CN113176042A - Gas leakage detection device and detection method - Google Patents
Gas leakage detection device and detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113176042A CN113176042A CN202110347641.4A CN202110347641A CN113176042A CN 113176042 A CN113176042 A CN 113176042A CN 202110347641 A CN202110347641 A CN 202110347641A CN 113176042 A CN113176042 A CN 113176042A
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- optical wedge
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- thickness interference
- detection device
- gas
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013536 elastomeric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
- G01M3/12—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point by observing elastic covers or coatings, e.g. soapy water
- G01M3/14—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point by observing elastic covers or coatings, e.g. soapy water for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves; for welds; for containers, e.g. radiators
- G01M3/144—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point by observing elastic covers or coatings, e.g. soapy water for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves; for welds; for containers, e.g. radiators for valves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
- G01B11/161—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge by interferometric means
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a gas leakage detection device, which comprises a light source, an optical wedge, an image processing unit, a darkroom for shielding external interference light and a sealed cavity for sealing a part to be detected; the closed cavity is provided with a detection hole corresponding to the part to be detected; the optical wedge is arranged in a dark room and covers the detection hole; elastic materials are filled in the optical wedges and can deform when gas leaks; the optical wedge can enable optical signals emitted by the light source to generate equal-thickness interference, and reflect equal-thickness interference images to the image processing unit, and the image processing unit can judge the gas leakage condition according to the received equal-thickness interference images. The invention also provides a detection method of the gas leakage detection device. The gas leakage detection device and the detection method are based on equal-thickness interference, and the deformation which can be detected is in the order of magnitude of light wavelength, so that the deformation caused by tiny leakage can be accurately detected.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a detection device and a detection method, and more particularly, to a gas leakage detection device and a detection method.
Background
The high-pressure gas transmission pipeline is easy to generate gas leakage risk at the joint of the valve, and even tiny gas leakage can cause huge personal and economic losses. Most of the methods adopted at present have certain limitations, the traditional optical fiber detection method detects the temperature change during gas leakage, when the temperature change is small, the requirement on the sensitivity of temperature measurement is high, most optical fibers are paved at the bottom of a pipeline, but the leakage usually occurs at the top of the pipeline, and the accuracy of leakage alarm is greatly influenced.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a gas leakage detection device and a detection method, which are used for detecting whether tiny gas leakage exists at the joint of a valve of a high-pressure gas transmission pipeline or not by using an optical equal-thickness interference principle.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
on one hand, the invention provides a gas leakage detection device, which comprises a light source, an optical wedge, an image processing unit, a darkroom for shielding external interference light and a closed cavity for sealing a part to be detected;
the closed cavity is provided with a detection hole corresponding to the part to be detected; the optical wedge is arranged in a dark room and covers the detection hole; elastic materials are filled in the optical wedges and can deform when gas leaks;
the optical wedge can enable optical signals emitted by the light source to generate equal-thickness interference, and reflect equal-thickness interference images to the image processing unit, and the image processing unit can judge the gas leakage condition according to the received equal-thickness interference images.
Further, the closed cavity is made of rigid materials.
Furthermore, the light source comprises a laser, a beam expander is arranged on the darkroom, and laser emitted by the laser can irradiate the optical wedge through the beam expander.
Furthermore, a light splitting plate is arranged in the darkroom and used for reflecting the equal-thickness interference image reflected by the optical wedge to the image processing unit.
Furthermore, an observation window is arranged on the darkroom, the image processing unit comprises an imaging unit, and the light splitting plate can transmit the equal-thickness interference image reflected by the optical wedge to the imaging unit for imaging through the observation window.
Further, the optical wedge includes a wedge-shaped glass housing covering the exterior of the elastomeric material.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a detection method of the gas leakage detection device, which comprises the following steps:
collecting an equal-thickness interference image of an optical wedge reflected by light source irradiation;
comparing the collected uniform thickness interference image with a pre-stored reference uniform thickness interference image: if the equal-thickness interference image deforms, gas leakage is indicated; otherwise, it indicates that the gas is not leaking;
wherein the reference uniform-thickness interference image is: and under the condition that the gas is not leaked, irradiating and reflecting the equal-thickness interference image by the optical wedge through the light source.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention adopts the principle of equal thickness interference of light to detect gas leakage, and the deformation which can be detected by the equal thickness interference is the magnitude order of light wavelength, so that the deformation caused by tiny leakage can be accurately detected; the anti-electromagnetic interference advantage of secondary light also makes the technology very suitable for being used in flammable and explosive environments; has better application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a gas leak detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the present invention in which the optical wedge is not deformed;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention illustrating deformation of the optical wedge;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a fringe image observed in the absence of an air leak in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of a fringe image of the curvature observed on air leakage in an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a light source; 2. optical wedge; 3. an image processing unit; 4. a darkroom; 5. a portion to be detected; 6. a closed cavity; 7. a beam expander; 8. a light splitting plate; 9. an observation window; 10. an imaging unit.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the embodiment of the invention provides a gas leakage detection device, which is shown in figure 1 and comprises a light source 1, an optical wedge 2 and an image processing unit 3, wherein the optical wedge 2 can enable an optical signal emitted by the light source 1 to generate equal-thickness interference and reflect an equal-thickness interference image to the image processing unit 3, and the image processing unit 3 can judge the gas leakage condition according to the received equal-thickness interference image.
