CN113165524B - Vehicle-mounted low-voltage battery charging circuit and electric automobile - Google Patents

Vehicle-mounted low-voltage battery charging circuit and electric automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113165524B
CN113165524B CN202080006693.9A CN202080006693A CN113165524B CN 113165524 B CN113165524 B CN 113165524B CN 202080006693 A CN202080006693 A CN 202080006693A CN 113165524 B CN113165524 B CN 113165524B
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resistor
low
power
circuit
voltage
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CN202080006693.9A
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CN113165524A (en
Inventor
刘鹏飞
胡定高
吴壬华
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Shenzhen Shinry Technologies Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Shinry Technologies Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L1/00Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/31Charging columns specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/66Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12Electric charging stations
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14Plug-in electric vehicles
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Vehicle-mounted battery charging circuit and electric automobile, charging circuit includes: the power supply system comprises a CP power taking circuit (100), a low-voltage power-deficient control circuit (200), a power-deficient detection circuit (300), a low-voltage battery (400), a power supply control circuit (500), an S2 switch (600) and a charging pile (700); the first input end of the low-voltage power-deficient control circuit (200) is connected with the output end of the CP power-taking circuit (100), the second input end of the low-voltage power-deficient control circuit (200) is connected with the output end of the power-deficient detection circuit (300), and the output end of the low-voltage power-deficient control circuit (200) is connected with the control end of the S2 switch (600). When the vehicle low-voltage battery (400) is deficient, the control command can be output by the low-voltage power-deficient control circuit (200) to control the S2 switch (600) to be closed or opened, so that the low-voltage battery (400) is charged by taking alternating current from the charging pile (700) through the power control circuit (500), and the problems of low working efficiency, high labor cost or high hardware cost of charging when the conventional electric vehicle low-voltage battery is deficient are solved.

Description

Vehicle-mounted low-voltage battery charging circuit and electric automobile
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of electric automobile charging, in particular to a vehicle-mounted low-voltage battery charging circuit and an electric automobile.
Background
With the problems of energy consumption and environmental pollution caused by the wide application of automobiles, electric automobiles are receiving more and more attention. Most of control principles of the existing electric automobile are that a whole vehicle controller and a battery management system (Battery Management System, BMS) are connected with a low-voltage battery to be used as normal electricity, and at present, aiming at national standards for regulations and requirements of a vehicle charging system, a detection device on the market is placed in the BMS, and whether a connector is correctly connected or not is determined by the BMS through CC and CP signals and the S2 switch is controlled to be closed. However, when the self-discharging of the low-voltage battery occurs or the electric equipment works for a long time and is not charged, the low-voltage battery is deficient, so that the whole electric automobile cannot be started, and the BMS cannot charge the low-voltage battery through an On-Board Charger (OBC) by closing an S2 switch.
At present, the problem of low-voltage battery power consumption is generally solved by replacing a low-voltage battery or charging the low-voltage battery through an OBC of a vehicle. However, the low-voltage battery needs to be replaced at a place where the low-voltage battery is specially replaced, the process is time-consuming and high in cost, and external tools such as a battery wire are required to be used for charging the low-voltage battery through the OBC of the other vehicle, so that the operation steps are complicated, and the experience of a user is seriously affected.
Content of the application
The embodiment of the application provides a vehicle-mounted low-voltage battery charging circuit and an electric automobile, wherein a CP signal sent by a charging pile is used for controlling the closing of an S2 switch through a low-voltage power-shortage control circuit when the low-voltage battery of the automobile is in power shortage, so that the low-voltage battery can be charged by taking alternating current from the charging pile through the power control circuit, and the problems of low charging working efficiency and high labor cost or hardware cost when the low-voltage battery of the existing electric automobile is in power shortage are solved.
An embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle-mounted battery charging circuit, where the charging circuit includes: the CP electricity taking circuit, the low-voltage electricity-deficient control circuit, the electricity-deficient detection circuit, the low-voltage battery, the power supply control circuit, the S2 switch and the charging pile, wherein,
the first input end of the low-voltage power-deficient control circuit is connected with the output end of the CP power-taking circuit, the second input end of the low-voltage power-deficient control circuit is connected with the output end of the power-deficient detection circuit, the output end of the low-voltage power-deficient control circuit is connected with the control end of the S2 switch, the input end of the CP power-taking circuit is respectively connected with the charging pile and the input end of the S2 switch, the input end of the power-deficient detection circuit is connected with the output end of the low-voltage battery, the input end of the low-voltage battery is connected with the output end of the power control circuit, the output end of the S2 switch is connected with the first input end of the power control circuit, and the second input end of the power control circuit is connected with the charging pile;
the low-voltage power consumption control circuit outputs a control instruction for controlling the on/off of the S2 switch.
In one possible example, the CP power extraction circuit includes: a first diode, a first resistor, a second resistor, and a first capacitor, wherein,
one end of the first resistor is connected with an input end port of the CP power taking circuit, the other end of the first resistor is connected with an anode end of the first diode, a cathode of the first diode is connected with one end of the second resistor, the other end of the second resistor is connected with one end of the first capacitor and an output end of the CP power taking circuit respectively, and the other end of the first capacitor is grounded.
In one possible example, the power loss detection circuit includes: a second diode, a third resistor, a fourth resistor and a fifth resistor, wherein,
the anode of the second diode is connected with the input end port of the power shortage detection circuit, the cathode of the second diode is connected with one end of the third resistor, the other end of the third resistor is connected with one end of the fourth resistor, the other end of the fourth resistor, one end of the fifth resistor and the output end port of the power shortage detection circuit are connected, and the other end of the fifth resistor is grounded.
In one possible example, the low voltage power loss control circuit includes: a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, a third diode, a second capacitor, a third capacitor and an operational amplifier, wherein,
the positive pole of the third diode is connected with the AVCC end of the operational amplifier, one end of the ninth resistor and the first input end port of the low-voltage power-losing control circuit respectively, the negative pole of the third diode is connected with one end of the eighth resistor, the other end of the ninth resistor is connected with the positive phase input end of the operational amplifier, one end of the tenth resistor and one end of the third capacitor respectively, the other end of the eighth resistor is connected with the reverse phase input end of the operational amplifier and the second input end port of the low-voltage power-losing control circuit respectively, the other end of the tenth resistor is grounded, the other end of the third capacitor is grounded, the output end of the operational amplifier is connected with one end of the seventh resistor, the other end of the seventh resistor is connected with one end of the sixth resistor, the other end of the sixth resistor is connected with one end of the second capacitor and the output end port of the low-voltage power-losing control circuit respectively, the other end of the second resistor is grounded, and the negative power supply of the operational amplifier is grounded.
In another possible example, the low voltage power loss control circuit includes: the single chip microcomputer, a sixth resistor, a third diode, a fourth diode, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a first power supply circuit and a second power supply circuit, wherein,
one end of the first power supply circuit is respectively connected with the anode of the third diode, one end of the third capacitor and the other end of the first capacitor, the other end of the first power supply circuit is connected with a first input end port of the low-voltage power shortage control circuit, the other end of the third capacitor is respectively connected with the VCC interface of the single chip microcomputer, the cathode of the third diode and the cathode of the fourth diode, one end of the second power supply circuit is connected with the anode of the fourth diode, the other end of the second power supply circuit is connected with one end of the fourth resistor, the input interface of the single chip microcomputer is connected with a second input end port of the low-voltage power shortage control circuit, the output interface of the single chip microcomputer is connected with one end of the sixth resistor, the other end of the sixth resistor is respectively connected with one end of the second capacitor and the output end port of the low-voltage power shortage control circuit, the other end of the second capacitor is grounded, and the GND end of the single chip microcomputer is grounded.
In one possible example, the first single-chip microcomputer power supply circuit and the second single-chip microcomputer power supply circuit include a 3.3V to 5V power supply circuit.
In one possible example, the low voltage power loss control circuit outputs a control instruction for controlling the on or off of the S2 switch specifically includes:
the low-voltage power-failure control circuit samples the output voltage of the low-voltage battery in real time through the power-failure detection circuit, if the output voltage of the low-voltage battery is lower than the reference voltage, the low-voltage power-failure control circuit outputs a high level or a low level to the S2 switch according to the input voltage of the first input end and the input voltage of the second input end, and the S2 switch is closed or opened according to the received level.
