CN113176307B - Multilayer soil moisture content measuring method of multilayer soil moisture content meter based on frequency dielectric reflection FDR measurement - Google Patents
Multilayer soil moisture content measuring method of multilayer soil moisture content meter based on frequency dielectric reflection FDR measurement Download PDFInfo
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- CN113176307B CN113176307B CN202110458420.4A CN202110458420A CN113176307B CN 113176307 B CN113176307 B CN 113176307B CN 202110458420 A CN202110458420 A CN 202110458420A CN 113176307 B CN113176307 B CN 113176307B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 8
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- 239000003433 contraceptive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance
- G01N27/223—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance for determining moisture content, e.g. humidity
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multilayer soil moisture content meter based on Frequency Dielectric Reflection (FDR) measurement, which comprises a sleeving cylinder, wherein an extension rod is installed at one end of the sleeving cylinder, a hollow connecting rod is fixed at the tail end of the extension rod, an adjusting short rod is in threaded connection with the surface of the connecting rod, a state prompt groove and a multifunctional detection groove are formed in the surface of the adjusting short rod, a processing supporting plate with the same diameter is installed on the inner wall of the sleeving cylinder, the tail end of a connecting bolt is detachably connected with a top cover plate, and a debugging plate is installed on the surface of one side, far away from the sleeving cylinder, of the top cover plate. According to the invention, the adjusting short rod is arranged, the extrusion action on the pressure test plate is adjusted by controlling the extension distance of the electric telescopic rod inside, the contact state of the metal guide sheet and the metal spring is changed, the working state of the multifunctional detection groove on the surface of the adjusting short rod is adjusted, the auxiliary device can adjust the distance between data acquisition while realizing multi-node data acquisition, and the device is more convenient and flexible.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil moisture content measurement, in particular to a multilayer soil moisture content meter based on Frequency Dielectric Reflection (FDR) measurement.
Background
The multilayer soil moisture content meter with the FDR function utilizes the electromagnetic pulse principle, according to the electromagnetic wave frequency of propagation in the medium come the apparent dielectric constant of measurement soil to obtain soil volume water content, FDR has advantages such as simple and convenient safety, it is quick accurate, the fixed point is continuous, automatic, wide range, mark less, through the water content that detects soil, can provide the test data to fields such as agricultural irrigation, the monitoring and early warning that the slope collapses, and meadow pasture, scientific experiment, it plays the auxiliary judgement effect to its better development.
The existing soil moisture content measuring device has the defects that:
1. comparison document CN211505514U discloses a multilayer soil water content detector, "including adjusting pole, hand (hold), antiskid cover, thorn head and detector, the bottom fixedly connected with detector of adjusting the pole, and the central point of detector bottom puts the fixedly connected with thorn head of department, the surface of thorn head is provided with protection machanism, fixedly connected with stop gear on the lateral wall of regulation pole, stop gear's inside has set gradually master, curb plate, articulated piece and limiting plate, all fixedly connected with curb plates on the both sides wall of master, and the below of curb plate all is provided with the limiting plate, the top fixedly connected with hand (hold) of adjusting the pole, and the surface of hand (hold) is provided with the antiskid cover, be provided with latch mechanism on the lateral wall of hand (hold). The utility model not only realizes the portable function of the multilayer soil water content detector, realizes the limit function when the multilayer soil water content detector is used, but also realizes the protection function of the multilayer soil water content detector, but the device can not realize the flexible adjustment of the spacing distance of the detection position, which leads the device to be incapable of carrying out differentiation adjustment aiming at the shallow layer of the earth surface and the deeper earth layer of the earth surface;
2. the reference CN209356492U discloses a soil moisture content measuring instrument device, which can be used to drive a rotating sleeve to move downward by pressing a rotating knob downward to make a limiting rod at the lower end of the rotating sleeve fit with a limiting groove, and then start to rotate the rotating knob to drive the rotating sleeve to rotate inside a fixed sleeve, so as to drive the rotating tube at the lower end to rotate inside the fixed sleeve, so that a threaded rod slowly descends inside the fixed sleeve, so that a moisture measuring probe at the front end of the threaded rod contacts with the ground to measure the soil moisture content, and when not in use, the rotating knob can be rotated reversely to separate the moisture measuring probe from the ground and place the moisture measuring probe inside a sealed tube to protect the moisture measuring probe, but when the device is used for soil moisture content detection operation, the detection result of the device is single due to the fact that diversified processing cannot be carried out on the detection content;
3. the reference CN208443835U discloses a detector convenient for measuring soil water content in the field, which comprises a columnar shell, wherein the shell comprises an embedded end and a free end, a conical head is arranged on the embedded end, a detector for detecting the soil water content is arranged in the conical head, the conical head comprises a plurality of supporting frames, and an arc-shaped protection plate is slidably connected between the adjacent supporting frames; a screw rod is rotatably connected in the embedded end, one end of the screw rod is rotatably connected with a connecting disc, and a connecting rod is hinged between the connecting disc and the arc-shaped protection plate; a motor is arranged in the free end, and the output end of the motor is connected with the other end of the screw rod; can dismantle on the free end and be connected with power supply system, power supply system links to each other with motor and detector respectively, and power supply system is fitted with a contraceptive ring and is equipped with the rectangle holding tank including becoming cylindrical battery, the articulated folding photovoltaic board that has in the holding tank. When the vegetation shuttles back and forth, because whole detector is the column, does not have any external device, so the vegetation is difficult to twine with it ", but the device is when carrying out soil water content detection operation, lacks corresponding localization tracking device and data timing conveyer, leads to the device to be difficult to retrieve after losing, increases the acquisition cost of device, and the data that the device was gathered can not realize in time uploading, is difficult to realize the structure of database, can't realize subsequent data sharing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multilayer soil moisture content meter based on Frequency Dielectric Reflection (FDR) measurement, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a multilayer soil moisture content meter based on frequency dielectric reflection FDR measurement comprises a sleeving cylinder, one end of the sleeve cylinder is provided with a hollow extension rod, the tail end of the extension rod is fixed with a hollow connecting rod, the surface of the connecting rod is provided with threads, the threads on the surface of the connecting rod are connected with a short adjusting rod, the surface of the short adjusting rod is provided with a state prompting groove and a multifunctional detection groove, the multifunctional detection groove is positioned at one side of the state prompt groove far away from the extension rod, the inner wall of the sleeve cylinder is provided with a processing supporting plate with equal diameter, four groups of threaded connectors are arranged on the surface of the sleeve cylinder in a surrounding way, connecting bolts are connected inside the threaded connectors, the tail end of the connecting bolt is detachably connected with a top cover plate, the surface of the top cover plate is also provided with four groups of threaded connecting pieces in a surrounding mode, and the surface of one side, far away from the sleeve cylinder, of the top cover plate is provided with a debugging plate.
