CN113178466B

CN113178466B - Display device and electronic apparatus

Info

Publication number: CN113178466B
Application number: CN202110383527.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 洪定洋
Original assignee: Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-09
Filing date: 2021-04-09
Publication date: 2022-11-11
Anticipated expiration: 2041-04-09
Also published as: CN113178466A

Abstract

The application discloses display device and electronic equipment, display device includes: a substrate; a light emitting unit on the substrate; an encapsulation layer covering the light emitting unit; the light control piece is positioned in the packaging layer and comprises a first material layer and a second material layer, a first interface is formed between the first material layer and the packaging layer, and a second interface is formed between the second material layer and the first material layer; the refractive index of the packaging layer is n1, the refractive index of the first material layer is n2, the refractive index of the second material layer is n3, and the relation formula is satisfied: n1> n2> n3; the light emitted by the light emitting unit comprises a first light and a second light, and the first light directly emits after penetrating through the packaging layer; at least part of the second light rays are transmitted towards the optical control piece, are totally reflected on the first interface and then exit from the packaging layer, and at least part of the second light rays penetrate through the first interface to reach the second interface, are totally reflected on the second interface and then exit from the packaging layer. The light extraction efficiency of the display device is improved.

Description

Display device and electronic apparatus

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to display technologies, and particularly to a display device and an electronic apparatus.

Background

An Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED) device has the advantages of active Light emission, good temperature characteristics, low power consumption, fast response, flexibility, ultra-lightness, thinness, low cost and the like, is considered to have a huge application prospect in the technical field of secondary display, and gradually becomes a next generation mainstream display device after liquid crystal display and plasma display.

However, the conventional OLED display device still has a problem of poor light extraction efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides a display device and electronic equipment.

An aspect of the present application provides a display device including: the method comprises the following steps: a substrate; a light emitting unit on the substrate; an encapsulation layer covering the light emitting unit; the light control part is positioned in the packaging layer and comprises a first material layer and a second material layer, a first interface is formed between the first material layer and the packaging layer, and a second interface is formed between the second material layer and the first material layer;

the refractive index of the packaging layer is n1, the refractive index of the first material layer is n2, the refractive index of the second material layer is n3, and the relation is satisfied: n1> n2> n3;

the light emitted by the light emitting unit comprises a first light and a second light, the emergent angles of the first light and the second light on the emergent surface of the light emitting unit are different, and the first light directly emits after penetrating through the packaging layer;

at least a part of the second light rays are transmitted towards the light control member, and the light rays are emitted from the packaging layer after being totally reflected at the first interface,

at least a part of the second light reaches the second interface through the first interface, and the light is emitted from the packaging layer after being totally reflected at the second interface.

Further, the second material layer is located within the first material layer; or the second material layer is disposed adjacent to the first material layer.

Further, the second material layer comprises a matrix and nanoparticles, the nanoparticles are arranged inside the matrix, the refractive index of the matrix is larger than that of the nanoparticles, and the second interface is formed between the matrix and the first material layer.

Further, a third interface is formed between the surface of the nanoparticle and the substrate;

at least one part of the second light ray sequentially penetrates through the first interface and the second interface and then reaches the third interface, and the light ray is emitted from the packaging layer after being totally reflected at the third interface.

Further, the light control part also comprises a third material layer, wherein the third material layer is arranged adjacent to the second material layer and forms a fifth interface with the second material layer;

the refractive index of the third material layer is smaller than that of the second material;

at least one part of the second light sequentially penetrates through the first interface and the second interface and then reaches the fifth interface, and the light is totally reflected at the fifth interface and then is emitted from the packaging layer.

Further, the light control member further comprises a third material layer, wherein the third material layer is arranged adjacent to the second material layer and forms a sixth interface with the first material layer;

the refractive index of the third material layer is smaller than that of the first material layer, and the refractive index of the third material layer is different from that of the second material layer;

at least a part of the second light penetrates through the first interface to reach a sixth interface, and the light is emitted from the packaging layer after being totally reflected at the sixth interface.

Further, the light control member is ring-shaped, and the light control member is disposed around the light emitting unit.

Further, the opening of the light control member gradually increases in a light emitting direction of the light emitting unit.

Further, the light control member comprises a plurality of light control components, and the plurality of light control components form a circular array distribution.

Further, the first interface is a tapered surface having a taper angle in a range of 20 ° to 90 °.

Further, the first interface is one or a combination of several of a concave arc surface, a convex arc surface, a conical surface and a step surface.

Further, the light emitting unit is one of a red light emitting unit, a green light emitting unit or a blue light emitting unit, and the light control member is disposed around one or more of the light emitting units.

Further, the display device comprises a plurality of light-emitting units and a plurality of light control parts, and one light control part is distributed around the plurality of light-emitting units.

