CN113172231A - Device for preparing magnetic abrasive by combining plasma molten metal micro-droplets with hard abrasive powder and performing rapid solidification - Google Patents

Device for preparing magnetic abrasive by combining plasma molten metal micro-droplets with hard abrasive powder and performing rapid solidification Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113172231A
CN113172231A CN202110415568.XA CN202110415568A CN113172231A CN 113172231 A CN113172231 A CN 113172231A CN 202110415568 A CN202110415568 A CN 202110415568A CN 113172231 A CN113172231 A CN 113172231A
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China
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pressure
abrasive
hard abrasive
powder
gas
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CN202110415568.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
赵玉刚
赵国勇
刘广新
孟建兵
张桂香
赵传营
李伟
殷凤仕
张海云
高跃武
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Shandong University of Technology
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Shandong University of Technology
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Priority to CN202110415568.XA priority Critical patent/CN113172231A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/14—Treatment of metallic powder
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
    • C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
    • C09K3/1436—Composite particles, e.g. coated particles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
    • H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B22F2009/0848—Melting process before atomisation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B22F2009/086—Cooling after atomisation
    • B22F2009/0876—Cooling after atomisation by gas

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for preparing magnetic abrasive by combining plasma molten metal micro-droplets with hard abrasive powder and performing rapid solidification, which comprises: the device comprises a gas station, a high-frequency induction plasma generator, a high-pressure precise powder feeding system, a hard abrasive nozzle, a magnetic abrasive synthesis condensation chamber and a powder collection and dust removal system. The invention adopts high-frequency induction plasma to heat and melt ferromagnetic metal powder particles to form metal micro-droplets, and the metal micro-droplets are sprayed by using airflow containing hard abrasive in the falling process of the metal micro-droplets, so that the hard abrasive is injected into the metal micro-droplets, and then the hard abrasive is firmly combined with a ferromagnetic matrix through rapid condensation to form the spherical magnetic abrasive. The magnetic grinding material prepared by the invention has the advantages of long service life, excellent grinding and polishing performance, uniform particle size, high powder collection rate, less waste and low preparation cost, and is suitable for continuous mass production.

Description

Device for preparing magnetic abrasive by combining plasma molten metal micro-droplets with hard abrasive powder and performing rapid solidification
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of magnetic abrasive preparation, and particularly relates to a device for preparing a magnetic abrasive by combining plasma molten metal micro-droplets with hard abrasive powder and performing rapid solidification.
Background
Magnetic particle grinding is a process method which utilizes the action of a magnetic field to enable grinding materials to be in contact with a workpiece and generate certain acting force, and grinding processing is carried out through the relative motion between the workpiece and the grinding materials. Compared with the traditional finishing process, the magnetic particle grinding has the characteristics of flexibility, adaptivity, self-sharpening, controllability, small temperature rise, high efficiency, no need of tool wear compensation, no need of shape modification and the like, and is applied in a certain range in the field of machining. Magnetic abrasives are used as tools for grinding magnetic particles, and the performance of the magnetic abrasives directly influences the quality and efficiency of processing. Although magnetic particle grinding has many advantages, the automatic free-form surface magnetic particle grinding and finishing technology has a great distance from popularization and application due to the defects of poor grinding capability, short service life, high processing cost and the like of the existing magnetic grinding material. Therefore, the preparation technology of the magnetic grinding material is the key for popularization and application of the magnetic particle grinding and finishing technology, and is a technical problem to be solved urgently. At present, the magnetic abrasive material preparation technology applied at home and abroad has various technologies, such as a mechanical mixing method, a bonding method, a casting method, a sintering method, an atomization rapid solidification method and the like.
Mechanical mixing method: ferromagnetic metal powder, hard abrasive powder and grinding fluid are mixed according to a certain proportionMixing at room temperature, and grinding directly. Ferromagnetic metal powder and hard abrasive powder with certain particle size such as Al are commonly used2O3、SiC、Cr2O3And TiC, and adding binder such as oleic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, and silica gel. The method can prepare various magnetic abrasives, but hard abrasive particles and ferromagnetic metal powder are easy to separate and scatter during processing, so the application range is narrow.