In one possible example, the power control circuit includes an OBC and a DC/DC converter, wherein the OBC includes an inrush current limiting circuit, a resonant rectifying circuit, and a power factor correction circuit.
In one possible example, the connection of the OBC and DC/DC converter includes integrated and free standing.
A second aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides an electric vehicle, including the vehicle-mounted battery charging circuit of the first aspect.
It can be seen that when the vehicle-mounted low-voltage battery charging circuit and the electric vehicle described in the embodiments of the present application are deficient in power, the vehicle-mounted low-voltage battery charging circuit and the electric vehicle can be connected with an external charging pile, and the CP signal sent by the charging pile controls the closing of the S2 switch through the low-voltage power-deficient control circuit, so that the low-voltage battery can obtain ac power from the charging pile for charging through the power supply control circuit. The problem of present electric automobile battery low in working efficiency that charges when insufficient voltage, human cost or hardware cost are high is solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of prior art detection circuitry;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle-mounted charging circuit for a low-voltage battery according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a CP circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a power-loss detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5A is a schematic structural diagram of a low-voltage power-saving control circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5B is a schematic diagram of another low voltage power loss control circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a power control circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another power control circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another vehicle-mounted battery charging circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present application, a technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
The terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims and in the above-described figures are used for distinguishing between different objects and not necessarily for describing a sequential or chronological order. Furthermore, the terms "comprise" and "have," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those listed but may optionally include additional steps or elements not listed or inherent to such process, article, or apparatus.
Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of such phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those of skill in the art will explicitly and implicitly appreciate that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
To better illustrate the embodiments of the present application, a description is first given of a detection circuit in the prior art. Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a detection circuit in the prior art. As shown in fig. 1, when the vehicle is connected to the charging post and the power supply device has no fault, the S1 switch is switched from the 12V connection state to the pulse width modulation (Pulse Width Modulation, PWM) state, the power supply control device sends a PWM signal, the power supply control device determines whether the power supply plug and the power supply socket are completely connected by measuring the voltage at the detection point 1 or the detection point 4, the vehicle control device determines whether the vehicle plug and the vehicle socket are completely connected by measuring the resistance value between the detection point 3 and the PE, and confirms the maximum power supply current of the current power supply device by measuring the CP signal duty ratio of the detection point 2, and when the charging device is confirmed to be completely connected, the vehicle control device controls the S2 switch to be closed, and the vehicle starts to be charged through the charging post. In the above detection circuit, when the low-voltage battery is low in power, the vehicle control device cannot determine whether the connector is connected correctly, and thus cannot control the closing of the S2 switch to charge the low-voltage battery.
Aiming at the problems, the embodiment of the application provides a vehicle-mounted battery charging circuit, which comprises: the system comprises a CP electricity taking circuit, a low-voltage electricity-deficiency control circuit, an electricity-deficiency detection circuit, a low-voltage battery, a power supply control circuit, an S2 switch and a charging pile; the first input end of the low-voltage power-deficient control circuit is connected with the output end of the CP power-taking circuit, the second input end of the low-voltage power-deficient control circuit is connected with the output end of the power-deficient detection circuit, the output end of the low-voltage power-deficient control circuit is connected with the control end of the S2 switch, the input end of the CP power-deficient control circuit is respectively connected with the charging pile and the input end of the S2 switch, the input end of the power-deficient detection circuit is connected with the output end of the low-voltage battery, the input end of the low-voltage battery is connected with the output end of the power control circuit, the output end of the S2 switch is connected with the first input end of the power control circuit, and the second input end of the power control circuit is connected with the charging pile. The CP signal sent by the charging pile is used for controlling the S2 switch to be closed through the low-voltage power-deficient control circuit, so that the low-voltage battery can be charged by acquiring alternating current from the charging pile through the power control circuit, and the problems of low charging working efficiency and high labor cost or hardware cost of the conventional electric automobile battery are solved.