Preferably, the inner wall of adjusting the quarter butt is equipped with the internal thread, the internal thread sets up the length of length and connecting rod equal, the single festival length of adjusting the quarter butt is 50cm, the backing plate of uniform diameter is installed to the inner wall of adjusting the quarter butt, one side surface mounting that the backing plate is close to the extension rod has two sets of symmetrical arrangement's electric telescopic handle, electric telescopic handle's tail end is installed and is adjusted the pressure test board of quarter butt uniform diameter, the internally mounted of pressure test board has pressure sensors, pressure sensors and multi-functional detection tank electric connection, one side surface mounting that pressure test board is close to the extension rod has metal plectane, metal plectane and multi-functional detection tank electric connection, one side surface mounting that metal plectane is close to the extension rod has metal spring, and metal spring's projection diameter is less than the diameter of adjusting the quarter butt.
Preferably, FDR treater and infrared camera lens are installed to the inside diapire of multi-functional detection groove, and infrared camera lens is located one side of FDR treater, and the transparent frame is installed at the top of multi-functional detection groove, and digital temperature sensor and two sets of symmetrical arrangement's pressure sensor are installed to the top of transparent frame, and digital temperature sensor is located one side of pressure sensor.
Preferably, one side surface mounting who handles the fagging and be close to the lamina tecti has GPS locator and PLC controller, PLC controller and the inside pressure sensors of pressure survey test panel, FDR treater, infrared camera lens, digital temperature sensor and pressure sensor electric connection, and the PLC controller is one side of GPS locator, handles one side surface mounting that the fagging is close to the lamina tecti and has the lithium cell, lithium cell and PLC controller symmetrical arrangement, the surface mounting of lithium cell has the universal meter.
Preferably, a warning light and a second warning light are installed to the inside diapire in state suggestion groove, and No. two warning lights are located one side of a warning light, and a warning light and a second warning light all with the inside pressure sensors electric connection of ressure measurement board, and the water proof protection shield is installed at the top in state suggestion groove.
Preferably, the lantern ring has been cup jointed on the surface of extension rod, and the surface mounting of lantern ring has two sets of symmetrical arrangement's shackle, and flexible inserted bar is installed to the tail end of shackle, and the tail end of flexible inserted bar is the design of triangle point taper shape.
Preferably, the top cover plate is close to the rubber sleeve plate with an open design on the surface of one side of the sleeve cylinder, and the mounting position and the size of the rubber sleeve plate correspond to those of the lithium battery.
Preferably, the surface mounting of debugging board has four groups of parallel arrangement's display screen, and the surface mounting of debugging board has operating button, and operating button is located one side of display screen, operating button and electric telescopic handle and PLC controller electric connection.
Preferably, two sets of metal guide sheets are symmetrically arranged at the tail end of the connecting rod, and the diameter of each metal guide sheet is smaller than that of the connecting rod.
