CN113162452B - Current phase-shifting parallel circuit - Google Patents
Current phase-shifting parallel circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN113162452B CN113162452B CN202110344758.7A CN202110344758A CN113162452B CN 113162452 B CN113162452 B CN 113162452B CN 202110344758 A CN202110344758 A CN 202110344758A CN 113162452 B CN113162452 B CN 113162452B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
- H02M1/088—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices
Abstract
The invention relates to a current phase-shifting parallel circuit which comprises an inverter circuit, a phase-shifting control module and a common mode and differential mode integrated inductor, wherein the phase-shifting control module is connected with a first bridge and a second bridge of the inverter circuit, the common mode and differential mode integrated inductor is respectively connected with the output ends of the first bridge and the second bridge, and the phase-shifting control module drives the first bridge and the second bridge of the inverter circuit in a time-sharing manner so that the current difference output by the first bridge and the second bridge is suppressed by the common mode and differential mode integrated inductor. The problem that current sharing is uncontrollable due to inconsistent dynamic and static characteristics when traditional power modules are directly connected in parallel is solved, dv/dt electric stress of a load winding is reduced, and the service life of a motor is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of DC/AC power conversion, in particular to a current phase-shifting parallel circuit.
Background
The output current of the application field of a high-power electric transmission or inverter power supply is large, the current capacity of a single module of the existing power device is limited, multiple modules are generally adopted to directly run in parallel in practical application, however, the power modules have differences in technical performance, the conduction voltage drop and the dynamic switch characteristic parameters are inconsistent, if the matching parameters are not well selected, the current equalizing performance is poor, the parallel connection effect of the power modules is influenced, the power modules are disabled in serious cases, and the system reliability is reduced.
Therefore, how to solve the problem of poor direct parallel operation effect of the power modules in the prior art is a problem which needs to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a current phase shift parallel circuit, which comprises an inverter circuit, a phase shift control module 1, and a common mode and differential mode integrated inductor 2, wherein the inverter circuit comprises a filter capacitor, a first power module 3, a second power module 4, and a load 5, the two filter capacitors are connected in series between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the dc side, and a neutral point is formed between the two filter capacitors; the first power module 3 comprises a first power device 31 and a second power device 32, wherein a C end of the first power device 31 is used as an anode input end of the first power module 3 and is connected with an anode of a direct-current power supply, an E end of the first power device 31 is connected with a C end of the second power device 32 to form an output end of the first power module 3, and an E end of the second power device 32 is used as a cathode input end of the first power module 3 and is connected with a cathode at a direct-current side; the second power module 4 comprises a third power device 41 and a fourth power device 42, wherein a C end of the third power device 41 is used as an anode input end of the second power module 4 and is connected with an anode of a direct-current power supply, an E end of the third power device 41 is connected with a C end of the fourth power device 42 to form an output end of the second power module 4, and an E end of the fourth power device 42 is used as a cathode input end of the second power module 4 and is connected with a cathode of the direct-current power supply; one end of the load 5 is connected with the output end of the first power module 3 and the output end of the second power module 4, and the other end of the load is connected with a neutral point of the capacitor; the phase shift control module 1 is respectively connected to the G terminal of the first power device 31 and the G terminal of the third power device 41, and is configured to control a time difference between excitation signals of the first power device 31 and the third power device 41; common mode differential mode integrated inductor 2 includes iron core 21, first coil 22 and second coil 23, iron core 21 has two parallel edges, first coil 22 equals with the 23 turns of second coil, adopts the same coiling direction around two edges that iron core 21 is parallel, first coil 22 establishes ties and sets up between the output of first power module 3 and load, second coil 23 establishes ties and sets up between the output of second power module 4 and load.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the phase shift control module 1 further includes a DSP module, and the DSP module controls the PWM pin to send out 2 pulses with phase shift Δ t, and obtains the excitation signal time difference Δ t after shaping, isolation and amplification by the phase shift control module 1.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention further comprises a calculating module, electrically connected to the phase shift control module 1, for calculating Δ t according to a built-in formula and transmitting Δ t to the phase shift control module 1.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the phase shift control module 1 further includes a second phase shift control module, which is respectively connected to the G terminal of the second power device 32 and the G terminal of the fourth power device 42, and configured to control the time difference of the excitation signals of the second power device 32 and the fourth power device 42.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the iron core 21 is formed by splicing a U-shaped section with an I-shaped section, the U-shaped section has an opening facing the I-shaped section, and an air gap is provided between the U-shaped section and the I-shaped section for preventing ferrite from being magnetically saturated.
In the invention, the phase-shifting control module is adopted to control the current-applying time of the power modules, so that the controllable parallel connection of the current difference of the multiple power modules is realized, and the current equalizing problem caused by the parameter difference of devices in the direct parallel connection of the traditional power modules is solved; the common-mode differential-mode integrated inductor is adopted, differential mode current delta I in a delta t period is restrained, and the inverter outputs 0 level in the period; the phase-shifting control module and the common mode differential mode integrated inductor are adopted, dv/dt borne by a load is reduced, the probability of corona breakdown of a load winding is reduced, and the problem that a power module is prone to failure is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a current phase-shifting parallel circuit;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a common mode differential mode integrated inductor;
FIG. 3 is a waveform schematic diagram of a current phase-shifting parallel circuit;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a direct parallel configuration of devices;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a device direct shunt waveform.