Embodiments of the present application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the crossing points of intersecting conductors have dots to indicate that the conductors are connected, and the non-dots at the crossing points indicate that the conductors are not connected.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle-mounted low-voltage battery charging circuit according to an embodiment of the present application, where the vehicle-mounted low-voltage battery charging circuit includes: the power supply circuit comprises a CP power taking circuit 100, a low-voltage power-shortage control circuit 200, a power-shortage detection circuit 300, a low-voltage battery 400, a power supply control circuit 500, an S2 switch 600 and a charging pile 700; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
the first input end of the low-voltage power-shortage control circuit 200 is connected with the output end of the CP power-taking circuit 100, the second input end of the low-voltage power-shortage control circuit 200 is connected with the output end of the power-shortage detection circuit 300, the output end of the low-voltage power-shortage control circuit 200 is connected with the control end of the S2 switch 600, the input end of the CP power-shortage control circuit 100 is respectively connected with the charging pile 700 and the input end of the S2 switch 600, the input end of the power-shortage detection circuit 300 is connected with the output end of the low-voltage battery 400, the input end of the low-voltage battery 400 is connected with the output end of the power control circuit 500, the output end of the S2 switch 600 is connected with the first input end of the power control circuit 500, and the second input end of the power control circuit 500 is connected with the charging pile 700.
The low voltage power consumption control circuit 200 outputs a control command for controlling the on or off of the S2 switch 600.
Alternatively, the S2 switch 600 may be a control switch, where the S2 switch 600 is in a closed state when the control terminal of the S2 switch 600 receives a high level, and the S2 switch 600 is in an open state when the control terminal of the S2 switch 600 receives a low level.
Wherein, the charging pile 700 may provide 220V ac power.
It should be noted that, after the charging pile 700 is connected to the vehicle, a CP signal may be sent to feed back the maximum output current provided by the charging pile 700, where the CP signal may be a PWM signal with an amplitude of 9V and a frequency of 1KHz, and the duty cycle of the CP signal may set the maximum output current of the charging pile.
In one possible example, as shown in fig. 3, the CP fetch circuit 100 includes: a first diode D1, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, and a first capacitor C1. Wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
one end of the first resistor R1 is connected with an input end port of the CP circuit 100, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected with an anode end of the first diode D1, a cathode of the first diode D1 is connected with one end of the second resistor R2, the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected with one end of the first capacitor C1 and an output end of the CP circuit 100 respectively, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is grounded.
Alternatively, the first diode D1 may be a rectifier diode.
In one possible example, as shown in fig. 4, the power loss detection circuit 300 includes: a second diode D2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4 and a fifth resistor R5. Wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
the anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the input port of the power-shortage detection circuit 300, the cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to one end of the third resistor R3, the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4, the other end of the fourth resistor R4, one end of the fifth resistor R5, and the output port of the power-shortage detection circuit 300 are connected, and the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is grounded.
Optionally, the second diode D2 may be a rectifier diode, the resistances of the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 may be equal, and the resistance of the fifth resistor R5 may be a sum of the resistances of the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4.
In one possible example, as shown in fig. 5A, the low voltage power loss control circuit 200 includes: a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9, a tenth resistor R10, a third diode D3, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, and an operational amplifier U1A. Wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
the anode of the third diode D3 is connected to the AVCC terminal of the operational amplifier U1A, one terminal of the ninth resistor R9, and the first input terminal of the low voltage power loss control circuit 200, the cathode of the third diode D3 is connected to one terminal of the eighth resistor R8, the other terminal of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the normal phase input terminal of the operational amplifier U1A, one terminal of the tenth resistor R10, and one terminal of the third capacitor C3, the other terminal of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1A and the second input terminal of the low voltage power loss control circuit 200, the other terminal of the tenth resistor R10 is grounded, the other terminal of the third capacitor C3 is grounded, the output terminal of the operational amplifier U1A is connected to one terminal of the seventh resistor R7, the other terminal of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to one terminal of the sixth resistor R6, the other terminal of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the second input terminal of the low voltage power loss control circuit 200, and the other terminal of the second resistor C2 is grounded.
