CN113184049A - Mechanical all-wheel steering system for multi-axle heavy vehicle - Google Patents
Mechanical all-wheel steering system for multi-axle heavy vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113184049A CN113184049A CN202110480093.2A CN202110480093A CN113184049A CN 113184049 A CN113184049 A CN 113184049A CN 202110480093 A CN202110480093 A CN 202110480093A CN 113184049 A CN113184049 A CN 113184049A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- steering
- assembly
- swing arm
- transition
- longitudinal beam
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D7/00—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings
- B62D7/06—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins
- B62D7/14—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins the pivotal axes being situated in more than one plane transverse to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle, e.g. all-wheel steering
- B62D7/142—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins the pivotal axes being situated in more than one plane transverse to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle, e.g. all-wheel steering specially adapted for particular vehicles, e.g. tractors, carts, earth-moving vehicles, trucks
- B62D7/144—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins the pivotal axes being situated in more than one plane transverse to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle, e.g. all-wheel steering specially adapted for particular vehicles, e.g. tractors, carts, earth-moving vehicles, trucks for vehicles with more than two axles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
- B62D5/06—Power-assisted or power-driven steering fluid, i.e. using a pressurised fluid for most or all the force required for steering a vehicle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
- B62D5/06—Power-assisted or power-driven steering fluid, i.e. using a pressurised fluid for most or all the force required for steering a vehicle
- B62D5/18—Power-assisted or power-driven steering fluid, i.e. using a pressurised fluid for most or all the force required for steering a vehicle characterised by power transmitting means
Abstract
The invention aims to provide a mechanical all-wheel steering system for a multi-axle heavy vehicle, which has better road trafficability and steering flexibility and realizes all-wheel steering on the basis of safety and reliability so as to reduce the turning radius of the vehicle. The steering shafting assembly and the steering hydraulic device assembly are arranged on the longitudinal beam support assembly; the steering hydraulic device assembly comprises a plurality of steering hydraulic assemblies, and each steering hydraulic assembly is connected with a plurality of wheel-side pull rods.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of automobile steering, in particular to the field of multi-axle heavy cross-country automobiles, and specifically relates to a mechanical all-wheel steering system for a multi-axle heavy vehicle.
Background
At present, a front axle steering mode is mainly adopted for the multi-axle heavy-duty automobile, a rear axle generally does not participate in steering movement, the heavy-duty automobile cannot adapt to some special working conditions well, the road trafficability of the automobile is poor due to the large turning radius, and the application and the development of the multi-axle heavy-duty automobile are greatly limited. And the situation of the road surface on which the cross-country vehicle runs is poor, the traditional steering gear is arranged in a mode that the input shaft of the steering gear is directly connected with a steering column, and the steering gear is easily damaged by the impact of the road surface on a bumpy road surface and cannot be used safely.
At present, the method for realizing all-wheel steering mainly adopts an electric control hydraulic power-assisted mode, a hydraulic valve and a hydraulic cylinder controlled by an ECU control the deflection of tires, and the function of vehicle steering is realized, but the mode has high requirement on the precision of a control system, the occupied space of components is large, the arrangement is difficult, frequent maintenance is needed, and the reliability and the safety of the system cannot be ensured in a long time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a mechanical all-wheel steering system for a multi-axle heavy vehicle, which has better road trafficability and steering flexibility and realizes all-wheel steering on the basis of safety and reliability so as to reduce the turning radius of the vehicle.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a mechanical all-wheel steering system for a multi-axle heavy vehicle comprises a steering shafting assembly for transmitting steering wheel torque and a steering hydraulic device assembly for assisting power, wherein the steering shafting assembly and the steering hydraulic device assembly are arranged on a longitudinal beam support assembly;
the steering hydraulic device assembly comprises a plurality of steering hydraulic assemblies, and each steering hydraulic assembly is connected with a plurality of wheel-side pull rods.
Furthermore, the longitudinal beam support assembly comprises a longitudinal beam support frame I and a longitudinal beam support frame II which are symmetrically distributed left and right, and the steering shaft system assembly is arranged on the longitudinal beam support frame I;
the steering shafting assembly comprises an input shaft assembly I, an angle driver I and an input shaft assembly II which are sequentially connected, wherein the input shaft assembly II is rotatably arranged on the longitudinal beam support frame I, and the angle driver I is arranged on the longitudinal beam support frame I.