In order to prevent external gas interference, a closed cavity 6 used for sealing the part to be detected 5 is arranged in the embodiment of the invention, a detection hole is formed in the closed cavity 6 corresponding to the part to be detected 5, an optical wedge 2 is horizontally arranged above the closed cavity 6, the optical wedge 2 covers the detection hole, an elastic material is filled in the optical wedge 2, and the elastic material can deform when gas leaks.
During detection, referring to fig. 2, when the part 5 to be detected has no gas leakage, the bottom of the optical wedge 2 is flat, and the optical wedge 2 does not deform; when the part 5 to be detected does have gas leakage, as shown in fig. 4, the bottom of the optical wedge 2 will bounce upwards due to the influence of external air pressure, and the optical wedge will deform.
Because the optical wedge 2 is made of elastic material, the inner part of the optical wedge is easy to deform due to the change of the external air pressure, the cavity wall of the closed cavity 6 in the embodiment of the invention is made of rigid material, the detection result is prevented from being influenced by the external environment, and the accuracy of the detection result is improved.
In the embodiment of the invention, the light source 1 comprises a laser for providing a stable monochromatic coherent light source for the detection device, a beam expander 7 is arranged below the laser, the beam expander 7 can change the diameter and the divergence angle of a laser beam, when divergent laser generated by the laser passes through the beam expander 7 below the laser in the detection process, the beam expander 7 collimates the divergent laser into a vertical parallel beam, and the laser emitted by the laser passes through the beam expander 7 and irradiates the optical wedge 2.
In the embodiment of the invention, the optical wedge 2 comprises a wedge-shaped glass housing covering the outside of the elastic material, the inside of the optical wedge 2 deforms due to the influence of the external air pressure, and the glass housing outside the optical wedge 2 can display an image of equal-thickness interference on the optical wedge.
Specifically, during detection, a light beam emitted by the laser is collimated into a vertical parallel light beam by the beam expander 7 and then irradiated to the optical wedge 2, and the optical wedge 2 can generate equal-thickness interference under the irradiation of the laser, and an image of the equal-thickness interference is displayed on the glass housing.
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention further includes a dark room 4 for shielding external interference light, the dark room 4 is disposed on the sealed cavity 6, the optical wedge 2 is disposed in the dark room 4, and the beam expander 7 is disposed above the dark room 4 and is configured to collimate laser emitted by the laser into a vertical parallel light beam to irradiate on the optical wedge 2; and a light splitting plate 8 is further arranged in the darkroom 4 and is used for reflecting the equal-thickness interference image reflected by the optical wedge 2 to the image processing unit 3.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the darkroom 4 is further provided with an observation window 9, the image processing unit 3 is arranged on the observation window, the image processing unit 3 includes an imaging unit 10, the imaging unit 10 is used for collecting an interference image with an equal thickness, and the image processing unit 3 analyzes and processes the image.
The light splitting plate 8 is obliquely arranged above the optical wedge 2, and when in detection, the light splitting plate transmits an interference image with the same thickness reflected by the optical wedge 2 to the imaging unit 10 through the observation window 9 for imaging, and then the image processing unit 3 carries out analysis processing.
When the part to be detected 5 has no gas leakage as shown in fig. 2, the bottom of the optical wedge 2 is flat, and an image observed on the upper surface of the optical wedge 2 according to the principle of equal thickness interference is a light and dark fringe image as shown in fig. 3.
The distance between adjacent bright stripes is:
in the formula, λ is the wavelength of light emitted by the light source 1, and θ is the tilt angle of the optical wedge 2.
As shown in fig. 4, when an air leakage occurs in the portion to be detected 5, the elastic material is subjected to an upward pressure due to a change in air pressure inside the optical wedge 2, so that deformation occurs, the bottom of the optical wedge 2 is not flat due to the deformation, an inclination angle of the optical wedge 2 is also changed, and a difference between an incident light and a reflected light is changed, at this time, an image observed on the upper surface of the optical wedge 2 is as shown in fig. 5, and a stripe observed on the upper surface of the optical wedge is also bent.
During detection, the imaging unit 10 acquires a fringe image generated on the optical wedge 2, the image processing unit 3 analyzes and contrasts the image, and when the image is a light and shade connected fringe image, the optical wedge 2 is judged not to be deformed, and no air leakage is generated at the part to be detected 5; when the image is a curved stripe image, it is determined that the optical wedge 2 is deformed and the portion to be detected 5 has an air leakage phenomenon.
