CN113179132B - Optical Fourier transform chip and system - Google Patents
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Abstract
本申请实施例提供的光傅里叶变换芯片及系统，应用于芯片技术领域，包括多个光学谐振腔和耦合器，各所述光学谐振腔并联排布，所述光学谐振腔包括谐振环、移相器；针对任一所述光学谐振腔，所述谐振环的输出端与所述移相器的输入端相连接；所述移相器的输出端与所述耦合器的输入端相连接，其中，当I≥2时，第I个耦合器输入端与第I‑1个耦合器的输出端和第I+1个移相器的输出端相连接，当I＝1时，第1个耦合器的输入端与第1个和第2个移相器的输出端。不但可以进行傅里叶变换，并且由于其仅仅包括多个光学谐振腔和耦合器，因此，其体积可以大大减小，从而降低色散元件的重量，降低能耗，提高效率。
The optical Fourier transform chip and system provided by the embodiments of the present application are applied in the field of chip technology, and include a plurality of optical resonators and couplers, each of which is arranged in parallel, and the optical resonators include a resonant ring, A phase shifter; for any one of the optical resonators, the output end of the resonant ring is connected to the input end of the phase shifter; the output end of the phase shifter is connected to the input end of the coupler , where, when I≥2, the input end of the 1th coupler is connected to the output end of the 1st coupler and the output end of the 1st+1th phase shifter, and when I=1, the 1st The input of the first coupler and the output of the first and second phase shifters. Not only can Fourier transform be performed, but because it only includes multiple optical resonators and couplers, its volume can be greatly reduced, thereby reducing the weight of dispersive elements, reducing energy consumption and improving efficiency.
Description
技术领域technical field
本申请涉及芯片技术领域，特别是涉及一种光傅里叶变换芯片及系统。The present application relates to the field of chip technology, and in particular, to an optical Fourier transform chip and system.
背景技术Background technique
在通信、军事雷达、电子战等诸多领域，在进行信息处理过程中，往往会通过傅里叶变换获取信号频率信息。传统的基于电子的傅里叶变换方法受限于模数转换器的采样速率和数字信号处理的能力，当数据量提升时，常常伴随巨大的处理延时，因此难以完成对宽带信号的测量。光学傅里叶变换，作为一种新兴的频率测量手段。可以利用不同频率的光在色散介质中传播速度不同的特性，来实现傅里叶变换，而并不需要数字信号处理，因此频谱获取的速度大大加快。In communication, military radar, electronic warfare and many other fields, in the process of information processing, signal frequency information is often obtained through Fourier transform. The traditional electronic-based Fourier transform method is limited by the sampling rate of the analog-to-digital converter and the capability of digital signal processing. When the amount of data increases, it is often accompanied by a huge processing delay, so it is difficult to complete the measurement of broadband signals. Optical Fourier Transform, as an emerging frequency measurement method. Fourier transform can be realized by utilizing the different propagation speed of light of different frequencies in dispersive medium without digital signal processing, so the speed of spectrum acquisition is greatly accelerated.
然而，现有的光学傅里叶变换中，色散元件一般由光纤、光纤光栅或者其他基于空间衍射的结构来实现。而这些色散元件通常体积较大，损耗较高，传输延时较大，效率较低。However, in the existing optical Fourier transform, the dispersive elements are generally realized by optical fibers, fiber gratings or other structures based on spatial diffraction. These dispersive components are usually larger in size, higher in loss, larger in propagation delay, and lower in efficiency.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本申请实施例的目的在于提供一种光傅里叶变换芯片及系统，用以解决现有技术中色散元件的效率低的问题。具体技术方案如下：The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide an optical Fourier transform chip and system to solve the problem of low efficiency of dispersion elements in the prior art. The specific technical solutions are as follows:
本申请实施例的第一方面，首先提供了一种光傅里叶变换芯片，所述光傅里叶变换芯片包括多个光学谐振腔和耦合器，各所述光学谐振腔并联排布，所述光学谐振腔包括谐振环、移相器；In the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application, an optical Fourier transform chip is firstly provided. The optical Fourier transform chip includes a plurality of optical resonators and couplers, and the optical resonators are arranged in parallel, so that the The optical resonant cavity includes a resonant ring and a phase shifter;
针对任一所述光学谐振腔，所述谐振环的输出端与所述移相器的输入端相连接；For any one of the optical resonators, the output end of the resonant ring is connected to the input end of the phase shifter;
所述移相器的输出端与所述耦合器的输入端相连接，其中，当I≥2时，第I个耦合器输入端与第I-1个耦合器的输出端和第I+1个移相器的输出端相连接，当I＝1时，第1个耦合器的输入端与第1个和第2个移相器的输出端。The output end of the phase shifter is connected to the input end of the coupler, wherein, when I≥2, the input end of the 1th coupler is connected to the output end of the 1-1th coupler and the 1+1th coupler. The output terminals of the phase shifters are connected to each other. When I=1, the input terminal of the first coupler is connected to the output terminals of the first and second phase shifters.