Furthermore, the steering hydraulic assembly comprises a main steering gear, a T-shaped angle driver, a follow-up steering gear and two sets of linkage assemblies; the T-shaped angle driver is installed on the input shaft assembly II, the main steering gear is installed at the bottom of the longitudinal beam support frame I, and the output end of the T-shaped angle driver is communicated with the input end of the main steering gear through a connecting rod; the two sets of linkage components are respectively and symmetrically arranged on the longitudinal beam support frame I and the longitudinal beam support frame II, each linkage component comprises a front steering swing arm, a rear steering swing arm assembly, a front transition rod, a transition swing arm assembly and a rear transition rod, the front steering swing arm is connected to the output end of the main steering device/the servo steering device, the transition swing arm assembly and the rear steering swing arm assembly are rotatably connected to the longitudinal beam support frame I/the longitudinal beam support frame II, one end of the front transition rod is hinged to the front steering swing arm, the other end of the front transition rod is hinged to the transition swing arm assembly, one end of the rear transition rod is hinged to the rear steering swing arm assembly, and the other end of the rear transition rod is hinged to the transition swing arm assembly; one end of each of the front steering swing arm and the rear steering swing arm is hinged with a wheel side pull rod; the two rear steering swing arm assemblies are hinged into a whole through a connecting pull rod.
Furthermore, the main steering gear and the follow-up steering gear are both hydraulic power steering gears.
Furthermore, the input shaft assembly II is formed by connecting a plurality of shaft sections through universal joints, and a transition shaft assembly is arranged in the middle of the input shaft assembly II.
Further, the transition axle assembly is including turning to transition axle, lock nut, steering spindle sleeve and fixing the support of longeron support frame I, the steering spindle sleeve is established turn to on the transition axle, the steering spindle sleeve passes through lock nut to be fixed on the support be equipped with the grease nipple that is used for the filling butter on the steering spindle sleeve.
Furthermore, the wheel-side tie rod, the front transition rod and the rear transition rod are length-adjustable steering tie rods, each steering tie rod comprises a rod body and two ball-head bolts, and the two ball-head bolts are respectively in threaded connection with the left end and the right end of the rod body and are matched with nuts for fixation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the all-wheel steering system has the function of all-wheel steering, effectively reduces the turning radius of a vehicle, has good road trafficability and provides an all-wheel steering arrangement form for a multi-axle independent suspension type off-road vehicle;
2. the steering hydraulic assembly is provided with a main steering gear and a follow-up steering gear, so that the hydraulic output force is effectively superposed, and the steering of the heavy off-road vehicle is more flexible; the stability of the steering system is greatly guaranteed by adopting a pure mechanical transmission mode; the invention is beneficial to prolonging the service life of key parts of the steering system and increasing the driving safety;
3. the wheel side tie rod, the front transition rod and the rear transition rod are all steering tie rods with adjustable lengths, and each steering tie rod comprises a rod body and two ball head bolts, so that convenience is provided for adjusting the length and the ball head angle of the steering tie rod, and the steering tie rod has good assembly performance;
4. the invention has a modularized development direction, a set of steering hydraulic device can be used for multi-axle steering, the factor of the vehicle length is not considered, theoretically, the steering hydraulic component at a proper position can realize the function of steering all wheels of a multi-axle vehicle, and the function of steering all wheels of the multi-axle vehicle is realized with the minimum cost on the basis of simplifying the design difficulty.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a mechanical all-wheel steering system for a multi-axle heavy vehicle according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a steering shafting assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a steering hydraulic assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a transition shaft assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a tie rod configuration according to the present invention;