Bonding method: iron powder and hard abrasive powder in certain proportion are adhered together with adhesive, and through pressurizing and curing, the magnetic abrasive with required grain size is produced through crushing and screening. For preparing the magnetic abrasive by the bonding method, the selection of a proper bonding agent is critical. The preparation method of the magnetic abrasive is simple in process and low in cost, but the prepared magnetic abrasive is loose in structure and low in density, hard abrasive grain phase particles are easy to fall off, and the service life is short.
The casting method comprises the following steps: the main iron-based metal components of the magnetic grinding material are melted at high temperature, atomized into micro-droplets under the blowing of high-pressure gas, and then cooled, solidified and screened to directly obtain the magnetic grinding material.
The sintering method comprises the following steps: the mixture of ferromagnetic metal powder and hard abrasive powder is used as raw material, and the magnetic abrasive is prepared by sintering method. The specific sintering method comprises the following steps: atmospheric sintering, hot pressing sintering, spark plasma sintering, laser sintering, and plasma powder melt sintering.
Atomization and rapid solidification method: adding hard abrasive into high-speed airflow, spraying metal liquid flow in the downflow process by using the high-speed airflow containing the hard abrasive, forcibly combining and atomizing the metal liquid flow and the hard abrasive to form metal micro-droplets containing the hard abrasive, and then rapidly cooling and solidifying to form the magnetic abrasive. The magnetic abrasive particles prepared by the method have the advantages that the particle size is difficult to control, the particle size distribution range is wide, the magnetic abrasive with the particle size within the effective range is less than 40%, the yield is low, the material waste is caused, and the waste is larger if diamond or CBN micro powder is adopted as the hard abrasive.
The invention relates to a device for preparing magnetic grinding materials by combining plasma molten metal micro-droplets with hard grinding material powder and performing rapid solidification, which is a device specially developed for realizing a method for preparing the magnetic grinding materials by combining the plasma molten metal micro-droplets with the grinding material powder and performing rapid solidification.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of wide particle size distribution range, uncontrollable particle size, serious waste of hard abrasive and the like of the magnetic abrasive prepared by an atomization method, the device for preparing the magnetic abrasive by combining plasma molten metal micro-droplets with abrasive powder and performing fast coagulation is provided.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the device for preparing the magnetic grinding material by combining the plasma molten metal micro-droplets with the hard grinding material powder and quickly condensing comprises a gas station, a high-pressure precise powder feeding system, a high-frequency induction plasma generator, a hard grinding material nozzle, a magnetic grinding material synthesis condensation chamber and a powder collection and dust removal system; the gas station includes: the high-pressure nitrogen gas cylinder group, the high-pressure nitrogen gas valve, the high-pressure nitrogen gas pipe, the high-pressure nitrogen gas regulating valve, the side gas high-pressure argon gas cylinder, the center gas high-pressure argon gas cylinder, the side gas valve, the center gas valve, the high-pressure argon gas valve, the side gas pipe, the center gas pipe, the high-pressure argon gas pipe, the side gas regulating valve, the center gas regulating valve and the high-pressure argon gas regulating valve; the high-pressure nitrogen gas valve is arranged on the high-pressure nitrogen gas cylinder group, the high-pressure nitrogen gas regulating valve is arranged on the high-pressure nitrogen gas pipe, one end of the high-pressure nitrogen gas pipe is connected with the high-pressure nitrogen gas valve, and the other end of the high-pressure nitrogen gas pipe is connected with the high-pressure precise hard abrasive powder feeder; the side gas valve is arranged on the side gas high-pressure argon bottle, the side gas regulating valve is arranged on the side gas pipe, one end of the side gas pipe is connected with the side gas valve, and the other end of the side gas pipe is connected with the side gas inlet of the high-frequency induction plasma generator; the central gas valve is arranged on the central gas high-pressure argon bottle, the central gas regulating valve is arranged on the central gas pipe, one end of the central gas pipe is connected with the central gas valve, and the other end of the central gas pipe is connected with the central gas inlet of the high-frequency induction plasma generator; the high-pressure argon gas valve is arranged