The other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to one end of the sixth resistor R6 and an s2_com signal, where the s2_com signal is a control signal for closing or opening the S2 switch 600 after the vehicle control device detects the CP signal.
Alternatively, the control signal output may be a high level signal when the vehicle control device detects that the voltage of the low voltage battery 400 is lower than 12V, and the control signal output may be a low level signal when the vehicle control device detects that the voltage of the low voltage battery 400 is higher than or equal to 12V.
Optionally, the third diode D3 may be a rectifier diode, the resistance of the sixth resistor R6 may be equal to the resistance of the seventh resistor R7, and the resistance of the ninth resistor R9 may be equal to the resistance of the tenth resistor R10.
In another possible example, as shown in fig. 5B, the low voltage power loss control circuit 200 includes: the power supply circuit comprises a singlechip, a sixth resistor R6, a third diode D3, a fourth diode D4, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, a first power supply circuit and a second power supply circuit. Wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
one end of the first power supply circuit is respectively connected with the anode of the third diode D3, one end of the third capacitor C3 and the other end of the first capacitor C1, the other end of the first power supply circuit is connected with the first input end port of the low-voltage power-shortage control circuit 200, the other end of the third capacitor C3 is respectively connected with the VCC interface of the single chip microcomputer, the cathode of the third diode D3 and the cathode of the fourth diode D4, one end of the second power supply circuit is connected with the anode of the fourth diode D4, the other end of the second power supply circuit is connected with one end of the fourth resistor R4, the input end interface of the single chip microcomputer is connected with the second input end port of the low-voltage power-shortage control circuit 200, the output interface of the single chip microcomputer is connected with one end of the sixth resistor R6, the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is respectively connected with one end of the second capacitor C2 and the output end port of the low-voltage power-shortage control circuit 200, and the other end of the second capacitor C2 is connected with the ground, and the other end of the single chip microcomputer is grounded.
The control end of the singlechip is further connected with an s2_com signal, where the s2_com signal is a control signal for closing the S2 switch 600 after the vehicle control device detects the CP signal, and the s2_com signal is a control signal for closing or opening the S2 switch 600 after the vehicle control device detects the CP signal.
Alternatively, the control signal output may be a high level signal when the vehicle control device detects that the voltage of the low voltage battery 400 is lower than 12V, and the control signal output may be a low level signal when the vehicle control device detects that the voltage of the low voltage battery 400 is higher than or equal to 12V. Specifically, when the s2_com signal is at a high level, the single-chip microcomputer may directly output the high level; when the s2_com signal is at a low level, the single chip microcomputer may output a high level or a low level to the S2 switch 600 according to the VCC terminal voltage and the input terminal voltage.
Alternatively, each of the third diode D3 and the fourth diode D4 may be a rectifier diode, and the capacity of the third capacitor C3 may be equal to the capacity of the first capacitor C1.
Wherein, the singlechip may include but is not limited to: MCS51 singlechip, STC51 singlechip and AVR singlechip.
In one possible embodiment, the low voltage power loss control circuit 200 outputting a control command for controlling the on or off of the S2 switch 600 may specifically include:
the low voltage power-off control circuit 200 samples the output voltage of the low voltage battery 400 in real time through the power-off detection circuit 300, if the output voltage of the low voltage battery 400 is lower than the reference voltage, the low voltage power-off control circuit 200 outputs a high level or a low level to the S2 switch 600 according to the input voltages of the first input terminal and the second input terminal, and the S2 switch 600 is turned on or turned off according to the received level.
Specifically, when the voltage of the first input terminal of the low voltage power-supplied control circuit 200 is higher than the voltage of the second input terminal, the output terminal of the low voltage power-supplied control circuit 200 may output a high level; when the voltage of the first input terminal of the low voltage power-up control circuit 200 is lower than the voltage of the second input terminal, the output terminal of the low voltage power-up control circuit 200 may output a low level.
Further, when the control terminal of the S2 switch 600 receives a high level, the S2 switch 600 is in a closed state, and a charging circuit between the charging pile 700 and the low-voltage battery 400 is turned on; when the control terminal of the S2 switch 600 receives a low level, the S2 switch 600 is in an off state, and a charging circuit between the charging pile 700 and the battery 400 is disconnected.