An aspect of the present application also provides a display device, including: a substrate; a light emitting unit on the substrate; an encapsulation layer covering the light emitting unit; and a light control member positioned within the encapsulation layer, the light control member including a first material layer and a second material layer sequentially arranged along a light emission direction of the light emitting unit, the first material layer forming a first interface with the encapsulation layer, the second material layer forming a fourth interface with the encapsulation layer;

the refractive index of the packaging layer is n1, the refractive index of the first material layer is n2, the refractive index of the second material layer is n3, and the relation is satisfied: n1> n2, n1> n3, n2 ≠ n3;

the light emitted by the light emitting unit comprises a first light and a second light, the emergent angle of the first light on the emergent surface of the light emitting unit is different from the emergent angle of the second light on the emergent surface of the light emitting unit, and the first light directly emits after penetrating through the packaging layer;

the second light ray penetrates through the packaging layer and then propagates towards the optical control part, at least one part of the second light ray is emitted from the packaging layer after being totally reflected at the first interface, and at least one part of the second light ray is emitted from the packaging layer after being totally reflected at the fourth interface.

Further, the second material layer includes a nanoparticle material, and the first material layer and the second material layer are stacked in the light emission direction of the light emitting unit.

Another aspect of the present application provides an electronic device. The electronic device includes: a housing; and the display device described above, the housing being combined with the display device.

Compared with the conventional display device structure, the display device and the electronic equipment provided by the application have the advantages that the emergent light rays of the light emitting unit at different angles are controlled by the first interface and the second interface through the arrangement of the optical control part, and the incident angle of the incident light rays to the packaging layer and the interface (also called as the emergent interface) of other medium (or air) covering the side, far away from the substrate, of the packaging layer is changed, so that the occurrence of total internal reflection is avoided, and the light extraction efficiency of the display device is further improved. Additional aspects and advantages of embodiments of the present application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the present application.

Drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a display device according to the prior art;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure and optical path of another display device in the prior art;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure and optical path of yet another prior art display device;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to some embodiments of the present application;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of an optical path of a light-emitting unit when a light control member is not provided in the related art display device;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic structural diagram and a first optical path diagram of a portion A of the display device in the embodiment of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a first top view of the display device of FIG. 4;

FIG. 8 is a partial schematic structural diagram and a second optical path diagram of a display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure and a schematic diagram of an optical path of a display device in another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a second exemplary top view of a display device in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating a third exemplary top view of a display device in an alternate embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 12 is a schematic top view of a display device in accordance with further embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a top view of a display device in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram illustrating a top view of a display device in accordance with an alternate embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 15 is a partial schematic structural diagram and an optical path diagram of a display device in further embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 16 is a partial schematic structural diagram and an optical path diagram of a display device in further embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 17 is a schematic partial structural view and a schematic optical path view of a display device in another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 18 is a block diagram of an electronic device in some implementations of the present application.

Wherein, in the drawings, the reference numerals are mainly as follows:

an electronic device; 10. a display device; 20. a housing; 30. an anti-reflection film; 40. a microlens; 11. a substrate; 12. a light emitting unit; 121. a light-emitting surface; m, a central vertical line; α, cone angle; 13. an encapsulation layer; 131. an organic layer; 132. an inorganic layer; 1321. an emergent interface; 14. a light control member; 14a, a light control sub-assembly; 141. a first material layer; 142. a second material layer; 142a, nanoparticles; 142b, a base; 143. a third material layer; 15. a micro-convex lens; 16. a drive circuit;

l1, a first light ray; l2, a second light ray; s1, a first interface; s2, a second interface; s3, a third interface; s4, a fourth interface; s5, a fifth interface; s6, a sixth interface.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the embodiments of the present application, and are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present application.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise. The meaning of "a number" is one or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment," "some embodiments," or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present application. Thus, appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," or the like, in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, but rather "one or more but not all embodiments" unless specifically stated otherwise. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1, the conventional Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) device includes a substrate 11, a light emitting unit 12, and an encapsulation layer 13. The light emitting unit 12 and the encapsulation layer 13 are both located on the substrate 11, and the encapsulation layer 13 covers the light emitting unit 12. The encapsulation layer 13 may be a thin film encapsulation layer 13 which is advantageous for improving the optical properties and package size thickness of the device. It will be appreciated that light emitted by the light emitting unit 12 is transmitted through the encapsulation layer 13 to the air medium, and is incident on the eyes of the user to be perceived by the user. The refractive index of the package layer 13 is usually larger than the refractive index of air, and according to the total reflection characteristic disclosed by snell's law, when light enters a medium with a lower refractive index from a medium with a higher refractive index, if the incident angle is larger than a certain critical angle, the refracted light will disappear, and all incident light will be reflected at the medium interface without being refracted to enter the medium with a lower refractive index, i.e. total reflection will occur.