可选的，所述移相器的相位变化分别为：Optionally, the phase changes of the phase shifters are:
其中，M∈N，N为大于2的正整数。Among them, M∈N, N is a positive integer greater than 2.
可选的，所述耦合器的耦合系数分别为：Optionally, the coupling coefficients of the couplers are:
其中，t直通,k代表第k个耦合器直通臂光场的耦合系数，t耦合,k代表第k个耦合器耦合臂光场的耦合系数，j是虚数单位。Among them, tthrough,k represents the coupling coefficient of the optical field of the through-arm of the kth coupler, tcoupling,k represents the coupling coefficient of the optical field of the coupling arm of the kth coupler, and j is an imaginary unit.
可选的，所述芯片用于接收啁啾光脉冲，并通过色散将中心频率不同的啁啾光脉冲分开，其中，所述色散过程中的色散值为：
本申请实施例的第二方面，还提供了一种光傅里叶变换系统，所述系统包括：啁啾光脉冲产生模块、射频信号调制模块、光傅里叶变换芯片、光电探测器、示波器；In a second aspect of the embodiments of the present application, an optical Fourier transform system is also provided. The system includes: a chirped optical pulse generation module, a radio frequency signal modulation module, an optical Fourier transform chip, a photodetector, and an oscilloscope. ;
所述啁啾光脉冲产生模块，用于将射频啁啾光脉冲调制在单波长光信号上，并滤出目标啁啾光脉冲；The chirped optical pulse generating module is used to modulate the radio frequency chirped optical pulse on a single-wavelength optical signal, and filter out the target chirped optical pulse;
所述射频信号调制模块，用于将射频信号调制在目标啁啾光脉冲上；The radio frequency signal modulation module is used to modulate the radio frequency signal on the target chirped light pulse;
所述光傅里叶变换芯片，用于接收所述目标啁啾光脉冲，并通过色散将中心频率不同的啁啾光脉冲分开；The optical Fourier transform chip is used to receive the target chirped light pulse, and separate the chirped light pulses with different center frequencies through dispersion;
所述光电探测器，用于对色散后的啁啾光脉冲进行探测，并将探测到的光信号转化为电信号；The photodetector is used to detect the chirped optical pulse after dispersion, and convert the detected optical signal into an electrical signal;
所述示波器，用于对转化后的电信号进行显示。The oscilloscope is used to display the converted electrical signal.
可选的，所述啁啾光脉冲产生模块，包括：Optionally, the chirped optical pulse generating module includes:
单波光源子模块，用于产生单波光源信号；Single-wave light source sub-module, used to generate single-wave light source signal;
电光调制器，用于将接收啁啾光脉冲并调制到所述单波光源信号中；an electro-optic modulator, used for receiving and modulating the chirped light pulse into the single-wave light source signal;
光滤波器，用于从所述单波光源信号中滤出目标啁啾光脉冲。The optical filter is used for filtering out the target chirped light pulse from the single-wave light source signal.