in the figure: 1. the steering device comprises longitudinal beam support frames I and 2, longitudinal beam support frames II and 3, input shaft assemblies I and 4, angle drivers I and 5, input shaft assemblies II and 6, steering hydraulic components 61, a main steering gear, 62, T-shaped angle drivers 63, a follow-up steering gear, 7, a front steering swing arm, 8, a rear steering swing arm assembly, 9, a front transition rod, 10, a transition swing arm assembly, 11, a rear transition rod, 12, transition shafts, 13, steering shaft sleeves, 14, a support, 15 and wheel side pull rods.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present application without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Taking a four-axle vehicle as an example, as shown in fig. 1, the embodiment discloses a mechanical all-wheel steering system for a multi-axle heavy vehicle, which includes a steering shafting assembly for transmitting steering wheel torque and a steering hydraulic device assembly for assisting power, wherein the steering shafting assembly and the steering hydraulic device assembly are mounted on a longitudinal beam support assembly. The longitudinal beam support assembly comprises a longitudinal beam support frame I1 and a longitudinal beam support frame II 2 which are symmetrically distributed in the left-right direction, wherein the steering shaft assembly is arranged on the longitudinal beam support frame I1, as shown in figures 2-4, the steering shaft assembly comprises an input shaft assembly I3, an angle driver I4 and an input shaft assembly II 5 which are sequentially connected, the input shaft assembly II 5 is rotatably arranged on the longitudinal beam support frame I1 through a support seat, and the angle driver I4 is arranged on the side face of the front end of the longitudinal beam support frame I1. The steering shafting assemblies are connected by universal joints, and are arranged at the position with the minimum influence of the transmission torque fluctuation through the phase angle matching calculation of the universal joints.
The input shaft assembly II 5 is formed by connecting a plurality of shaft sections through universal joints, and the middle of the input shaft assembly II 5 is a transition shaft assembly. The transition shaft assembly comprises a steering transition shaft 12, a locking nut, a steering shaft sleeve 13 and a support 14 fixed on the longitudinal beam support frame I, the steering shaft sleeve 13 is sleeved on the steering transition shaft 12, the steering shaft sleeve 13 is fixed on the support 14 through the locking nut, and a grease nipple for filling grease is arranged on the steering shaft sleeve 13. Excessive grease is filled into the steering shaft sleeve 13 through the grease nipple, so that the transition shaft 12 is fully lubricated in the steering shaft sleeve 13, the abrasion of parts is reduced, and the hand resistance of a driver is reduced.
The steering hydraulic device assembly comprises two sets of steering hydraulic assemblies 6, each set of steering hydraulic assembly 6 comprises a main steering gear 61, a T-shaped angle driver 62, a follow-up steering gear 63 and two sets of linkage assemblies, wherein the main steering gear 61 and the follow-up steering gear 63 are hydraulic power steering gears. The T-shaped angle driver 62 is installed on the input shaft assembly II 5, the main steering gear 61 is installed at the bottom of the longitudinal beam support frame I1, and the output end of the T-shaped angle driver 62 is communicated with the input end of the main steering gear 61 through a connecting rod. For convenience of installation and maintenance, two sets of linkage components are symmetrically installed on a longitudinal beam support frame I1 and a longitudinal beam support frame II 2 respectively, each set of linkage component comprises a front steering swing arm 7, a rear steering swing arm assembly 8, a front transition rod 9, a transition swing arm assembly 10 and a rear transition rod 11, the front steering swing arm 7 is connected to the output end of a main steering device 61/a follow-up steering device 63, the transition swing arm assembly 10 and the rear steering swing arm assembly 8 are rotatably connected to the longitudinal beam support frame I1/the longitudinal beam support frame II 2, one end of the front transition rod 9 is hinged to the front steering swing arm 7, the other end of the front transition rod is hinged to the transition swing arm assembly 10, one end of the rear transition rod 11 is hinged to the rear steering swing arm assembly 8, and the other end of the rear transition rod is hinged to the transition swing arm assembly 10. The front steering swing arm 7 and the rear steering swing arm assembly 8 are hinged with wheel-side pull rods 15 used for connecting wheels, and the two rear steering swing arm assemblies 8 are hinged into a whole through connecting pull rods. By the design, each steering hydraulic component 6 adopts a U-shaped transmission mode, and the steering hydraulic device assembly is used for controlling the steering of the wheels.
