CN113163275A - Calorimeter data acquisition unit and acquisition method thereof - Google Patents
Calorimeter data acquisition unit and acquisition method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113163275A CN113163275A CN202110325431.5A CN202110325431A CN113163275A CN 113163275 A CN113163275 A CN 113163275A CN 202110325431 A CN202110325431 A CN 202110325431A CN 113163275 A CN113163275 A CN 113163275A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q9/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/02—Details
- H02H3/06—Details with automatic reconnection
- H02H3/066—Reconnection being a consequence of eliminating the fault which caused disconnection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L2012/40208—Bus networks characterized by the use of a particular bus standard
- H04L2012/40228—Modbus
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2209/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems
- H04Q2209/60—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for transmitting utility meters data, i.e. transmission of data from the reader of the utility meter
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of collectors, in particular to a heat meter data collector and a collection method thereof. The calorimeter data collector comprises a controller MCU, wherein the controller MCU is connected with an Mbus collection module and a 485 collection module, and a jumper cap is arranged between the Mbus collection module and the 485 collection module; the Mbus acquisition module comprises an Mbus sending circuit, an Mbus receiving circuit, an Mbus acquisition circuit and an overload protection circuit; the controller MCU comprises a storage unit, a timing unit and a communication unit which are connected with the control unit, the control unit is mainly used for processing information and receiving and sending related control instructions, the storage unit is mainly used for storing related data information, the timing unit is mainly used for timing time, the communication unit is mainly used for communicating information, and the control unit is connected with an upper computer and a server through the communication unit in a communication mode; the control unit comprises a parameter adjusting module and provides the heat meter data acquisition device for ensuring the acquisition efficiency and the acquisition safety and stability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of collectors, in particular to a heat meter data collector and a collection method thereof.
Background
MBUS is a main communication mode between a collector and an instrument in a centralized meter reading system, an MBUS communication circuit of the existing collector generally adopts a sampling resistor of dozens of ohms to sample and identify a modulated current signal returned by an MBUS slave station, and the larger the sampling resistor is, the better the identification effect on the returned signal is. However, when there are many slave stations and the load current is large, the sampling resistor affects the modulation voltage signal transmitted by the MBUS, resulting in voltage reduction and voltage difference fluctuation. And the situation that MBUS acquisition is incompatible with 485 acquisition exists, and different requirements are difficult to meet. Meanwhile, the existing collector is not provided with the function of off-line collection and the overload protection function, so that the collection efficiency and the collection safety and stability are affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the defects in the prior art are overcome, and the heat meter data acquisition device for ensuring the acquisition efficiency and the acquisition safety and stability is provided.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: the calorimeter data collector comprises a controller MCU, wherein the controller MCU is connected with an Mbus collection module and a 485 collection module, and a jumper cap is arranged between the Mbus collection module and the 485 collection module;
the Mbus acquisition module comprises an Mbus sending circuit, an Mbus receiving circuit, an Mbus acquisition circuit and an overload protection circuit;
the controller MCU comprises a storage unit, a timing unit and a communication unit which are connected with the control unit, the control unit is mainly used for processing information and receiving and sending related control instructions, the storage unit is mainly used for storing related data information, the timing unit is mainly used for timing time, the timing unit adopts a DS1302 real-time clock, the communication unit is mainly used for information communication, and the control unit is connected with an upper computer and a server through the communication unit in a communication mode;
the control unit comprises a parameter adjusting module.
This application sets up, and compatible 485 gathers and Mbus gathers to satisfy the collection demand of difference, increase overload protection function, improve the safety and stability nature that equipment gathered sets up solitary memory cell, is convenient for gather data and save under the off-line condition, guarantees collection efficiency.
The Mbus sending circuit comprises a resistor R22 connected with a controller MCU, a resistor R22 is connected with a resistor R23, the resistor R22 and the resistor R23 are connected with the base level of a triode Q2, the collector of the triode Q2 is connected with a resistor R21, the resistor R21 is connected with the base level of a triode Q1, the collector and the emitter of the triode Q1 are both connected with a 36V voltage bus, the collector of the triode Q1 is connected with a fast recovery diode D3, and the fast recovery diode D3 is connected with a 24V voltage bus;
the fast recovery diode D3 is connected with MBUS + through a self-recovery fuse F1, the fast recovery diode D3 is connected with a resistor R24, the resistor R24 is connected with the base of a triode Q3, the emitter of the triode Q3 is connected with the self-recovery fuse F1, the collector of the triode Q3 is connected with a resistor R28, and the resistor R28 is connected with MBUS-. The TX pin of the controller MCU is connected with a resistor R22, is connected with a 24V voltage bus in an initial state, and when a data signal to be transmitted is received, the triode Q2 is turned on after passing through a resistor R22 and a resistor R23, and a low level is applied to the base level of the triode Q1, so that the triode Q1 is conducted, the 36V voltage bus is switched on, and the voltage is restored to 24V after the signal is ended. The self-recovery fuse F1 can protect the load from short circuit by forming a pulse signal according to the change of the signal and transmitting data through the pulse signal, thereby preventing the device from being damaged.