on the high-pressure argon gas bottle, the high-pressure argon gas regulating valve is arranged on the high-pressure argon gas pipe, one end of the high-pressure argon gas pipe is connected with the high-pressure argon gas valve, and the other end of the high-pressure argon gas pipe is connected with the high-pressure precise metal powder feeder; high-pressure precision powder feeding system includes: the device comprises a high-pressure precise metal powder feeder, a high-pressure precise metal powder feeder storage tank cover, a metal powder mixing gas pipe, a high-pressure precise hard abrasive powder feeder storage tank cover and a hard abrasive mixing gas pipe; the high-pressure precise metal powder feeder is arranged at the bottom of a storage tank of the high-pressure precise metal powder feeder, and a storage tank cover of the high-pressure precise metal powder feeder is arranged at the upper part of the storage tank of the high-pressure precise metal powder feeder; the high-pressure precise metal powder feeder is connected with a carrier gas/powder inlet of the high-frequency induction plasma generator through a metal powder mixing gas pipe; the high-pressure precise hard abrasive powder feeder is arranged at the bottom of a storage tank of the high-pressure precise hard abrasive powder feeder, and a storage tank cover of the high-pressure precise hard abrasive powder feeder is arranged at the upper part of the storage tank of the high-pressure precise hard abrasive powder feeder; the high-pressure precise hard abrasive powder feeder is connected with a hard abrasive nozzle interface of the magnetic abrasive synthesis condensation chamber through a hard abrasive powder mixing air pipe; the high-frequency induction plasma generator includes: the high-frequency induction coil, the high-frequency induction coil winding pipe, the side gas inlet, the central gas inlet and the carrier gas/powder inlet; the high-frequency induction coil is wound on the high-frequency induction coil winding pipe, the carrier gas/powder inlet is fixed at the central axis position of the upper part of the high-frequency induction coil winding pipe, and the central gas inlet and the side gas inlet are sequentially arranged from inside to outside; the high-frequency induction plasma generator is arranged at the top end of the outside of the magnetic abrasive synthetic condensation chamber; the magnetic abrasive synthesis condensing chamber comprises: the device comprises a hard abrasive nozzle, a hard abrasive nozzle interface, a magnetic abrasive synthetic condensation chamber cooling water outlet, a magnetic abrasive synthetic condensation chamber shell, a magnetic abrasive synthetic condensation chamber cooling water inlet, a hard abrasive collector and an annular cold air spray pipe; the hard abrasive nozzle is connected with the hard abrasive nozzle interface and is positioned at the top end of the inner part of the shell of the magnetic abrasive synthetic condensation chamber; the annular cold air spray pipe is positioned at the lower part of the hard abrasive nozzle in the shell of the magnetic abrasive synthetic condensation chamber; a cooling water outlet of the magnetic abrasive synthetic condensation chamber is positioned at the upper part of the shell of the magnetic abrasive synthetic condensation chamber, and a cooling water inlet of the magnetic abrasive synthetic condensation chamber is positioned at the lower part of the shell of the magnetic abrasive synthetic condensation chamber; the hard abrasive collector is arranged at the lowest end of the shell of the magnetic abrasive synthetic condensation chamber; the powder collecting and dedusting system comprises: the device comprises a dust removing chamber, a filter screen, a hard abrasive collector, an exhaust pipe and a fan; the dust removing chamber is connected with the magnetic abrasive synthesizing and condensing chamber through an air draft dust removing pipe; the filter screen is positioned at the upper end inside the dust removing chamber; the hard abrasive collector is arranged at the lowest end of the dust chamber; the fan is connected with the upper end of the dust chamber through an exhaust pipe.
The magnetic abrasive device is prepared by combining plasma molten metal micro-droplets and hard abrasive powder and performing fast condensation, ferromagnetic metal powder enters a carrier gas/powder inlet through a metal powder mixing gas pipe under the blowing of high-pressure argon, and is heated by a plasma torch to become molten metal micro-droplets.
The plasma molten metal micro-droplets and the hard abrasive powder are combined and rapidly solidified to prepare the magnetic abrasive device, the hard abrasive powder is blown by high-pressure nitrogen to enter a hard abrasive nozzle, and the sprayed hard abrasive powder-mixed airflow is emitted to the falling metal micro-droplets.
The plasma molten metal micro-droplets and the hard abrasive powder are combined and rapidly solidified to prepare the magnetic abrasive device, and the hard abrasive is not heated by a plasma torch.