可选的，所述射频信号调制模块，包括：Optionally, the radio frequency signal modulation module includes:
第一光耦合器，用于接收所述光滤波器滤出目标啁啾光脉冲，进行光耦合并发射到载波抑制单边带调制器和第二光耦合器中；a first optical coupler, configured to receive the target chirped optical pulse filtered out by the optical filter, perform optical coupling, and transmit it to the carrier-suppressed single-sideband modulator and the second optical coupler;
所述载波抑制单边带调制器，用于接收并对待测射频信号和光耦合后的啁啾光脉冲进行载波抑制单边带调制；The carrier suppression single sideband modulator is used for receiving and performing carrier suppression single sideband modulation on the RF signal to be tested and the optically coupled chirped optical pulse;
所述第二光耦合器，用于接收并对所述第一光耦合器发射的光耦合后的啁啾光脉冲和所述载波抑制单边带调制器发射的调制后的啁啾光脉冲进行光耦合。The second optical coupler is configured to receive and perform the optically coupled chirped optical pulse transmitted by the first optical coupler and the modulated chirped optical pulse transmitted by the carrier-suppressed single-sideband modulator. Optical coupling.
可选的，所述光傅里叶变换芯片，具体用于接收所述第二光耦合器发射的耦合后的啁啾光脉冲，并通过色散将中心频率不同的啁啾光脉冲分开。Optionally, the optical Fourier transform chip is specifically configured to receive the coupled chirped light pulses emitted by the second optical coupler, and separate the chirped light pulses with different center frequencies through dispersion.
本申请实施例有益效果：Beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present application:
本申请实施例提供的光傅里叶变换芯片及系统，包括多个光学谐振腔和耦合器，各所述光学谐振腔并联排布，所述光学谐振腔包括谐振环、移相器；针对任一所述光学谐振腔，所述谐振环的输出端与所述移相器的输入端相连接；所述移相器的输出端与所述耦合器的输入端相连接，其中，当I≥2时，第I个耦合器输入端与第I-1个耦合器的输出端和第I+1个移相器的输出端相连接，当I＝1时，第1个耦合器的输入端与第1个和第2个移相器的输出端。不但可以进行傅里叶变换，并且由于其仅仅包括多个光学谐振腔和耦合器，因此，其体积可以大大减小，从而降低色散元件的重量，降低能耗，提高效率。The optical Fourier transform chip and system provided by the embodiments of the present application include a plurality of optical resonators and couplers, each of the optical resonators is arranged in parallel, and the optical resonators include a resonant ring and a phase shifter; for any 1. the optical resonant cavity, the output end of the resonant ring is connected with the input end of the phase shifter; the output end of the phase shifter is connected with the input end of the coupler, wherein, when I ≥ 2, the input end of the 1th coupler is connected with the output end of the 1st coupler and the output end of the 1st phase shifter. When I=1, the input end of the 1st coupler is connected with the outputs of the 1st and 2nd phase shifters. Not only can Fourier transform be performed, but because it only includes multiple optical resonators and couplers, its volume can be greatly reduced, thereby reducing the weight of dispersive elements, reducing energy consumption, and improving efficiency.
当然，实施本申请的任一产品或方法并不一定需要同时达到以上所述的所有优点。Of course, implementing any product or method of the present application does not necessarily require achieving all of the advantages described above at the same time.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的实施例。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other embodiments can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
图1为本申请实施例提供的光傅里叶变换芯片的一种结构示意图；1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical Fourier transform chip provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图2为本申请实施例提供的光傅里叶变换系统的一种结构示意图；2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical Fourier transform system provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图3a为本申请实施例提供的级联光谐振腔的强度响应的局部放大图；Fig. 3a is a partial enlarged view of the intensity response of the cascaded optical resonator provided by the embodiment of the present application;
图3b为本申请实施例提供的级联光谐振腔的强度响应图；FIG. 3b is an intensity response diagram of a cascaded optical resonator provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图3c为本申请实施例提供的级联光谐振腔在光傅里叶变换芯片设计带宽内的强度响应图；Fig. 3c is an intensity response diagram of the cascaded optical resonator provided in the embodiment of the application within the design bandwidth of the optical Fourier transform chip;
图3d为本申请实施例提供的光傅里叶变换芯片的相频特性示意图；FIG. 3d is a schematic diagram of a phase-frequency characteristic of an optical Fourier transform chip provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图3e为本申请实施例提供的光傅里叶变换芯片的相频特性示意图的局部放大图。FIG. 3e is a partial enlarged view of a schematic diagram of a phase-frequency characteristic of an optical Fourier transform chip provided by an embodiment of the present application.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员基于本申请所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on this application fall within the protection scope of this application.