The Mbus receiving circuit comprises a sampling resistor R31 and a resistor R34 which are connected with MBUS-, the resistor R34 is connected with MBUS + through a bidirectional diode Z4, the bidirectional diode Z4 is connected with a resistor R25, the sampling resistor R31 is connected with a resistor R32 and a resistor R38, the resistor R25 and the resistor R38 are grounded, and a signal with the voltage of about 0.15V can be obtained;
the device also comprises an arithmetic unit U8 and a trigger U7, a 2-pin connecting resistor R32 of the arithmetic unit U8, a 3-pin connecting resistor R34 of an arithmetic unit U8, a resistor R34 connected with a resistor R34, a 1-pin and a 2-pin of the arithmetic unit U34 are connected with a resistor R34, the resistor R34 is connected with the anode of a diode D34, an amplified signal with the voltage of about 10V can be obtained, the cathode of the diode D34 is connected with the resistor R34, the resistor R34 is connected with a 10-pin of the arithmetic unit U34 and the resistor R34, the 1-pin of the arithmetic unit U34 is connected with a 5-pin of the arithmetic unit U34 through the resistor R34, the pin of the arithmetic unit U34 is connected with a filter capacitor C34, the 6-pin and the 7-pin of the arithmetic unit U34 are connected with a 9-pin through the resistor R34, the 9-pin of the arithmetic unit U34 is connected with a resistor R34, the resistor R34 and the resistor R34, the resistor R30 and the resistor R36 are both grounded, and the received data are subjected to data operation conversion and the like through the arithmetic unit U8;
one end, far away from the resistor R45, of the resistor R44 is used as an output end and connected with an 8 pin of the trigger U7 and an anode of the diode D5, a cathode of the diode D5 is connected with 3.3V voltage, the voltage of the 8 pin of the trigger U7 is 3.3V at most, received data are processed through the arithmetic unit U8 and then subjected to inverse filtering through the trigger U7, the 13 pin of the trigger U7 is connected with the 3.3V voltage through the resistor R68, the 3 pin of the trigger U7 is connected with the controller MCU, and the processed data received through the MBUS bus are output through the 3 pin of the trigger U7 and sent to the controller MCU.
The Mbus acquisition circuit comprises a resistor R56 and a resistor 62 which are respectively connected with the controller MCU, the RO1 pin of the controller MCU is connected with the resistor R56, and the RO2 pin is connected with the resistor R62;
the resistor R56 is connected with a resistor R53 and a capacitor C22, the resistor R53 is connected with 3.3V voltage, the resistor R53 and the capacitor C22 are connected with a photoelectric coupler U10, the photoelectric coupler U10 is connected with a resistor R52, a resistor R54, a resistor R55 and a diode D6, the resistor R52 is connected with the anode of a light emitting diode LED6, the cathode of the light emitting diode LED6 is connected with the anode of a diode D6 and a coil of a relay JK1, the cathode of the diode D6 is connected with a resistor R52 and a coil of a relay JK1, the relay JK1 is connected with MBUS +, a normally open contact of the relay JK1 is connected with one end of an MBUS + output, the resistor R54 and the resistor R55 are connected with a capacitor C23 and a resistor R57, the capacitor C23 and the resistor R57 are connected with the base and an emitter of a triode Q7, and the collector of the triode Q7 is connected with a coil of the JK LED 1, the cathode of the LED D6 and the anode of the diode D6, and the emitter of the triode 67 7;
the resistor R62 is connected with a resistor R59 and a capacitor C24, the resistor R59 is connected with 3.3V voltage, the resistor R59 and the capacitor C24 are connected with a photocoupler U10, the photocoupler U10 is connected with a resistor R58, a resistor R61, a resistor R60 and a diode D7, the resistor R58 is connected with the anode of the LED7, the cathode of the LED7 is connected with the anode of the diode D7 and the coil of the relay JK2, the cathode of the diode D7 is connected with the resistor R58 and the coil of the relay JK2, the relay JK2 is connected with MBUS-, one normally open contact of the relay JK2 is connected with one end of an MBUS-output, the resistor R60 and the resistor R61 are connected with the capacitor C25 and the resistor R63, the capacitor C25 and the resistor R63 are connected with the base and the emitter of the triode Q8, and the collector of the triode Q8 is connected with the coil of the relay JK2, the cathode of the LED7 and the emitter of the diode Q7 and the emitter 7. Aiming at the collection of mbus, a plurality of relays are used for controlling the on-off of each path and are matched with photoelectric couplers for isolation, the anti-interference capability is enhanced, and the problem that the original load can be carried by only 300 paths is solved.
