CN113182523B - Method for preparing diamond cutter teeth through high-temperature press sintering - Google Patents
Method for preparing diamond cutter teeth through high-temperature press sintering Download PDFInfo
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- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/10—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing cobalt
- C22C38/105—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing cobalt containing Co and Ni
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- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F2005/001—Cutting tools, earth boring or grinding tool other than table ware
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- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing diamond cutter teeth by high-temperature pressing, which adopts secondary warm pressing to improve the density, does not need to add forming agent and lubricant, and is prepared into low-density blank pressing blocks with the density of 50-60% by primary cold pressing, and high-density blank pressing blocks with the density of 95-98% by secondary warm pressing; the method avoids sintering by using a high-purity graphite die, simultaneously solves the problem that a welding layer is easy to oxidize by adopting a reducing atmosphere sintering method, thereby avoiding the process complexity and the subsequent carbon residue problem caused by adding a forming agent, has extremely low loss to the warm-pressing steel die by adopting the temperature during secondary warm-pressing forming, has various complicated shape patterns, and automatically takes out the high-density blank-forming pressing block from the warm-pressing steel die one by one after forming, then enters the reducing atmosphere sintering, and is freely sintered for heating; the invention has the advantages of simple operation, high production efficiency, excellent performance, high dimensional precision, environmental protection, safety, energy saving, consumption reduction and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of powder metallurgy, in particular to a method for preparing a diamond cutter tooth through high-temperature press sintering.
Background
With the advance of science and technology and the development of economy, the performance requirements of materials are higher and higher, and the organic combination of the development of new materials and advanced technology is more and more important. The powder metallurgy technology has the characteristics of high efficiency, energy conservation, less cutting and no cutting, and can be used for producing materials and parts with special performance which are difficult to produce by other methods. In powder metallurgy technology, the cost of producing parts of various shapes by conventional, room temperature pressing, while relatively low, is limited in its ability to increase the density of the product; in the conventional cold pressing sintering, because the secondary pressing cannot achieve higher density, the sintering is carried out in a reducing atmosphere, when metallurgical bonding and element diffusion homogenization are realized, a micro thermal expansion and cold contraction effect can occur, so that the radian is changed, the arc measurement and selection treatment is more complicated in the later stage, and the arc grinding treatment is required due to the mismatching of radians; the high-density powder metallurgy parts can be manufactured by re-pressing and re-sintering, but the shapes of the parts are limited, and the cost is high; powder forging can produce powder metallurgy parts that are close to and achieve full densification, but at a cost that is too high.
High temperature pressing is a technique that combines increased density with the selection of materials with high performance properties. The improvement of the density is beneficial to improving the mechanical property and the whole use performance of the part, the combination of materials with high density and high use performance can ensure that the use performance of the part exceeds that of a corresponding forging material, and meanwhile, the part with the final size and shape is directly manufactured, thereby greatly reducing the production cost of the part. The warm compaction technology of metal powder is suitable for the development trend of high density, low cost and easy precision forming of powder products, and has made great progress in recent years.