目前，光学傅里叶变换中的色散元件往往由光纤、光纤光栅或者其他基于空间衍射的结构来实现。一方面，该类色散元件难以实现大的色散，从而使得光傅里叶变换中频率分辨率受到限制，频率分辨率通常劣于GHz。另一方面，该类色散元件通常体积较大，损耗较高，传输延时较大，在目前的工艺中，难以集成。光学傅里叶变换中所需要的大色散器件难以得到满足。At present, the dispersive elements in the optical Fourier transform are often realized by optical fibers, fiber gratings or other structures based on spatial diffraction. On the one hand, it is difficult for this type of dispersive element to achieve large dispersion, so that the frequency resolution in the optical Fourier transform is limited, and the frequency resolution is usually inferior to GHz. On the other hand, such dispersive components are usually bulky, have high losses, and have large propagation delays, and are difficult to integrate in current processes. The large dispersion device required in the optical Fourier transform is difficult to meet.
为了解决上述问题，本申请实施例的第一方面，首先提供了一种光傅里叶变换芯片，光傅里叶变换芯片包括多个光学谐振腔和耦合器，各光学谐振腔并联排布，光学谐振腔包括谐振环、移相器；In order to solve the above problem, the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application first provides an optical Fourier transform chip, the optical Fourier transform chip includes a plurality of optical resonators and couplers, and the optical resonators are arranged in parallel, The optical resonant cavity includes a resonant ring and a phase shifter;
针对任一光学谐振腔，谐振环的输出端与移相器的输入端相连接；For any optical resonant cavity, the output end of the resonant ring is connected with the input end of the phase shifter;
移相器的输出端与耦合器的输入端相连接，其中，当I≥2时，第I个耦合器输入端与第I-1个耦合器的输出端和第I+1个移相器的输出端相连接，当I＝1时，第1个耦合器的输入端与第1个和第2个移相器的输出端。The output end of the phase shifter is connected with the input end of the coupler, wherein, when I ≥ 2, the input end of the I th coupler is connected to the output end of the I-1 th coupler and the I+1 th phase shifter The output terminals of the 1 are connected to each other. When I=1, the input terminal of the first coupler is connected to the output terminals of the first and second phase shifters.
可见，通过本申请实施例提供的光傅里叶变换芯片及系统，不但可以进行傅里叶变换，并且由于其仅仅包括多个光学谐振腔和耦合器，因此，其体积可以大大减小，从而降低色散元件的重量，降低能耗，提高效率。It can be seen that with the optical Fourier transform chip and system provided in the embodiments of the present application, not only the Fourier transform can be performed, but also because it only includes a plurality of optical resonators and couplers, its volume can be greatly reduced, thereby Reduce the weight of dispersive components, reduce energy consumption, and improve efficiency.
具体的，参见图1，图1为本申请实施例提供的光傅里叶变换芯片的一种结构示意图。本申请实施例的光傅里叶变换芯片包括多个光学谐振腔和耦合器，各光学谐振腔并联排布，光学谐振腔包括谐振环、移相器；Specifically, referring to FIG. 1 , FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical Fourier transform chip provided by an embodiment of the present application. The optical Fourier transform chip of the embodiment of the present application includes a plurality of optical resonators and couplers, each optical resonator is arranged in parallel, and the optical resonator includes a resonator ring and a phase shifter;
针对任一光学谐振腔，谐振环的输出端与移相器的输入端相连接；For any optical resonant cavity, the output end of the resonant ring is connected with the input end of the phase shifter;
移相器的输出端与耦合器的输入端相连接，其中，当I≥2时，第I个耦合器输入端与第I-1个耦合器的输出端和第I+1个移相器的输出端相连接，当I＝1时，第1个耦合器的输入端与第1个和第2个移相器的输出端。The output end of the phase shifter is connected with the input end of the coupler, wherein, when I ≥ 2, the input end of the I th coupler is connected to the output end of the I-1 th coupler and the I+1 th phase shifter The output terminals of the 1 are connected to each other. When I=1, the input terminal of the first coupler is connected to the output terminals of the first and second phase shifters.
