CN113175976B - Low water level measuring device for model test - Google Patents
Low water level measuring device for model test Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113175976B CN113175976B CN202110549426.2A CN202110549426A CN113175976B CN 113175976 B CN113175976 B CN 113175976B CN 202110549426 A CN202110549426 A CN 202110549426A CN 113175976 B CN113175976 B CN 113175976B
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- floating
- water level
- graduated scale
- floating block
- model test
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/30—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by floats
- G01F23/56—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by floats using elements rigidly fixed to, and rectilinearly moving with, the floats as transmission elements
- G01F23/58—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by floats using elements rigidly fixed to, and rectilinearly moving with, the floats as transmission elements using mechanically actuated indicating means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Level Indicators Using A Float (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a low water level measuring device for a model test, which comprises a floating body positioning cylinder; the floating body positioning cylinder comprises a cylinder body and a cover plate arranged at the top of the cylinder body, the bottom of the floating body positioning cylinder is provided with an opening, and three support posts are arranged at the opening at the bottom of the floating body positioning cylinder and are arranged in parallel along the water flow direction; the floating module comprises a floating block and a vertical rod arranged at the top of the floating block, and the floating block moves up and down along the inner side wall of the floating body positioning barrel under the action of buoyancy; the upright posts extend out of the cylinder body from the through holes on the cover plate; the device also comprises a reading device arranged at the top of the cover plate, and a pointer at the top of the vertical rod points to the reading device. Compared with the measuring mode of a steel ruler, the measuring device can be placed at any position of a model test water tank to measure the water level, is convenient to move and observe the measuring result, and can accurately measure the low water level (the water level with the water depth of 3-10 cm) due to the extremely small underwater submergence of the floating block.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a water level measuring device, and more particularly to a low water level measuring device for model test.
Background
Along with the continuous development of scientific research tests, a physical model test is one of important means for students to realize scientific research, and can be used for simulating actual conditions of engineering and the like. The model test is widely favored in industries such as water conservancy and construction, and particularly has a hydraulic engineering and river engineering physical model test. In the case of performing a model test, the water level is often an important object of simulation, but there are cases where there is a large error in water level measurement due to the water level being too low or the water level fluctuating. The water level measurement of the center of the river channel and other positions is more difficult. The water level measurement in the current model experiment mainly comprises three modes: one is pressure measuring tube measurement, the bottom plate is provided with holes and is connected with an external water level tank, and the model water level is read through the water level of the water tank; one is the measurement of a steel ruler, wherein after the steel ruler is placed along the water flow direction, a photo is taken for recording or reading directly; and an electromagnetic water level meter is used for measuring the water level by using a conductive steel needle. These methods all suffer from various degrees of problems: the error is large, and the measurement position is limited (such as inconvenience exists when the central water level of the water tank is tested by the measurement model); the water level distribution is difficult to realize when the large-area multi-measuring-point water level distribution is measured; the measuring precision of low water level or ultra-low water level is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the problems of limitation of measuring positions, low precision of measuring low water level or ultra-low water level and difficulty in observation existing in model experiment water level measurement in the prior art, the invention provides a water level measuring device capable of realizing low water level and ultra-low water level measurement.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a low water level measuring device for a model test, which comprises a floating body positioning cylinder; the floating body positioning cylinder comprises a cylinder body and a cover plate arranged at the top of the cylinder body, the bottom of the floating body positioning cylinder is provided with an opening, and three support posts are arranged at the opening at the bottom of the floating body positioning cylinder and are arranged in parallel along the water flow direction; the floating module comprises a floating block and a vertical rod arranged at the top of the floating block, and the floating block moves up and down along the inner side wall of the floating body positioning barrel under the action of buoyancy; the upright posts extend out of the cylinder body from the through holes on the cover plate; the device also comprises a reading device arranged at the top of the cover plate, and a pointer at the top of the vertical rod points to the reading device.