In the prior art, the reduction hot-press molding method for preparing the diamond segment comprises the steps of taking metal simple substance powder and/or pre-alloy powder required by a formula and diamond, uniformly mixing and then carrying out die pressing; after being put into a high-purity graphite mould, the high-density diamond agglomerates are formed at high temperature and high pressure by a resistance heating mode. The conventional hot pressing process can adopt a high-purity graphite die, the cost is high, the high-purity graphite is a national strategic material, the use rejection rate of the high-purity graphite is 100 percent when a processed product is in a complex form due to high-temperature sintering of the graphite, the service life of the graphite subjected to oxidation is about 5 times due to high-temperature sintering of the graphite when the processed product is in a conventional form, the size is changed along with the abrasion of the use times of the die, burrs are generated by accumulated materials under high pressure, namely the scrapping of the materials cannot meet the size requirement, arc grinding treatment is required to be carried out due to the sintering of the graphite, and otherwise, the welding strength is influenced;
in the prior art, a warm pressing steel die can be adopted in the conventional hot pressing process, and in a patent CN102350501A, the reduction hot pressing forming method for preparing the diamond segment comprises the steps of taking metal simple substance powder and/or pre-alloy powder and diamond required by a formula, uniformly mixing and then carrying out die pressing; and putting the mixture into a high-temperature resistant die, sintering the mixture in a reducing atmosphere, and then performing hot pressing to form the diamond segment. "however, the technical problems that are brought about are: when high-temperature and high-pressure sintering is carried out in a reducing atmosphere, very large loss is caused to a warm-pressing steel die, and particularly for some warm-pressing steel dies with complex shapes (such as 1mm corrugated shapes, engraved patterns and the like), firstly, the manufacturing and processing cost is high, secondly, the more complex the shape, the shorter the service life is, the waste is caused, and the economic finished products are increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the method for preparing the diamond cutter tooth through high-temperature press sintering, and the method has the advantages of simplicity in operation, high production efficiency, excellent performance, high dimensional precision, environmental friendliness, safety, energy conservation, consumption reduction and the like.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for preparing a diamond cutter tooth through high-temperature press sintering comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing raw materials: uniformly mixing Fe, cu, sn, ni, co, wc, zn and Mn elemental metal powder in proportion to obtain mixed metal powder P 1 Then P is added 1 Adding into diamond, and mixing to obtain mixed powder P 2 ；
S2: cold press molding: pairing the mixed powder P in step S1 by a cold-pressing die 2 Compacting to obtain low-density blank-forming briquettes with the density of 50-65%;
s3: secondary hot press molding: coating a high-temperature-resistant release agent on the surface of the low-density briquettes in the step S2, putting the low-density briquettes in a warm-pressing steel mold, heating and applying pressure, preserving heat for a period of time, pressing the high-density briquettes with the density of 95-98%, and gradually and automatically removing the high-density briquettes from the warm-pressing steel mold;
s4: sintering in a reducing atmosphere: placing the high-density blank-forming pressed block in the step S3 into a reducing atmosphere sintering furnace, freely sintering and heating for a period of time, and slowly cooling to room temperature;
s5: and (3) post-treatment: and carrying out sand blasting treatment on the sintered high-density blank-forming pressing block and finally processing to prepare the diamond cutter tooth.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: in the step S1, the weight percentages of Fe, cu, sn, ni, co, wc, zn and Mn metal simple substance powder are respectively Fe:25 to 40wt%, cu:20 to 35wt%, sn:1 to 5wt%, ni:5 to 15wt%, co:5 to 15wt%, wc:0.5 to 3wt%, zn:1.2 to 4wt%, mn:0.8 to 3 weight percent.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the diamond and the mixed powder P in the step S1 2 The ratio of (A) to (B) is in the range of 1 to 5/100.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the temperature and the pressure of the cold pressing molding in the step S2 are respectively 150-400MPa.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the high-temperature-resistant release agent in the step S3 is any one of graphite emulsion, molybdenum disulfide and hexagonal boron nitride.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: in the step S3, the heating temperature is 550-750 ℃, the pressure is 100-500Mpa, and the heat preservation and pressure maintaining time is 5-40S.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: in the step S4, the heating temperature in the reducing atmosphere sintering furnace is 850-950 ℃, and the heating time is 1-4h.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the technical progress that:
