CN113163275B - Calorimeter data acquisition unit and acquisition method thereof - Google Patents

Calorimeter data acquisition unit and acquisition method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113163275B
CN113163275B CN202110325431.5A CN202110325431A CN113163275B CN 113163275 B CN113163275 B CN 113163275B CN 202110325431 A CN202110325431 A CN 202110325431A CN 113163275 B CN113163275 B CN 113163275B
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resistor
acquisition
diode
mbus
server
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CN113163275A (en
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王新杰
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Shandong Yitni New Energy Technology Co ltd
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Shandong Yitni New Energy Technology Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q9/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/02—Details
    • H02H3/06—Details with automatic reconnection
    • H02H3/066—Reconnection being a consequence of eliminating the fault which caused disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/40—Bus networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/40—Bus networks
    • H04L2012/40208—Bus networks characterized by the use of a particular bus standard
    • H04L2012/40228—Modbus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q2209/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems
    • H04Q2209/60—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for transmitting utility meters data, i.e. transmission of data from the reader of the utility meter
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of collectors, in particular to a heat meter data collector and a collection method thereof. The calorimeter data collector comprises a controller MCU, wherein the controller MCU is connected with an Mbus collection module and a 485 collection module, and a jumper cap is arranged between the Mbus collection module and the 485 collection module; the Mbus acquisition module comprises an Mbus sending circuit, an Mbus receiving circuit, an Mbus acquisition circuit and an overload protection circuit; the controller MCU comprises a storage unit, a timing unit and a communication unit which are connected with the control unit, the control unit is mainly used for processing information and receiving and sending related control instructions, the storage unit is mainly used for storing related data information, the timing unit is mainly used for timing time, the communication unit is mainly used for communicating information, and the control unit is connected with an upper computer and a server through the communication unit in a communication mode; the control unit comprises a parameter adjusting module and provides the heat meter data acquisition device for ensuring the acquisition efficiency and the acquisition safety and stability.

Description

Calorimeter data acquisition unit and acquisition method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of collectors, in particular to a heat meter data collector and a collecting method thereof.
Background
MBUS is a main communication mode between a collector and an instrument in a centralized meter reading system, an MBUS communication circuit of the existing collector generally adopts a sampling resistor of dozens of ohms to sample and identify a modulated current signal returned by an MBUS slave station, and the larger the sampling resistor is, the better the identification effect on the returned signal is. However, when there are many slave stations and the load current is large, the sampling resistor affects the modulation voltage signal transmitted by the MBUS, resulting in voltage reduction and voltage difference fluctuation. And the situation that MBUS acquisition is incompatible with 485 acquisition exists, and different requirements are difficult to meet. Meanwhile, the existing collector does not have the function of off-line collection and the overload protection function, so that the collection efficiency and the safety and stability of collection are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the defects in the prior art are overcome, and the heat meter data acquisition device capable of ensuring the acquisition efficiency and the acquisition safety and stability is provided.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: the calorimeter data collector comprises a controller MCU, wherein the controller MCU is connected with an Mbus collection module and a 485 collection module, and a jumper cap is arranged between the Mbus collection module and the 485 collection module;
the Mbus acquisition module comprises an Mbus sending circuit, an Mbus receiving circuit, an Mbus acquisition circuit and an overload protection circuit;
the controller MCU comprises a storage unit, a timing unit and a communication unit which are connected with the control unit, the control unit is mainly used for processing information and receiving and sending related control instructions, the storage unit is mainly used for storing related data information, the timing unit is mainly used for timing time, the timing unit adopts a DS1302 real-time clock, the communication unit is mainly used for information communication, and the control unit is connected with an upper computer and a server through the communication unit in a communication mode;
the control unit comprises a parameter adjusting module.
This application sets up, and compatible 485 gathers and Mbus gathers to satisfy the collection demand of difference, increase overload protection function, improve the safety and stability nature that equipment gathered sets up solitary memory cell, is convenient for gather data and save under the off-line condition, guarantees collection efficiency.
The Mbus sending circuit comprises a resistor R22 connected with a controller MCU, the resistor R22 is connected with a resistor R23, the resistor R22 and the resistor R23 are connected with a base level of a triode Q2, a collector of the triode Q2 is connected with a resistor R21, the resistor R21 is connected with a base level of a triode Q1, a collector and an emitter of the triode Q1 are both connected with a 36V voltage bus, the collector of the triode Q1 is connected with a fast recovery diode D3, and the fast recovery diode D3 is connected with a 24V voltage bus;
the fast recovery diode D3 is connected with MBUS + through self-recovery fuse F1, and the fast recovery diode D3 is connected with resistance R24, resistance R24 is connected with triode Q3's base level, triode Q3 projecting pole is connected with self-recovery fuse F1, triode Q3 collecting electrode connecting resistance R28, and MBUS-is connected to resistance R28. The TX pin of the controller MCU is connected with a resistor R22 and a 24V voltage bus in an initial state, when a data signal to be sent is received, the triode Q2 is opened after passing through the resistor R22 and the resistor R23, and a low level is applied to the base level of the triode Q1, so that the triode Q1 is conducted, the 36V voltage bus is switched on, and the voltage is restored to 24V after the signal is ended. The pulse signal is formed according to the change of the signal, the data are transmitted out through the pulse signal, and the self-recovery fuse F1 can play a role in protecting when the load is short-circuited, so that the device is prevented from being damaged.