The overload protection circuit comprises a voltage comparator U9 connected with a controller MCU, a 5-pin connecting resistor R49 and a resistor R50 of the voltage comparator U9, a resistor 50 is grounded, a resistor R49 is connected with MBUS +, a 6-pin connecting resistor R47 and a resistor R48 of the voltage comparator U9, a resistor R47 is grounded, a resistor R48 is connected with 5V voltage, a 7-pin of the voltage comparator U9 is connected with the cathode of a light emitting diode LED4, the anode of the light emitting diode LED4 is connected with a resistor R46, and a resistor R46 is connected with 5V voltage. Since the MBUS level is a current signal, there is a case where the output signal is short-circuited. On one hand, the LM393 voltage comparator is used to match with the sampling rate ADC of the controller MCU400K to judge whether the mbus circuit is overloaded, so that short-circuit protection can be realized within 10 ms. On the other hand, a self-recovery fuse F1 is added to the Mbus transmission circuit, and when detecting that the Mbus current exceeds 1A, the output protection is turned off. Specifically, when the MBUS circuit is connected for collection, the collector is connected with a load, if the output voltage is lower than 7.8V, the voltage comparator U9 outputs a short-circuit signal, the controller MCU detects the short-circuit signal through the ADC, the output voltage triodes Q7 and Q8 are immediately closed, and the relays JK1 and JK2 are disconnected. And after 5 seconds, trying to open the output, if the output is still short-circuited, disconnecting the relays JK1 and JK2, and closing the output, otherwise, recovering the normal state and continuing to collect the data. If the short circuit state still exists after the 3 times of attempts, the acquisition is ended, the relays JK1 and JK2 are disconnected, the output is disconnected, and the controller MCU records that the acquisition meets the overload or short circuit condition.
The 485 acquisition module comprises a 485 transceiver module M1 connected with the MCU, a pin 8 of the 485 transceiver module M1 is connected with a resistor R51 and a resistor R69, a pin 9 is connected with a resistor R8 and a resistor R51, a resistor R8 and a resistor R69 are grounded, the resistor R58 and a resistor R51 are connected with a diode D8 and a diode D9, the resistor R51 and a resistor R69 are connected with a diode D9 and a diode D10, the diode D8, the diode D9 and a diode D10 are connected with a transformer L3, the diode D10 is connected with a capacitor C2 and a resistor R67, the transformer L3 is connected with a discharge tube G1, and the G1 is connected with the 485 transceiver module M1. On the 485 level acquisition, SMBJ12CA TVS diodes D8, D9 and D10, 3RM090L discharge tube G1 are added, so that the lightning protection and surge resistance capability is enhanced.
The parameter adjusting module is mainly used for reading and modifying the server IP and port connected with the collector, the collector time, the default collection time, the heartbeat package time, the RTC time and the registered equipment, and can also be used for modifying and setting the maximum negative number of the collector according to the requirement so as to distinguish different markets, and the operation such as restarting and initializing the collector can be performed through the parameter adjusting module.
A method for acquiring heat meter data acquisition units, wherein the heat meter data acquisition units comprise an online mode batch acquisition mode and an offline mode acquisition mode, and the method comprises the following steps:
equipment information entry: sending an instruction to a controller MCU through an upper computer, receiving the instruction sent by the upper computer by the controller MCU, adding parameters such as baud rate, check type, communication protocol and the like of new communication so as to support new equipment at any time, and registering ID and model identification code information of the equipment to Flash of the controller MCU through the upper computer;
batch acquisition in an online mode: traversing all the devices to be acquired in the Flash, controlling the corresponding relays to be attracted, sending acquisition instructions one by one, sending the reply data to the server after receiving the reply data of the registered devices, and continuing to send the next data if the relays are not disconnected. After the batch acquisition is finished, the controller MCU sends a batch operation completion mark to the server for identifying that the batch acquisition is finished and the collector enters an idle state;
in the process that the collector sends the complex data back to the server, the server replies the heartbeat packet condition to the collector after receiving the complex data, if the collector cannot receive the heartbeat packet condition replied by the server for many times or the collector cannot be connected with the server, the collector enters an offline mode, and the offline mode comprises the following steps: restarting the searching network every 10 minutes, wherein the collector has a DS1302 real-time clock, and if the current time is consistent with the preset offline meter reading time, the collector collects all the devices according to the registered device ID in Flash, and records the date and time, whether error information exists and the collected data in Flash; and after the acquisition is finished, continuously trying to connect the server again every 10 minutes, if the server is connected, sending the number of the offline data in the acquisition unit to the server, if an offline data command which is sent by the server and is ready to accept is received, sequentially sending acquired offline data information to the server, and after all the offline data information is sent, sending a batch operation completion mark to the server for recognizing that the batch acquisition is finished, and then entering an idle state.
The method further comprises LOG recording and parameter adjustment: 1024 sectors for recording information are divided in Flash, the information is stored in a storage unit in a form of recording codes and time stamps, the storage unit is a nonvolatile memory, the information can be convenient for field debugging personnel to quickly position the collector, and the information is checked, stored or deleted in cooperation with a parameter adjusting module. Meanwhile, for the convenience of debugging of field debugging personnel, the server IP and port connected with the collector, the collector time, the default collection time, the heartbeat package time, the RTC time and the registered equipment can be read and modified through the parameter adjusting module, the maximum negative number of circuits of the collector can be modified and set according to requirements so as to distinguish different markets, and the collector can be restarted, initialized and the like through the parameter adjusting module.