The plasma molten metal micro-droplets and the hard abrasive powder are combined and rapidly solidified to prepare the magnetic abrasive device, and the hard abrasive nozzle is arranged at a safe position which is not damaged by the high temperature of the plasma torch.
The plasma molten metal micro-droplets and the hard abrasive powder are combined and rapidly solidified to prepare the magnetic abrasive device, the shell of the magnetic abrasive synthetic condensation chamber is of a double-layer structure, and cooling water is introduced into the shell.
The plasma molten metal micro-droplets and the hard abrasive powder are combined and rapidly condensed to prepare the magnetic abrasive device, cold air is introduced into the annular cold air spray pipe and is close to the hard abrasive nozzle, and the falling magnetic abrasive can be rapidly condensed by the sprayed cold air.
The magnetic grinding material device is prepared by combining plasma molten metal micro-droplets and hard grinding material powder and performing fast coagulation, and the spherical magnetic grinding material is prepared by adopting the following steps:
putting ferromagnetic metal powder into a storage tank of a high-pressure precise hard abrasive powder feeder, putting hard abrasive powder into the storage tank of the high-pressure precise metal powder feeder, opening a high-pressure nitrogen gas valve, an edge gas valve, a central gas valve and a high-pressure argon gas valve, and controlling the opening and closing sizes of a high-pressure nitrogen gas regulating valve, an edge gas regulating valve, a central gas regulating valve and a high-pressure argon gas regulating valve; connecting a fan power supply of the powder collection and dust removal system to perform air draft and dust removal, introducing cold air into an annular cold air spray pipe, and synthesizing cooling water magnetic grinding materials into a cooling water inlet of a condensation chamber; and switching on the power supply of the high-frequency induction plasma generator to establish a stable plasma torch.
And step two, adjusting the rotating speed of the high-pressure precise metal powder feeder to feed the ferromagnetic metal powder into the plasma torch for heating to obtain molten metal micro-droplets.
And step three, adjusting the rotation speed of the high-pressure precise hard abrasive powder feeder to feed the hard abrasive powder into a hard abrasive nozzle, spraying the hard abrasive powder by using airflow containing the hard abrasive in the falling process of the metal micro-droplets to enable the hard abrasive to be injected into the metal micro-droplets, and rapidly condensing the metal micro-droplets containing the hard abrasive by using cooling gas sprayed by an annular cold air nozzle with holes, so that the spherical magnetic abrasive with the hard abrasive firmly combined with the metal matrix is obtained.
Step four, after the preparation is finished, closing the high-pressure precise metal powder feeder, the high-pressure precise hard abrasive powder feeder, the high-pressure nitrogen gas valve, the high-pressure argon gas valve, the side gas valve, the center gas valve, the cold air introduced into the annular cold air spray pipe and the fan power supply in sequence; and when the temperature of the abrasive collector is reduced to be close to the normal temperature, closing the cooling water introduced into the cooling water inlet of the magnetic abrasive synthesis condensation chamber, taking down the abrasive collector from the lower end of the magnetic abrasive synthesis condensation chamber, and screening to obtain the magnetic abrasive.
The device for preparing the magnetic abrasive by combining the plasma molten metal micro-droplets with the hard abrasive powder and quickly condensing has the following advantages and effects:
1. if the ferromagnetic metal powder adopted by the magnetic grinding material preparation method has consistent particle size, the prepared magnetic grinding material powder has consistent particle size, and the characteristics solve the key technical problems of uneven particle size and low powder collection rate of the magnetic grinding material prepared by the traditional magnetic grinding material method.
2. The hard grinding material which is not combined with the metal matrix in the preparation process can be used for next preparation through screening, so that the hard grinding material is saved.
3. The magnetic grinding material has good grinding and polishing performance, the production cost is effectively reduced, the preparation quality is improved, the economic benefit is improved, and the popularization of industrial production is facilitated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention, and fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of a in fig. 1.