The method specifically comprises the following steps: when the light ray satisfies nSin theta > 1, the light ray is totally reflected at the interface of the two media. Where n is the refractive index of the higher index medium and θ is the angle of incidence of the light at the interface of the two media.

It can be understood that, when the light emitted from the light emitting unit 12 is incident on the interface between the encapsulation layer 13 and the air, and the incident angle thereof is larger than the critical angle of total internal reflection of the light at the interface, the light cannot be emitted into the air medium and is perceived by human eyes, and thus the light extraction efficiency of the light emitting unit 12 is inevitably reduced.

In order to solve the problem of low light extraction efficiency, the prior art generally includes the following two types: first, referring to fig. 2, an anti-reflection film 30 is additionally disposed on the surface of the encapsulation layer 13, and the anti-reflection film 30 is used for increasing the light transmittance of the light emitting unit 12 and reducing the light reflection phenomenon; second, referring to fig. 3, a micro lens 40 is disposed right above the light emitting unit 12, and the micro lens 40 is used for changing the propagation direction of the emergent light of the light emitting unit 12, so as to achieve the effect of converging light and increase the light capable of being incident to human eyes. However, the above solution does not solve the problem of total internal reflection of high angle light rays very well, resulting in a display device with a low level of light extraction efficiency.

Referring to fig. 4, 6 and 7, an embodiment of the present application provides a display device 10, where the display device 10 includes a substrate 11, a light emitting unit 12, an encapsulation layer 13 and a light control member 14. The light emitting unit 12 is disposed on the substrate 11, and the driving circuit 16 is disposed on the substrate 11. The driving circuit 16 is electrically connected to the light emitting unit 12, and the driving circuit 16 is used for driving the light emitting unit 12 to emit light. The encapsulation layer 13 covers the light emitting unit 12, and plays a role of protecting the light emitting unit 12 from encapsulation. The light control 14 is located within the encapsulation layer 13. The light control 14 comprises a first layer of material 141 and a second layer of material 142. A first interface S1 is formed between the first material layer 141 and the encapsulation layer 13. A second interface S2 is formed between the first material layer 141 and the second material layer 142. The refractive indexes of the encapsulation layer 13, the first material layer 141 and the second material layer 142 decrease from large to small in sequence, and the critical angle of total reflection of the emergent light of the light emitting unit 12 at the first interface S1 is larger than the critical angle of total reflection of the emergent light at the second interface S2.

Referring to fig. 5, it can be understood that the light emitting units 12 emit light in different directions. In the embodiment of the present application, a part of light emitted from the light emitting surface 121 of the light emitting unit 12 passes through the encapsulation layer 13 and then directly emits into the air (or other medium covering a side of the encapsulation layer 13 away from the substrate 11) to be perceived by human eyes, where the part of light is referred to as a first light L1. The exit angle of the first light L1 from the light exit surface 121 of the light emitting unit 12 is within a first range of the exit angle near the optical axis of the light emitting unit 12. The first light ray L1 may also be referred to as a small angle emitted light ray because it is located within a first emission angle range near the optical axis. The incident angle of the first light L1 incident on the interface (also referred to as the exit interface 1321) between the encapsulation layer 13 and air (or other medium layer covering the side of the encapsulation layer 13 away from the substrate 11) also generally falls within the first emission angle range. In the embodiment of the present application, when the part of the light beam far away from the optical axis of the light emitting unit 12 is emitted to the exit interface 1321, a total reflection phenomenon is generated on the exit interface 1321 and the part of the light beam cannot be emitted to the air to be perceived by human eyes, the part of the light beam is referred to as a second light beam L2, and the first light beam L2 is located in a second emission angle range far away from the optical axis of the light emitting unit 12, and therefore may also be referred to as a large-angle emission light beam.

Referring to fig. 6, in the embodiment of the present application, the second light L2 includes a third sub-light L21 and a fourth sub-light L22. The third sub-light L21 exits from the light exit surface 121, enters the encapsulation layer 13, and propagates toward the optical control element 14 in the encapsulation layer 13, and is totally reflected on the first interface S1, and the third sub-light L21 is totally reflected by the first interface S1, continues to propagate toward the exit interface 1321, and finally is refracted by the exit interface 1321 and smoothly exits into the air to be perceived by human eyes. In the embodiment of the present invention, the third sub-light L21 is emitted from the light emitting surface 121 and then totally reflected at the first interface S1, so that the propagation direction of the light is changed, and the incident angle at which the light reaches the emitting interface 1321 is smaller than the critical angle at which the light totally reflects at the emitting interface 1321, so that the light is smoothly emitted into the air to be perceived by human eyes. In the embodiment of the present application, the light control component 14 is used to effectively adjust the third sub-light L21, so as to reduce the total reflection phenomenon of the light on the exit interface 1321, and improve the light extraction efficiency of the display device 10.