Wherein S2 switch 600 includes, but is not limited to: relay KA, field effect transistor MOSFET, bipolar transistor and semiconductor diode.
Alternatively, the first power supply circuit and the second power supply circuit may include a 3.3V to 5V power supply circuit.
Wherein the first power supply circuit and the second power supply circuit may include, but are not limited to: a DC/DC boost converter circuit, a MC33466-50JT1 boost converter circuit, and a MC33466-50LT1 boost converter circuit.
Wherein, the reference voltage may be 6V.
In one possible example, as shown in fig. 6, the power control circuit 500 may include an OBC510 and a DC/DC converter 520, the OBC510 including a rush current limit 511, a resonant rectification 512, and a power factor correction 513.
The surge current limit 511, the resonance rectification 512, the power factor correction 513 and the DC/DC converter 520 are sequentially connected, a first input end of the power control circuit 500 is connected to the DC/DC converter 520, a second input end of the power control circuit 500 is connected to the surge current limit 511, the power control circuit 500 takes 220V alternating current from the charging pile 700 through the second input end, and the DC/DC converter is operated through the first input end, so that 220V alternating current outputs high-voltage direct current and low-voltage direct current through the DC/DC converter.
In one possible embodiment, the connection between the OBC510 and the DC/DC converter 520 includes both integrated and free standing.
Specifically, in the above power control circuit, the OBC510 and the DC/DC converter 520 may be disposed separately, that is, the OBC510 and the DC/DC converter 520 may be integrated, and co-located in the power control circuit; the OBC510 and the DC/DC converter 520 may also be arranged independently, i.e. the OBC510 and the DC/DC converter 520 may be located in the power control circuit independently of each other, and the OBC510 and the DC/DC converter 520 are connected by a wire.
Further, the integration of the OBC510 and the DC/DC converter 520 may include a magnetic integration and a board integration.
Specifically, the magnetic integration may be that the OBC510 connects the high voltage output and the low voltage output of the DC/DC converter 520 through one transformer, thereby simultaneously outputting high voltage direct current and low voltage direct current; the board integration mode may be that the OBC510 is connected to the high voltage output of the DC/DC converter 520 through a transformer, and then the high voltage output of the DC/DC converter 520 is connected to the low voltage output of the DC/DC converter 520 through a transformer, so that the high voltage direct current is output, and then the low voltage direct current is output, as shown in fig. 7, fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the board integration mode power supply control circuit.
Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of another vehicle-mounted battery charging circuit according to an embodiment of the application. This on-vehicle battery charging circuit includes: CP gets circuit 100, low voltage power consumption control circuit 200, power consumption detection circuit 300, low voltage battery 400, power control circuit 500, S2 switch 600 and fills electric pile 700, wherein:
the S2 switch 600 includes a first diode D1, a first resistor R1, and a first transistor Q1;
the low voltage power-fail control circuit 200 includes a fourth resistor R4, a second capacitor C2, and a power-fail control module, and the power-fail control module outputs a control command for controlling the on or off of the S2 switch 600.
Optionally, the voltage of the low voltage battery 400 is sampled in real time by the voltage-deficiency detection circuit 300, and when the output voltage of the low voltage battery 400 is lower than the reference voltage, the low voltage-deficiency control circuit 200 compares the input terminal voltage of the voltage-deficiency control module with the VCC terminal voltage and outputs a high level or a low level to the S2 switch 600.
Specifically, when the input voltage of the power-up control module is higher than the VCC terminal voltage, the low-voltage power-up control circuit 200 outputs a low level to the S2 switch 600, when the gate of the first transistor Q1 receives the low level, there is no current between the source and the drain of the first transistor Q1, the first transistor Q1 is in an off state, the S2 switch 600 is in an off state, when the input voltage of the power-up control module is lower than the VCC terminal voltage, the low-voltage power-up control circuit 200 outputs a high level to the S2 switch 600, when the gate of the first transistor Q1 receives the high level, there is a current between the source and the drain of the first transistor Q1, the first transistor Q1 is in an on state, the S2 switch 600 is in an off state, and the charging circuit between the charging pile 700 and the low-voltage battery 400 is turned on.