其中，上述光学谐振腔通常可以为光波在其中来回反射从而提供光能反馈的空腔。上述谐振环为两端反射振动波的谐振结构。上述移相器为测量光脉冲信号相位变化的仪器。上述耦合器可以为一种以光为媒介传输信号的转换器件。Wherein, the above-mentioned optical resonant cavity may generally be a cavity in which light waves are reflected back and forth to provide light energy feedback. The above-mentioned resonant ring is a resonant structure in which vibration waves are reflected at both ends. The above-mentioned phase shifter is an instrument for measuring the phase change of the optical pulse signal. The above-mentioned coupler may be a conversion device that transmits signals by using light as a medium.
其中，光傅里叶变换芯片由一系列的光学谐振腔并联而成，可以等效成一个光学谐振腔。在这个等效的谐振腔中，每个透射谱的强度响应和相位响应都可以通过耦合器和相移器来单独控制。通过设计各个腔的响应特性，使得光芯片能够满足不同场合下的需求。Among them, the optical Fourier transform chip is formed by a series of optical resonant cavities in parallel, which can be equivalent to an optical resonant cavity. In this equivalent resonator, the intensity response and phase response of each transmission spectrum can be individually controlled by couplers and phase shifters. By designing the response characteristics of each cavity, the optical chip can meet the needs of different occasions.
可见，通过本申请实施例提供的光傅里叶变换芯片及系统，不但可以进行傅里叶变换，并且由于其仅仅包括多个光学谐振腔和耦合器，因此，其体积可以大大减小，从而降低色散元件的重量，降低能耗，提高效率。It can be seen that with the optical Fourier transform chip and system provided in the embodiments of the present application, not only the Fourier transform can be performed, but also because it only includes a plurality of optical resonators and couplers, its volume can be greatly reduced, thereby Reduce the weight of dispersive components, reduce energy consumption, and improve efficiency.
可选的，移相器的相位变化分别为：Optionally, the phase changes of the phase shifters are:
其中，M∈N，N为大于2的正整数。Among them, M∈N, N is a positive integer greater than 2.
其中，各光学谐振腔谐振频率不同，但是自由光谱范围基本上是相等的。各个环的谐振频率f1,f2,f3…fM等间隔地分布在一个自由光谱范围之内。使得光傅里叶变换芯片的响应特性能够等效于色散曲线。并且，第一个光谐振腔的相位变化较其他光谐振腔多一个π/2，从而可以抵消光耦合器带来的额外相位影响。Among them, the resonant frequencies of each optical resonator are different, but the free spectral range is basically the same. The resonant frequencies f 1 , f 2 , f 3 . . . f M of each ring are equally spaced in a free spectral range. The response characteristics of the optical Fourier transform chip can be equivalent to the dispersion curve. Moreover, the phase change of the first optical resonator is one π/2 more than that of the other optical resonators, so that the additional phase effect brought by the optical coupler can be cancelled.
可选的，耦合器的耦合系数分别为：Optionally, the coupling coefficients of the couplers are:
其中，t直通,k代表第k个耦合器直通臂光场的耦合系数，t耦合,k代表第k个耦合器耦合臂光场的耦合系数，j是虚数单位。Among them, tthrough,k represents the coupling coefficient of the optical field of the through-arm of the kth coupler, tcoupling,k represents the coupling coefficient of the optical field of the coupling arm of the kth coupler, and j is an imaginary unit.
其中，通过上述设置可以使得在耦合之后的光场中，各个谐振腔输出的频率成分的强度相等。Wherein, through the above arrangement, in the optical field after coupling, the intensities of the frequency components output by each resonator are equal.