Wherein: 1-high-pressure nitrogen cylinder group, 2-high-pressure nitrogen gas valve, 3-high-pressure nitrogen gas pipe, 4-high-pressure nitrogen gas regulating valve, 5-side gas high-pressure argon gas cylinder, 6-center gas high-pressure argon gas cylinder, 7-high-pressure argon gas cylinder, 8-side gas valve, 9-center gas valve, 10-high-pressure argon gas valve, 11-side gas pipe, 12-center gas pipe, 13-high-pressure argon gas pipe, 14-side gas regulating valve, 15-center gas regulating valve, 16-high-pressure argon gas regulating valve, 17-gas station, 18-high-pressure precision metal powder feeder, 19-high-pressure precision metal powder feeder storage tank, 20-high-pressure precision metal powder feeder storage tank cover, 21-ferromagnetic metal powder, 22-metal powder mixing pipe, 23-high-pressure precise hard abrasive powder feeder, 24-high-pressure precise hard abrasive powder feeder storage tank, 25-high-pressure precise hard abrasive powder feeder storage tank cover, 26-hard abrasive powder, 27-hard abrasive powder mixing air pipe, 28-high-pressure precise powder feeding system, 29-high-frequency induction plasma generator, 30-high-frequency induction coil, 31-high-frequency induction coil winding pipe, 32-side air inlet, 33-central air inlet, 34-carrier gas/powder inlet, 35-plasma torch, 36-molten metal micro-droplet, 37-hard abrasive nozzle, 38-hard abrasive powder mixing air flow, 39-molten spherical magnetic abrasive containing hard abrasive, 40-hard abrasive nozzle interface, 41-magnetic abrasive powder synthesis condensation chamber cooling water outlet, 42-magnetic abrasive synthetic condensation chamber shell, 43-magnetic abrasive synthetic condensation chamber cooling water inlet, 44-hard abrasive collector, 45-air draft dust removal pipe, 46-annular cold air spray pipe, 47-magnetic abrasive synthetic condensation chamber, 48-dust removal chamber, 49-filter screen, 50-air draft pipe, 51-fan, 52-powder collection dust removal system and 53-spherical magnetic abrasive.
Detailed Description
The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
The attached drawing is a schematic overall structure diagram of the device for preparing the magnetic abrasive material by combining and rapidly condensing the plasma molten metal micro-droplets and the hard abrasive material powder. The high-pressure nitrogen gas valve 2 is arranged on the high-pressure nitrogen gas bottle group 1, the high-pressure nitrogen gas regulating valve 4 is arranged on the high-pressure nitrogen gas pipe 3, one end of the high-pressure nitrogen gas pipe 3 is connected with the high-pressure nitrogen gas valve 2, and the other end of the high-pressure nitrogen gas pipe is connected with the high-pressure precise hard abrasive powder feeder 23; the side gas valve 8 is arranged on the side gas high-pressure argon bottle 5, the side gas regulating valve 14 is arranged on the side gas pipe 11, one end of the side gas pipe 11 is connected with the side gas valve 8, and the other end is connected with the side gas inlet 32 of the high-frequency induction plasma generator 29; the central gas valve 9 is arranged on the central gas high-pressure argon bottle 6, the central gas regulating valve 15 is arranged on the central gas pipe 12, one end of the central gas pipe 12 is connected with the central gas valve 9, and the other end is connected with the central gas inlet 33 of the high-frequency induction plasma generator 29; a high-pressure argon gas valve 10 is arranged on the high-pressure argon gas bottle 7, a high-pressure argon gas regulating valve 16 is arranged on a high-pressure argon gas pipe 13, one end of the high-pressure argon gas pipe 13 is connected with the high-pressure argon gas valve 10, and the other end of the high-pressure argon gas pipe is connected with a high-pressure precise metal powder feeder 18; the high-pressure precise metal powder feeder 18 is arranged at the bottom of the storage tank 19 of the high-pressure precise metal powder feeder, and the storage tank cover 20 of the high-pressure precise metal powder feeder is arranged at the upper part of the storage tank 19 of the high-pressure precise metal powder feeder; the high-pressure precise metal powder feeder 18 is connected with a carrier gas/powder inlet 34 of the high-frequency induction plasma generator 29 through a metal powder mixing gas pipe 22; the high-pressure precise hard abrasive powder feeder 23 is arranged at the bottom of the storage tank 24 of the high-pressure precise hard abrasive powder feeder, and the storage tank cover 25 of the high-pressure precise hard abrasive powder feeder is arranged at the upper part of the storage tank 24 of the high-pressure precise hard abrasive powder feeder; the high-pressure precise hard abrasive powder feeder 23 is connected with a hard abrasive nozzle interface 40 of a magnetic abrasive