The embodiment of the invention adopts the detection device based on the equal thickness interference to detect whether the micro air leakage exists at the part 5 to be detected, the detection precision is very high, and even the small bulge of a fraction of wavelength can be detected from the bending of the stripe.
Example two:
the embodiment of the invention provides a detection method of a gas leakage detection device, which comprises the following steps:
collecting an equal-thickness interference image of the optical wedge 3 reflected by the light source 7;
comparing the collected uniform thickness interference image with a pre-stored reference uniform thickness interference image: if the equal-thickness interference image deforms, gas leakage is indicated; otherwise, it indicates that the gas is not leaking;
wherein the reference uniform-thickness interference image is: in the gas non-leakage state, the equal thickness interference image reflected by the optical wedge 2 through the light source 1 is irradiated.
Specifically, during detection, a laser is selected as the light source 1 to generate divergent laser, the divergent laser is collimated by a beam expander 7 and becomes vertical parallel light to irradiate an optical wedge 2 in a darkroom 4, wherein the optical wedge 2 can enable an optical signal emitted by the light source 1 to generate equal-thickness interference, and an equal-thickness interference image is generated on a glass cover on the optical wedge 2;
the light reflected by the optical wedge 2 is reflected to an observation window 9 of the darkroom 4 through a light splitting plate 8, the formed image enters an imaging unit 10, and the image processing unit 3 observes the image change for analysis processing;
in this case, when the observed image is a striped image with alternate light and shade, the image processing unit 3 compares the images and determines that the part to be detected 5 has no gas leakage;
when the observed image is a curved streak image, the image processing unit 3 performs comparison and determines that there is an air leak in the portion to be detected 5.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The gas leakage detection device is characterized by comprising a light source (1), an optical wedge (2), an image processing unit (3), a darkroom (4) for shielding external interference light and a sealed cavity (6) for sealing a part to be detected (5);
the closed cavity (6) is provided with a detection hole corresponding to the part to be detected (5); the optical wedge (2) is arranged in the dark room (4) and covers the detection hole; elastic materials are filled in the optical wedge (2), and the elastic materials can deform when gas leaks;
the optical wedge (2) can enable an optical signal emitted by the light source (1) to generate equal-thickness interference and reflect an equal-thickness interference image to the image processing unit (3), and the image processing unit (3) can judge the gas leakage condition according to the received equal-thickness interference image.
2. The gas leak detection device according to claim 1, wherein the closed chamber (6) is made of a rigid material.
3. The gas leakage detection device according to claim 1, wherein the light source (1) comprises a laser, a beam expander (7) is arranged on the dark room (4), and laser light emitted by the laser can be irradiated to the optical wedge (2) through the beam expander (7).
4. The gas leak detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that a spectroscopic plate (8) is provided in the dark room (4) for reflecting the interference image of equal thickness reflected by the optical wedge (2) to the image processing unit (3).
5. The gas leak detection device according to claim 4, wherein the darkroom (4) is provided with an observation window (9), the image processing unit (3) comprises an imaging unit (10), and the spectroscopic plate (8) is capable of transmitting the uniform thickness interference image reflected by the optical wedge (2) to the imaging unit (10) through the observation window (9) for imaging.
6. The gas leak detection device according to claim 1, wherein the optical wedge (2) comprises a wedge-shaped glass housing covering the outside of the elastic material.
7. A method of detecting a gas leak detection apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the method comprising the steps of:
collecting an equal-thickness interference image of an optical wedge (2) irradiated and reflected by a light source (1);
comparing the collected uniform thickness interference image with a pre-stored reference uniform thickness interference image: if the equal-thickness interference image deforms, gas leakage is indicated; otherwise, it indicates that the gas is not leaking;
wherein the reference uniform-thickness interference image is: in the gas non-leakage state, the equal-thickness interference image reflected by the optical wedge (2) through the light source (1) is irradiated.
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| CN202110347641.4A CN113176042B (en) | 2021-03-31 | 2021-03-31 | Gas leakage detection device and detection method |
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Effective date of registration: 20231206 Address after: Room 303, Building 10, No. 26 Yanshan Dongliushui Road, Fangshan District, Beijing, 100000 Patentee after: Beijing Jindu Huipu New Energy Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 1662, Building 13, Urban Industrial Community, Hanzheng Street, No. 21 Jiefang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430000 Patentee before: Hubei Lougao Information Technology Co.,Ltd. Effective date of registration: 20231206 Address after: No. 1662, Building 13, Urban Industrial Community, Hanzheng Street, No. 21 Jiefang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430000 Patentee after: Hubei Lougao Information Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 211167 No. 1, Hongjing Avenue, Jiangning University City, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province Patentee before: NANJING INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY |
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