Referring to fig. 5 and fig. 6, in the embodiment of the present invention, the fourth sub-light L22 exits from the light exit surface 121 and enters the package layer 13, the light propagates in the package layer 13 toward the optical controller 14 and reaches the first interface S1, because the incident angle of the fourth sub-light L22 incident on the first interface S1 is smaller than the critical angle of total reflection of the light at the first interface S1, the fourth sub-light L22 penetrates the first interface S1 and enters the first material layer 141 and propagates toward the second interface S2, because the critical angle of total reflection of the light at the first interface S1 is larger than the critical angle of total reflection of the light at the second interface S2, the fourth sub-light L22 can be totally reflected at the second interface S2 and exit toward the interface 1321, and finally is refracted by the exit interface 1321 and then can be smoothly emitted into the air to be perceived by human eyes. In the embodiment of the present invention, the fourth sub-light L22 exits from the light emitting surface 121, is refracted at the first interface S1, enters the first material layer 141, and propagates toward the second interface S2, the light is totally reflected by the second interface S2, the propagation direction of the light is changed, and the incident angle at which the light reaches the exit interface 1321 is smaller than the critical angle at which the light is totally reflected at the exit interface 1321, so that the fourth sub-light L22 smoothly exits into the air to be perceived by human eyes. In the embodiment of the present application, the light control component 14 is utilized to effectively adjust the light, so as to reduce the total internal reflection phenomenon of the large-angle emitted light at the exit interface 1321, and improve the light extraction efficiency of the display device 10.

Compared with the conventional display device structure, the display device 10 provided in this embodiment utilizes the optical response characteristics of the light control member 14 and the first and second interfaces S1 and S2 to the outgoing light rays of the light emitting unit 12 at different angles, so as to effectively improve the total reflection condition of the light rays on the outgoing interface 1321, and improve the light extraction efficiency of the display device 10.

It can be understood that, in the embodiment of the present application, according to design requirements, a person skilled in the art can change the size of the critical total reflection angle of the light ray at the first interface S1 and the size of the critical total reflection angle of the light ray at the second interface S2 by changing the refractive indexes and the ratios of the media located at two sides of the interface, and further make a targeted optical response to the emitted light rays of the light emitting unit 12 at different angles, so as to achieve the optical effect of the embodiment of the present application. In other embodiments, a person skilled in the art may also change the inclination angle of the first interface S1 (or the second interface S2) with respect to the horizontal plane to change the incident angle of the light when the light reaches the first interface S1 (or the second interface S2), so as to further improve the light extraction efficiency of the display device 10. In other embodiments, the surface curvature of the first interface S1 (or the second interface S2) may also be changed by those skilled in the art, such as: the interface is formed by connecting a plurality of micro curved surface units, the surface curvature of the adjacent micro curved surface units can be set to be the same or different according to design requirements, so that the light incidence angle of the light reaching the micro curved surface unit of the first interface S1 (or the second interface S2) is changed, and the light extraction efficiency of the display device 10 is further improved.

Referring to fig. 4, in an embodiment, the display device 10 is an OLED display device, and specifically is an AMOLED (Active-matrix organic light-emitting diode) or a PMOLED (Passive-matrix organic light-emitting diode). The display device 10 includes a substrate 11, a plurality of light emitting units 12 and driving circuits distributed in an array on the substrate 11, an encapsulation layer 13 covering the light emitting units 12, and a light control member 14 disposed in the encapsulation layer 13. The driving circuit illuminates the light emitting units 12 distributed in an array in a scanning manner.

Referring to fig. 5, the encapsulation layer 13 includes an organic layer 131 and an inorganic layer 132. The organic layer 131 and the inorganic layer 132 are stacked, wherein the inorganic layer 132 is located on a surface of the organic layer 131 far away from the light emitting unit 12. The inorganic layer 132 can effectively isolate external water and oxygen, and prevent the light emitting unit 12 and the organic layer 131 from being corroded and degraded. The organic layer 131 covers the light emitting unit 12. The organic layer 131 can effectively relieve stress impact generated when the display device 10 is bent and folded, and reduce the stress impact influence on the light emitting unit 12, and the organic layer 131 can also achieve the effect of flattening the device. The refractive index of the organic layer 131 is smaller than that of the inorganic layer 132, so that when light is emitted from the organic layer 131 to the inorganic layer 132, total reflection does not occur, which can effectively improve the light extraction efficiency of the display device 10.