1. compared with a graphite die resistance heating high-temperature high-pressure sintering mode, the method adopts secondary warm pressing to improve the density, does not need to add a forming agent and a lubricating agent, and is used for preparing low-density blank-forming pressing blocks with the density of 50-60% by primary cold pressing and preparing high-density blank-forming pressing blocks with the density of 95-98% by secondary warm pressing; the method avoids sintering by using a high-purity graphite mold, and simultaneously solves the problem that a welding layer is easy to oxidize by adopting a reducing atmosphere sintering method, thereby avoiding the process complexity and subsequent carbon residue problem caused by adding a forming agent, and having the advantages of simple operation, high production efficiency, excellent performance, high size precision, environmental protection, safety, energy conservation, consumption reduction and the like; the loss of the temperature-to-warm-pressing steel mold adopted during secondary warm-pressing molding is very low, the secondary warm-pressing steel mold has various complicated-shape patterns, the molded high-density blank-forming pressing block is gradually and automatically separated from the warm-pressing steel mold, and then the blank-forming pressing block enters a reducing atmosphere for sintering, and free sintering (without a mold or pressurization) is carried out for heating;
2. this patent application is in the diffusion alloying of reducing atmosphere sintering stage, in this process, low melting point element Sn, the infiltration degree of even diffusion extension to other high melting point element Co after Zn melts, cu, ni and diamond, the sword tooth is along with the rising of sintering temperature and pressure, because the evaporation of metal powder material is condensed, the volume diffusion, surface diffusion, and effects such as interface diffusion, powder particle size increases, heating time is shorter simultaneously, powder particle size can not excessively increase, make the sword tooth sintered body more exquisite even, the porosity reduces gradually, thereby the density increases gradually, this kind of diffusion alloying technology makes alloying element distribute in whole material very evenly, thereby can control the diamond sword tooth relative density who obtains more accurately at 95% -98%, stability is very good, be fit for batch production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of the actual thickness of 10 sets of diamond cutter teeth measured in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the actual density of 10 diamond cutter teeth measured in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the ratio of actual density to theoretical density of 10 sets of diamond cutter teeth measured in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the actual thickness of 10 sets of diamond cutter teeth measured in comparative example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the actual density of 10 sets of diamond cutter teeth measured in comparative example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the ratio of actual density to theoretical density of 10 sets of diamond cutter teeth measured in comparative example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the actual thickness of 10 sets of diamond cutter teeth measured in comparative example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the actual density of 10 sets of diamond cutter teeth measured in comparative example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a graph of the ratio of actual density to theoretical density of 10 diamond blade teeth measured in comparative example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples:
a method for preparing a diamond cutter tooth through high-temperature press sintering comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing raw materials: uniformly mixing Fe, cu, sn, ni, co, wc, zn and Mn elemental metal powder in proportion to obtain mixed metal powder P 1 The weight percentages of Fe, cu, sn, ni, co, wc, zn and Mn metal elementary powder are respectively Fe:25 to 40wt%, cu:20 to 35wt%, sn:1 to 5wt%, ni:5 to 15wt%, co:5 to 15wt%, wc:0.5 to 3wt%, zn:1.2 to 4wt%, mn:0.8 to 3 weight percent; then P is added 1 Adding into diamond, and mixing to obtain mixed powder P 2 Diamond and mixed powder P 2 The ratio range of (A) is 1-5/100;
s2: cold press molding: pairing the mixed powder P in step S1 by cold pressing a die 2 Compacting, wherein the cold press molding is carried out at room temperature and under the pressure of 150-400MPa, and the obtained product is pressed into a low-density blank-forming pressure block with the density of 50-65%;
s3: secondary hot press molding: coating a high-temperature-resistant release agent on the surface of the low-density briquettes in the step S2, wherein the high-temperature-resistant release agent is any one of graphite emulsion, molybdenum disulfide and hexagonal boron nitride, then placing the low-density briquettes in a warm-pressing steel mold for heating, setting a forming temperature according to the high-temperature softening points of Fe, cu, sn, ni, co, wc, zn and Mn in metal powder, heating the low-density briquettes to 550-750 ℃, applying pressure at 100-500Mpa, keeping the temperature and the pressure for 5-40S, pressing the low-density briquettes into high-density briquettes with the density of 95-98%, and gradually and automatically releasing the warm-pressing steel mold from the high-density briquettes;
s4: sintering in a reducing atmosphere: placing the high-density blank-forming pressed block in the step S3 into a reducing atmosphere sintering furnace for free sintering (without a die or pressurization), wherein the heating temperature is 850-950 ℃, the heating time is 1-4h, and then slowly cooling to room temperature;
s5: and (3) post-treatment: and carrying out sand blasting treatment on the sintered high-density blank-forming pressing block and finally processing to prepare the diamond cutter tooth.
