Background
The new energy electric automobile comprises an electric drive and control system, a mechanical system such as a drive force transmission system and the like, a working device for completing a set task and the like.
The electric drive and control system is the core of an electric automobile and is the biggest difference from an internal combustion engine automobile. The electric driving and controlling system consists of driving motor, power source, speed regulating controller of motor, etc. Other devices of the electric vehicle are basically the same as those of the internal combustion engine vehicle.
The power supply provides electric energy for a driving motor of the electric automobile, and the electric motor converts the electric energy of the power supply into mechanical energy. At present, the most widely used power source is the lead-acid storage battery, but with the development of electric automobile technology, the lead-acid storage battery is gradually replaced by other storage batteries due to low energy, slow charging speed and short service life. The developing power supplies mainly comprise sodium-sulfur batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, lithium batteries, fuel batteries and the like, and the application of the novel power supplies opens up a wide prospect for the development of electric automobiles.
At present, the thermal management of a power battery system can be mainly divided into three types, namely air cooling, liquid cooling and natural cooling, wherein the natural cooling and the liquid cooling are mainly used, but the natural cooling has a large influence on the environment and cannot give consideration to the heat dissipation and heat preservation performance; liquid cooling easily produces adverse effect to battery package safety, if the weeping can lead to battery package to take place the thermal runaway, endangers driver and crew's personal safety, is unfavorable for above-mentioned cooling method in electric automobile technical field's popularization and application.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, a first object of the present invention is to provide a battery pack thermal management device, which has a smart structure, can effectively save energy and improve the safety performance of a battery pack, ensures the personal safety of drivers and passengers, enhances the use experience of the drivers and passengers, and is favorable for popularization and application of the device in the technical field of electric vehicles. A second aspect of the present invention is directed to a method for managing heat of a battery pack, which also has the advantages of saving energy and improving safety of the battery pack.
The battery pack heat management device and the battery pack heat management method are technically related to each other and belong to the same inventive concept.
In order to realize the first invention purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that the battery pack heat management device comprises a battery pack upper shell and a battery pack lower shell which are arranged below a vehicle body, wherein the battery pack upper shell and the battery pack lower shell are both arranged in a hollow structure, heat conduction pipes are arranged in the hollow structure, and the heat conduction pipes are axially sealed with the battery pack upper shell and the battery pack lower shell; the heat conduction pipe is electrically connected with a central control device in the cab and drives the heat conduction pipe to stretch and retract.
As a preferable mode of the present invention, the driving device is installed at the bottom of the heat pipe.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the central axis of the upper case of the battery pack and the central axis of the lower case of the battery pack are disposed on the same line.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the battery pack upper case and the battery pack lower case are both arranged in a columnar structure, and an outer diameter of the battery pack upper case is the same as an outer diameter of the battery pack lower case.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the battery pack upper case and the battery pack lower case are both made of a heat insulating material.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the heat conductive pipe is made of a copper material.
In order to achieve the second object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that the heat management method of the battery pack comprises the following steps: step a, when a heating requirement exists in a cab, driving a driving device through a central control device, and driving a heat conduction pipe to extend into the cab; and step b, when the heating requirement is not needed in the cab, the heat conduction pipe extends out of the upper shell of the battery pack and the lower shell of the battery pack under the driving of the driving device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the battery pack heat management device and method provided by the invention have the advantages that the structure is simple and ingenious, the heat conduction pipe is arranged and extends into the cab under the driving of the driving device to provide heat for the cab or dissipate heat of the battery pack, the energy can be effectively saved, the safety performance of the battery pack is improved, the personal safety of drivers and passengers is ensured, the use experience of the drivers and passengers is enhanced, and the battery pack heat management device and method are favorable for popularization and application in the technical field of electric vehicles.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the battery pack thermal management device comprises a battery pack upper shell 4 and a battery pack lower shell 5 which are arranged below a vehicle body 3, wherein the battery pack upper shell 4 and the battery pack lower shell 5 are arranged to facilitate the installation of the battery pack, and the stability of the battery pack in the using process is ensured.
At present, the thermal management of a power battery system can be mainly divided into three types, namely air cooling, liquid cooling and natural cooling, wherein the natural cooling and the liquid cooling are mainly used, but the natural cooling has a large influence on the environment and cannot give consideration to the heat dissipation and heat preservation performance; liquid cooling easily produces adverse effect to battery package safety, if the weeping can lead to battery package to take place thermal runaway, endanger driver and crew's personal safety, be unfavorable for above-mentioned cooling method in electric automobile technical field's popularization and application, in order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, through all being hollow structure setting with casing 5 under above-mentioned battery package upper housing 4 and the above-mentioned battery package in this embodiment, and heat pipe 2 has been arranged to cavity inside, still include drive arrangement, above-mentioned drive arrangement is connected and drives above-mentioned heat pipe 2 and stretch out and draw back with well accuse device electricity in the driver's cabin 1, realize the change of temperature on the battery package through flexible heat pipe 2.
The temperature factor has a crucial influence on the performance, the service life and the safety of the power battery. Generally speaking, the battery system is expected to operate in an interval of 15-35 ℃, so that the optimal power output and input, the maximum available energy and the longest cycle life are realized.