The reading device comprises a secondary graduated scale and a primary graduated scale, wherein magnets are embedded in the secondary graduated scale and the primary graduated scale, and the secondary graduated scale and the primary graduated scale are fixedly connected through magnetic force.
The floating block and the upright rod of the floating module are both made of hollow foam materials, and are both of hollow structures.
Wherein the thickness of the floating block is 0.8-1 cm, the surface of the floating block is coated with hydrophobic coating, and the immersed height of the floating block is not more than 5mm when in measurement. The surface of the floating block is coated with hydrophobic coating, and the influence of the surface tension of the water body can be reduced during measurement, so that the floating block has small submerged degree under water during measurement, and the submerged height of the floating block is not more than 5mm.
Wherein, the inner and outer side walls of the cylinder are coated with hydrophobic paint layers.
Wherein the height of the vertical rod is not less than the height of the cylinder body, and the height of the cylinder body is 12-15 cm.
The cross section of the support column is streamline, and the support column is streamline to adapt to the flow of water flow, so that the turbulence of the support column is prevented from affecting the measurement accuracy.
Wherein, the opposite both sides of barrel still are equipped with handle structure.
The cover plate is also provided with a protective cover, the reading device is fixed on the cover plate, the protective cover is arranged outside the reading device, and one side, which is opposite to the reading device and provided with a graduated scale, of the protective cover is a cylindrical lens.
Wherein, the outside edge equipartition of floating piece has the ball, and the ball is inlayed in the floating piece avris, and the edge and the barrel inside wall roll connection of ball.
The beneficial effects are that: compared with the measuring mode of a steel ruler, the measuring device can be placed at any position of a model test water tank to measure the water level, and is convenient to move and observe the measuring result; because of the extremely small submerged degree of the floating block, the measuring device can accurately measure the low water level (the water level with the water depth of 3-10 cm).
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a portable low water level measuring device;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a flotation module;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the reading device;
FIG. 5 is a right side view of the reading device;
fig. 6 is a top view of the protective cover.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the low water level measuring device for model test of the present invention comprises a floating body positioning cylinder 10; the floating body positioning cylinder 10 comprises a cylinder body 20 and a cover plate 4 arranged at the top of the cylinder body 20, the bottom of the floating body positioning cylinder 10 is provided with an opening, three support posts 2 are arranged at the bottom opening of the floating body positioning cylinder 10, the three support posts 2 are arranged along the water flow direction and are mutually parallel, the cross section of each support post 2 is streamline, and the support posts 2 are streamline and are suitable for the flow of water flow, so that the turbulence of the water flow is prevented from influencing the measurement precision; the water level measuring device also comprises a floating module arranged in the floating body positioning barrel 10, wherein the floating module comprises a floating block 5 and a vertical rod 8 arranged at the top of the floating block 5, the floating block 5 moves up and down along the inner wall of the floating body positioning barrel 10 under the action of buoyancy, three balls 6 can be uniformly distributed on the outer edge of the floating block 5, the balls 6 are embedded in the side of the floating block 5, the edge of each ball 6 is in rolling connection with the inner wall of the barrel 20, and the outer diameter of each ball 6 is 4mm; the upright rod 8 extends out of the cylinder 20 from a through hole 21 on the cover plate 4; the water level measuring device also comprises a reading device 9 arranged at the top of the cover plate 4, and a pointer 12 at the top of the upright rod 8 points to the reading device 9; the reading device 9 comprises a secondary graduated scale 11 and a primary graduated scale 16, wherein magnets (14, 13) are embedded in the secondary graduated scale 11 and the primary graduated scale 16 are fixedly connected through magnetic force. The opposite sides of the cylinder 20 are also provided with handle structures 1.
The cover plate 4 is also provided with a protective cover 3 (the protective cover 3 is of a detachable structure and is formed by enclosing a cylindrical lens 19 and a semicircular transparent thin-wall piece 17), the reading device 9 is fixed on the cover plate 4, the protective cover 3 is covered outside the reading device 9, and one side, opposite to the reading device 9, with a graduated scale is provided with the protective cover 3 as the cylindrical lens 19.