The Mbus receiving circuit comprises a sampling resistor R31 and a resistor R34 which are connected with MBUS-, the resistor R34 is connected with MBUS + through a bidirectional diode Z4, the bidirectional diode Z4 is connected with a resistor R25, the sampling resistor R31 is connected with a resistor R32 and a resistor R38, the resistor R25 and the resistor R38 are both grounded, and a signal with the voltage of about 0.15V can be obtained;
the device also comprises an arithmetic unit U8 and a trigger U7, wherein a 2 pin of the arithmetic unit U8 is connected with a resistor R32, a 3 pin of the arithmetic unit U8 is connected with a resistor R34, the resistor R34 is connected with a resistor R35, a 1 pin and a 2 pin of the arithmetic unit U8 are connected with a resistor R37, the resistor R37 is connected with the anode of a diode D4, an amplified signal with the voltage of about 10V can be obtained, the cathode of the diode D4 is connected with a resistor R40, the resistor R40 is connected with a 10 pin of the arithmetic unit U8 and a resistor R30, a 1 pin of the arithmetic unit U8 is connected with a 5 pin of the arithmetic unit U8 through a resistor R33, a pin of the arithmetic unit U85 is connected with a filter capacitor C81, pins 6 and 7 of the arithmetic unit U8 are connected with a 9 pin through a resistor R41, a 9 pin of the arithmetic unit U8 is connected with a pin 8 through a resistor R45, a resistor R45 is connected with a resistor R44, a resistor R44 is connected with a resistor R36, a resistor R35, a resistor R30 and a resistor R36 are all grounded, and received data are subjected to data arithmetic unit U8 to carry out data arithmetic operation conversion and the like;
one end, far away from the resistor R45, of the resistor R44 is connected with an 8 pin of the trigger U7 and an anode of the diode D5 as an output end, a 3.3V voltage is connected to a cathode of the diode D5, the voltage of the 8 pin of the trigger U7 is 3.3V at most at the moment, received data are processed through the arithmetic unit U8 and then subjected to inverse filtering through the trigger U7, a 3 pin 13 of the trigger U7 is connected with the 3.3V voltage through the resistor R68, the 3 pin of the trigger U7 is connected with the controller MCU, and processed data received through the MBUS bus are output through the 3 pin of the trigger U7 and sent to the controller MCU.
The Mbus acquisition circuit comprises a resistor R56 and a resistor 62 which are respectively connected with the controller MCU, wherein a pin RO1 of the controller MCU is connected with the resistor R56, and a pin RO2 of the controller MCU is connected with the resistor R62;
the resistor R56 is connected with a resistor R53 and a capacitor C22, the resistor R53 is connected with 3.3V voltage, the resistor R53 and the capacitor C22 are connected with a photoelectric coupler U10, the photoelectric coupler U10 is connected with a resistor R52, a resistor R54, a resistor R55 and a diode D6, the resistor R52 is connected with the anode of the light emitting diode LED6, the cathode of the light emitting diode LED6 is connected with the anode of the diode D6 and a coil of a relay JK1, the cathode of the diode D6 is connected with the resistor R52 and the coil of the relay JK1, the relay JK1 is connected with MBUS +, one normally open contact of the relay JK1 is connected with one end of MBUS + output, the resistor R54 and the resistor R55 are connected with a capacitor C23 and a resistor R57, the capacitor C23 and the resistor R57 are connected with the base and the emitter of the triode Q7, the collector of the triode Q7 is connected with the coil of the relay JK1, the cathode of the light emitting diode LED6 and the anode of the diode D6, and the emitter of the triode Q7 is grounded;
the resistor R62 is connected with a resistor R59 and a capacitor C24, the resistor R59 is connected with 3.3V voltage, the resistor R59 and the capacitor C24 are connected with a photoelectric coupler U10, the photoelectric coupler U10 is connected with a resistor R58, a resistor R61, a resistor R60 and a diode D7, the resistor R58 is connected with the anode of the light emitting diode LED7, the cathode of the light emitting diode LED7 is connected with the anode of the diode D7 and a coil of a relay JK2, the cathode of the diode D7 is connected with the coil of the resistor R58 and a coil of the relay JK2, the relay JK2 is connected with MBUS-, a normally open contact of the relay JK2 is connected with one end of MBUS-output, the resistor R60 and the resistor R61 are connected with the capacitor C25 and the resistor R63, the capacitor C25 and the resistor R63 are connected with the base and an emitter of the triode Q8, the collector of the triode Q8 is connected with the coil of the relay JK2, the cathode of the diode LED7 and the anode of the diode D7, and the emitter of the triode Q8 is grounded. Aiming at the collection of mbus, a plurality of relays are used for controlling the on-off of each path and are matched with photoelectric couplers for isolation, the anti-interference capability is enhanced, and the problem that the original load can be carried by only 300 paths is solved.