The information of the sector record in LOG record includes but is not limited to: the method comprises the following steps of on-line acquisition of a collector, network registration failure, server connection failure, acquisition equipment failure, MUBS overload, failure to receive a server heartbeat packet for multiple times, entering off-line mode acquisition, SIM card error and server connection closing.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a heat meter data collector and a collection method thereof, Mbus collection and 485 collection are compatibly integrated under one collector, more collection requirements are met, the use cost is reduced, the overload protection function is added, the safety and stability of equipment collection are improved, an independent storage unit is arranged, data collection and storage under an off-line state are facilitated, and the collection efficiency is ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a controller MCU of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of the Mbus transmission circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of the Mbus receiving circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of the Mbus acquisition circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of the overload protection circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a 485 acquisition module of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a block diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
examples
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the wireless sensor network controller comprises a controller MCU, wherein the controller MCU is connected with an Mbus acquisition module and a 485 acquisition module, and a jumper cap is arranged between the Mbus acquisition module and the 485 acquisition module;
the Mbus acquisition module comprises an Mbus sending circuit, an Mbus receiving circuit, an Mbus acquisition circuit and an overload protection circuit;
the controller MCU comprises a storage unit, a timing unit and a communication unit which are connected with the control unit, the control unit is mainly used for processing information and receiving and sending related control instructions, the storage unit is mainly used for storing related data information, the timing unit is mainly used for timing time, the timing unit adopts a DS1302 real-time clock, the communication unit is mainly used for information communication, and the control unit is connected with an upper computer and a server through the communication unit in a communication mode;
the control unit comprises a parameter adjusting module.
For the mbus level:
for TTL levels:
and (3) sending: logic '1' is greater than 2.4V; logic '0', less than 0.8V.
Receiving: logic '0' is greater than 2.0V; logic '0', less than 1.2V
The logic levels of the two levels are not identical at all and therefore a level shift is required. The implementation method of the hardware circuit for mutual conversion between the Mbus level and the TTL level is realized by an Mbus sending circuit and an Mbus receiving circuit.
Referring to fig. 2, the Mbus transmission circuit includes a resistor R22 connected to the controller MCU, a resistor R22 connected to a resistor R23, a resistor R22 and a resistor R23 connected to the base of a transistor Q2, a collector of the transistor Q2 connected to a resistor R21, a resistor R21 connected to the base of a transistor Q1, a collector and an emitter of the transistor Q1 connected to a 36V voltage bus, a collector of the transistor Q1 connected to a fast recovery diode D3, and a fast recovery diode D3 connected to a 24V voltage bus;
the fast recovery diode D3 is connected with MBUS + through a self-recovery fuse F1, the fast recovery diode D3 is connected with a resistor R24, the resistor R24 is connected with the base of a triode Q3, the emitter of the triode Q3 is connected with the self-recovery fuse F1, the collector of the triode Q3 is connected with a resistor R28, and the resistor R28 is connected with MBUS-. The TX pin of the controller MCU is connected with a resistor R22, is connected with a 24V voltage bus in an initial state, and when a data signal to be transmitted is received, the triode Q2 is turned on after passing through a resistor R22 and a resistor R23, and a low level is applied to the base level of the triode Q1, so that the triode Q1 is conducted, the 36V voltage bus is switched on, and the voltage is restored to 24V after the signal is ended. The self-recovery fuse F1 can protect the load from short circuit by forming a pulse signal according to the change of the signal and transmitting data through the pulse signal, thereby preventing the device from being damaged.
Referring to fig. 3, the Mbus receiving circuit includes a sampling resistor R31 and a resistor R34 connected to Mbus-, the resistor R34 is connected to Mbus + through a bidirectional diode Z4, the bidirectional diode Z4 is connected to a resistor R25, the sampling resistor R31 is connected to a resistor R32 and a resistor R38, the resistor R25 and the resistor R38 are both grounded, and a signal with a voltage of about 0.15V can be obtained;
the device also comprises an arithmetic unit U8 and a trigger U7, a 2-pin connecting resistor R32 of the arithmetic unit U8, a 3-pin connecting resistor R34 of an arithmetic unit U8, a resistor R34 connected with a resistor R34, a 1-pin and a 2-pin of the arithmetic unit U34 are connected with a resistor R34, the resistor R34 is connected with the anode of a diode D34, an amplified signal with the voltage of about 10V can be obtained, the cathode of the diode D34 is connected with the resistor R34, the resistor R34 is connected with a 10-pin of the arithmetic unit U34 and the resistor R34, the 1-pin of the arithmetic unit U34 is connected with a 5-pin of the arithmetic unit U34 through the resistor R34, the pin of the arithmetic unit U34 is connected with a filter capacitor C34, the 6-pin and the 7-pin of the arithmetic unit U34 are connected with a 9-pin through the resistor R34, the 9-pin of the arithmetic unit U34 is connected with a resistor R34, the resistor R34 and the resistor R34, the resistor R30 and the resistor R36 are both grounded, and the received data are subjected to data operation conversion and the like through the arithmetic unit U8;
one end, far away from the resistor R45, of the resistor R44 is connected with an 8-pin of the trigger U7 and an anode of the diode D5 as an output end, a cathode of the diode D5 is connected with 3.3V voltage, the voltage of the 8-pin of the trigger U7 is 3.3V at most, received data are processed through the arithmetic unit U8 and then subjected to inverse filtering through the trigger U7, the 13-pin of the trigger U7 is connected with the 3.3V voltage through the resistor R68, the 3-pin of the trigger U7 is connected with the controller MCU, and the processed data received through the MBUS bus are output through the 3-pin of the trigger U7 and sent to the controller MCU.