Referring again to fig. 6, the light control element 14 is located in the organic layer 131. The light control 14 includes a first layer of material 141 and a second layer of material 142. The second material layer 142 is disposed adjacent to the first material layer 141. A first interface S1 is formed between the first material layer 141 and the organic layer 131. The first material layer 141 and the second material layer 142 form a second interface S2 therebetween. The refractive indexes of the organic layer 131, the first material layer 141, and the second material layer 142 decrease from high to low in sequence. Specifically, the refractive indexes of the organic layer 131, the first material layer 141, and the second material layer 142 are n1, n2, and n3, respectively, and satisfy the formula: n3 is more than n2 and less than n1. In the present embodiment, the first material layer 141 may be an organic photoresist with a refractive index of 1.7. The second material layer 142 may be made of a nanoparticle material, and may include one or more of alumina, silica, silicon oxide, and the like. In the embodiment of the present application, the refractive indexes of the alumina, silica and silica materials are optionally 1.63, 1.46 and 1.55, respectively. It is understood that the examples of the materials of the first material layer 141 and the second material layer 142 and the refractive index values thereof in the embodiment of the present application are only illustrative, and in other embodiments, the materials of the first material layer 141 and the second material layer 142 may be adjusted according to the optical design requirement, and optionally, the refractive index of the second material layer 142 is smaller than the refractive index of the first material layer 141.

The second light L2 enters the organic layer 131 after exiting from the light exit surface 121 and propagates toward the optical controller 14, when the second light L2 reaches the first interface S1, the third sub-light L21 of the second light L2 is totally reflected at the first interface S1, the totally reflected third sub-light L21 changes its direction and propagates toward the exit interface 1321, and finally, the third sub-light L21 is refracted by the exit interface 1321 and then smoothly enters the air medium for human eyes to perceive. The fourth sub light L22 of the second light L2 passes through the first interface S1, reaches the first material layer 141 to the bottom, and continues to propagate toward the second interface S2, the fourth sub light L22 is totally reflected at the second interface S2, the totally reflected fourth sub light L22 changes the propagation direction and propagates toward the exit interface 1321, and finally, the fourth sub light L22 is refracted by the exit interface 1321 and then smoothly enters the air medium to be perceived by human eyes.

Referring to fig. 6 and 7, in the present embodiment, the display device 10 includes a plurality of light control members 14 and a plurality of light emitting units 12. The light control members 14 are each in the shape of a ring, and each light control member 14 is disposed around the light emitting unit 12. The plurality of light control members 14 are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of light emitting units 12. The orthographic projection of the light control part 14 on the substrate 11 is not overlapped with the orthographic projection of the light emitting unit 12 on the substrate 11, so that the first light L1 of the light emitting unit 12 in the first emission angle range can be effectively prevented from being shielded by the light control part 14, the first light L1 is emitted to an air medium as far as possible and is perceived by human eyes, and the light extraction efficiency of the display device 10 is improved.

Referring to fig. 4 and fig. 6, the light-emitting surface 121 of the light-emitting unit 12 is a plane, and along the optical axis M of the light-emitting unit 12, the aperture of the opening of the optical control element 14 is gradually increased in a direction away from the substrate 11 from the light-emitting surface 121 of the light-emitting unit 12, which can effectively improve the light extraction efficiency of the display device 10.

Referring to fig. 6, in the embodiment of the present application, the first interface S1 is a conical surface, and a size of a cone angle α of the conical surface is in a range from 20 ° to 90 °, so that the first interface S1 can change a propagation direction of the second light L2 and simultaneously achieve a better light converging effect, so that more second light L2 can be perceived by human eyes directly in front of the display device, and an optical effect of the display device is further optimized.

The light control member 14 is wedge-shaped in cross-section. In other embodiments of the present application, the light control member 14 may also have a trapezoidal or other irregular shape in cross-section.

Referring to fig. 8, the first interface S1 formed by the optical control element 14 and the organic layer 131 may be a concave surface, which can effectively converge the light emitted from the light emitting unit 12. The second interface S2 may be the same shape as or different from the first interface S1. In other embodiments, the shape of the first interface S1 or the second interface S2 may include one or a combination of a convex arc surface, a conical surface, and a step surface, so as to realize accurate control of light rays with different emission angles of the light-emitting unit 12, thereby effectively improving the light extraction efficiency of the display device 10.

Referring to fig. 9, in another embodiment of the present application, the second material layer 142 includes a matrix 142b and nanoparticles 142a. The nanoparticles 142a are doped in the matrix 142 b. The second interface S2 is formed between the substrate 142b and the first material layer 141. The outer surface of the nanoparticle 142a in contact with the matrix 142b is a third interface S3. In this embodiment, the second light L2 further includes a fifth sub-light L23, the fifth sub-light L23 in the second light L2 emitted by the light emitting unit 12 sequentially passes through the first interface S1 and the second interface S2 and then enters the second material layer 142, the fifth sub-light L23 is totally reflected on the third interface S3 and then propagates toward the exit interface 1321, and finally is refracted into the air medium through the exit interface 1321 to be perceived by human eyes, and the nanoparticles 142a can effectively improve the uniformity of the light and improve the light extraction efficiency of the display device 10. In the embodiment of the present application, the particle size of the nanoparticles 142a and the doping ratio of the nanoparticles 142a in the matrix 142b may be adjusted according to the actually achieved light extraction effect, and optionally, in order to improve the light extraction efficiency of the display device 10, the nanoparticles 142a may be doped in the matrix 142b at a high ratio to form a dense particle structure, and the adjacent nanoparticles 142a are closely arranged together.