Overload protection circuit is including connection controller MCU's voltage comparator U9, 5 pin connecting resistance R49 and resistance R50 of voltage comparator U9, resistance 50 ground connection, MBUS +, voltage comparator U9's 6 pin connecting resistance R47 and resistance R48, resistance R47 ground connection, resistance R48 connect 5V voltage, voltage comparator U9's 7 pins are connected with emitting diode LED4 negative poles, emitting diode LED4 anodal connecting resistance R46, and 5V voltage is connected to resistance R46. Since the MBUS level is a current signal, there is a case where the output signal is short-circuited. On one hand, the LM393 voltage comparator is used to match with the MCU400K sampling rate ADC to judge whether the mbus circuit is overloaded, and short-circuit protection is realized within 10 ms. On the other hand, a self-recovery fuse F1 is added to the Mbus transmission circuit, and when detecting that the Mbus current exceeds 1A, the output protection is turned off. Specifically, when the MBUS circuit is connected for collection, the collector is connected with a load, if the output voltage is lower than 7.8V, the voltage comparator U9 outputs a short-circuit signal, the controller MCU immediately closes the output voltage triodes Q7 and Q8 after detecting the short-circuit signal through the ADC, and the relays JK1 and JK2 are disconnected. And after 5 seconds, trying to open the output, if the output is still short-circuited, disconnecting the relays JK1 and JK2, and closing the output, otherwise, recovering the normal state and continuing to collect. If the short circuit state still exists after the 3 times of attempts, the acquisition is ended, the relays JK1 and JK2 are disconnected, the output is disconnected, and the controller MCU records the overload or short circuit condition of the acquisition.
485 collection module is including connection control ware MCU's 485 transceiver module M1, 485 transceiver module M1's 8 pin connecting resistance R51 and resistance R69,9 pin connecting resistance R8 and resistance R51, resistance R8 and resistance R69 ground connection, diode D8 and diode D9 are connected to resistance R58 and resistance R51, diode D9 and diode D10 are connected to resistance R51 and resistance R69, diode D8, diode D9 and diode D10 connect transformer L3, diode D10 connects electric capacity C2 and resistance R67, discharge tube G1 is connected to transformer L3, discharge tube G1 connects 485 transceiver module M1. On the 485 level acquisition, SMBJ12CA TVS diodes D8, D9 and D10,3RM090L discharge tube G1 are added, and the capabilities of lightning protection and surge resistance are enhanced.
The parameter adjusting module is mainly used for reading and modifying the server IP and port connected with the collector, the collector time, the default collection time, the heartbeat package time, the RTC time and the registered equipment, and can also be used for modifying and setting the maximum negative number of the collector according to the requirement so as to distinguish different markets, and the operation such as restarting and initializing the collector can be performed through the parameter adjusting module.
A method for collecting heat meter data collectors, wherein the heat meter data collectors comprise on-line mode batch collection and off-line mode collection, and the method comprises the following steps:
equipment information entry: sending an instruction to a controller MCU through an upper computer, receiving the instruction sent by the upper computer by the controller MCU, adding parameters such as baud rate, check type, communication protocol and the like of new communication so as to support new equipment at any time, and registering ID and model identification code information of the equipment to Flash of the controller MCU through the upper computer;
batch acquisition in an online mode: traversing all the devices to be acquired in the Flash, controlling the corresponding relays to be closed, sending acquisition instructions one by one, sending the reply data to the server after receiving the reply data of the registered devices, and if the relays are not disconnected, continuing to send the next data. After the batch acquisition is finished, the controller MCU sends a batch operation completion mark to the server for identifying the completion of batch acquisition, and the acquisition device enters an idle state;
in the process that the collector sends the complex data back to the server, the server replies the heartbeat packet condition to the collector after receiving the complex data, if the collector cannot receive the heartbeat packet condition replied by the server for many times or the collector cannot be connected with the server, the collector enters an offline mode, and the offline mode comprises the following steps: restarting the searching network every 10 minutes, wherein the collector has a DS1302 real-time clock, and if the current time is consistent with the preset offline meter reading time, the collector collects all the devices according to the registered device IDs in Flash, and records the date and time, whether error information exists and the collected data in Flash; and after the acquisition is finished, continuously trying to connect the server again every 10 minutes, if the server is connected, sending the number of the offline data in the acquisition unit to the server, if an offline data command which is sent by the server and is ready to accept is received, sequentially sending acquired offline data information to the server, and after all the offline data information is sent, sending a batch operation completion mark to the server for recognizing that the batch acquisition is finished, and then entering an idle state.
The method further comprises LOG recording and parameter adjustment: 1024 sectors for recording information are divided in Flash, the information is stored in a storage unit in a form of recording codes and time stamps, the storage unit is a nonvolatile memory, the information can be convenient for field debugging personnel to quickly position the collector, and the information is checked, stored or deleted in cooperation with a parameter adjusting module. Meanwhile, for the convenience of debugging of field debugging personnel, the server IP and the port connected with the collector, the collector time, the default collection time, the heartbeat packet time, the RTC time and the registered equipment can be read and modified through the parameter adjusting module, the maximum negative number of the collector can be set according to the requirement so as to distinguish different markets, and the operation of restarting, initializing and the like can be carried out on the collector through the parameter adjusting module.