Preferably, the working steps of the device are as follows:
s1, before a tester uses the device to detect the soil moisture content, the tester needs to drill the soil to be detected by means of drilling equipment, then selects a proper number of adjusting short rods according to the soil depth to be detected, connects the adjusting short rods with the extension rods by using the threads on the outer surfaces of the connecting rods, and then connects the connecting rods arranged at the tail ends of the adjusting short rods with another group of adjusting short rods according to the measured depth data to realize multi-stage splicing, so that the number of nodes of the device can be flexibly expanded, and the installation depth can be flexibly configured;
s2, according to the slope stability monitoring requirements and actual rock-soil layer conditions in different areas, an electric telescopic rod inside an adjusting short rod can be started to drive a pressure test plate, a metal circular plate and a metal spring to move, so that the metal spring is overlapped with internal threads arranged on the inner wall of the adjusting short rod, when a connecting rod is in threaded connection with the adjusting short rod, a metal guide sheet at the tail end of the connecting rod can be screwed along with the connecting rod threads to extrude the metal spring, a pressure sensor inside the pressure test plate connected with the metal spring is further pressed, after a preset threshold value is exceeded, a first prompt lamp is turned on to represent that the metal guide sheet is tightly connected with the metal spring at the moment, and at the moment, a multifunctional detection groove on the surface of the adjusting short rod can normally detect soil at the depth;
s3, if it is necessary to perform interval detection operation for soil depth, for example, at the shallow layer of the earth surface, a detection point is configured at every 0.5 m depth within 2 m, and a detection point is configured at every 1 m below 2 m underground, then the electric telescopic rod in the adjusting short rod at the corresponding position can be started until the first prompting lamp is lighted, and the telescopic distance of the electric telescopic rod on the surface can be adjusted for the adjusting short rod which does not need to be detected, whether the metal spring is overlapped with the internal thread of the inner wall of the adjusting short rod or not is adjusted, so that the contact state between the metal guide sheet and the metal spring is switched, the pressure sensor in the pressure test plate cannot detect the extrusion effect transmitted by the metal spring at the moment, and the second indicator light is turned on to represent that the multifunctional detection groove on the surface of the adjusting short rod which does not need to be detected is not in a detection state, so that the aim of unequal-distance multi-node detection of the device is fulfilled conveniently;
s4, putting the debugged and assembled testing device into a hole with a pre-drilled number, inserting the tail end of the telescopic inserted rod into the soil layer around the hole, fixing the top of the device, ensuring that the device is suspended in the hole, and avoiding the influence of soil on the surface of the device and the reliability of the subsequent pressure sensor detection data;
s5, when detecting soil moisture content, the FDR processor can emit electromagnetic wave with fixed frequency, and measure the moisture content of each soil layer by means of the frequency change of the electromagnetic wave in different dielectric coefficient materials, and shoot the soil condition of the detection position by the infrared camera lens, so as to obtain more comprehensive soil layer structure information, at the same time, the temperature of the soil layer of the multifunctional detection groove can be detected by the digital temperature sensor, and whether the water seepage phenomenon exists in the soil layer of the multifunctional detection groove is judged by comparing the data detected by the two sets of pressure sensors;
s6, after multi-aspect data detection is carried out on soil layers of different depths through the multifunctional detection groove, corresponding data can be uploaded to a large database through the PLC, so that the data can be called later, and when a loss accident happens, the device can be positioned by means of an internal GPS positioner and is convenient to find.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, by installing the adjusting short rod which comprises the backing plate, the electric telescopic rod, the pressure test plate, the metal circular plate and the metal spring, the electric telescopic rod which is installed in the adjusting short rod through the backing plate can be started according to the monitoring requirements of the slope stability and the actual rock-soil layer condition in different areas, the pressure test plate, the metal circular plate and the metal spring are driven to move, so that the metal spring is superposed with the internal threads arranged on the inner wall of the adjusting short rod, then when the connecting rod is in threaded connection with the adjusting short rod, the metal guide sheet at the tail end of the connecting rod can be screwed along with the connecting rod thread to extrude the metal spring, further, a pressure sensor in the pressure test plate connected with the metal spring is pressed, after a preset threshold value is exceeded, the first prompting lamp is lightened, and the metal guide sheet is closely connected with the metal spring at the moment and forms a series connection structure with the metal circular plate, the multifunctional detection groove on the surface of the short rod is convenient to adjust to realize electrification, and the multifunctional detection groove on the surface of the short rod can normally carry out detection work on the deep soil at the moment.
2. The invention is provided with a multifunctional detection groove, which consists of an FDR processor, an infrared camera lens, a transparent frame, a pressure sensor and a digital temperature sensor, wherein the FDR processor measures the water content of each soil layer according to the frequency change of electromagnetic waves emitted by an instrument in substances with different dielectric coefficients, an auxiliary device realizes the soil layer water content detection work, the infrared camera lens can shoot the soil layer structure condition at the position of the multifunctional detection groove and transmit related image information back to the interior of a PLC (programmable logic controller) so as to analyze the soil layer structure at the position at a later stage, the auxiliary device carries out the monitoring and early warning of slope collapse and the monitoring work of roadbeds and bridges, the digital temperature sensor arranged on the surface of the transparent frame can detect the soil layer temperature at the position of the multifunctional detection groove, when the surface of a regulating short rod is soaked in a water body seeped out from the inside a hole, two groups of pressure sensors on the surface of the transparent frame are simultaneously acted by water body hydraulic pressure to indicate that accumulated water exists in the hole at the position of the adjusting short rod, and more specific data information can be obtained.