Example 1:
the theoretical thickness is 3.2mm and the theoretical density is 7.9g/cm 3 The diamond cutter tooth comprises the following specific steps:
s1: 10 sets of the same raw materials were prepared: uniformly mixing Fe, cu, sn, ni, co, wc, zn and Mn elemental metal powder in proportion to obtain mixed metal powder P 1 The weight percentages of Fe, cu, sn, ni, co, wc, zn and Mn metal elementary substance powder are respectively Fe:35wt%, cu:30wt%, sn:5wt%, ni:10wt%, co:10wt%, wc:3wt%, zn:4wt%, mn:3wt%; then P is added 1 Adding into diamond, and mixing to obtain mixed powder P 2 And the diamond and the mixed powder P in the step S1 2 The ratio of (A) to (B) is in the range of 1.5/100. (ii) a
S2: cold press molding: all 10 groups of the same raw materials are passed through a cold pressing die to mix the powder P in the step S1 2 Compacting, wherein the cold press molding temperature is room temperature, the pressure is 250MPa, and 10 low-density blank-forming press blocks with the density fluctuation range of 60-65% are pressed;
s3: secondary hot press molding: coating a high-temperature-resistant release agent on the surfaces of the 10 low-density briquettes in the step S2, putting the graphite emulsion as the high-temperature-resistant release agent into a warm-pressing steel mold, heating to 680 ℃, applying pressure, keeping the pressure at 200MPa for 20S, pressing into 10 high-density briquettes with the density of 95-97% of the density fluctuation range, and gradually and automatically releasing the warm-pressing steel mold;
s4: sintering in a reducing atmosphere: placing the 10 high-density briquettes in the step S3 in a reducing atmosphere sintering furnace for free sintering (without a die or pressurization), wherein the heating temperature is 920 ℃, the heating time is 3.3 hours, and then slowly cooling to room temperature;
s5: and (3) post-treatment: and carrying out sand blasting treatment on the sintered high-density blank-forming pressing block and finally processing to prepare the diamond cutter tooth.
The actual thickness of 10 groups of the same raw materials of the diamond cutter teeth measured by the steps is shown in figure 1, the actual density is shown in figure 2, and the ratio of the actual density to the theoretical density is shown in figure 3, which can be seen from figures 1 to 3: the actual thickness and the actual density fluctuation range of the diamond cutter tooth finally prepared from 10 groups of same raw materials by the test method disclosed by the patent are small, the ratio of the actual density to the theoretical density is 95-98%, the design requirement is met, the warm pressing steel die is small in damage, the cost is saved, and the method is suitable for batch production.
Comparative example 1:
the theoretical thickness is 3.2mm and the theoretical density is 7.9g/cm 3 The specific steps of the diamond cutter tooth are as follows, and the difference from the example 1 is only that: after 10 high-density green compact pressing blocks with the density of 60-65% are pressed in the step S2, the 10 high-density green compact pressing blocks with the density of 60-65% are placed into a warm-pressing steel die in the step S2, and then the high-density green compact pressing blocks are added into a reducing atmosphere for sintering, the heating temperature is 920 ℃, the pressure is 200MPa, and the high-temperature high-pressure sintering is carried out.
Since the warm pressing steel mold is damaged greatly when the temperature exceeds 750 ℃ again, the warm pressing steel mold in the comparative example 1 is damaged greatly when the temperature is 920 ℃ and 200MPa, the actual thickness of the diamond cutter tooth measured by the above steps is shown in fig. 4 and the actual density is shown in fig. 5 for 10 groups of the same raw materials, the ratio of the actual density to the theoretical density is shown in fig. 6, and it can be seen from fig. 4 to 6 that: the fluctuation range of the actual thickness and the actual density of the finally prepared diamond cutter tooth in the comparative example 1 is large, the ratio of the actual density to the theoretical density is 93-98%, the influence of the sintering quantity is caused, and the quality stability is poorer when the sintering quantity is more. Although the design requirement is met, the economic benefit brought by the warm pressing steel die is obviously reduced.