The information of the sector record in LOG record includes but is not limited to: the method comprises the following steps of on-line acquisition of a collector, network registration failure, server connection failure, acquisition equipment failure, MUBS overload, failure to receive a server heartbeat packet for multiple times, entering off-line mode acquisition, SIM card error and server connection closing.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a heat meter data collector and a collection method thereof, mbus collection and 485 collection are compatibly integrated under one collector, more collection requirements are met, the use cost is reduced, the overload protection function is added, the safety and stability of equipment collection are improved, an independent storage unit is arranged, data collection and storage under an off-line state are facilitated, and the collection efficiency is ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a controller MCU of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of an inventive Mbus transmission circuit.
Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of an Mbus receiving circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of the Mbus acquisition circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of an overload protection circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a 485 acquisition module of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a block diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
examples
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the system comprises a controller MCU, wherein the controller MCU is connected with an Mbus acquisition module and a 485 acquisition module, and a jumper cap is arranged between the Mbus acquisition module and the 485 acquisition module;
the Mbus acquisition module comprises an Mbus sending circuit, an Mbus receiving circuit, an Mbus acquisition circuit and an overload protection circuit;
the controller MCU comprises a storage unit, a timing unit and a communication unit which are connected with the control unit, the control unit is mainly used for processing information and receiving and sending related control instructions, the storage unit is mainly used for storing related data information, the timing unit is mainly used for timing time, the timing unit adopts a DS1302 real-time clock, the communication unit is mainly used for information communication, and the control unit is connected with an upper computer and a server through the communication unit in a communication mode;
the control unit comprises a parameter adjusting module.
For the mbus level:
Figure GDA0003941584560000051
for TTL levels:
and (3) sending: logic '1' is greater than 2.4V; logic '0', less than 0.8V.
Receiving: logic '0' is greater than 2.0V; logic '0', less than 1.2V
The logic levels of the two levels are not identical at all and therefore level shifting is required. The implementation method of the hardware circuit for mutual conversion between the Mbus level and the TTL level is realized by an Mbus sending circuit and an Mbus receiving circuit.
Referring to fig. 2, the mbus transmission circuit includes a resistor R22 connected to the controller MCU, the resistor R22 is connected to a resistor R23, the resistor R22 and the resistor R23 are connected to the base of the transistor Q2, the collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the resistor R21, the resistor R21 is connected to the base of the transistor Q1, the collector and the emitter of the transistor Q1 are both connected to a 36V voltage bus, the collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to the fast recovery diode D3, and the fast recovery diode D3 is connected to a 24V voltage bus;
fast recovery diode D3 is connected MBUS + through self-resuming fuse F1, fast recovery diode D3 is connected with resistance R24, resistance R24 is connected with triode Q3's base level, triode Q3 emitter is connected with self-resuming fuse F1, triode Q3 collecting electrode connecting resistance R28, resistance R28 connects MBUS-. The TX pin of the controller MCU is connected with a resistor R22 and a 24V voltage bus in an initial state, when a data signal to be sent is received, the triode Q2 is opened after passing through the resistor R22 and the resistor R23, and a low level is applied to the base level of the triode Q1, so that the triode Q1 is conducted, the 36V voltage bus is switched on, and the voltage is restored to 24V after the signal is ended. The pulse signal is formed according to the change of the signal, the data are transmitted out through the pulse signal, and the self-recovery fuse F1 can play a role in protecting when the load is short-circuited, so that the device is prevented from being damaged.
Referring to fig. 3, the MBUS receiving circuit includes a sampling resistor R31 and a resistor R34 connected to MBUS-, the resistor R34 is connected to MBUS + through a bidirectional diode Z4, the bidirectional diode Z4 is connected to a resistor R25, the sampling resistor R31 is connected to a resistor R32 and a resistor R38, the resistors R25 and R38 are grounded, and a signal with a voltage of about 0.15V can be obtained;
the device also comprises an arithmetic unit U8 and a trigger U7, wherein a 2 pin of the arithmetic unit U8 is connected with a resistor R32, a 3 pin of the arithmetic unit U8 is connected with a resistor R34, the resistor R34 is connected with a resistor R35, a 1 pin and a 2 pin of the arithmetic unit U8 are connected with a resistor R37, the resistor R37 is connected with the anode of a diode D4, an amplified signal with the voltage of about 10V can be obtained, the cathode of the diode D4 is connected with a resistor R40, the resistor R40 is connected with a 10 pin of the arithmetic unit U8 and a resistor R30, the 1 pin of the arithmetic unit U8 is connected with a 5 pin of the arithmetic unit U8 through a resistor R33, a pin of an arithmetic unit U85 is connected with a filter capacitor C81, pins 6 and 7 of the arithmetic unit U8 are connected with a 9 pin through a resistor R41, a 9 pin of the arithmetic unit U8 is connected with a pin 8 through a resistor R45, the resistor R45 is connected with a resistor R44, the resistor R44 is connected with a resistor R36, the resistor R35, the resistor R30 and the resistor R36 are all grounded, and received data are subjected to data conversion and the like through the arithmetic unit U8;
one end of a resistor R44, far away from a resistor R45, is used as an output end and is connected with an 8 pin of a trigger U7 and an anode of a diode D5, a cathode of the diode D5 is connected with 3.3V voltage, the voltage of the 8 pin of the trigger U7 is 3.3V at most, received data are processed through an arithmetic unit U8 and are subjected to inverse filtering through the trigger U7, a 13 pin of the trigger U7 is connected with the 3.3V voltage through a resistor R68, the 3 pin of the trigger U7 is connected with a controller MCU, and processed data received by an MBUS bus are output through the 3 pin of the trigger U7 and are sent to the controller MCU.