synthesis condensing chamber 47 through a hard abrasive powder mixing air pipe 27; the hard abrasive nozzle 37 is connected with the hard abrasive nozzle interface 40, and the hard abrasive nozzle 37 is positioned at the top end inside the shell 42 of the magnetic abrasive synthetic condensation chamber; an annular cold air spray pipe 46 is positioned at the lower part of the hard abrasive nozzle 37 in the magnetic abrasive synthetic condensation chamber shell 42; the cooling water outlet 41 of the magnetic abrasive synthetic condensation chamber is positioned at the upper part of the shell 42 of the magnetic abrasive synthetic condensation chamber, and the cooling water inlet 43 of the magnetic abrasive synthetic condensation chamber is positioned at the lower part of the shell 42 of the magnetic abrasive synthetic condensation chamber; a hard abrasive collector 44 is mounted at the lowermost end of the magnetic abrasive synthetic condensation chamber housing 42; the dust removal chamber 48 is connected with the magnetic abrasive synthesis condensation chamber 47 through an air draft dust removal pipe 45; the filter screen 49 is positioned at the upper end inside the dust removing chamber 48; a hard abrasive collector 44 is mounted at the lowermost end of the dust chamber 48; the fan 51 is connected with the upper end of the dust chamber 48 through the exhaust pipe 50; the high-frequency induction coil 30 is wound on the high-frequency induction coil winding pipe 31, the carrier gas/powder inlet 34 is fixed at the central axis position of the upper part of the high-frequency induction coil winding pipe 31, and the central gas inlet 33 and the side gas inlet 32 are sequentially arranged from inside to outside; the high-frequency induction plasma generator 29 is installed at the outer top end of the magnetic abrasive synthesis condensation chamber 47.
The magnetic grinding material device is prepared by combining plasma molten metal micro-droplets and hard grinding material powder and performing fast coagulation, and the magnetic grinding material is prepared by adopting the following steps:
step one, putting ferromagnetic metal powder 21 into a storage tank 19 of a high-pressure precise metal powder feeder, putting hard abrasive powder 26 into a storage tank 24 of the high-pressure precise hard abrasive powder feeder, and adjusting the opening and closing sizes of a high-pressure nitrogen gas valve 2, a side gas valve 8, a central gas valve 9 and a high-pressure argon gas valve 10; a power supply of a fan 51 of the powder collecting and dedusting system 52 is switched on for air draft and dedusting, cold air is introduced into the annular cold air spray pipe 46, and cooling water is introduced into the cooling water inlet 43 of the magnetic abrasive synthetic condensation chamber; the high frequency induction plasma generator 29 is powered on to establish a stable plasma torch 35.
And step two, adjusting the rotating speed of the high-pressure precise metal powder feeder 18 to feed the ferromagnetic metal powder 21 into the plasma torch 35, and heating the ferromagnetic metal powder to form molten metal micro-droplets 36.
And step three, adjusting the rotation speed of the high-pressure precise hard abrasive powder feeder 23 to feed the hard abrasive powder 26 into the hard abrasive nozzle 37, spraying the hard abrasive powder into the metal micro-droplets 36 by using a hard abrasive powder mixing airflow 38 in the falling process of the metal micro-droplets, so that the hard abrasive is injected into the metal micro-droplets, and rapidly condensing molten spherical magnetic abrasive 39 containing the hard abrasive by using cooling gas sprayed by the annular cold air spray pipe 46, thereby obtaining the spherical magnetic abrasive 53 with the hard abrasive firmly combined with the metal matrix.
Step four, after the preparation is finished, closing the high-pressure precise metal powder feeder 18, the high-pressure precise hard abrasive powder feeder 23, the high-pressure nitrogen gas valve 2, the high-pressure argon gas valve 10, the side gas valve 8, the center gas valve 9, the cold gas introduced into the annular cold gas spray pipe 46 and the power supply of the fan 51 in sequence; when the temperature of the abrasive collector 44 is reduced to be close to the normal temperature, the cooling water introduced into the cooling water inlet 43 of the magnetic abrasive synthesis condensation chamber is closed, and the abrasive collector 44 is taken down from the lower ends of the magnetic abrasive synthesis condensation chamber 47 and the powder collection and dust removal system 52 and is screened to obtain the spherical magnetic abrasive 53.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in the embodiments described above without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims.

