, at the moment, the oil cylinder only needs small thrust (which can effectively reduce energy consumption and reduce the size of the oil cylinder) to enable the upper surrounding well 2 and the lower surrounding well 5 to generate relative rotational displacement until the explosion bolt 7 and the wedge-shaped gasket 71 move to the center of the large hole of the lower flange kidney-shaped hole 41, the explosion bolt 7 with the wedge-shaped gasket 71 can pass through the large hole of the kidney-shaped hole, the explosion bolt 7 loses the constraint effect on the upper butt flange 3 and the lower butt flange 4, water injection is carried out until the pressure inside and outside the cavity is consistent, and at the moment, the escape cabin is released and floats under the action of the jacking force of the jacking spring 10 and the self positive buoyancy force; if the oil cylinder driven unlocking mode fails, the explosion bolts 7 can be detonated, the six explosion bolts 7 are simultaneously broken along the broken surfaces of the explosion bolts, and the explosion bolts 7 lose the restraint effect on the upper butt flange 3 and the lower butt flange 4, so that the aim of releasing and floating is fulfilled.
(I) installation scheme
When the device is connected and installed, the pushing spring 10 is compressed by means of the dead weight of the escape cabin, so that the pushing spring 10 obtains certain pre-compression and pre-tightening force, and certain pushing force is guaranteed after the device is unlocked. Under normal conditions, the surfaces of the upper butt flange 3 and the lower butt flange 4 are assembled and connected through six uniformly distributed explosion bolts 7, and sealing is realized by a sealing ring 13; the rotary actuating oil cylinder 8 has a self-locking function, and the escape cabin is prevented from rotating under the action of external force and being mistakenly released.
(II) Release protocol
When the emergency situation needs to be released,
firstly, opening a lower hatch cover 12 and an upper hatch cover 11 in sequence, and enabling all the sailors to enter manned balls in an escape cabin through a passage;
secondly, closing a lower hatch cover 12 and an upper hatch cover 11 (at the moment, a normal pressure cavity is formed between the upper enclosure 2 and the lower enclosure 5);
thirdly, a person operates and opens the electromagnetic valve 92 in the escape cabin manned ball, high-pressure oil is injected to the rodless end of the rotary actuating oil cylinder 8, and the piston rod has and keeps certain thrust (at the moment, due to the external seawater pressure, the friction force of relative displacement of the upper butt flange 3 and the lower butt flange 4 is huge, and the oil cylinder cannot push the upper enclosure well 2);
fourthly, a water injection valve is opened to inject water into the cavities of the upper surrounding trap 2 and the lower surrounding trap 5, the pressure in the cavities is slowly increased in the water injection process until the pressing force generated by the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the cavities is equal to the sum of the thrust of a spring and the positive buoyancy of an escape cabin, that is, when PS is F1+ F2, the surfaces of the upper and lower flanges 3 and 4 are not subjected to external force, the friction force of the relative movement is minimum, at the moment, the oil cylinder only needs small thrust to enable the upper surrounding well 2 and the lower surrounding well 5 to generate relative rotation displacement until the explosive bolt 7 and the wedge-shaped gasket 71 move to the center of the large hole of the lower flange kidney-shaped hole 41, the explosive bolt 7 with the wedge-shaped gasket 71 can pass through the large hole of the kidney-shaped hole, the explosive bolt 7 loses the restraint effect on the upper butt flange 3 and the lower butt flange 4, water injection is carried out until the pressure inside and outside the cavity is consistent, and the escape cabin is released and floats under the action of the jacking force of the jacking spring 10 and the positive buoyancy force of the escape cabin;
and fifthly, if the unlocking mode driven by the oil cylinder fails, the explosion bolts 7 can be detonated, the six explosion bolts 7 are simultaneously broken along the fracture surfaces, the explosion bolts 7 also lose the restraint effect on the upper butt flange 3 and the lower butt flange 4, the escape cabin is released and floats to the water surface to be rescued under the action of the jacking force of the jacking springs 10 and the positive buoyancy force of the jacking springs, and the self-rescue escape of all the sailors is realized.
The above description is intended to be illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, which may be modified in any manner within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A connection releasing device for a deep sea escape capsule is characterized in that: the escape capsule comprises an upper enclosure well (2) and a lower enclosure well (5) which are both of hemispherical structures, wherein an upper channel enclosure wall (1) is arranged at the top of the upper enclosure well (2), the upper channel enclosure wall (1) is connected with an escape capsule manned ball, and an upper butt flange (3) is arranged at the bottom of the upper enclosure well (2); the top of the lower enclosure (5) is provided with a lower butt flange (4), the bottom of the lower enclosure (5) is provided with a lower channel surrounding wall (6), and the lower channel surrounding wall (6) is connected with a manned cabin of the deep sea manned submersible vehicle;
the upper butt flange (3) and the lower butt flange (4) are fixedly connected through an explosion bolt (7), and the sealing of the flange surface is realized through a sealing ring (13);
an upper hatch cover (11) is arranged in the upper channel surrounding wall (1), a lower hatch cover (12) is arranged in the lower channel surrounding wall (6), and a normal pressure cavity is formed between the upper enclosure (2) and the lower enclosure (5) under normal working conditions;
an oil cylinder upper support (22) is installed on the inner side below the upper enclosing well (2), a rotary actuating oil cylinder (8) is installed on the oil cylinder upper support (22) through an oil cylinder connecting pin shaft (81), and an oil cylinder lower support (52) is hinged to the end portion of the rotary actuating oil cylinder (8);
a hydraulic system (9) is arranged in the upper enclosure (2) and the lower enclosure (5);
a plurality of upper spring supports (21) are installed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the inner wall below the upper enclosure (2), a plurality of lower spring supports (51) are installed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the inner part above the lower enclosure (5), and a pushing spring (10) is installed between the corresponding upper spring support (21) and the corresponding lower spring support (51).