Referring to fig. 1 and 4, the mbus acquisition circuit includes a resistor R56 and a resistor 62 respectively connected to the controller MCU, the pin RO1 of the controller MCU is connected to the resistor R56, and the pin RO2 is connected to the resistor R62;
the resistor R56 is connected with a resistor R53 and a capacitor C22, the resistor R53 is connected with 3.3V voltage, the resistor R53 and the capacitor C22 are connected with a photoelectric coupler U10, the photoelectric coupler U10 is connected with a resistor R52, a resistor R54, a resistor R55 and a diode D6, the resistor R52 is connected with the anode of the light-emitting diode LED6, the cathode of the light-emitting diode LED6 is connected with the anode of the diode D6 and a coil of a relay JK1, the cathode of the diode D6 is connected with the resistor R52 and a coil of the relay JK1, the relay JK1 is connected with MBUS +, one normally open contact of the relay JK1 is connected with one end of MBUS + output, the resistor R54 and the resistor R55 are connected with the capacitor C23 and the resistor R57, the capacitor C23 and the resistor R57 are connected with the base and the emitter of the triode Q7, the collector of the triode Q7 is connected with the coil of the relay JK1, the cathode of the light-emitting diode LED6 and the anode of the diode D6, and the emitter of the triode Q7 is grounded;
the resistor R62 is connected with the resistor R59 and the capacitor C24, the resistor R59 is connected with 3.3V voltage, the resistor R59 and the capacitor C24 are connected with the photoelectric coupler U10, the photoelectric coupler U10 is connected with the resistor R58, the resistor R61, the resistor R60 and the diode D7, the resistor R58 is connected with the anode of the light emitting diode LED7, the cathode of the light emitting diode LED7 is connected with the anode of the diode D7 and a coil of the relay JK2, the cathode of the diode D7 is connected with the resistor R58 and a coil of the relay JK2, the relay JK2 is connected with the MBUS-, one normally open contact of the relay JK2 is connected with one end of an MBUS-output, the resistor R60 and the resistor R61 are connected with the capacitor C25 and the resistor R63, the capacitor C25 and the resistor R63 are connected with the base and the emitter of the triode Q8, the collector of the triode Q8 is connected with the coil of the relay JK2, the cathode of the light emitting diode LED7 and the anode of the diode D7, and the emitter of the triode Q8 is grounded. Aiming at the collection of mbus, a plurality of relays are used for controlling the on-off of each path and are matched with photoelectric couplers for isolation, the anti-interference capability is enhanced, and the problem that the original load can be carried by only 300 paths is solved.
Referring to fig. 5, the overload protection circuit includes a voltage comparator U9 connected to the controller MCU, a 5-pin connection resistor R49 and a resistor R50 of the voltage comparator U9, the resistor 50 is grounded, the resistor R49 is connected to the MBUS +, a 6-pin connection resistor R47 and a resistor R48 of the voltage comparator U9, the resistor R47 is grounded, the resistor R48 is connected to the 5V voltage, a 7-pin connection of the voltage comparator U9 is connected to the cathode of the light emitting diode LED4, the anode of the light emitting diode LED4 is connected to the resistor R46, and the resistor R46 is connected to the 5V voltage. Since the MBUS level is a current signal, there is a case where the output signal is short-circuited. On one hand, the LM393 voltage comparator is used to match with the MCU400K sampling rate ADC to judge whether the mbus circuit is overloaded, and short-circuit protection is realized within 10 ms. On the other hand, a self-recovery fuse F1 is added to the Mbus transmission circuit, and when it is detected that the MBUS current exceeds 1A, the output protection is turned off. Specifically, when the MBUS circuit is connected for collection, the collector is connected with a load, if the output voltage is lower than 7.8V, the voltage comparator U9 outputs a short-circuit signal, the controller MCU immediately closes the output voltage triodes Q7 and Q8 after detecting the short-circuit signal through the ADC, and the relays JK1 and JK2 are disconnected. And after 5 seconds, trying to open the output, if the output is still short-circuited, disconnecting the relays JK1 and JK2, and closing the output, otherwise, recovering the normal state and continuing to collect. If the short circuit state still exists after the 3 times of attempts, the acquisition is finished, the relays JK1 and JK2 are disconnected, the output is disconnected, the controller MCU records that the acquisition meets the overload or short circuit condition, and if the acquisition is in an online mode, the alarm information is uploaded to a server.