Comparative example 2: the theoretical thickness is 3.2mm and the theoretical density is 7.9g/cm 3 The specific steps of the diamond cutter tooth of (1) are different from those of the embodiment 1 only in that: the cold pressing density in the step S2 is 50%Directly putting 65% of low-density blank-forming briquettes into reducing atmosphere sintering for free (without a die or pressure) sintering, wherein the heating temperature is 920 ℃, the heating time is 3.3 hours, and then slowly cooling to room temperature;
the actual thickness of 10 groups of the same raw materials of the diamond cutter tooth measured by the steps is shown in fig. 7, the actual density is shown in fig. 8, and the ratio of the actual density to the theoretical density is shown in fig. 9, and can be seen from fig. 7 to 9: the diamond cutter tooth finally prepared in the comparative example 2 has large fluctuation range of actual thickness and actual density, has large difference with theoretical thickness and theoretical density, has the ratio of the actual density to the theoretical density of 60-75 percent, does not meet the design requirement, and cannot be produced in batch.
Claims (5)
1. A method for preparing diamond cutter teeth through high-temperature press sintering is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing raw materials: uniformly mixing Fe, cu, sn, ni, co, zn and Mn elemental metal powder and compound WC according to a proportion to obtain mixed metal powder P 1 Then P is added 1 Adding into diamond, and mixing to obtain mixed powder P 2 ；
S2: cold press molding: pairing the mixed powder P in step S1 by a cold-pressing die 2 Compacting to obtain a low-density blank-forming briquette with the ratio of the actual density to the theoretical density of 50-65%;
s3: secondary warm pressing and forming: coating a high-temperature-resistant release agent on the surface of the low-density blank-forming pressing block in the step S2, then placing the low-density blank-forming pressing block into a warm pressing steel die for heating and applying pressure, keeping the temperature for a period of time, wherein the heating temperature is 550-750 ℃, the pressure is 100-500Mpa, the heat-preservation and pressure-maintaining time is 5-40S, pressing the low-density blank-forming pressing block into a high-density blank-forming pressing block with the ratio of the actual density to the theoretical density of 95% -98%, and gradually and automatically removing the warm pressing steel die from the high-density blank-forming pressing block;
s4: sintering in a reducing atmosphere: placing the high-density blank-forming pressed block in the step S3 into a reducing atmosphere sintering furnace, freely sintering and heating for a period of time, and slowly cooling to room temperature;
s5: and (3) post-treatment: and carrying out sand blasting treatment on the sintered high-density blank-forming pressing block, and finally processing to obtain the diamond cutter tooth.
2. The method for manufacturing a diamond cutter tooth by high-temperature press firing according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S1, the weight percentages of Fe, cu, sn, ni, co, zn and Mn metal elementary substance powder and a compound WC are respectively Fe:25 to 40wt%, cu:20 to 35wt%, sn:1 to 5wt%, ni:5 to 15wt%, co: 5-15 wt%, zn:1.2 to 4wt%, mn:0.8 to 3wt%, WC:0.5 to 3 weight percent.
3. The method for manufacturing a diamond cutter tooth by high-temperature press firing according to claim 1, wherein: the temperature of cold press molding in the step S2 is room temperature, and the pressure is 150-400MPa.
4. The method for manufacturing a diamond cutter tooth by high-temperature press firing according to claim 1, wherein: and the high-temperature-resistant release agent in the step S3 is any one of graphite emulsion, molybdenum disulfide and hexagonal boron nitride.
5. The method for manufacturing a diamond cutter tooth by high-temperature press firing according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S4, the heating temperature in the reducing atmosphere sintering furnace is 850-950 ℃, and the heating time is 1-4h.
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1059303A (en) * | 1991-10-11 | 1992-03-11 | 胡长安 | The production technology of powder metallurgy for mechanical structure parts |
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| CN111961938A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2020-11-20 | 成都世佳环净科技有限公司 | Application of pure iron-based matrix to preparation of diamond tool bit and preparation method of diamond tool bit |
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2021
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| CN105039824A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-11-11 | 安泰科技股份有限公司 | Circular diamond saw blade bit and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN110253023A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-09-20 | 阳江市天骄家庭用品制造有限公司 | A kind of kitchen knife and its manufacturing method with diamond |
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