Optionally, the control end of the power-deficient control module is connected with an s2_com signal, where the s2_com signal is a control signal that is used by the vehicle control device to close or open the S2 switch 600 after detecting the CP signal. When the vehicle control device detects that the voltage of the low-voltage battery 400 is lower than 12V, the control signal outputs a high-level signal; when the vehicle control device detects that the voltage of the low-voltage battery 400 is higher than or equal to 12V, the control signal outputs a low-level signal; when the S2_COM signal is at a high level, the power-saving control module directly outputs the high level, and when the S2_COM signal is at a low level, the power-saving control module outputs the high level or the low level by comparing the voltages of the VCC end and the input end.
Optionally, the power control circuit 500 includes an OBC and a DC/DC converter, where the OBC and the DC/DC converter may be integrated in a magnetic or board integrated manner, and the OBC and the DC/DC converter in fig. 8 are magnetically integrated.
As a possible implementation, the power loss control module 200 may include, but is not limited to, an operational amplifier or an MSC51 single-chip microcomputer.
As a possible implementation, the reference voltage may be 6V.
As one possible implementation, S2 switch 600 includes, but is not limited to: relay KA, field effect transistor MOSFET, bipolar transistor and semiconductor diode.
It can be seen that, in the present example, by controlling the output of the power-loss control module and further controlling the closing of the S2 switch 600, the power control circuit 500 is able to obtain the ac power from the charging pile 700 to charge the battery 400, so as to solve the problems of low charging efficiency, high labor cost or high hardware cost of the existing electric vehicle battery during power-loss.
In another embodiment of the present application, an electric vehicle is provided, which includes the vehicle-mounted battery charging circuit described in the above embodiment.
In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the embodiments are emphasized, and for parts of one embodiment that are not described in detail, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
In several embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that the disclosed vehicle-mounted battery charging circuit may be implemented in other manners. For example, the above-described embodiments of the vehicle-mounted battery charging circuit are merely illustrative, and other components with the same functions may be used as components in the above-described circuit. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be an indirect coupling or communication connection via some interfaces, circuits or components, which may be in electrical or other forms.
In addition, each circuit in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated in one circuit board, or each circuit may exist alone, or two or more circuits may be integrated in one circuit board.
The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the more detailed description of embodiments of the application, wherein the principles and embodiments of the application are explained in detail using specific examples, the description of the embodiments being merely intended to facilitate an understanding of the application and its core concepts; meanwhile, as those skilled in the art will appreciate, modifications will be made in the specific embodiments and application scope in accordance with the idea of the present application, and the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A vehicle-mounted low-voltage battery charging circuit, the charging circuit comprising: the CP electricity taking circuit, the low-voltage electricity-deficient control circuit, the electricity-deficient detection circuit, the low-voltage battery, the power supply control circuit, the S2 switch and the charging pile, wherein,
the first input end of the low-voltage power-deficient control circuit is connected with the output end of the CP power-taking circuit, the second input end of the low-voltage power-deficient control circuit is connected with the output end of the power-deficient detection circuit, the output end of the low-voltage power-deficient control circuit is connected with the control end of the S2 switch, the input end of the CP power-taking circuit is respectively connected with the charging pile and the input end of the S2 switch, the input end of the power-deficient detection circuit is connected with the output end of the low-voltage battery, the input end of the low-voltage battery is connected with the output end of the power control circuit, the output end of the S2 switch is connected with the first input end of the power control circuit, and the second input end of the power control circuit is connected with the charging pile;
the low-voltage power consumption control circuit outputs a control instruction for controlling the on/off of the S2 switch;
the charging pile provides 220V alternating current.
2. The vehicle-mounted battery charging circuit of claim 1, wherein the CP extraction circuit comprises a first diode, a first resistor, a second resistor, and a first capacitor, wherein:
one end of the first resistor is connected with an input end port of the CP power taking circuit, the other end of the first resistor is connected with an anode end of the first diode, a cathode of the first diode is connected with one end of the second resistor, the other end of the second resistor is connected with one end of the first capacitor and an output end of the CP power taking circuit respectively, and the other end of the first capacitor is grounded.