Referring to fig. 4, 6 and 10, in another embodiment of the present application, the light control member 14 includes a plurality of light control sub-members 14a. The plurality of light control sub-assemblies 14a are arranged in a circular array, and the light emitting units 12 are located in the circular array of the plurality of light control sub-assemblies 14a. The light control sub-assemblies 14a each include a first material layer 141 and the above-described second material layer 142. The first material layer 141 and the encapsulation layer 13 form the first interface S1 therebetween. The second material layer 142 and the first material layer 141 form a second interface S2 therebetween. In the present embodiment, the first interface S1 has a wedge shape. The light emitting surface 121 of the light emitting unit 12 is a plane, an included angle between the first interface S1 and the light emitting surface 121 is 45 ° to 80 °, and the first interface S1 can effectively adjust the propagation direction of the second light L2, so that the second light L2 can be emitted into an air medium as far as possible and perceived by human eyes, and the light can be effectively converged through the first interface S1, thereby optimizing the optical effect of the display device 10. Of course, in other embodiments of the present application, the first dividing surface may be one or a combination of a conical surface, a concave arc surface, a convex arc surface, a conical surface, and a stepped surface.

Referring to fig. 11, 12 and 13, in another embodiment of the present application, one light control part 14 is disposed corresponding to a plurality of light emitting units 12, the light control part 14 is annular, and the light control part 14 is disposed around the plurality of light emitting units 12. In the embodiment of the present application, one light control member 14 is disposed around two light emitting units 12, such as a red light emitting unit and a green light emitting unit in combination, or a blue light emitting unit and a red light emitting unit in combination, or a green light emitting unit and a blue light emitting unit in combination. In other embodiments, one light control 14 may be disposed around three lighting units or four lighting units, such as a combination of 1 red lighting unit, 2 blue lighting units, and 1 green lighting unit. Referring to fig. 12, one light control member 14 may be disposed around three light emitting units or four light emitting units, specifically, one light control member 14 surrounds a combination of 1 red light emitting unit, 1 blue light emitting unit and 2 green light emitting units, or one light control member 14 surrounds a combination of 2 red light emitting units, 1 blue light emitting unit and 1 green light emitting unit, so as to achieve a better light mixing effect. Referring to fig. 13, one light control member 14 may be disposed around five light emitting units or a single light emitting unit, specifically, one light control member 14 surrounds a combination of 1 red light emitting unit, 2 blue light emitting units, and 2 green light emitting units, or one light control member 14 surrounds 1 red light emitting unit, or one light control member 14 surrounds 1 green light emitting unit, and such an arrangement can enhance the optical light mixing effect and the light extraction efficiency in a specific area. In the embodiment of the present application, the combination and arrangement of the different light emitting units 12 are only exemplary, and in other embodiments, the combination number and arrangement of the different light emitting units 12 of the light control element and the relative position relationship between the light emitting units 12 and the light control element 14 may be adjusted according to the optical design requirement, so as to achieve the effect of improving the light extraction efficiency.

Referring to fig. 14, in another embodiment, the display device 10 may further include a plurality of micro-convex lenses 15, where the plurality of micro-convex lenses 15 are disposed on a surface of the inorganic layer 132 away from the light emitting unit 12. The plurality of convex microlenses 15 are arranged corresponding to the plurality of light-emitting units 12, and the convex microlenses 15 can further improve the converging effect of the light emitted into the air medium.

Referring to fig. 15, the present application provides a display device 10 of yet another embodiment in which the light control 14 includes a first material layer 141 and a second material layer 142. The first material layer 141 and the second material layer 142 are stacked along a light emitting direction of the light emitting unit 12, a first interface S1 is formed between the first material layer 141 and the encapsulation layer 13, and a fourth interface S4 is formed between the second material layer 142 and the encapsulation layer 13. The refractive index of the encapsulation layer 13 is n1, the refractive index of the first material layer 141 is n2, the refractive index of the second material layer 142 is n3, and the following relation is satisfied: n1> n2, n1> n3, n2 ≠ n3; that is, the critical angles of the total reflection of the light at the first interface and the second interface are different. The light emitted by the light emitting unit 12 includes a first light L1 and a second light L2, the first light L1 is located in a first emission angle range near the optical axis of the light emitting unit 12, the second light L2 is located in a second emission angle range far away from the optical axis, and the first emission angle range and the second emission angle range are not coincident. The first light L1 is directly refracted into the air medium through the exit interface 1321 after passing through the encapsulation layer 13. The second light L2 includes a third sub-light L21 and a sixth sub-light L24, the third sub-light L21 propagates toward the light control element 14 after being emitted from the light emitting unit 12, and the third sub-light L21 is totally reflected by the first interface S1, then propagates toward the exit interface 1321, and finally is refracted into the air medium through the exit interface 1321. . The sixth sub-light L24 is emitted from the light emitting unit 12 and then propagates toward the light controlling member 14, and the sixth sub-light L24 is totally reflected by the fourth dividing surface S4 and then propagates toward the exit dividing surface 1321, and finally is refracted by the exit dividing surface 1321 into the air medium and then perceived by human eyes.