可选的，芯片用于接收啁啾光脉冲，并通过色散将中心频率不同的啁啾光脉冲分开，其中，色散过程中的色散值为：
其中，光傅里叶变换芯片结构可以实现等同与数千公里单模光纤的色散，并且等效的传输距离只是光谐振腔的周长，因此传输延时非常小。从公式上看，为了实现更大的色散，需要增大级联环的数目M，并且降低谐振腔的自由光谱范围FSRring。Among them, the optical Fourier transform chip structure can achieve the dispersion equivalent to thousands of kilometers of single-mode fiber, and the equivalent transmission distance is only the perimeter of the optical resonant cavity, so the transmission delay is very small. From the formula, in order to achieve greater dispersion, the number M of cascaded rings needs to be increased, and the free spectral range FSR ring of the resonator should be reduced.
本申请实施例的第二方面，还提供了一种光傅里叶变换系统，参见图2，上述系统包括：啁啾光脉冲产生模、射频信号调制模块、光傅里叶变换芯片、光电探测器、示波器；In a second aspect of the embodiments of the present application, an optical Fourier transform system is also provided. Referring to FIG. 2 , the above system includes: a chirped optical pulse generation mode, a radio frequency signal modulation module, an optical Fourier transform chip, and a photoelectric detector. instrument, oscilloscope;
啁啾光脉冲产生模块，用于将射频啁啾光脉冲调制在单波长光信号上，并滤出目标啁啾光脉冲；The chirped light pulse generation module is used to modulate the radio frequency chirped light pulse on a single wavelength optical signal, and filter out the target chirped light pulse;
射频信号调制模块，用于将射频信号调制在目标啁啾光脉冲上；The RF signal modulation module is used to modulate the RF signal on the target chirped optical pulse;
光傅里叶变换芯片，用于接收目标啁啾光脉冲，并通过色散将中心频率不同的啁啾光脉冲分开；The optical Fourier transform chip is used to receive the target chirped light pulse and separate the chirped light pulses with different center frequencies through dispersion;
光电探测器，用于对色散后的啁啾光脉冲进行探测，并将探测到的光信号转化为电信号；The photodetector is used to detect the chirped optical pulse after dispersion, and convert the detected optical signal into an electrical signal;
示波器，用于对转化后的电信号进行显示。The oscilloscope is used to display the converted electrical signal.
本申请实施例的光傅里叶变换芯片可以实现光傅里叶变换中所需要的大色散。该芯片的结构可以集成，体积可以很小。基于这种光傅里叶变换芯片的光傅里叶变换系统由啁啾光脉冲、射频信号调制和光傅里叶变换芯片等部分组成。这种光傅里叶变换系统在实现大观测带宽、高频率分辨率的同时，还兼备体积小和传输延时低的优点。The optical Fourier transform chip of the embodiment of the present application can realize the large dispersion required in the optical Fourier transform. The structure of the chip can be integrated, and the volume can be very small. The optical Fourier transform system based on this optical Fourier transform chip is composed of chirped light pulses, radio frequency signal modulation and optical Fourier transform chips. This optical Fourier transform system not only achieves large observation bandwidth and high frequency resolution, but also has the advantages of small size and low transmission delay.
其中，基于光傅里叶变换芯片的光傅里叶变换系统由啁啾光脉冲产生模块、射频信号调制模块和频率-时间映射模块三个模块组成。其中，频率-时间映射模块包括光傅里叶变换芯片等。Among them, the optical Fourier transform system based on the optical Fourier transform chip consists of three modules: a chirped optical pulse generation module, a radio frequency signal modulation module and a frequency-time mapping module. The frequency-time mapping module includes an optical Fourier transform chip and the like.