Referring to fig. 1 and 4, the Mbus acquisition circuit includes a resistor R56 and a resistor 62 respectively connected to the controller MCU, a resistor R56 connected to the RO1 pin of the controller MCU, and a resistor R62 connected to the RO2 pin;
a resistor R56 is connected with a resistor R53 and a capacitor C22, a resistor R53 is connected with 3.3V voltage, a resistor R53 and a capacitor C22 are connected with a photocoupler U10, a photocoupler U10 is connected with a resistor R52, a resistor R54, a resistor R55 and a diode D6, a resistor R52 is connected with the anode of a light-emitting diode LED6, the cathode of the light-emitting diode LED6 is connected with the anode of a diode D6 and the coil of a relay JK1, the cathode of a diode D6 is connected with a resistor R52 and the coil of a relay JK1, the relay JK1 is connected with MBUS +, one normally open contact of the relay JK1 is connected with one end of an MBUS + output, the resistor R54 and the resistor R55 are connected with a capacitor C23 and a resistor R57, the capacitor C23 and the resistor R57 are connected with the base and the emitter of a triode Q7, and the collector of the triode Q7 is connected with the coil of a triode JK1, the cathode of the emitter of the light-emitting diode LED6 and the emitter of the triode Q6;
the resistor R62 is connected with a resistor R59 and a capacitor C24, the resistor R59 is connected with 3.3V voltage, the resistor R59 and a capacitor C24 are connected with a photocoupler U10, the photocoupler U10 is connected with a resistor R58, a resistor R61, a resistor R60 and a diode D7, the resistor R58 is connected with the anode of the LED7, the cathode of the LED7 is connected with the anode of the diode D7 and the coil of the relay JK2, the cathode of the diode D7 is connected with the resistor R58 and the coil of the relay JK2, the relay JK2 is connected with MBUS-, a normally open contact of the relay JK2 is connected with one end of an MBUS-output, the resistor R60 and the resistor R61 are connected with the capacitor C25 and the resistor R63, the capacitor C25 and the resistor R63 are connected with the base and the emitter of the triode Q8, and the collector of the triode Q8 is connected with the coil of the LED 2, the cathode of the diode LED7 and the anode of the triode 7 and the emitter of the triode 7. Aiming at the collection of mbus, a plurality of relays are used for controlling the on-off of each path and are matched with photoelectric couplers for isolation, the anti-interference capability is enhanced, and the problem that the original load can be carried by only 300 paths is solved.
Referring to fig. 5, the overload protection circuit includes a voltage comparator U9 connected to the controller MCU, a pin 5 of the voltage comparator U9 is connected to a resistor R49 and a resistor R50, a resistor 50 is grounded, a resistor R49 is connected to the MBUS +, a pin 6 of the voltage comparator U9 is connected to a resistor R47 and a resistor R48, a resistor R47 is grounded, a resistor R48 is connected to the voltage of 5V, a pin 7 of the voltage comparator U9 is connected to the negative electrode of a light emitting diode LED4, the positive electrode of the light emitting diode LED4 is connected to a resistor R46, and a resistor R46 is connected to the voltage of 5V. Since the MBUS level is a current signal, there is a case where the output signal is short-circuited. On one hand, the LM393 voltage comparator is used to match with the sampling rate ADC of the controller MCU400K to judge whether the mbus circuit is overloaded, so that short-circuit protection can be realized within 10 ms. On the other hand, a self-recovery fuse F1 is added to the Mbus transmission circuit, and when detecting that the Mbus current exceeds 1A, the output protection is turned off. Specifically, when the MBUS circuit is connected for collection, the collector is connected with a load, if the output voltage is lower than 7.8V, the voltage comparator U9 outputs a short-circuit signal, the controller MCU detects the short-circuit signal through the ADC, the output voltage triodes Q7 and Q8 are immediately closed, and the relays JK1 and JK2 are disconnected. And after 5 seconds, trying to open the output, if the output is still short-circuited, disconnecting the relays JK1 and JK2, and closing the output, otherwise, recovering the normal state and continuing to collect the data. If the short circuit state still exists after the trial for 3 times, the acquisition is finished, the relays JK1 and JK2 are disconnected, the output is disconnected, the controller MCU records that the acquisition meets the overload or short circuit condition, and if the acquisition is in an online mode, the alarm information is uploaded to the server.