3. The invention is provided with the processing supporting plate, when the GPS positioner consisting of the GPS positioner, the PLC, the lithium battery and the universal meter is lost when the sleeve cylinder connected with the GPS positioner is lost, the PLC controller can find back the data detected by the FDR processor, the infrared camera lens, the digital temperature sensor and the pressure sensor which are electrically connected with the PLC controller through an internal integrated circuit through the positioning and tracking effect displayed by the GPS locator to reduce the equipment loss, at the regular intervals after the adjustment of the debugging board, the data are uploaded to a big data system according to the corresponding timing frequency to collect the data of the database, the lithium battery can provide uA-level quiescent current for the power elements of the device, can ensure that the power elements have stable working voltage, the surplus electric quantity of accessible universal meter detection lithium cell in the use to remind the tester in time to carry out the electric quantity to the lithium cell and supply.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure at position A of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the top cover plate, threaded connector, connecting bolt and adjustment plate mounting structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a status prompt slot structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the installation structure of the adjusting short rod and the multifunctional detection slot of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a backing plate, an electric telescopic rod, a pressure test plate, a metal circular plate and a metal spring according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the multifunctional test slot of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the installation structure of the sleeving cylinder and the processing supporting plate of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a connecting rod structure of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the installation structure of the top cover plate, the threaded connection member and the rubber sheathing plate of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. sleeving a cylinder; 101. a top cover plate; 102. a threaded connection; 103. a connecting bolt; 104. A rubber sheathing board; 2. an extension rod; 201. a collar; 202. a shackle; 203. a telescopic inserted link; 3. a status prompt slot; 301. a first prompting lamp; 302. a second prompting lamp; 303. a waterproof protection plate; 4. adjusting the short rod; 401. a base plate; 402. an electric telescopic rod; 403. a pressure test plate; 404. a metal circular plate; 405. a metal spring; 5. a multifunctional detection tank; 501. an FDR processor; 502. an infrared camera lens; 503. a transparent frame; 504. a pressure sensor; 505. a digital temperature sensor; 6. processing a supporting plate; 601. A GPS locator; 602. a PLC controller; 603. a lithium battery; 604. a universal meter; 7. debugging the board; 701. a display screen; 702. an operation button; 8. a connecting rod; 801. a metal guide plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-10, an embodiment of the present invention is shown: a multilayer soil moisture content meter based on frequency dielectric reflection FDR measurement comprises a sleeve cylinder 1, a hollow extension rod 2 is installed at one end of the sleeve cylinder 1, the sleeve cylinder 1 can provide a relatively closed space for processing a supporting plate 6 so as to enable power elements inside the supporting plate 6 to operate normally and reduce the possibility of damage caused by collision outside, the extension rod 2 provides a connection and installation effect for a connecting rod 8 and the sleeve cylinder 1, the device can be fixedly hung in the middle of a pre-drilled hole by means of a sleeve ring 201 and a telescopic insertion rod 203 on the surface, an internal soil block single-side extrusion device is avoided, a hollow connecting rod 8 is fixed at the tail end of the extension rod 2, threads are arranged on the surface of the connecting rod 8, an adjusting short rod 4 is connected to the threads on the surface of the connecting rod 8, in the device, the connecting rod 8 and the adjusting short rod 4 are arranged at intervals, and therefore the connecting rod 8 and the adjusting short rod 4 are connected through the threads, the matching number can be flexibly adjusted, so that the auxiliary device achieves the purpose that the number of nodes can be flexibly expanded, the extending distance of the short rod 4 is adjusted by controlling the internal electric telescopic rod 402, the extrusion action on the pressure test plate 403 is adjusted, the contact state of the metal guide plate 801 and the metal spring 405 is changed, the working state of the multifunctional detection groove 5 on the surface of the short rod 4 is adjusted, the auxiliary device achieves multi-node data acquisition and can adjust the distance between data acquisition, the operation is more convenient and flexible, the state prompt groove 3 and the multifunctional detection groove 5 are arranged on the surface of the short rod 4, the multifunctional detection groove 5 is positioned on one side, far away from the extending rod 2, of the state prompt groove 3, whether the first prompt lamp 301 and the second prompt lamp 302 in the state prompt groove 3 are lighted or not, and a tester can conveniently and quickly know whether the multifunctional detection groove 5 is in the working state or not, so as to continuously adjust the extension distance of the electric telescopic rod 402 until the installation requirement is met, the inner wall of the socket cylinder 1 is provided with the processing supporting plate 6 with equal diameter, the processing supporting plate 6 can realize the purposes of anti-theft position tracking and timing uploading of collected data through the surface-mounted GPS positioner 601 and the PLC 602, the auxiliary device can realize the purposes of anti-theft position tracking and timing uploading of collected data, the surface of the socket cylinder 1 is surrounded and arranged with four groups of threaded connectors 102, the internal part of the threaded connector 102 is connected with a connecting bolt 103, the tail end of the connecting bolt 103 is detachably connected with a top cover plate 101, the surface of the socket cylinder 1 is surrounded and arranged with four groups of threaded connectors 102, the threaded connector 102 surrounded and arranged on the surface of the top cover plate 101 is aligned with the threaded connector 102 surrounded and arranged on the surface of the top cover plate 101, the connecting bolt 103 is inserted into the threaded hole inside the threaded connector 102, and is screwed tightly by rotation, thereby realizing the detachable connection between the top cover plate 101 and the socket cylinder 1, conveniently take off lamina tecti 101 and overhaul the electric elements on internal processing fagging 6 surface, lamina tecti 101 keeps away from one side surface mounting who cup joints cylinder 1 has debugging board 7, and debugging board 7 can set up the adjustment when sending the timing of PLC controller 602 for a long time, and then auxiliary device realizes real-time-24 hours this interval in the adjustment of uploading the frequency.
The inner wall of the adjusting short rod 4 is provided with an internal thread, the setting length of the internal thread is equal to that of the connecting rod 8, the length of a single section of the adjusting short rod 4 is 50cm, a backing plate 401 with the same diameter is installed on the inner wall of the adjusting short rod 4, two groups of electric telescopic rods 402 which are symmetrically arranged are installed on the surface of one side, close to the extension rod 2, of the backing plate 401, a pressure test plate 403 with the same diameter as the adjusting short rod 4 is installed at the tail end of each electric telescopic rod 402, a pressure sensor is installed inside each pressure test plate 403, the pressure sensor is electrically connected with the multifunctional detection groove 5, a metal circular plate 404 is installed on the surface of one side, close to the extension rod 2, of each metal circular plate 404, a metal spring 405 is installed on the surface of one side, close to the extension rod 2, the projection diameter of each metal spring 405 is smaller than that of the adjusting short rod 4, according to the slope stability monitoring requirements and the actual rock and soil layer conditions in different regions, the electric telescopic rod 402 installed inside the adjusting short rod 4 through the backing plate 401 can be started to drive the pressure test plate 403, the metal circular plate 404 and the metal spring 405 to move, so that the metal spring 405 is overlapped with the internal thread arranged on the inner wall of the adjusting short rod 4, and then when the connecting rod 8 is in threaded connection with the adjusting short rod 4, the metal guide plate 801 at the tail end presses the metal spring 405 along with the screwing of the connecting rod 8, and further the pressure sensor inside the pressure test plate 403 connected to the metal spring 405 is pressed, and after a predetermined threshold value is exceeded, the first indicator light 301 is lighted, which means that the metal guide plate 801 is tightly connected with the metal spring 405, and the multifunctional detection groove 5 on the surface of the adjusting short rod 4 is convenient to realize electrification by forming a structure connected in series with the metal circular plate 404, and the multifunctional detection groove 5 on the surface of the adjusting short rod 4 can normally detect the soil at the depth.