其中，啁啾光脉冲是通过将射频啁啾信号调制在单波长光源上，然后通过光滤波器滤出所需要的啁啾光脉冲。射频信号调制就是将射频信号调制在啁啾光脉冲上，调制格式为载波抑制单边带调制。射频信号调制中利用光耦合器保留了一路没有经过射频信号调制的啁啾光脉冲来做参考。在频率测量中，利用光傅里叶变换芯片将中心频率不同的啁啾信号分开，从而在时域上获取待测信号的频率。区别于传统的光傅里叶变换中的色散，本申请实施例的光傅里叶变换芯片可以实现大的色散值。Among them, the chirped optical pulse is obtained by modulating a radio frequency chirped signal on a single-wavelength light source, and then filtering out the required chirped optical pulse through an optical filter. The RF signal modulation is to modulate the RF signal on the chirped optical pulse, and the modulation format is carrier-suppressed single-sideband modulation. In the modulation of the radio frequency signal, an optocoupler is used to reserve a chirped optical pulse that has not been modulated by the radio frequency signal as a reference. In the frequency measurement, the optical Fourier transform chip is used to separate the chirped signals with different center frequencies, so as to obtain the frequency of the signal to be measured in the time domain. Different from the dispersion in the traditional optical Fourier transform, the optical Fourier transform chip of the embodiment of the present application can realize a large dispersion value.
可选的，啁啾光脉冲产生模块，包括：Optionally, a chirped light pulse generation module, including:
单波光源子模块，用于产生单波光源信号；Single-wave light source sub-module, used to generate single-wave light source signal;
电光调制器，用于将接收啁啾光脉冲并调制到单波光源信号中；Electro-optic modulator, used to receive chirped light pulse and modulate it into single-wave light source signal;
光滤波器，用于从单波光源信号中滤出目标啁啾光脉冲。Optical filter, used to filter out the target chirped light pulse from the single-wave light source signal.
可选的，射频信号调制模块，包括：Optional, RF signal modulation module, including:
第一光耦合器，用于接收光滤波器滤出目标啁啾光脉冲，进行光耦合并发射到载波抑制单边带调制器和第二光耦合器中；a first optical coupler, used for receiving the optical filter to filter out the target chirped optical pulse, optically coupling and transmitting it to the carrier-suppressed single-sideband modulator and the second optical coupler;
载波抑制单边带调制器，用于接收并对待测射频信号和光耦合后的啁啾光脉冲进行载波抑制单边带调制；The carrier-suppressed single-sideband modulator is used to receive and perform carrier-suppressed single-sideband modulation on the RF signal to be measured and the optically coupled chirped optical pulse;
第二光耦合器，用于接收并对第一光耦合器发射的光耦合后的啁啾光脉冲和载波抑制单边带调制器发射的调制后的啁啾光脉冲进行光耦合。The second optical coupler is used for receiving and optically coupling the optically coupled chirped optical pulse emitted by the first optical coupler and the modulated chirped optical pulse emitted by the carrier-suppressed single-sideband modulator.
可选的，光傅里叶变换芯片，具体用于接收第二光耦合器发射的耦合后的啁啾光脉冲，并通过色散将中心频率不同的啁啾光脉冲分开。Optionally, the optical Fourier transform chip is specifically configured to receive the coupled chirped light pulses emitted by the second optical coupler, and separate the chirped light pulses with different center frequencies through dispersion.
传统光傅里叶变换中的色散，是通过光纤、光栅或者其他空间光学结构产生。通常色散值有限、体积大、伴随延时高。在光傅里叶变换中，要想实现较好的频率分辨率，就需要大色散介质。在本申请实施例中，通过光傅里叶变换芯片代替光傅里叶变换中的色散介质，等效地实现了大色散，进一步提升了光傅里叶变换系统的频率分辨率，并且降低了体积、重量和损耗。Dispersion in the traditional Fourier transform of light is produced by optical fibers, gratings, or other spatial optical structures. Usually the dispersion value is limited, the volume is large, and the accompanying delay is high. In optical Fourier transform, a large dispersion medium is required to achieve better frequency resolution. In the embodiment of the present application, the optical Fourier transform chip is used to replace the dispersive medium in the optical Fourier transform, which equivalently realizes large dispersion, further improves the frequency resolution of the optical Fourier transform system, and reduces the Volume, weight and loss.