Referring to fig. 6, the 485 acquisition module includes a 485 transceiver module M1 connected to the controller MCU, a pin 8 of the 485 transceiver module M1 is connected to a resistor R51 and a resistor R69, a pin 9 is connected to a resistor R8 and a resistor R51, a resistor R8 and a resistor R69 are grounded, a resistor R58 and a resistor R51 are connected to a diode D8 and a diode D9, the resistor R51 and the resistor R69 are connected to a diode D9 and a diode D10, the diode D8, the diode D9 and the diode D10 are connected to a transformer L3, the diode D10 is connected to a capacitor C2 and a resistor R67, the transformer L3 is connected to a discharge tube G1, and the discharge tube G1 is connected to the 485 transceiver module M1. On the 485 level acquisition, SMBJ12CA TVS diodes D8, D9 and D10, 3RM090L discharge tube G1 are added, so that the lightning protection and surge resistance capability is enhanced. The 485 acquisition module and the Mbus acquisition module are switched through the jumper cap, and when the 485 acquisition module is switched, the acquisition of a 485 level modbus protocol is realized.
The parameter adjusting module is mainly used for reading and modifying the server IP and port connected with the collector, the collector time, the default collection time, the heartbeat package time, the RTC time and the registered equipment, and can also be used for modifying and setting the maximum negative number of the collector according to the requirement so as to distinguish different markets, and the operation such as restarting and initializing the collector can be performed through the parameter adjusting module.
The callout module in this application is written in python language, pyqt5 framework. All input boxes limit the input content using regular expressions, and when the input content is detected to be incorrect, such as when the input IPV4 address exceeds 255, a pop-up dialog box prompts the user to input a re-input in error. And the address information stored in the collector Flash can be decoded and displayed in the dialogue box of the parameter adjusting module. When a user modifies, deletes and adds addresses, the parameter adjusting module firstly strips input data, then judges whether the input data is correct or not through the regular expression, if the input data is correct, then judges that a plurality of addresses need to be added, a plurality of addresses need to be modified and a plurality of addresses need to be deleted, and finally recodes the input addresses and sends the recoded addresses to the storage unit for adding, modifying or deleting.
The parameter adjusting module can also store the read log information to a TXT book, so that later analysis is facilitated.
Example 2
A method for acquiring heat meter data acquisition units, wherein the heat meter data acquisition units comprise an online mode batch acquisition mode and an offline mode acquisition mode, and the method comprises the following steps:
equipment information entry: sending an instruction to a controller MCU through an upper computer, receiving the instruction sent by the upper computer by the controller MCU, adding parameters such as baud rate, check type, communication protocol and the like of new communication so as to support new equipment at any time, and registering ID and model identification code information of the equipment to Flash of the controller MCU through the upper computer;
batch acquisition in an online mode: traversing all the devices to be acquired in the Flash, controlling the corresponding relays to be attracted, sending acquisition instructions one by one, sending the reply data to the server after receiving the reply data of the registered devices, and continuing to send the next data if the relays are not disconnected. After the batch acquisition is finished, the controller MCU sends a batch operation completion mark to the server for identifying that the batch acquisition is finished and the collector enters an idle state;
in the process that the collector sends the complex data back to the server, the server replies the heartbeat packet condition to the collector after receiving the complex data, if the collector cannot receive the heartbeat packet condition replied by the server for many times or the collector cannot be connected with the server, the collector enters an offline mode, and the offline mode comprises the following steps: the search for a network is restarted every 10 minutes,
the collector has a DS1302 real-time clock, and if the current time is consistent with the preset offline meter reading time, the collector collects all the devices according to the registered device IDs in Flash, and records the date and time, whether error information exists and the collected data in Flash;
after the acquisition is finished, continuously trying to connect the server again every 10 minutes, if the server is connected, sending the number of offline data in the collector to the server, if an offline data command which is sent by the server and is ready to be accepted is received, sequentially sending acquired offline data information to the server, and after all the offline data information is sent, sending a batch operation completion mark to the server for recognizing that the batch acquisition is finished, and then entering an idle state;
the method is characterized by further comprising LOG recording and parameter adjustment, wherein the LOG recording and parameter adjustment comprises dividing 1024 sectors used for recording information in Flash, storing the information in a storage unit in a form of recording codes and adding timestamps, the storage unit is a nonvolatile memory, the information can be convenient for field debugging personnel to quickly position the collector, and the information is checked, stored or deleted in cooperation with a parameter adjusting module. Meanwhile, for the convenience of debugging of field debugging personnel, the server IP and port connected with the collector, the collector time, the default collection time, the heartbeat package time, the RTC time and the registered equipment can be read and modified through the parameter adjusting module, the maximum negative number of circuits of the collector can be modified and set according to requirements so as to distinguish different markets, and the collector can be restarted, initialized and the like through the parameter adjusting module.