The first interface S1 and the fourth interface S4 can be used to control light paths of light rays with different incident angles, that is, the display device 10 provided in this embodiment can control emergent light rays with different angles of the light emitting unit 12 through the optical control component 14, and change an incident angle of the emergent light rays emitted to the emergent interface 1321 to avoid total internal reflection, so that the light extraction efficiency of the display device 10 is effectively improved.

Referring to fig. 16, in a display device 10 according to still another embodiment, a light control member 14 includes a first material layer 141, a second material layer 142, and a third material layer 143. Wherein a first interface S1 is formed between the first material layer 141 and the encapsulation layer 13. A second interface S2 is formed between the first material layer 141 and the second material layer 142. A fifth dividing interface S5 is formed between the second material layer 142 and the third material layer 143. The refractive indexes of the package layer 13, the first material layer 141, the second material layer 142, and the third material layer 143 decrease from high to low in sequence. In this embodiment, the first interface S1, the second interface S2, and the fifth interface S5 may be smooth inclined surfaces, and in other embodiments, the first interface S1, the second interface S2, and the fifth interface S5 may be non-smooth inclined surfaces. In the embodiment of the present application, the slopes of the first interface S1, the second interface S2, and the fifth interface S5 are different, and further, the refractive indexes of the first material layer 141, the second material layer 142, and the third material layer 143 are different, so as to achieve the maximized light extraction efficiency. Optionally, the slope of the second interface S2 is greater than the slope of the first interface S1.

In the embodiment of the present application, the second light ray L2 includes a third sub-light ray L21, a fourth sub-light ray L22 and a seventh sub-light ray L25. The third sub light L21 is emitted from the light emitting unit 12 and then propagates toward the light control member 14, the third sub light L21 is totally reflected by the first interface S1 and then enters the exit interface 1321, and finally is refracted by the exit interface 1321 and then enters the air medium to be perceived by human eyes. The fourth sub-light L22 is emitted from the light emitting unit 12 and then propagates toward the light control member 14, the fourth sub-light L22 transmits through the first interface S1 to reach the second interface S2, the fourth sub-light L22 is totally reflected by the second interface S2 and then enters the exit interface 1321, and finally is refracted by the exit interface 1321 and then enters the air medium to be perceived by human eyes. The seventh sub-light L25 sequentially transmits through the first interface S1 and the second interface S2 and reaches the fifth interface S5, and the seventh sub-light L25 is totally reflected by the fifth interface S5 and then emitted to the exit interface 1321, and finally refracted by the exit interface 1321 and enters the air medium to be perceived by human eyes.

In the embodiment of the present application, the first interface S1, the second interface S2, and the fifth interface S5 may be used to control light paths of light rays with different incident angles, that is, the display device 10 provided in this embodiment may also control emergent light rays with different angles of the light emitting unit 12 through the optical control component 14, and change an incident angle of the emergent light rays to the emergent interface 1321 to avoid occurrence of total internal reflection, so as to effectively improve light extraction efficiency of the display device 10.

Referring to fig. 17, the present application provides a display device 10 according to yet another embodiment, wherein the light control member 14 includes a first material layer 141, a second material layer 142, and a third material layer 143. Wherein a first interface S1 is formed between the first material layer 141 and the encapsulation layer 13. A second interface S2 is formed between the first material layer 141 and the second material layer 142. A sixth interface S6 is formed between the third material layer 143 and the first material layer 141. The refractive index of the encapsulation layer 13 is greater than the refractive index of the first material layer 141. The refractive index of the first material layer 141 is greater than the refractive index of the second material layer 142 and the refractive index of the third material layer 143. The refractive index of the second material layer 142 is different from the refractive index of the third material layer 143. The critical angles of the total reflection of the light rays at the first interface S1, the second interface S2 and the sixth interface S6 are different. In the embodiment of the present application, the first interface S1 is a smooth conical surface, the second interface S2 and the sixth interface S6 are irregular curved surfaces, and the surface shapes of the first interface S1, the second interface S2 and the sixth interface S6 are matched with the different refractive index settings of the first material layer 141, the second material layer 142 and the third material layer 143, so as to achieve the maximized light extraction efficiency.

In the embodiment of the present application, the first interface S1, the second interface S2, and the sixth interface S6 may be used to control the light paths of the light rays with different incident angles, that is, the display device 10 provided in this embodiment can also control the outgoing light rays with different angles of the light emitting unit 12 through the optical control component 14, and change the incident angle of the outgoing light rays towards the outgoing interface 1321 to avoid the occurrence of total internal reflection, so as to effectively improve the light extraction efficiency of the display device 10.