Claims (5)

1. The magnetic abrasive device is prepared by combining plasma molten metal micro-droplets and hard abrasive powder and performing rapid solidification, and is characterized in that: comprises a gas station (17), a high-pressure precise powder feeding system (28), a high-frequency induction plasma generator (29), a hard abrasive nozzle (37), a magnetic abrasive synthetic condensation chamber (42) and a powder collecting and dedusting system (52); the gas station (17) comprises: the device comprises a high-pressure nitrogen cylinder group (1), a high-pressure nitrogen gas valve (2), a high-pressure nitrogen gas pipe (3), a high-pressure nitrogen gas regulating valve (4), a side gas high-pressure argon gas cylinder (5), a central gas high-pressure argon gas cylinder (6), a high-pressure argon gas cylinder (7), a side gas valve (8), a central gas valve (9), a high-pressure argon gas valve (10), a side gas pipe (11), a central gas pipe (12), a high-pressure argon gas pipe (13), a side gas regulating valve (14), a central gas regulating valve (15) and a high-pressure argon gas regulating valve (16); the high-pressure nitrogen gas valve (2) is arranged on the high-pressure nitrogen gas bottle group (1), the high-pressure nitrogen gas regulating valve (4) is arranged on the high-pressure nitrogen gas pipe (3), one end of the high-pressure nitrogen gas pipe (3) is connected with the high-pressure nitrogen gas valve (2), and the other end of the high-pressure nitrogen gas pipe is connected with the high-pressure precise hard abrasive powder feeder (23); the side gas valve (8) is arranged on the side gas high-pressure argon bottle (5), the side gas regulating valve (14) is arranged on the side gas pipe (11), one end of the side gas pipe (11) is connected with the side gas valve (8), and the other end is connected with the side gas inlet (32) of the high-frequency induction plasma generator (29); a central gas valve (9) is arranged on the central gas high-pressure argon bottle (6), a central gas regulating valve (15) is arranged on a central gas pipe (12), one end of the central gas pipe (12) is connected with the central gas valve (9), and the other end is connected with a central gas inlet (33) of a high-frequency induction plasma generator (29); a high-pressure argon gas valve (10) is arranged on a high-pressure argon gas bottle (7), a high-pressure argon gas regulating valve (16) is arranged on a high-pressure argon gas pipe (13), one end of the high-pressure argon gas pipe (13) is connected with the high-pressure argon gas valve (10), and the other end of the high-pressure argon gas pipe is connected with a high-pressure precise metal powder feeder (18); the high-pressure precision powder feeding system (28) comprises: the device comprises a high-pressure precise metal powder feeder (18), a high-pressure precise metal powder feeder storage tank (19), a high-pressure precise metal powder feeder storage tank cover (20), a metal powder mixing air pipe (22), a high-pressure precise hard abrasive powder feeder (23), a high-pressure precise hard abrasive powder feeder storage tank (24), a high-pressure precise hard abrasive powder feeder storage tank cover (25) and a hard abrasive mixing air pipe (27); the high-pressure precise metal powder feeder (18) is arranged at the bottom of the storage tank (19) of the high-pressure precise metal powder feeder, and the storage tank cover (20) of the high-pressure precise metal powder feeder is arranged at the upper part of the storage tank (19) of the high-pressure precise metal powder feeder; the high-pressure precise metal powder feeder (18) is connected with a carrier gas/powder inlet (34) of a high-frequency induction plasma generator (29) through a metal powder mixing gas pipe (22); the high-pressure precise hard abrasive powder feeder (23) is arranged at the bottom of a storage tank (24) of the high-pressure precise hard abrasive powder feeder, and a storage tank cover (25) of the high-pressure precise hard abrasive powder feeder is arranged at the upper part of the storage tank (24) of the high-pressure precise hard abrasive powder feeder; the high-pressure precise hard abrasive powder feeder (23) is connected with a hard abrasive nozzle interface (40) of a magnetic abrasive synthesis condensation chamber (47) through a hard abrasive powder mixing air pipe (27); the high-frequency induction plasma generator (29) comprises: a high-frequency induction coil (30), a high-frequency induction coil winding pipe (31), a side gas inlet (32), a central gas inlet (33) and a carrier gas/powder inlet (34); the high-frequency induction