The wheel limit pull rod, the front transition rod 9 and the rear transition rod 11 are length-adjustable steering pull rods, as shown in fig. 5, each steering pull rod comprises a rod body and two ball head bolts, left-handed threads are processed on the ball head bolts on the left side, right-handed threads are processed on the ball head bolts on the right side, the left end of the rod body is in threaded fit with the ball head bolts on the left side, and the right end of the rod body is in threaded fit with the ball head bolts on the right side. When the ball head bolt is matched with the rod body in a threaded manner and adjusted to a proper length, the ball head bolt is matched with the nut to be locked and fixed. By the design, the rotation angle of the ball head bolt can be conveniently adjusted, and the integral length can be finely adjusted.
The mechanical all-wheel steering system for the multi-axle heavy vehicle has the following specific working process:
the torque transmitted by a driver through a steering wheel is transmitted to an input shaft assembly I, the torque is transmitted to an input shaft assembly II after the transmission direction of the input shaft assembly I is changed through an angle driver I, and the torque is continuously transmitted to a front T-shaped angle driver and a rear T-shaped angle driver. After the torque is transmitted to the T-shaped angle driver, the transmission direction is changed, the torque is transmitted to the main steering gear through the connecting rod, the main steering gear drives the front steering swing arm to swing, the front steering swing arm drives the rear steering swing arm assembly to swing together through the front transition rod and the rear transition rod, and the rear steering swing arm assembly drives the rear steering swing arm assembly of the other set of linkage assembly to swing through the connecting pull rod and finally transmitted to the follow-up steering gear. The whole steering hydraulic component forms a U-shaped transmission form, so that the two front steering swing arms and the two rear steering swing arm assemblies respectively control the steering of the wheels through wheel-side pull rods.
The all-wheel steering system has the function of all-wheel steering, effectively reduces the turning radius of a vehicle, has good road trafficability and provides an all-wheel steering arrangement form for a multi-axle independent suspension type off-road vehicle; the invention has a modularized development direction, a set of steering hydraulic device can be used for multi-axle steering, the factor of the vehicle length is not considered, theoretically, the steering hydraulic component at a proper position can realize the function of steering all wheels of a multi-axle vehicle, and the function of steering all wheels of the multi-axle vehicle is realized with the minimum cost on the basis of simplifying the design difficulty.
Claims (7)
1. A mechanical all-wheel steering system for a multi-axle heavy vehicle is characterized by comprising a steering shafting assembly for transmitting steering wheel torque and a steering hydraulic device assembly for assisting power, wherein the steering shafting assembly and the steering hydraulic device assembly are arranged on a longitudinal beam support assembly;
the steering hydraulic device assembly comprises a plurality of steering hydraulic assemblies, and each steering hydraulic assembly is connected with a plurality of wheel-side pull rods.
2. The mechanical all-wheel steering system for the multi-axle heavy vehicle is characterized in that the longitudinal beam support assembly comprises a longitudinal beam support frame I and a longitudinal beam support frame II which are symmetrically distributed left and right, and the steering shaft assembly is mounted on the longitudinal beam support frame I;
the steering shafting assembly comprises an input shaft assembly I, an angle driver I and an input shaft assembly II which are sequentially connected, wherein the input shaft assembly II is rotatably arranged on the longitudinal beam support frame I, and the angle driver I is arranged on the longitudinal beam support frame I.
3. The mechanical all-wheel steering system for the multi-axle heavy vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the steering hydraulic assembly comprises a main steering gear, a T-shaped angle actuator, a follow-up steering gear and two sets of linkage assemblies; the T-shaped angle driver is installed on the input shaft assembly II, the main steering gear is installed at the bottom of the longitudinal beam support frame I, and the output end of the T-shaped angle driver is communicated with the input end of the main steering gear through a connecting rod; the two sets of linkage components are respectively and symmetrically arranged on the longitudinal beam support frame I and the longitudinal beam support frame II, each linkage component comprises a front steering swing arm, a rear steering swing arm assembly, a front transition rod, a transition swing arm assembly and a rear transition rod, the front steering swing arm is connected to the output end of the main steering device/the servo steering device, the transition swing arm assembly and the rear steering swing arm assembly are rotatably connected to the longitudinal beam support frame I/the longitudinal beam support frame II, one end of the front transition rod is hinged to the front steering swing arm, the other end of the front transition rod is hinged to the transition swing arm assembly, one end of the rear transition rod is hinged to the rear steering swing arm assembly, and the other end of the rear transition rod is hinged to the transition swing arm assembly; one end of each of the front steering swing arm and the rear steering swing arm is hinged with a wheel side pull rod; the two rear steering swing arm assemblies are hinged into a whole through a connecting pull rod.