An FDR processor 501 and an infrared camera lens 502 are installed on the bottom wall inside the multifunctional detection tank 5, the infrared camera lens 502 is located on one side of the FDR processor 501, a transparent frame 503 is installed on the top of the multifunctional detection tank 5, a digital temperature sensor 505 and two groups of symmetrically arranged pressure sensors 504 are installed on the top of the transparent frame 503, the digital temperature sensor 505 is located on one side of the pressure sensor 504, the FDR processor 501 measures the water content of each soil layer according to the frequency change of electromagnetic waves emitted by an instrument in substances with different dielectric coefficients, the auxiliary device realizes the soil layer water content detection work, the infrared camera lens 502 can shoot the soil layer structure condition at the position of the multifunctional detection tank 5 and transmits relevant image information back to the PLC 602 so as to analyze the soil layer structure at the position at a later stage, and the auxiliary device carries out slope collapse monitoring early warning, roadbed monitoring, road bed monitoring and road bed, The bridge monitoring work, and the digital temperature sensor 505 of transparent frame 503 surface mounting can detect the soil layer temperature of this multi-functional detection groove 5 position department, and when adjusting the inside water that oozes of short pole 4 surface soaking in the hole, two sets of pressure sensor 504 on transparent frame 503 surface receive water hydraulic pressure effect simultaneously, show that there is ponding in the hole of this regulation short pole 4 position, can obtain more concrete data information.
A GPS positioner 601 and a PLC 602 are arranged on the surface of one side of the processing supporting plate 6 close to the top cover plate 101, the PLC 602 is electrically connected with a pressure sensor, an FDR processor 501, an infrared camera lens 502, a digital temperature sensor 505 and a pressure sensor 504 which are arranged inside the pressure test plate 403, the PLC 602 is one side of the GPS positioner 601, a lithium battery 603 is arranged on the surface of one side of the processing supporting plate 6 close to the top cover plate 101, the lithium battery 603 and the PLC 602 are symmetrically arranged, a universal meter 604 is arranged on the surface of the lithium battery 603, when the socket cylinder 1 connected with the GPS positioner 601 is lost, the GPS positioner 601 can find back the data in time through the positioning tracking effect displayed by the GPS positioner 601 to reduce the equipment loss, the PLC 602 uses an internal integrated circuit to provide the data detected by the FDR processor 501, the infrared camera lens 502, the digital temperature sensor 505 and the pressure sensor 504 which are electrically connected with the PLC 602, at the interval of timing after debugging board 7 adjusts, upload to big data system according to corresponding timing frequency, carry out the collection of database data, and lithium cell 603 can provide uA level quiescent current for the electric power component of device, can guarantee that electric power component has stable operating voltage, and accessible universal meter 604 detects the residual capacity of lithium cell 603 in the use to remind the tester in time to carry out the electric quantity to lithium cell 603 and supply.
The first prompting lamp 301 and the second prompting lamp 302 are installed on the bottom wall inside the state prompting groove 3, the second prompting lamp 302 is located on one side of the first prompting lamp 301, the first prompting lamp 301 and the second prompting lamp 302 are both electrically connected with a pressure sensor inside the pressure testing plate 403, the waterproof protective plate 303 is installed on the top of the state prompting groove 3, the waterproof protective plate 303 can effectively prevent water vapor inside the testing hole from corroding the first prompting lamp 301 and the second prompting lamp 302, the safety of the first prompting lamp 301 and the second prompting lamp 302 is protected, and in addition, when the first prompting lamp 301 is turned on, the multifunctional detection groove 5 on the surface of the adjusting short rod 4 is in a working state, when the second indicator light 302 is on, the multifunctional detection groove 5 which represents the surface of the adjusting short rod 4 is in a non-working state, so that detection personnel can conveniently know the debugging result when adjusting the data acquisition interval.
The surface of the extension rod 2 is sleeved with a lantern ring 201, two groups of symmetrically arranged hook chains 202 are mounted on the surface of the lantern ring 201, a telescopic insertion rod 203 is mounted at the tail end of each hook chain 202, the tail end of the telescopic insertion rod 203 is in a triangular pointed cone shape design, after the device is matched and mounted, the tail end of the telescopic insertion rod 203 can be inserted into a soil layer on the periphery of a pre-drilled hole with the help of the hook chains 202 on the surface of the lantern ring 201, the whole device is hung in the air inside the hole, and the surface of the device is prevented from being extruded and scratched by soil and soil blocks in the hole.
The top cover plate 101 is close to the rubber lagging 104 that cup joints the open design of one side surface mounting of cylinder 1, and the mounted position and the size of rubber lagging 104 are corresponding with lithium cell 603, and rubber lagging 104 can wrap up the surface of lithium cell 603, and then carries out spacing fixed to lithium cell 603, protects the safety in utilization of lithium cell 603.
The surface mounting of debugging board 7 has four sets of parallel arrangement's display screen 701, the surface mounting of debugging board 7 has operating button 702, and operating button 702 is located one side of display screen 701, operating button 702 and electric telescopic handle 402 and PLC controller 602 electric connection, describe according to operating button 702 surface function, utilize operating button 702 to carry out regularly setting to PLC controller 602, and show through display screen 701, make things convenient for the tester in time to adjust the frequency that PLC controller 602 uploaded regularly.