The information of the sector record in LOG record includes but is not limited to: the method comprises the following steps of on-line acquisition of a collector, network registration failure, server connection failure, acquisition equipment failure, MUBS overload, failure to receive a server heartbeat packet for multiple times, entering off-line mode acquisition, SIM card error and server connection closing.
In 60S of electrifying, the relays JK1 and JK2 are attracted, and a single-board tool test can be carried out, so that a circuit part can test power supply quality of 24V voltage, 5V voltage, 3.3V and the like, and the ID, date time, default acquisition time, heartbeat package time, short circuit test and the like can be written in the period.
Claims (10)
1. A calorimeter data collector is characterized by comprising a controller MCU, wherein the controller MCU is connected with an Mbus collection module and a 485 collection module, and a jumper cap is arranged between the Mbus collection module and the 485 collection module;
the Mbus acquisition module comprises an Mbus sending circuit, an Mbus receiving circuit, an Mbus acquisition circuit and an overload protection circuit;
the controller MCU comprises a storage unit, a timing unit and a communication unit which are connected with the control unit, the control unit is mainly used for processing information and receiving and sending related control instructions, the storage unit is mainly used for storing related data information, the timing unit is mainly used for timing time, the communication unit is mainly used for communicating information, and the control unit is connected with an upper computer and a server through the communication unit;
the control unit comprises a parameter adjusting module.
2. The heat meter data collector according to claim 1, wherein the Mbus transmission circuit comprises a resistor R22 connected with the controller MCU, a resistor R22 is connected with a resistor R23, the resistor R22 and the resistor R23 are connected with the base of a transistor Q2, the collector of the transistor Q2 is connected with a resistor R21, the resistor R21 is connected with the base of a transistor Q1, the collector and the emitter of the transistor Q1 are both connected with a 36V voltage bus, the collector of the transistor Q1 is connected with a fast recovery diode D3, and the fast recovery diode D3 is connected with a 24V voltage bus;
the fast recovery diode D3 is connected with MBUS + through a self-recovery fuse F1, the fast recovery diode D3 is connected with a resistor R24, the resistor R24 is connected with the base of a triode Q3, the emitter of the triode Q3 is connected with the self-recovery fuse F1, the collector of the triode Q3 is connected with a resistor R28, and the resistor R28 is connected with MBUS-.
3. The calorimeter data collector of claim 1, wherein the Mbus receiving circuit comprises a sampling resistor R31 and a resistor R34 connected with MBUS-, the resistor R34 is connected with MBUS + through a bidirectional diode Z4, the bidirectional diode Z4 is connected with a resistor R25, the sampling resistor R31 is connected with a resistor R32 and a resistor R38, and the resistor R25 and the resistor R38 are both grounded;
the device also comprises an arithmetic unit U8 and a trigger U8, a pin 2 of the arithmetic unit U8 is connected with a resistor R8, a pin 3 of the arithmetic unit U8 is connected with a resistor R8, a resistor R8 is connected with a resistor R8, a pin 1 and a pin 2 of the arithmetic unit U8 are connected with a resistor R8, the resistor R8 is connected with the anode of a diode D8, the cathode of the diode D8 is connected with the resistor R8, the resistor R8 is connected with a pin 10 of the arithmetic unit U8 and the resistor R8, a pin 1 of the arithmetic unit U8 is connected with a pin 5 of the arithmetic unit U8 through the resistor R8, a pin 6 of the arithmetic unit U8 is connected with a filter capacitor C8, pins 6 and 7 of the arithmetic unit U8 are connected with a pin 9 through the resistor R8, a pin 9 of the arithmetic unit U8 is connected with a pin 8 through the resistor R8, the resistor R8 is connected with the resistor R8, and the resistor R8 are grounded;
one end, far away from the resistor R45, of the resistor R44 is connected with an 8 pin of the trigger U7 and the anode of the diode D5, the cathode of the diode D5 is connected with 3.3V voltage, a 13 pin of the trigger U7 is connected with 3.3V voltage through a resistor R68, and a 3 pin of the trigger U7 is connected with the MCU.
4. The heat meter data collector according to claim 1, wherein the Mbus collection circuit comprises a resistor R56 and a resistor 62 which are respectively connected with a controller MCU;
the resistor R56 is connected with a resistor R53 and a capacitor C22, the resistor R53 is connected with 3.3V voltage, the resistor R53 and the capacitor C22 are connected with a photoelectric coupler U10, the photoelectric coupler U10 is connected with a resistor R52, a resistor R54, a resistor R55 and a diode D6, the resistor R52 is connected with the anode of a light emitting diode LED6, the cathode of the light emitting diode LED6 is connected with the anode of a diode D6 and a coil of a relay JK1, the cathode of the diode D6 is connected with a resistor R52 and a coil of a relay JK1, the relay JK1 is connected with MBUS +, a normally open contact of the relay JK1 is connected with one end of an MBUS + output, the resistor R54 and the resistor R55 are connected with a capacitor C23 and a resistor R57, the capacitor C23 and the resistor R57 are connected with the base and an emitter of a triode Q7, and the collector of the triode Q7 is connected with a coil of the JK LED 1, the cathode of the LED D6 and the anode of the diode D6, and the emitter of the triode 67 7;
the resistor R62 is connected with a resistor R59 and a capacitor C24, the resistor R59 is connected with 3.3V voltage, the resistor R59 and the capacitor C24 are connected with a photocoupler U10, the photocoupler U10 is connected with a resistor R58, a resistor R61, a resistor R60 and a diode D7, the resistor R58 is connected with the anode of the LED7, the cathode of the LED7 is connected with the anode of the diode D7 and the coil of the relay JK2, the cathode of the diode D7 is connected with the resistor R58 and the coil of the relay JK2, the relay JK2 is connected with MBUS-, one normally open contact of the relay JK2 is connected with one end of an MBUS-output, the resistor R60 and the resistor R61 are connected with the capacitor C25 and the resistor R63, the capacitor C25 and the resistor R63 are connected with the base and the emitter of the triode Q8, and the collector of the triode Q8 is connected with the coil of the relay JK2, the cathode of the LED7 and the emitter of the diode Q7 and the emitter 7.