Referring to fig. 6, the 485 acquisition module includes a 485 transceiver module M1 connected to the controller MCU, pin 8 of the 485 transceiver module M1 is connected to resistors R51 and R69, pin 9 is connected to resistors R8 and R51, resistors R8 and R69 are grounded, resistors R58 and R51 are connected to diodes D8 and D9, resistors R51 and R69 are connected to diodes D9 and D10, diodes D8, D9 and D10 are connected to the transformer L3, diode D10 is connected to capacitors C2 and R67, the transformer L3 is connected to the discharge tube G1, and the discharge tube G1 is connected to the 485 transceiver module M1. On 485 level acquisition, SMBJ12CA TVS diodes D8, D9 and D10,3RM090L discharge tube G1 are added, and lightning protection and surge resistance are enhanced. And switching between the 485 acquisition module and the Mbus acquisition module is performed through a jumper wire cap, and when the 485 acquisition module is switched, acquisition of a 485 level modbus protocol is realized.
The parameter adjusting module is mainly used for reading and modifying the server IP and the port connected with the collector, the collector time, the default collection time, the heartbeat packet time, the RTC time and the registered equipment, and can also be used for carrying out the modification setting of the maximum negative number of the collector according to the requirement so as to distinguish different markets, and the operation such as restarting and initializing can be carried out on the collector through the parameter adjusting module.
The callout module in this application is written in python language, pyqt5 framework. All input boxes limit the input content by using a regular expression, and when the input content is detected to be incorrect, such as the input IPV4 address exceeds 255, a pop-up dialog box prompts the user to input the wrong re-input. And the address information stored in the collector Flash can be decoded and displayed in the dialogue box of the parameter adjusting module. When a user modifies, deletes and adds addresses, the parameter adjusting module firstly divides input data into strips, then judges whether the input data is correct or not through the regular expression, if the input data is correct, then judges that a plurality of addresses need to be added, a plurality of addresses need to be modified and a plurality of addresses need to be deleted, and finally recodes the input addresses and sends the recoded addresses to the storage unit for adding, modifying or deleting.
Transfer the log information that the parameter module can also read and save to TXT originally, make things convenient for later analysis.
Example 2
Based on the acquisition method of the heat meter data acquisition unit in the embodiment 1, the heat meter data acquisition unit comprises the steps of on-line mode batch acquisition and off-line mode acquisition, and the method comprises the following steps:
equipment information entry: sending an instruction to a controller MCU through an upper computer, receiving the instruction sent by the upper computer by the controller MCU, adding parameters such as baud rate, check type, communication protocol and the like of new communication so as to support new equipment at any time, and registering ID and model identification code information of the equipment to Flash of the controller MCU through the upper computer;
batch acquisition in an online mode: traversing all the devices to be acquired in the Flash, controlling the corresponding relays to be closed, sending acquisition instructions one by one, sending the reply data to the server after receiving the reply data of the registered devices, and if the relays are not disconnected, continuing to send the next data. After the batch acquisition is finished, the controller MCU sends a batch operation completion mark to the server for identifying that the batch acquisition is finished and the collector enters an idle state;
in the process that the collector sends the complex data back to the server, the server replies the heartbeat packet condition to the collector after receiving the complex data, if the collector cannot receive the heartbeat packet condition replied by the server for many times or the collector cannot be connected with the server, the collector enters an offline mode, and the offline mode comprises the following steps: the search for a network is restarted every 10 minutes,
the collector has a DS1302 real-time clock, and if the current time is consistent with the preset offline meter reading time, the collector collects all the devices according to the registered device IDs in Flash, and records the date and time, whether error information exists and the collected data in Flash;
after the acquisition is finished, continuously trying to connect the server again every 10 minutes, if the server is connected, sending the number of the offline data in the collector to the server, if an offline data command which is sent by the server and is ready to be accepted is received, sequentially sending the acquired offline data information to the server, and after all the offline data information is sent, sending a batch operation completion mark to the server for recognizing the completion of batch acquisition and then entering an idle state;
the method is characterized by further comprising LOG recording and parameter adjustment, wherein the LOG recording and parameter adjustment comprises dividing 1024 sectors used for recording information in Flash, storing the information in a storage unit in a form of recording codes and adding timestamps, the storage unit is a nonvolatile memory, the information can be convenient for field debugging personnel to quickly position the collector, and the information is checked, stored or deleted by matching with a parameter adjusting module. Meanwhile, for the convenience of debugging of field debugging personnel, the server IP and port connected with the collector, the collector time, the default collection time, the heartbeat package time, the RTC time and the registered equipment can be read and modified through the parameter adjusting module, the maximum negative number of circuits of the collector can be modified and set according to requirements so as to distinguish different markets, and the collector can be restarted, initialized and the like through the parameter adjusting module.
The information of the sector record in LOG record includes but is not limited to: the method comprises the following steps of on-line acquisition of a collector, network registration failure, server connection failure, acquisition equipment failure, MUBS overload, failure to receive a server heartbeat packet for multiple times, entering off-line mode acquisition, SIM card error and server connection closing.
In 60S of electrification, the relays JK1 and JK2 are attracted, and a single-board tool test can be carried out, so that a circuit part can test power supply qualities of 24V voltage, 5V voltage, 3.3V and the like, and meanwhile, the collector ID, date time, default collection time, heartbeat package time, short circuit test and the like can be written in.