Based on the above embodiments, it can be understood that: based on the innovative concepts of the present application, in other embodiments of the present application, the light extraction efficiency of the display device 10 can be improved by adjusting the number, location, volume, shape, or any combination of one or more of the material layers included in the light control member 14.

It should be noted that the technical solution proposed in the present application can be applied not only to the top-emitting OLED display in which light is emitted from the top of the device, but also to the double-sided emitting OLED display 10 in which light is emitted from the substrate 11 and the top of the device simultaneously, so as to improve the light extraction efficiency of the display device 10.

Referring to fig. 1 to 18, the present application further provides an electronic apparatus 100, where the electronic apparatus 100 includes a housing 20, a middle frame, and the display device 10 is combined with the middle frame and the housing 20 and located in an accommodating cavity formed by the housing 20 and the middle frame. By using the display device 10, the display performance and the cruising ability of the electronic device 100 can be effectively improved.

In some embodiments, the electronic device 100 is a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a smart watch, a television, a vehicle-mounted display device or other electronic devices 100 with display function, which is not limited herein.

In the description herein, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or "some examples" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, various embodiments or examples and features of various embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without being mutually inconsistent.

Any process or method descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein may be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing specific logical functions or steps of the process, and alternate implementations are included within the scope of the present application in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the present application.

Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and not to be construed as limiting the present application, and that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A display device, comprising:

a substrate;

a light emitting unit on the substrate;

an encapsulation layer covering the light emitting unit; and

a light control element located within the encapsulation layer, the light control element including a first layer of material and a second layer of material, the first layer of material forming a first interface with the encapsulation layer, the second layer of material forming a second interface with the first layer of material;

at least a part of the second light penetrates through the first interface to reach the second interface, and the light is emitted from the packaging layer after being totally reflected at the second interface.

2. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the second material layer is located within the first material layer; or

The second material layer is disposed adjacent to the first material layer.

3. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the second material layer comprises a matrix and nanoparticles, the nanoparticles are disposed inside the matrix, the refractive index of the matrix is greater than that of the nanoparticles, and the second interface is formed between the matrix and the first material layer.

4. The display device of claim 3, wherein a third interface is formed between the nanoparticle surface and the matrix;

at least a part of the second light ray sequentially penetrates through the first interface and the second interface and then reaches the third interface, and the light ray is totally reflected at the third interface and then emitted from the packaging layer.

5. The display device of claim 1, wherein the light control member further comprises a third layer of material disposed adjacent to the second layer of material and forming a fifth interface with the second layer of material;

at least one part of the second light rays sequentially penetrate through the first interface and the second interface and then reach the fifth interface, and the light rays are emitted from the packaging layer after being totally reflected at the fifth interface.

6. The display device of claim 1, wherein the light control member further comprises a third layer of material disposed adjacent to the second layer of material and forming a sixth interface with the first layer of material;

7. A display device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the light control member is ring-shaped, the light control member being arranged around the lighting unit.

8. A display device as claimed in claim 7, characterised in that the opening of the light control member is gradually increasing in the light emission direction of the lighting unit.

9. A display device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the light control means comprises a plurality of light control sub-elements arranged in a circular array, the light emitting units being located in the circular array.

10. A display device as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the first interface surface is a tapered surface having a taper angle in the range of 20 ° to 90 °.

11. The display device according to claim 7, wherein the first interface is one or a combination of concave arc surface, convex arc surface, conical surface and step surface.

12. A display device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the lighting unit is one of a red lighting unit, a green lighting unit or a blue lighting unit, the light control being arranged around one or more of the lighting units.

13. A display device, comprising:

a substrate;

a light emitting unit on the substrate;

an encapsulation layer covering the light emitting unit; and

the light control part is positioned in the packaging layer and comprises a first material layer and a second material layer, the first material layer and the second material layer are sequentially arranged along the light emitting direction of the light emitting unit, a first interface is formed between the first material layer and the packaging layer, a second interface is formed between the second material layer and the first material layer, and a fourth interface is formed between the second material layer and the packaging layer;

the second light ray penetrates through the packaging layer and then propagates towards the optical control part, at least one part of the second light ray is emitted from the packaging layer after being totally reflected at the first interface, at least one part of the second light ray penetrates through the first interface and reaches the second interface, the light ray is emitted from the packaging layer after being totally reflected at the second interface, and at least one part of the second light ray is emitted from the packaging layer after being totally reflected at the fourth interface.

14. The display device according to claim 13, wherein the second material layer includes a nanoparticle material, and the first material layer and the second material layer are stacked in a light emission direction of the light emitting unit.

15. An electronic device, characterized in that the electronic device comprises:

a housing; and

the display device of any one of claims 1-14, the housing being integrated with the display device.