Two sets of metal guide plates 801 which are symmetrically arranged are installed at the tail end of the connecting rod 8, the diameter of each metal guide plate 801 is smaller than that of the connecting rod 8, and the metal guide plates 801 are connected with the metal springs 405 to form a closed passage so as to control the working state of the multifunctional detection groove 5 on the surface of the adjusting short rod 4 connected with the metal guide plates 801.
The working steps of the device are as follows:
s1, before a tester uses the device to detect the soil moisture content, the tester needs to drill the soil to be detected by means of drilling equipment, then selects a proper number of adjusting short rods 4 according to the soil depth to be detected, connects the adjusting short rods 4 with the extension rod 2 by using the threads on the outer surface of the connecting rod 8, and then connects the connecting rod 8 installed at the tail end of the adjusting short rod 4 with another group of adjusting short rods 4 according to the measured depth data, thereby realizing multi-stage splicing, flexibly expanding the node number of the device and flexibly configuring the installation depth;
s2, according to the slope stability monitoring requirements and the actual rock-soil layer conditions in different areas, an electric telescopic rod 402 inside an adjusting short rod 4 can be started to drive a pressure test plate 403, a metal circular plate 404 and a metal spring 405 to move, so that the metal spring 405 is overlapped with internal threads arranged on the inner wall of the adjusting short rod 4, then when a connecting rod 8 is in threaded connection with the adjusting short rod 4, a metal guide sheet 801 at the tail end of the connecting rod can be screwed along with the threads of the connecting rod 8 to extrude the metal spring 405, further, a pressure sensor inside the pressure test plate 403 connected with the metal spring 405 is pressed, after a preset threshold value is exceeded, a first prompting lamp 301 is turned on to represent that the metal guide sheet 801 is tightly connected with the metal spring 405 at the moment, and at the moment, a multifunctional detection groove 5 on the surface of the adjusting short rod 4 can normally detect soil at the depth;
s3, if it is necessary to perform interval detection operation for soil depth, for example, at the shallow layer of the ground surface, a detection point is configured at every 0.5 m depth within 2 m, and a detection point is configured at every 1 m below 2 m, then the electric telescopic rod 402 inside the adjusting short rod 4 at the corresponding position can be started until the first prompting lamp 301 is turned on, the telescopic distance of the electric telescopic rod 402 on the surface can be adjusted for the adjusting short rod 4 which does not need to be detected, and further whether the metal spring 405 overlaps with the internal thread on the inner wall of the adjusting short rod 4 is adjusted, so as to switch the contact state between the metal guide plate 801 and the metal spring 405, at this time, the pressure sensor inside the pressure test plate 403 cannot detect the squeezing action transmitted by the metal spring 405, at this time, the second prompting lamp 302 is turned on, which means that the multifunctional detection groove 5 on the surface of the adjusting short rod 4 which does not need to be detected is not in the detection state, therefore, the device is convenient for carrying out unequal distance multi-node detection;
s4, putting the debugged and assembled testing device into a hole with a pre-drilled number, inserting the tail end of the telescopic insertion rod 203 into the soil layer around the hole, fixing the top of the device, ensuring that the device is suspended in the hole, and avoiding the influence of soil on the surface of the device and the reliability of the subsequent pressure sensor 504 on detection data;
s5, when soil moisture content detection operation is carried out, the FDR processor 501 can emit electromagnetic waves with fixed frequency outwards, the moisture content of each soil layer is measured by means of frequency change of the electromagnetic waves emitted by an instrument in substances with different dielectric coefficients, the soil texture condition at the detection position can be shot through the infrared camera lens 502, so that more comprehensive soil layer structure information can be obtained, meanwhile, the temperature of the soil layer where the multifunctional detection tank 5 is located can be detected through the digital temperature sensor 505, and whether the water seepage phenomenon exists in the soil layer where the multifunctional detection tank 5 is located is judged by comparing data detected by the two sets of pressure sensors 504;
s6, after multi-aspect data detection is carried out on soil layers of different depths through the multifunctional detection groove 5, corresponding data can be uploaded to a large database through the PLC 602 so as to be convenient for later retrieval, and when a loss accident happens, the device can be positioned by means of the GPS positioner 601 inside and is convenient to retrieve.