Claims (8)

1. A heat meter data acquisition device is characterized by comprising a controller MCU, wherein the controller MCU is connected with an Mbus acquisition module and a 485 acquisition module, and a jumper wire cap is arranged between the Mbus acquisition module and the 485 acquisition module;
the Mbus acquisition module comprises an Mbus sending circuit, an Mbus receiving circuit, an Mbus acquisition circuit and an overload protection circuit;
the controller MCU comprises a storage unit, a timing unit and a communication unit which are connected with the control unit, the control unit is mainly used for processing information and receiving and sending related control instructions, the storage unit is mainly used for storing related data information, the timing unit is mainly used for timing time, the communication unit is mainly used for communicating information, and the control unit is connected with an upper computer and a server through the communication unit;
the control unit comprises a parameter adjusting module;
the heat meter data acquisition device comprises an online mode batch acquisition and an offline mode acquisition, and comprises the following steps:
batch acquisition in an online mode: traversing all devices to be acquired in the Flash, controlling corresponding relays to be attracted, sending acquisition instructions one by one, sending reply data to a server after receiving the reply data of registered devices, continuing to send next data if the relays are not disconnected, sending a batch operation completion mark to the server by a controller MCU after batch acquisition is completed, identifying that batch acquisition is completed, and enabling an acquisition device to enter an idle state;
the offline mode acquisition includes: restarting the searching network every 10 minutes, if the current time is consistent with the preset offline meter reading time, acquiring all the equipment by the acquisition device according to the registered equipment ID in Flash, and recording the date and time, whether error information exists and the acquired data in Flash; after the acquisition is finished, continuously trying to connect the server again every 10 minutes, if the server is connected, sending the number of offline data in the acquisition unit to the server, if an offline data receiving instruction sent by the server and ready to accept is received, sequentially sending acquired offline data information to the server, after all the offline data information is sent, sending a batch operation completion mark to the server, and then entering an idle state;
the Mbus acquisition circuit comprises a resistor R56 and a resistor 62 which are respectively connected with the controller MCU;
the resistor R56 is connected with a resistor R53 and a capacitor C22, the resistor R53 is connected with 3.3V voltage, the resistor R53 and the capacitor C22 are connected with a photoelectric coupler U10, the photoelectric coupler U10 is connected with a resistor R52, a resistor R54, a resistor R55 and a diode D6, the resistor R52 is connected with the anode of the light emitting diode LED6, the cathode of the light emitting diode LED6 is connected with the anode of the diode D6 and a coil of a relay JK1, the cathode of the diode D6 is connected with the resistor R52 and the coil of the relay JK1, the relay JK1 is connected with MBUS +, one normally open contact of the relay JK1 is connected with one end of MBUS + output, the resistor R54 and the resistor R55 are connected with a capacitor C23 and a resistor R57, the capacitor C23 and the resistor R57 are connected with the base and the emitter of the triode Q7, the collector of the triode Q7 is connected with the coil of the relay JK1, the cathode of the light emitting diode LED6 and the anode of the diode D6, and the emitter of the triode Q7 is grounded;
the resistor R62 is connected with a resistor R59 and a capacitor C24, the resistor R59 is connected with 3.3V voltage, the resistor R59 and the capacitor C24 are connected with a photoelectric coupler U10, the photoelectric coupler U10 is connected with a resistor R58, a resistor R61, a resistor R60 and a diode D7, the resistor R58 is connected with the anode of the light emitting diode LED7, the cathode of the light emitting diode LED7 is connected with the anode of the diode D7 and a coil of a relay JK2, the cathode of the diode D7 is connected with the coil of the resistor R58 and the coil of the relay JK2, the relay JK2 is connected with MBUS-, one normally open contact of the relay JK2 is connected with one end of MBUS-output, the resistor R60 and the resistor R61 are connected with a capacitor C25 and a resistor R63, the capacitor C25 and the resistor R63 are connected with the base and the emitter of the triode Q8, the collector of the triode Q8 is connected with the coil of the relay JK2, the cathode of the light emitting diode LED7 and the anode of the diode D7, and the emitter of the triode Q8 is grounded;
485 collection module is including connection control ware MCU's 485 transceiver module M1, 485 transceiver module M1's 8 pin connecting resistance R51 and resistance R69,9 pin connecting resistance R8 and resistance R51, resistance R8 and resistance R69 ground connection, diode D8 and diode D9 are connected to resistance R58 and resistance R51, diode D9 and diode D10 are connected to resistance R51 and resistance R69, diode D8, diode D9 and diode D10 connect transformer L3, diode D10 connects electric capacity C2 and resistance R67, discharge tube G1 is connected to transformer L3, discharge tube G1 connects 485 transceiver module M1.
2. The calorimeter data collector according to claim 1, wherein the Mbus transmission circuit comprises a resistor R22 connected with the controller MCU, the resistor R22 is connected with a resistor R23, the resistor R22 and the resistor R23 are connected with the base of a triode Q2, the collector of the triode Q2 is connected with a resistor R21, the resistor R21 is connected with the base of a triode Q1, the collector and the emitter of the triode Q1 are both connected with a 36V voltage bus, the collector of the triode Q1 is connected with a fast recovery diode D3, and the fast recovery diode D3 is connected with a 24V voltage bus;
the fast recovery diode D3 is connected with MBUS + through self-recovery fuse F1, and the fast recovery diode D3 is connected with resistance R24, resistance R24 is connected with triode Q3's base level, triode Q3 projecting pole is connected with self-recovery fuse F1, triode Q3 collecting electrode connecting resistance R28, and MBUS-is connected to resistance R28.