coil (30) is wound on the high-frequency induction coil winding pipe (31), the carrier gas/powder inlet (34) is fixed at the central axis position of the upper part of the high-frequency induction coil winding pipe (31), and the central gas inlet (33) and the side gas inlet (32) are sequentially arranged from inside to outside; the high-frequency induction plasma generator (29) is arranged at the top end of the outer part of the magnetic abrasive synthesizing and condensing chamber (47); the magnetic abrasive synthesis condensation chamber (47) comprises: the device comprises a hard abrasive nozzle (37), a hard abrasive nozzle interface (40), a magnetic abrasive synthetic condensation chamber cooling water outlet (41), a magnetic abrasive synthetic condensation chamber shell (42), a magnetic abrasive synthetic condensation chamber cooling water inlet (43), a hard abrasive collector (44) and an annular cold air spray pipe (46); the hard abrasive nozzle (37) is connected with the hard abrasive nozzle interface (40), and the hard abrasive nozzle (37) is positioned at the top end inside the magnetic abrasive synthetic condensation chamber shell (42); the annular cold air spray pipe (46) is arranged at the lower part of the hard abrasive nozzle (37) and is arranged inside the shell (42) of the magnetic abrasive synthetic condensation chamber; a cooling water outlet (41) of the magnetic abrasive synthetic condensation chamber is positioned at the upper part of a shell (42) of the magnetic abrasive synthetic condensation chamber, and a cooling water inlet (43) of the magnetic abrasive synthetic condensation chamber is positioned at the lower part of the shell (42) of the magnetic abrasive synthetic condensation chamber; the hard abrasive collector (44) is arranged at the lowest end of the shell (42) of the magnetic abrasive synthetic condensation chamber; the powder collection and dust removal system (52) includes: a dust chamber (48), a filter screen (49), a hard abrasive collector (44), an exhaust pipe (50) and a fan (51); the dust removal chamber (48) is connected with the magnetic abrasive synthesis condensation chamber (47) through an air draft dust removal pipe (45); the filter screen (49) is positioned at the upper end inside the dust removing chamber (48); the hard abrasive collector (44) is arranged at the lowest end of the dust removing chamber (48); the fan (51) is connected with the upper end of the dust chamber (48) through an exhaust pipe (50).
2. The device for preparing the magnetic abrasive material by combining the plasma molten metal micro-droplets with the hard abrasive powder and performing rapid solidification according to claim 1, is characterized in that: under the drive of high-pressure argon gas flow, ferromagnetic metal powder (21) enters a carrier gas/powder inlet (34) through a metal powder mixing gas pipe (22) and is heated by a plasma torch (35) to become molten metal micro-droplets (36).
3. The device for preparing the magnetic abrasive material by combining the plasma molten metal micro-droplets with the hard abrasive powder and performing rapid solidification according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the hard abrasive powder (26) enters a hard abrasive nozzle (37) under the blowing of high-pressure nitrogen, and the sprayed hard abrasive powder mixing airflow (38) is shot to the falling metal micro-droplets (36).
4. The device for preparing the magnetic abrasive material by combining the plasma molten metal micro-droplets with the hard abrasive powder and performing rapid solidification according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the magnetic grinding material synthetic condensation chamber shell (42) is of a double-layer structure, and cooling water is filled in the shell.
5. The device for preparing the magnetic abrasive material by combining the plasma molten metal micro-droplets with the hard abrasive powder and performing rapid solidification according to claim 1, is characterized in that: cold air is introduced into the annular cold air nozzle (46) and is close to the hard abrasive nozzle (37), and the sprayed cold air can quickly condense the falling molten spherical magnetic abrasive (39) containing the hard abrasive, so that the spherical magnetic abrasive (53) with the hard abrasive firmly combined with the metal matrix is obtained.
CN202110415568.XA 2021-04-19 2021-04-19 Device for preparing magnetic abrasive by combining plasma molten metal micro-droplets with hard abrasive powder and performing rapid solidification Withdrawn CN113172231A (en)

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