The floating block 5 and the upright rod 8 used in the floating module are both made of hollow foam materials, and the floating block 5 and the upright rod 8 are both hollow structures. The thickness of the floating block 5 is 0.8-1 cm, the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the cylinder 20 are both coated with hydrophobic coating layers (the hydrophobic coating is usually referred to as a type of low surface energy coating with a static water contact angle theta of a coating film on a smooth surface of more than 90 degrees), the floating block 5 coated with the hydrophobic coating can reduce the influence of the surface tension of a water body on the floating block 5 during measurement, and therefore the underwater immersion depth of the floating block 5 can be reduced on the basis of realizing easier upward floating, and the precision during measurement is ensured. The floating block 5 has extremely small submerged degree, and the submerged height of the floating block 5 is not more than 5mm, so that the thickness of the floating block 5 does not influence the indication error. The height of the vertical rod 8 is not less than the height of the cylinder body 20, and the height of the cylinder body 20 is 12-15 cm.
In a model test, when the water level in a water tank is low, a handle structure 1 is held to enable a streamline support column 2 to face in the water flow direction, a floating body positioning cylinder 10 is placed, after the water level changes, a floating block 5 in the floating body positioning cylinder 10 floats upwards, a ball 6 drives the floating block 5 to move along the inner side wall of a cylinder body 20 (the ball 6 rolls upwards along the cylinder body 20, the floating block 5 rises under the buoyancy effect), and the ball 6 can enable the floating block 5 not to swing left and right in the upward and downward moving process, so that the floating block moves stably; the upright rod 8 is driven to move upwards from the container, the position of the upright rod 8 on the floating block 5 is changed, a pointer 12 on the upright rod 8 is welded with the upright rod 8, and the pointer 12 points to the reading device 9. The water level measuring device of the invention utilizes the specific floating module to enable the water level measuring device to float up and down along with the water level change, but does not swing left and right, and the contact surface with the cylinder body 20 is small, so that the sensitivity is high, the device is calibrated before measurement, and the measuring error caused by the thickness and the dead weight of the floating block 5 is eliminated. The streamline support column 2 is additionally arranged at the bottom of the floating body positioning barrel 10, on one hand, the water levels are kept to be mutually exchanged to meet the sensitivity of the device, and on the other hand, the streamline support column 2 is arranged to have small disturbance on water flow. Along with the rising of the water level, the floating block 5 moves upwards to drive the vertical rod 8 to change in position, and a pointer 12 connected with the vertical rod 8 is aligned with the reading device 9. When the readings are stable (the water level does not fluctuate in the time of not lower than 15 seconds), the semicircular transparent thin-wall part 17 of the protective cover 3 is removed, the auxiliary graduated scale 11 is moved, the pointer 12 is aligned with the zero graduation line of the auxiliary graduated scale 11, the magnifying glass 15 is fixed on the auxiliary graduated scale 11 by the screw rod 7, and moves along with the movement of the auxiliary graduated scale 11, the sum of the readings of the main graduated scale 16 and the auxiliary graduated scale 11 is read, the readings are amplified again through the cylindrical lens 3, the corresponding water level is obtained, and the accurate measurement of the low water level is realized. The water level range measured by the water level measuring device is 3-10cm (the minimum water level required by the specification in the model test is 3 cm), and the water level measuring device can accurately measure the water level in the water level range.
In the case of the model test, the water depth downstream in the test tank was low, about 3cm. When the steel ruler is used for measuring, the water level fluctuation is recorded after a plurality of readings, the difference value of each reading is large, and the average reading is 2.89cm. The device is used for measurement, the reading is stable, the difference is small, and the average reading is 2.98cm after a plurality of readings (the number of times of the readings is the same as that of the steel rule during measurement).