The working principle is as follows: before the tester uses the device to detect the soil moisture content, the tester needs to drill the soil to be detected by means of drilling equipment, then selects a proper number of adjusting short rods 4 according to the soil depth to be tested, then connects the adjusting short rods 4 with the extension rod 2 by using the threads on the outer surface of the connecting rod 8, then connects the connecting rod 8 arranged at the tail end of the adjusting short rod 4 with the other group of adjusting short rods 4 according to the measured depth data, further realizes multi-stage splicing, so that the node number of the device can be flexibly expanded, the installation depth can be flexibly configured, the electric telescopic rod 402 in the adjusting short rod 4 can be started according to the slope stability monitoring requirements and the actual rock-soil layer conditions in different areas, the pressure test board 403, the metal circular plate 404 and the metal spring 405 are driven to move, and the metal spring 405 is overlapped with the internal threads arranged on the inner wall of the adjusting short rod 4, then when the connecting rod 8 is in threaded connection with the adjusting short rod 4, the metal guide piece 801 at the tail end of the connecting rod can be screwed along with the connecting rod 8 to extrude the metal spring 405, so as to press a pressure sensor in the pressure test board 403 connected with the metal spring 405, after a preset threshold value is exceeded, the first prompting lamp 301 is turned on to represent that the metal guide piece 801 is tightly connected with the metal spring 405 at the moment, the multifunctional detection groove 5 on the surface of the adjusting short rod 4 can normally detect the soil with the depth, if interval type detection operation needs to be carried out on the soil depth, for example, a detection point is arranged at the shallow layer of the ground surface and at the depth of 0.5 meter in 2 meters, a detection point is arranged at the position of 2 meters below and at the position of 1 meter below, at the moment, the electric telescopic rod 402 in the adjusting short rod 4 at the corresponding position can be started until the first prompting lamp 301 is turned on, aiming at the adjusting short rod 4 which does not need to detect, the telescopic distance of the electric telescopic rod 402 on the surface can be adjusted, and further whether the metal spring 405 is overlapped with the internal thread on the inner wall of the adjusting short rod 4 is adjusted, so that the contact state between the metal guide plate 801 and the metal spring 405 is switched, at the moment, the pressure sensor in the pressure test plate 403 cannot detect the extrusion effect transmitted by the metal spring 405, at the moment, the second indicator light 302 is turned on to represent that the multifunctional detection groove 5 on the surface of the adjusting short rod 4 which does not need to be detected is not in a detection state, so that the device can conveniently carry out unequal distance multi-node detection, then the debugged and assembled testing device is put into a pre-drilled hole, the tail end of the telescopic inserted rod 203 is inserted into the soil layer at the periphery of the hole, the top of the device is fixed, the device can be ensured to be suspended in the hole, and the soil is prevented from being attached to the surface of the device, the reliability of the data detected by the subsequent pressure sensor 504 is affected, when the soil moisture content detection operation is performed, the FDR processor 501 may emit electromagnetic waves with fixed frequency outwards, the moisture content of each soil layer is detected by means of the frequency change of the electromagnetic waves emitted by the instrument in different dielectric coefficient substances, and the corresponding data may be uploaded to a large database through the PLC controller 602 for later retrieval.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (7)
1. A multilayer soil moisture content measuring method of a multilayer soil moisture content meter based on frequency dielectric reflection FDR measurement is achieved through the multilayer soil moisture content meter based on the frequency dielectric reflection FDR measurement, the multilayer soil moisture content meter based on the frequency dielectric reflection FDR measurement comprises a sleeving cylinder (1), a hollow extension rod (2) is installed at one end of the sleeving cylinder (1), a lantern ring (201) is sleeved on the surface of the extension rod (2), two groups of symmetrically arranged hook chains (202) are installed on the surface of the lantern ring (201), a telescopic insertion rod (203) is installed at the tail end of each hook chain (202), and the tail end of each telescopic insertion rod (203) is designed in a triangular-tip-cone shape;
a hollow connecting rod (8) is fixed at the tail end of the extension rod (2), threads are arranged on the surface of the connecting rod (8), and two groups of metal guide vanes (801) which are symmetrically arranged are mounted at the tail end of the connecting rod (8);
the surface of the connecting rod (8) is in threaded connection with an adjusting short rod (4), the surface of the adjusting short rod (4) is provided with a state prompting groove (3) and a multifunctional detection groove (5), and the multifunctional detection groove (5) is positioned on one side, away from the extension rod (2), of the state prompting groove (3);
a first prompting lamp (301) and a second prompting lamp (302) are mounted on the bottom wall of the interior of the state prompting groove (3);
the inner wall of the adjusting short rod (4) is provided with a base plate (401) with the same diameter, one side surface of the base plate (401) close to the extension rod (2) is provided with two groups of electric telescopic rods (402) which are symmetrically arranged, the tail end of each electric telescopic rod (402) is provided with a pressure testing plate (403) with the same diameter as the adjusting short rod (4), a pressure sensor is arranged inside each pressure testing plate (403), the pressure sensor is electrically connected with the multifunctional testing groove (5), one side surface of each pressure testing plate (403) close to the extension rod (2) is provided with a metal circular plate (404), the metal circular plate (404) is electrically connected with the multifunctional testing groove (5), one side surface of each metal circular plate (404) close to the extension rod (2) is provided with a metal spring (405), and the projection diameter of each metal spring (405) is smaller than the diameter of the adjusting short rod (4);
an FDR processor (501) and an infrared camera lens (502) are installed on the bottom wall of the interior of the multifunctional detection groove (5), the infrared camera lens (502) is located on one side of the FDR processor (501), a transparent frame (503) is installed on the top of the multifunctional detection groove (5), a digital temperature sensor (505) and two groups of symmetrically arranged pressure sensors (504) are installed on the top of the transparent frame (503), and the digital temperature sensor (505) is located on one side of the pressure sensors (504);
the inner wall of the sleeve cylinder (1) is provided with a treatment supporting plate (6) with equal diameter, the surface of the sleeve cylinder (1) is provided with four groups of threaded connectors (102) in a surrounding manner, the interior of each threaded connector (102) is connected with a connecting bolt (103), the tail end of each connecting bolt (103) is detachably connected with a top cover plate (101) with four groups of threaded connectors (102) in a surrounding manner, and the surface of one side, far away from the sleeve cylinder (1), of the top cover plate (101) is provided with a debugging plate (7);
a GPS positioner (601) and a PLC (programmable logic controller) controller (602) are arranged on the surface of one side of the processing supporting plate (6) close to the top cover plate (101);