为了说明本申请实施例的光傅里叶变换芯片及系统的有益效果，以下通过实现进行说明，以下为本申请实施例提供的光傅里叶变换芯片的仿真结果的示意图，包括：图3a为本申请实施例提供的级联光谐振腔的强度响应的局部放大图。图3b为本申请实施例提供的级联光谐振腔的强度响应图。图3c为本申请实施例提供的级联光谐振腔在光傅里叶变换芯片设计带宽内的强度响应图。图3d为本申请实施例提供的光傅里叶变换芯片的相频特性示意图，图3e为本申请实施例提供的光傅里叶变换芯片的相频特性示意图的局部放大图，其中，点为光傅里叶变换芯片在频域采样处也就是级联微环投射峰处的相位值；线表示连续色散的相频特性，RBW(Resolution Bandwidth)代表两个不同频率的信号能够被清楚的分辨出来的最低频宽差异，FSRDD为两个谱峰之间的间距。In order to illustrate the beneficial effects of the optical Fourier transform chip and system according to the embodiments of the present application, the following is explained by implementation. The following is a schematic diagram of the simulation results of the optical Fourier transform chip provided by the embodiments of the present application, including: FIG. 3a is a A partial enlarged view of the intensity response of the cascaded optical resonator provided by the embodiment of the present application. FIG. 3b is an intensity response diagram of the cascaded optical resonator provided by the embodiment of the present application. FIG. 3c is a graph of the intensity response of the cascaded optical resonator provided in the embodiment of the present application within the design bandwidth of the optical Fourier transform chip. FIG. 3d is a schematic diagram of phase-frequency characteristics of an optical Fourier transform chip provided by an embodiment of the present application, and FIG. 3e is a partial enlarged view of a schematic diagram of phase-frequency characteristics of an optical Fourier transform chip provided by an embodiment of the present application, wherein the point is The phase value of the optical Fourier transform chip at the sampling in the frequency domain, that is, the projection peak of the cascaded microring; the line represents the phase-frequency characteristic of the continuous dispersion, and the RBW (Resolution Bandwidth) represents that the signals of two different frequencies can be clearly distinguished The minimum bandwidth difference that comes out, FSR DD is the spacing between two spectral peaks.
本申请实施例中，设置的参数为M＝20，一共有20组光纤微环，单个环的自由光谱范围FSRring为5GHz，所有环形波导与直臂波导之间的耦合效率为4.8％。光傅里叶变换芯片的大小为1.27×105ps2，等效于5800km单模光纤能够实现的色散。In the embodiment of this application, the set parameter is M=20, there are 20 groups of fiber microrings, the free spectral range of a single ring FSR ring is 5GHz, and the coupling efficiency between all ring waveguides and straight-arm waveguides is 4.8%. The size of the optical Fourier transform chip is 1.27×10 5 ps 2 , which is equivalent to the dispersion that can be achieved by a 5800km single-mode fiber.
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质，(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，DVD)、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘Solid State Disk(SSD))等。In the above-mentioned embodiments, it may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are generated. The computer may be a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be downloaded from a website site, computer, server, or data center Transmission to another website site, computer, server, or data center is by wire (eg, coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (eg, infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, a data center, or the like that includes an integration of one or more available media. The usable media may be magnetic media (eg, floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (eg, DVDs), or semiconductor media (eg, Solid State Disk (SSD)), among others.
需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any relationship between these entities or operations. any such actual relationship or sequence exists. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "comprising" or any other variation thereof are intended to encompass a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article or device comprising a list of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes not explicitly listed or other elements inherent to such a process, method, article or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element qualified by the phrase "comprising a..." does not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in a process, method, article or apparatus that includes the element.
本说明书中的各个实施例均采用相关的方式描述，各个实施例之间相同相似的部分互相参见即可，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处。尤其，对于系统实施例而言，由于其基本相似于方法实施例，所以描述的比较简单，相关之处参见方法实施例的部分说明即可。Each embodiment in this specification is described in a related manner, and the same and similar parts between the various embodiments may be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, as for the system embodiments, since they are basically similar to the method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and for related parts, please refer to the partial descriptions of the method embodiments.
以上所述仅为本申请的较佳实施例，并非用于限定本申请的保护范围。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均包含在本申请的保护范围内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of this application are included in the protection scope of this application.
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