4. The mechanical all-wheel steering system for a multi-axle heavy vehicle according to claim 3, wherein the main steering gear and the follow-up steering gear are both hydraulic power steering gears.
5. The mechanical all-wheel steering system for the multi-axle heavy vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the input shaft assembly II is formed by connecting a plurality of shaft sections through universal joints, and the transition shaft assembly is arranged in the middle of the input shaft assembly II.
6. The mechanical all-wheel steering system for the multi-axle heavy vehicle according to claim 5, wherein the transition shaft assembly comprises a steering transition shaft, a locking nut, a steering shaft sleeve and a bracket fixed on the longitudinal beam support frame I, the steering shaft sleeve is sleeved on the steering transition shaft, the steering shaft sleeve is fixed on the bracket through the locking nut, and a grease nipple for filling grease is arranged on the steering shaft sleeve.
7. The mechanical all-wheel steering system for the multi-axle heavy vehicle according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the wheel-side tie rod, the front transition rod and the rear transition rod are all adjustable-length tie rods, and each tie rod comprises a rod body and two ball-end bolts, and the two ball-end bolts are respectively in threaded connection with the left end and the right end of the rod body and are fixed by matching nuts.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110480093.2A CN113184049A (en) | 2021-04-30 | 2021-04-30 | Mechanical all-wheel steering system for multi-axle heavy vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110480093.2A CN113184049A (en) | 2021-04-30 | 2021-04-30 | Mechanical all-wheel steering system for multi-axle heavy vehicle |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113184049A true CN113184049A (en) | 2021-07-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110480093.2A Pending CN113184049A (en) | 2021-04-30 | 2021-04-30 | Mechanical all-wheel steering system for multi-axle heavy vehicle |
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| CN (1) | CN113184049A (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07329814A (en) * | 1994-06-14 | 1995-12-19 | Sanwa Unyu Kogyo Kk | Rear wheel steering device for u-type frame vehicle |
| CN203237286U (en) * | 2013-03-25 | 2013-10-16 | 诸城福田汽车科技开发有限公司 | Three-axle steering system and automobile applying same |
| CN204110141U (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2015-01-21 | 徐州重型机械有限公司 | Steering swivel system and hoisting crane |
| CN106741134A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-05-31 | 徐州重型机械有限公司 | For the active front steering system and hoisting machinery of hoisting machinery |
| CN107010110A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-08-04 | 北京航天发射技术研究所 | A kind of big axle load chassis doube bridge steering |
| CN109533020A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2019-03-29 | 中国煤炭科工集团太原研究院有限公司 | A kind of U-shaped vehicle all-wheel control system of multiaxis |
-
2021
- 2021-04-30 CN CN202110480093.2A patent/CN113184049A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07329814A (en) * | 1994-06-14 | 1995-12-19 | Sanwa Unyu Kogyo Kk | Rear wheel steering device for u-type frame vehicle |
| CN203237286U (en) * | 2013-03-25 | 2013-10-16 | 诸城福田汽车科技开发有限公司 | Three-axle steering system and automobile applying same |
| CN204110141U (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2015-01-21 | 徐州重型机械有限公司 | Steering swivel system and hoisting crane |
| CN106741134A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-05-31 | 徐州重型机械有限公司 | For the active front steering system and hoisting machinery of hoisting machinery |
| CN107010110A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-08-04 | 北京航天发射技术研究所 | A kind of big axle load chassis doube bridge steering |
| CN109533020A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2019-03-29 | 中国煤炭科工集团太原研究院有限公司 | A kind of U-shaped vehicle all-wheel control system of multiaxis |
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