2. A connection releasing device for a deep-sea escape capsule as defined in claim 1, wherein: six lower flange waist-shaped holes (41) are uniformly distributed on the lower butt flange (4), and six upper flange bolt holes (31) corresponding to the lower flange waist-shaped holes (41) are uniformly distributed on the upper butt flange (3);
the aperture of a small hole on one side of the lower flange waist-shaped hole (41) is consistent with that of the upper flange bolt hole (31), the aperture of a large hole on the other side is larger than the outer diameters of a bolt nut and a gasket, so that an explosion bolt (7) can freely pass through the nut and the gasket, a wedge-shaped groove (42) is formed in the lower end face of the lower flange waist-shaped hole (41), and the wedge-shaped groove (42) is matched with a wedge-shaped gasket (71) of the explosion bolt (7).
3. A connection releasing device for a deep-sea escape capsule as defined in claim 2, wherein: the wedge angle of the wedge-shaped groove (42) is 5 degrees.
4. A connection releasing device for a deep-sea escape capsule as defined in claim 1, wherein: an energy accumulator (91) is further installed in the upper trap (2) and the lower trap (5), the energy accumulator (91) is connected with the rotary actuating oil cylinder (8) through a pipeline, and an electromagnetic valve (92) is installed on the pipeline.
5. A connection releasing device for a deep-sea escape capsule as defined in claim 1, wherein: the fracture surface of the explosive bolt (7) is arranged at the butt joint surface of the upper butt joint flange (3) and the lower butt joint flange (4).
6. A connection releasing device for a deep-sea escape capsule as defined in claim 1, wherein: the oil cylinder connecting pin shaft (81) is in clearance fit with the oil cylinder upper support (22).
7. A releasing method using the connection releasing device for the deep-sea escape capsule of claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: the crew sequentially opens a lower hatch cover (12) and an upper hatch cover (11), and all the crews enter an escape cabin from a manned cabin of the deep sea manned submersible vehicle through a passage;
the second step is that: the lower hatch cover (12) and the upper hatch cover (11) are closed in sequence, and a normal pressure cavity is formed between the upper enclosure well (2) and the lower enclosure well (5);
the third step: a sailor operates and opens the electromagnetic valve (92) in the manned ball of the escape compartment, high-pressure oil is injected to the rodless end of the rotary actuating oil cylinder (8), so that the piston rod generates and keeps a set thrust, the friction force of relative displacement of the upper butt flange (3) and the lower butt flange (4) is huge due to the external seawater pressure, and the rotary actuating oil cylinder (8) cannot push the upper enclosure well (2);
the fourth step: opening a water injection pressure equalizing valve, injecting water into the cavities of the upper enclosing well (2) and the lower enclosing well (5), wherein in the water injection process, the pressure in the cavities is slowly increased until the pressing force generated by the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the cavities is equal to the sum of the spring thrust and the positive buoyancy of an escape cabin, the upper butting flange (3) and the lower butting flange (4) are not influenced by external force, and the pretightening force of the explosion bolt (7) is excluded, so that the friction force of relative movement is minimum, at the moment, the rotary actuating oil cylinder (8) only needs small thrust to enable the upper enclosing well (2) and the lower enclosing well (5) to generate relative rotary displacement until the explosion bolt (7) with the nut and the wedge-shaped gasket (71) move to the center of the large hole of the lower flange kidney-shaped hole (41), the explosion bolt (7) with the nut and the wedge-shaped gasket (71) can pass through the kidney-shaped hole, and the explosion bolt (7) loses the upper butting flange (3) and the lower enclosing well (5), The lower butt flange (4) is restrained, water injection is carried out until the internal pressure and the external pressure of the cavity are consistent, and the escape cabin is released and floats upwards under the action of the jacking force of the jacking spring (10) and the positive buoyancy force of the escape cabin.
8. The releasing method of the connection releasing device for the deep-sea escape capsule as claimed in claim 7, wherein: if the mode of the oil cylinder driving unlocking fails, the explosion bolts (7) can be detonated, the six explosion bolts (7) are simultaneously broken along the broken surfaces of the explosion bolts, the explosion bolts (7) lose the restraint effect on the upper butt flange (3) and the lower butt flange (4), the escape cabin is released and floats to the water surface to be rescued under the action of the jacking force of the jacking springs (10) and the positive buoyancy force of the jacking springs, and the self-rescue escape of all the sailors is realized.
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| CN113443102A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-09-28 | 江苏科技大学 | Life raft unlocking and releasing method |
| CN113501116A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-10-15 | 江苏科技大学 | Releasing operation method of inflatable life raft system |
| CN113602419A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-11-05 | 浙江欧佩亚海洋工程有限公司 | Marine hatch board hold-down mechanism |
| CN114590382A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-06-07 | 中国船舶科学研究中心 | High-pressure water replacement device for assisting deep sea connection and disconnection and use method |
| CN114852297A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-08-05 | 中国船舶科学研究中心 | Novel automatic separation device for deep sea equipment and operation method |
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