Claims (5)
1. A low water level measuring device for model test, its characterized in that: comprises a floating body positioning cylinder (10); the floating body positioning cylinder (10) comprises a cylinder body (20) and a cover plate (4) arranged at the top of the cylinder body (20), wherein the bottom of the floating body positioning cylinder (10) is provided with an opening, three support posts (2) are arranged at the opening at the bottom of the floating body positioning cylinder (10), and the support posts (2) are arranged in parallel along the water flow direction; the floating device also comprises a floating module arranged in the floating body positioning cylinder (10), wherein the floating module comprises a floating block (5) and a vertical rod (8) arranged at the top of the floating block (5), and the floating block (5) moves up and down along the inner side wall of the floating body positioning cylinder (10) under the action of buoyancy; the upright rod (8) extends out of the cylinder body (20) from a through hole (21) on the cover plate (4); the device also comprises a reading device arranged at the top of the cover plate (4), and a pointer (12) at the top of the upright rod (8) points to the reading device; the reading device comprises a secondary graduated scale (11) and a primary graduated scale (16), wherein magnets are embedded in the secondary graduated scale (11) and the primary graduated scale (16) are fixedly connected through magnetic force; the floating block (5) and the upright (8) of the floating module are both made of hollow foam materials, and the floating block (5) and the upright (8) are both hollow structures; the thickness of the floating block (5) is 0.8-1 cm, the surface of the floating block (5) is coated with hydrophobic coating, and the immersed height of the floating block (5) is not more than 5mm during measurement; the cover plate (4) is also provided with a protective cover (3), the reading device is fixed on the cover plate (4), the protective cover (3) is covered outside the reading device, and one side, opposite to the reading device, of the protective cover (3) with a graduated scale is provided with a cylindrical lens (19); the outer edges of the floating blocks (5) are uniformly provided with balls (6), the balls (6) are embedded in the floating blocks (5), and the edges of the balls (6) are in rolling connection with the inner side wall of the cylinder body (20);
in a model test, when the water level in the water tank is low, the handle structure (1) is held to enable the streamline support column (2) to face the forward water flow direction, the floating body positioning cylinder (10) is placed, along with the rising of the water level, the floating block (5) moves upwards to drive the vertical rod (8) to change in position, and the pointer (12) connected with the vertical rod (8) is aligned with the reading device; when the indication is stable, namely, the time water level is not lower than 15s, fluctuation does not occur, the semicircular transparent thin-wall part (17) of the protective cover (3) is removed, the auxiliary graduated scale (11) is moved, the pointer (12) is aligned with the zero graduation line of the auxiliary graduated scale (11), the magnifying glass (15) is fixed on the auxiliary graduated scale (11) through the screw rod (7), the magnifying glass moves along with the movement of the auxiliary graduated scale (11), the sum of the readings of the main graduated scale (16) and the auxiliary graduated scale (11) is read at the moment, the indication is amplified again through the cylindrical lens (19), the corresponding water level is obtained, and the accurate measurement of the low water level is realized.
2. The low water level measuring device for model test as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the cylinder body (20) are coated with hydrophobic paint layers.
3. The low water level measuring device for model test as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the height of the vertical rod (8) is not smaller than that of the cylinder body (20), and the height of the cylinder body (20) is 12-15 cm.
4. The low water level measuring device for model test as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cross section of the support column (2) is streamline.
5. The low water level measuring device for model test as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the two opposite sides of the cylinder body (20) are also provided with handle structures (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110549426.2A CN113175976B (en) | 2021-05-20 | 2021-05-20 | Low water level measuring device for model test |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110549426.2A CN113175976B (en) | 2021-05-20 | 2021-05-20 | Low water level measuring device for model test |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113175976A CN113175976A (en) | 2021-07-27 |
| CN113175976B true CN113175976B (en) | 2023-11-21 |
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| CN202110549426.2A Active CN113175976B (en) | 2021-05-20 | 2021-05-20 | Low water level measuring device for model test |
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| CN102928042A (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2013-02-13 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Water level measuring device for river model test |
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| CN113175976A (en) | 2021-07-27 |
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