3. The vehicle-mounted battery charging circuit of claim 2, wherein the low-power detection circuit comprises a second diode, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, and a fifth resistor, wherein:
the anode of the second diode is connected with the input end port of the power shortage detection circuit, the cathode of the second diode is connected with one end of the third resistor, the other end of the third resistor is connected with one end of the fourth resistor, the other end of the fourth resistor, one end of the fifth resistor and the output end port of the power shortage detection circuit are connected, and the other end of the fifth resistor is grounded.
4. The vehicle-mounted battery charging circuit of claim 1, wherein the low voltage power loss control circuit comprises: a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, a third diode, a second capacitor, a third capacitor and an operational amplifier, wherein,
the positive pole of the third diode is connected with the AVCC end of the operational amplifier, one end of the ninth resistor and the first input end port of the low-voltage power-losing control circuit respectively, the negative pole of the third diode is connected with one end of the eighth resistor, the other end of the ninth resistor is connected with the positive phase input end of the operational amplifier, one end of the tenth resistor and one end of the third capacitor respectively, the other end of the eighth resistor is connected with the reverse phase input end of the operational amplifier and the second input end port of the low-voltage power-losing control circuit respectively, the other end of the tenth resistor is grounded, the other end of the third capacitor is grounded, the output end of the operational amplifier is connected with one end of the seventh resistor, the other end of the seventh resistor is connected with one end of the sixth resistor, the other end of the sixth resistor is connected with one end of the second capacitor and the output end port of the low-voltage power-losing control circuit respectively, the other end of the second resistor is grounded, and the negative power supply of the operational amplifier is grounded.
5. The vehicle-mounted battery charging circuit of claim 3, wherein the low voltage power loss control circuit comprises: the single chip microcomputer, a sixth resistor, a third diode, a fourth diode, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a first power supply circuit and a second power supply circuit, wherein,
one end of the first power supply circuit is respectively connected with the anode of the third diode, one end of the third capacitor and the other end of the first capacitor, the other end of the first power supply circuit is connected with a first input end port of the low-voltage power shortage control circuit, the other end of the third capacitor is respectively connected with the VCC interface of the single chip microcomputer, the cathode of the third diode and the cathode of the fourth diode, one end of the second power supply circuit is connected with the anode of the fourth diode, the other end of the second power supply circuit is connected with one end of the fourth resistor, the input interface of the single chip microcomputer is connected with a second input end port of the low-voltage power shortage control circuit, the output end interface of the single chip microcomputer is connected with one end of the sixth resistor, the other end of the sixth resistor is respectively connected with one end of the second capacitor and the output end port of the low-voltage power shortage control circuit, the other end of the second capacitor is grounded, and the GND end of the single chip microcomputer is grounded.
6. The vehicle-mounted battery charging circuit of claim 5, wherein the first power supply circuit and the second power supply circuit comprise 3.3V to 5V power supply circuits.
7. The vehicle-mounted battery charging circuit according to claim 1, wherein the low-voltage power-shortage control circuit outputs a control command for controlling the on or off of the S2 switch specifically comprises:
the low-voltage power-failure control circuit samples the output voltage of the low-voltage battery in real time through the power-failure detection circuit, if the output voltage of the low-voltage battery is lower than the reference voltage, the low-voltage power-failure control circuit outputs a high level or a low level to the S2 switch according to the input voltage of the first input end and the input voltage of the second input end, and the S2 switch is closed or opened according to the received level.
8. The vehicle-mounted battery charging circuit of claim 1, wherein the power control circuit comprises an OBC and a DC/DC converter, wherein the OBC comprises an inrush current limiter, a resonant rectifier, and a power factor correction.
9. The vehicle-mounted battery charging circuit of claim 8, wherein the connection of the OBC and DC/DC converter comprises integrated and free-standing.
10. An electric vehicle, characterized by comprising the vehicle-mounted battery charging circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
CN202080006693.9A 2020-08-10 2020-08-10 Vehicle-mounted low-voltage battery charging circuit and electric automobile Active CN113165524B (en)

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