5. The heat meter data collector according to claim 1, wherein the overload protection circuit comprises a voltage comparator U9 connected with the controller MCU, a 5-pin of the voltage comparator U9 is connected with a resistor R49 and a resistor R50, a resistor 50 is grounded, the resistor R49 is connected with MBUS +, a 6-pin of the voltage comparator U9 is connected with a resistor R47 and a resistor R48, the resistor R47 is grounded, a resistor R48 is connected with 5V voltage, a 7-pin of the voltage comparator U9 is connected with the negative electrode of a light emitting diode LED4, the positive electrode of the light emitting diode LED4 is connected with a resistor R46, and a resistor R46 is connected with 5V voltage. Since the MBUS level is a current signal, there is a case where the output signal is short-circuited.
6. The heat meter data collector according to claim 1, wherein the 485 acquisition module comprises a 485 transceiver module M1 connected with the controller MCU, pins 8 of the 485 transceiver module M1 are connected with a resistor R51 and a resistor R69, pins 9 are connected with a resistor R8 and a resistor R51, a resistor R8 and a resistor R69 are grounded, a resistor R58 and a resistor R51 are connected with a diode D8 and a diode D9, a resistor R51 and a resistor R69 are connected with a diode D9 and a diode D10, a diode D8, a diode D9 and a diode D10 are connected with a transformer L3, a diode D10 is connected with a capacitor C2 and a resistor R67, a transformer L3 is connected with a discharge tube G1, and a discharge tube G1 is connected with the 485 transceiver module M1.
7. The heat meter data acquisition unit according to claim 1, wherein the parameter adjusting module is mainly used for reading and modifying a server IP and a port connected with the acquisition unit, acquisition time, default acquisition time, heartbeat packet time, RTC time and registered equipment, modifying and setting the maximum negative number of paths of the acquisition unit, and restarting and initializing the acquisition unit.
8. A method for acquiring heat meter data acquisition units is characterized in that the heat meter data acquisition units comprise an online mode batch acquisition mode and an offline mode acquisition mode, and the method comprises the following steps:
equipment information entry: the controller MCU receives the instruction sent by the upper computer, adds the baud rate, the check type and the communication protocol parameter of new communication, registers the ID and the model identification code information of the equipment to the Flash of the controller MCU through the upper computer,
batch acquisition in an online mode: traversing all devices to be acquired in the Flash, controlling corresponding relays to be attracted, sending acquisition instructions one by one, sending reply data to a server after receiving the reply data of registered devices, continuing to send next data if the relays are not disconnected, sending a batch operation completion mark to the server by a controller MCU after batch acquisition is completed, identifying that batch acquisition is completed, and enabling an acquisition device to enter an idle state;
the offline mode acquisition includes: restarting the searching network every 10 minutes, if the current time is consistent with the preset offline meter reading time, acquiring all the equipment by the acquisition device according to the registered equipment ID in Flash, and recording the date and time, whether error information exists and the acquired data in Flash; and after the acquisition is finished, continuously trying to connect the server again every 10 minutes, if the server is connected, sending the number of the offline data in the acquisition unit to the server, if an offline data receiving instruction sent by the server and ready for receiving the offline data is received, sequentially sending acquired offline data information to the server, after all the offline data information is sent, sending a batch operation completion mark to the server, and then entering an idle state.
9. The method for acquiring the heat meter data acquisition unit according to claim 8, further comprising LOG recording and parameter adjustment: 1024 sectors for recording information are divided in Flash, the information is stored in a storage unit in a form of recording codes and time stamps, and the information is checked, stored or deleted in cooperation with a parameter adjusting module.
10. The method for acquiring the heat meter data acquisition unit according to claim 9, wherein an SIM card is arranged in the acquisition unit, and the information recorded by the sector in the LOG record includes acquisition unit online, network registration failure, server connection failure, acquisition device failure, MUBS overload, failure to receive a server heartbeat packet for multiple times, acquisition in an offline mode, SIM card error, and server connection closing.
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