3. The heat meter data collector of claim 1, wherein the Mbus receiving circuit comprises a sampling resistor R31 and a resistor R34 connected to Mbus-, the resistor R34 is connected to Mbus + via a bidirectional diode Z4, the bidirectional diode Z4 is connected to a resistor R25, the sampling resistor R31 is connected to a resistor R32 and a resistor R38, and the resistor R25 and the resistor R38 are both grounded;
the device comprises an arithmetic unit U8 and a trigger U7, wherein a 2 pin of the arithmetic unit U8 is connected with a resistor R32, a 3 pin of the arithmetic unit U8 is connected with a resistor R34, the resistor R34 is connected with a resistor R35, a 1 pin and a 2 pin of the arithmetic unit U8 are connected with a resistor R37, the resistor R37 is connected with the anode of a diode D4, the cathode of the diode D4 is connected with a resistor R40, the resistor R40 is connected with a 10 pin of the arithmetic unit U8 and a resistor R30, a 1 pin of the arithmetic unit U8 is connected with a 5 pin of the arithmetic unit U8 through a resistor R33, a pin of an arithmetic unit U85 is connected with a filter capacitor C81, pins 6 and 7 of the arithmetic unit U8 are connected and then connected with a 9 pin through a resistor R41, a 9 pin of the arithmetic unit U8 is connected with a pin 8 through a resistor R45, the resistor R45 is connected with a resistor R44, the resistor R44 is connected with a resistor R36, and the resistors R35, R30 and R36 are all grounded;
one end, far away from the resistor R45, of the resistor R44 is connected with a pin 8 of the trigger U7 and the anode of the diode D5, the cathode of the diode D5 is connected with 3.3V voltage, a pin 13 of the trigger U7 is connected with 3.3V voltage through a resistor R68, and the pin 3 of the trigger U7 is connected with the MCU.
4. The heat meter data collector according to claim 1, wherein the overload protection circuit comprises a voltage comparator U9 connected with the controller MCU, 5 pins of the voltage comparator U9 are connected with a resistor R49 and a resistor R50, the resistor 50 is grounded, the resistor R49 is connected with MBUS +, 6 pins of the voltage comparator U9 are connected with a resistor R47 and a resistor R48, the resistor R47 is grounded, the resistor R48 is connected with 5V voltage, 7 pins of the voltage comparator U9 are connected with the cathode of the light emitting diode LED4, the anode of the light emitting diode LED4 is connected with a resistor R46, and the resistor R46 is connected with 5V voltage.
5. The heat meter data acquisition unit according to claim 1, wherein the parameter adjusting module is mainly used for reading and modifying the server IP and port, the acquisition time, the default acquisition time, the heartbeat packet time, the RTC time and the registered equipment which are connected with the acquisition unit, performing modification setting on the maximum negative number of paths of the acquisition unit, and performing restarting and initialization operations on the acquisition unit.
6. An acquisition method applied to the heat meter data acquisition unit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the heat meter data acquisition unit comprises an online mode batch acquisition and an offline mode acquisition, and comprises the following steps:
equipment information entry: the controller MCU receives an instruction sent by the upper computer, adds a baud rate, a check type and a communication protocol parameter of new communication, and registers ID and model identification code information of equipment to Flash of the controller MCU through the upper computer;
batch acquisition in an online mode: traversing all devices to be acquired in the Flash, controlling corresponding relays to be attracted, sending acquisition instructions one by one, sending reply data to a server after receiving the reply data of registered devices, continuing to send next data if the relays are not disconnected, sending a batch operation completion mark to the server by a controller MCU after batch acquisition is completed, identifying that batch acquisition is completed, and enabling an acquisition device to enter an idle state;
the offline mode acquisition includes: restarting the searching network every 10 minutes, if the current time is consistent with the preset offline meter reading time, acquiring all the equipment by the acquisition device according to the registered equipment ID in Flash, and recording the date and time, whether error information exists and the acquired data in Flash; and after the acquisition is finished, continuously trying to connect the server again every 10 minutes, if the server is connected, sending the number of the offline data in the acquisition unit to the server, if an offline data receiving instruction sent by the server and ready for receiving the offline data is received, sequentially sending acquired offline data information to the server, after all the offline data information is sent, sending a batch operation completion mark to the server, and then entering an idle state.
7. The method for acquiring the heat meter data acquisition unit according to claim 6, further comprising LOG recording and parameter adjustment: 1024 sectors for recording information are divided in Flash, the information is stored in a storage unit in a form of recording codes and time stamps, and the information is checked, stored or deleted in cooperation with a parameter adjusting module.
8. The method for acquiring the heat meter data acquisition unit according to claim 7, wherein an SIM card is arranged in the acquisition unit, and the information recorded by the sector in the LOG record comprises acquisition unit online, network registration failure, server connection failure, acquisition equipment failure, MUBS overload, failure to receive a server heartbeat packet for multiple times, acquisition in an offline mode, SIM card error and server connection closing.
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