the method is characterized by comprising the following working steps of:
s1, before a tester uses the device to detect the soil moisture content, the tester needs to drill the soil to be detected by means of drilling equipment, then selects a proper number of adjusting short rods (4) according to the soil depth to be detected, connects the adjusting short rods (4) with the extension rod (2) by using the threads on the outer surface of the connecting rod (8), and then connects the connecting rod (8) installed at the tail end of the adjusting short rod (4) with another group of adjusting short rods (4) according to the measured depth data to realize multi-stage splicing, so that the number of nodes of the device can be flexibly expanded, and the installation depth can be flexibly configured;
s2, according to the monitoring requirements of the slope stability and the actual rock-soil layer conditions in different areas, the electric telescopic rod (402) in the adjusting short rod (4) can be started to drive the pressure test plate (403), the metal circular plate (404) and the metal spring (405) to move, so that the metal spring (405) is superposed with the internal thread arranged on the inner wall of the adjusting short rod (4), and when the connecting rod (8) is in threaded connection with the adjusting short rod (4), the metal guide sheet (801) at the tail end can extrude the metal spring (405) along with the screwing of the connecting rod (8), further, a pressure sensor inside a pressure test plate (403) connected with the metal spring (405) is pressed, after a preset threshold value is exceeded, the first prompting lamp (301) is turned on to represent that the metal guide piece (801) is tightly connected with the metal spring (405) at the moment, and the multifunctional detection groove (5) on the surface of the adjusting short rod (4) can normally detect the soil at the depth;
s3, when interval detection operation needs to be carried out according to the soil depth, a detection point is configured at the shallow layer of the earth surface every 0.5 meter in 2 meters, a detection point is configured at every 1 meter below 2 meters underground, the electric telescopic rod (402) inside the adjusting short rod (4) at the corresponding position can be started at the moment until the first prompting lamp (301) is turned on, the telescopic distance of the electric telescopic rod (402) on the surface of the adjusting short rod can be adjusted according to the adjusting short rod (4) which does not need to be detected, and further whether the metal spring (405) is overlapped with the internal thread of the inner wall of the adjusting short rod (4) or not is adjusted, so that the contact state between the metal guide sheet (801) and the metal spring (405) is switched, the pressure sensor inside the pressure testing plate (403) cannot detect the extrusion effect transmitted by the metal spring (405), the second prompting lamp (302) is turned on at the moment, and the multifunctional detection groove (5) on the surface of the adjusting short rod (4) which does not need to be detected is not detected The device is convenient to carry out unequal distance multi-node detection;
s4, putting the debugged and assembled testing device into a hole with a pre-drilled number, inserting the tail end of the telescopic insertion rod (203) into the soil layer around the hole, fixing the top of the device, ensuring that the device is suspended in the hole, and avoiding the influence of soil on the surface of the device and the reliability of the subsequent pressure sensor (504) on the detection data;
s5, when soil moisture content detection operation is carried out, the FDR processor (501) can emit electromagnetic waves with fixed frequency outwards, the moisture content of each soil layer is measured by means of frequency change of the electromagnetic waves emitted by an instrument in substances with different dielectric coefficients, the soil texture condition at the detection position can be shot through the infrared camera lens (502), so that more comprehensive soil layer structure information can be obtained, meanwhile, the temperature of the soil layer where the multifunctional detection groove (5) is located can be detected through the digital temperature sensor (505), and whether the water seepage phenomenon exists in the soil layer where the multifunctional detection groove (5) is located is judged by comparing data detected by the two groups of pressure sensors (504);
s6, after multi-aspect data detection is carried out on soil layers of different depths through the multifunctional detection groove (5), corresponding data can be uploaded to a large database through the PLC (602) so as to be called later, and when a loss accident happens, the device can be positioned by means of the GPS (601) inside and is convenient to retrieve.
2. The method for measuring the multilayer soil moisture content of the multilayer soil moisture content meter based on the frequency dielectric reflection FDR measurement as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the inner wall of adjusting quarter butt (4) is equipped with the internal thread, and the length that sets up of internal thread equals with the length of connecting rod (8), and the single section length of adjusting quarter butt (4) is 50 cm.
3. The method for measuring the moisture content of the multilayer soil based on the frequency dielectric reflection FDR measurement of the multilayer soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: PLC controller (602) and the inside pressure sensors of pressure test board (403), FDR treater (501), infrared camera lens (502), digital temperature sensor (505) and pressure sensor (504) electric connection, PLC controller (602) is one side of GPS locator (601), it has lithium cell (603) to handle one side surface that fagging (6) are close to lamina tecti (101), lithium cell (603) and PLC controller (602) symmetrical arrangement, the surface mounting of lithium cell (603) has universal meter (604).
4. The method for measuring the multilayer soil moisture content of the multilayer soil moisture content meter based on the frequency dielectric reflection FDR measurement as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: no. two warning light (302) are located one side of a warning light (301), and a warning light (301) and No. two warning light (302) all with the inside pressure sensors electric connection of ressure test board (403), water proof protection shield (303) are installed to the top in state suggestion groove (3).
5. The method for measuring the multilayer soil moisture content of the multilayer soil moisture content meter based on the frequency dielectric reflection FDR measurement as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the surface of one side of the top cover plate (101) close to the sleeve cylinder (1) is provided with a rubber sleeve plate (104) with an open design, and the mounting position and the size of the rubber sleeve plate (104) correspond to those of the lithium battery (603).
6. The method for measuring the multilayer soil moisture content of the multilayer soil moisture content meter based on the frequency dielectric reflection FDR measurement as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the surface mounting of debugging board (7) has four groups of parallel arrangement's display screen (701), and the surface mounting of debugging board (7) has operating button (702), and operating button (702) are located one side of display screen (701), operating button (702) and electric telescopic handle (402) and PLC controller (602) electric connection.
7. The method for measuring the multilayer soil moisture content of the multilayer soil moisture content meter based on the frequency dielectric reflection FDR measurement as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the diameter of the metal guide sheet (801) is smaller than that of the connecting rod (8).
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