In order to reduce the probability of position deviation of the heat conducting pipes 2 in the installation process, axial sealing is adopted between the heat conducting pipes 2 and the upper shell 4 of the battery pack and between the heat conducting pipes 2 and the lower shell 5 of the battery pack, the axial sealing mode can effectively limit the heat conducting pipes 2 to move in the radial direction, the stability and the using effect of the heat conducting pipes 2 are ensured, meanwhile, the influence on the battery pack is reduced, and the service life of the battery pack is ensured.
In order to drive the heat conductive pipes 2, the driving means is installed near the bottom of the heat conductive pipes 2, or directly installed at the bottom of the heat conductive pipes 2, so as to ensure the stability of the heat conductive pipes 2 during the extension and contraction process. In order to facilitate the installation and the up-and-down expansion of the heat conducting pipes 2, the central axis of the upper case 4 of the battery pack and the central axis of the lower case 5 of the battery pack are arranged on the same straight line.
The battery pack upper shell 4 and the battery pack lower shell 5 are both arranged in a columnar structure, the outer diameter of the battery pack upper shell 4 is the same as that of the battery pack lower shell 5, and the influence on automobile accessories around the battery pack is reduced.
The battery pack upper shell 4 and the battery pack lower shell 5 are both made of heat insulating materials, and the heat insulating materials are materials capable of retarding heat flow transmission and are also called heat insulating materials. Conventional thermal insulation materials such as glass fiber, asbestos, rock wool, silicate, etc., and novel thermal insulation materials such as aerogel blankets, vacuum panels, etc. The material or the material composite body for resisting heat flow transmission, which is used for building envelopes or thermal equipment, comprises heat insulation materials and cold insulation materials. The heat insulating material meets the heat environment of building space or thermal equipment on one hand, and saves energy on the other hand.
The heat insulating materials are classified into three types, namely porous materials, heat reflecting materials and vacuum materials, wherein the porous materials are used for insulating heat by utilizing pores contained in the materials, and because the heat conductivity coefficient of air or inert gas in the pores is very low, such as foam materials, fiber materials and the like; the heat reflecting material has high reflection coefficient and can reflect heat out, such as gold, silver, nickel, aluminum foil or metal-plated polyester, polyimide film and the like; the vacuum insulation material is insulated by blocking convection by using internal vacuum of the material. The aerospace industry has stringent requirements for the weight and volume of the heat insulating materials used, and often requires that the heat insulating materials have sound insulation, vibration reduction, corrosion resistance and other properties. The need for insulation varies from aircraft to aircraft. Foam plastics, superfine glass wool, high silicon-oxygen wool and vacuum heat insulation boards are commonly used for heat insulation in an airplane cabin and a cockpit. The heat insulating material for the head of the missile is phenolic foam in the early stage, and with the application of polyurethane foam with good temperature resistance, a single heat insulating material is developed into a sandwich structure. The missile instrument cabin is insulated in such a way that a layer of millimeter-thick foaming coating is coated on the outer skin of the cabin body and is used as an anti-corrosion coating at normal temperature, and when the temperature of pneumatic heating reaches more than 200 ℃, the coating is uniformly foamed to play a role of heat insulation. An artificial earth satellite moves in a high-temperature and low-temperature alternating environment, and a multi-layer heat-insulating material with high reflection performance is required to be used, and generally consists of dozens of layers of aluminum-plated films, aluminum-plated polyester films and aluminum-plated polyimide films. In addition, the development of the surface heat insulation tile successfully solves the heat insulation problem of the space shuttle, and simultaneously marks a higher level of heat insulation material development. The heat insulating material in this embodiment can be selected as needed.
Heat pipe 2 is made by copper material, and the heat conductivity of copper is better relatively, and copper heat absorption is fast, the heat dissipation is also fast, can absorb the temperature on the battery package in a large number in the use, reduces the temperature on the battery package, guarantees battery package thermal management device's cooling effect in this embodiment.
A method of thermal management of a battery pack, comprising the steps of: step a, when a heating requirement exists in a cab 1, driving the driving device through a central control device, and driving a heat conduction pipe 2 to extend into the cab 1; the heat of the battery pack is led into the cab 1 to provide heat for the cab 1, so that the use experience of a user is enhanced; and step b, when the cab 1 does not have a heating requirement, the heat conduction pipes 2 are driven by the driving device to extend out of the upper battery pack shell 4 and the lower battery pack shell 5, namely the heat conduction pipes 2 extend out towards the ground 6, and the heat of the battery pack is taken away through the external environment of the battery pack, so that the purpose of cooling the battery pack is achieved.
Compared with the traditional battery pack heat management mode, the battery pack heat management device in the embodiment solves the thermal runaway risk possibly caused by leakage of the internal cooling liquid, and increases the safety of the battery pack.
In the embodiment, the heat management device and the heat management method for the battery pack are simple and ingenious in structure, the heat conduction pipes 2 are arranged, and extend into the cab under the driving of the driving device, so that heat is provided for the cab or the battery pack is cooled, energy can be effectively saved, the safety performance of the battery pack is improved, the personal safety of drivers and passengers is ensured, the use experience of the drivers and passengers is enhanced, and the popularization and the application of the heat management device and the heat management method for the battery pack in the technical field of electric vehicles are facilitated.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention; thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Although the reference numerals in the figures are used more here: 1. a cab; 2. a heat conduction pipe; 3. a vehicle body; 4. the battery pack is provided with a shell; 5. a battery pack lower case; 6. ground, etc., without excluding the possibility of using other terms. These terms are used merely to more conveniently describe and explain the nature of the present invention; they are to be construed as being without limitation to the spirit of the present invention.