Detailed Description
In the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention, reference is made to the accompanying drawings that form a part hereof, and in which is shown by way of illustration, specific features of the invention, such that the advantages and features of the invention may be more readily understood and appreciated. The following description is an embodiment of the claimed invention, and other embodiments not specifically described in connection with the claims also fall within the scope of the claims.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a current phase-shifting parallel circuit;
as shown in fig. 1, a current phase-shifting parallel circuit comprises an inverter circuit, a phase-shifting control module 1 and a common-mode differential-mode integrated inductor 2, wherein the inverter circuit comprises a filter capacitor, a first power module 3, a second power module 4 and a load 5, the two filter capacitors are connected in series between a positive electrode and a negative electrode of a direct current side, and a neutral point is formed between the two filter capacitors; the first power module 3 comprises a first power device 31 and a second power device 32, wherein a C end of the first power device 31 is used as an anode input end of the first power module 3 and is connected with an anode of a direct-current power supply, an E end of the first power device 31 is connected with a C end of the second power device 32 to form an output end of the first power module 3, and an E end of the second power device 32 is used as a cathode input end of the first power module 3 and is connected with a cathode of a direct-current side; the second power module 4 comprises a third power device 41 and a fourth power device 42, wherein a C end of the third power device 41 is used as an anode input end of the second power module 4 and is connected with an anode of a direct-current power supply, an E end of the third power device 41 is connected with a C end of the fourth power device 42 to form an output end of the second power module 4, and an E end of the fourth power device 42 is used as a cathode input end of the second power module 4 and is connected with a cathode of the direct-current power supply; one end of the load 5 is connected with the output end of the first power module 3 and the output end of the second power module 4, and the other end of the load is connected with a neutral point of the capacitor; the phase shift control module 1 is respectively connected to the G terminal of the first power device 31 and the G terminal of the third power device 41, and is configured to control a time difference between excitation signals of the first power device 31 and the third power device 41; common mode differential mode integrated inductor 2 includes iron core 21, first coil 22 and second coil 23, iron core 21 has two parallel edges, first coil 22 equals with the 23 turns of second coil, adopts the same coiling direction around two edges that iron core 21 is parallel, first coil 22 establishes ties and sets up between the output of first power module 3 and load, second coil 23 establishes ties and sets up between the output of second power module 4 and load.
The filter capacitor neutral is known as the N potential (neutral) of the circuit, which is half the total Ud voltage.
The phase-shifting control module 1 is an electronic device capable of controlling a current switch, a driving signal G is divided into two paths of driving signals G1 and G2 through the phase-shifting control module 1, the G1 transmits a signal to the first power device 31, the G2 transmits a signal to the third power device 41, the phases of the G1 and the G1 are the same, the G2 delays the G by delta t time, namely, the time difference of an excitation signal, and the phase-shifting control module 1 can control the delta t time.
The common mode differential mode integrated inductor 2 is a component providing inductive impedance in a circuit, magnetic chains generated by common mode current flowing through the common mode differential mode integrated inductor 2 are mutually counteracted, and only leakage magnetic flux acts, so that the common mode inductor is very small; for the differential mode current flowing through the common mode differential mode integrated inductor 2, magnetic linkage can be generated in the iron core 21, and because the air gap of the common mode differential mode integrated inductor 2 is small, the magnetic linkage generated by the differential mode is large, the corresponding differential mode inductor Ld is large, and the differential mode inductor is dozens of times of the common mode inductor.
The first coil 22 and the second coil 23 are wires wound around the iron core 21 to form a ring shape, and are used for transmitting electric (magnetic) energy, information and realizing a wire product for electromagnetic energy conversion.
The power device refers to a high-power electronic device (such as an IGBT, an IGCT, siC, and the like) used for an electric energy conversion and control circuit of electric power equipment, and generally has a nominal current of several tens to several thousands of amperes and a voltage of several hundreds to several kilovolts.
When the circuit shown in fig. 1 operates, the driving signal G is divided into two driving signals G1 by the phase shift control module 1 to transmit signals to the first power device 31, G2 to transmit signals to the third power device 41, the phases of G1 and G are the same, G2 is delayed by Δ t time than G, and if there is a difference Δ I between the currents flowing through the first coil 22 and the second coil 23, the difference mode current Δ I establishes a flux linkage in the iron core 21. Load current IL = I1+ I2, and offset current Δ I exists between I1 and I2, so the currents borne by the two power modules are respectively: i1=1/2IL + Δ I, I2=1/2IL- Δ I. Wherein, Δ I is differential mode current, and the relationship between Δ I and DC voltage Ud, phase shift time Δ t and differential mode inductance Ld is as follows:
the inverter outputs a 0 level due to the phase shift time Δ t, so dv/dt can be reduced. Since the conventional parallel output UO level varies from +1/2Ud to-1/2 Ud, the amount of change in dv is Ud. The invention has time difference of delta t, so the dv change of Uo is only 1/2Ud, i.e. middle0 potential is between +1/2 Ud-0 to-1/2 Ud. The setting of Δ t is related to the power device type selection, and assuming that the nominal current of the power device is Ipower, the formula
The calculated Δ I usually does not exceed Ipower 0.5, with a built-in formula stored in the calculation block:
thus, values of Ipower, ld and Ud are designed in advance, the K value is usually between 0.95 and 1.05, and the maximum delta t can be obtained by calculation. As long as the delay time is not more than delta t, the power device can be ensured to work in a safe area. The precise time delay of the delta t is realized by a DSP, a calculation module transmits the calculated delta t to a DSP module, a PWM pin of the DSP module sends 2 pulses with phase shift delta t, and the signals of two paths G1 and G2 are obtained after shaping and isolation amplification of a phase shift circuit, and the phase delay time of the signals G1 and G2 is delta t. Therefore, the delta t can be adjusted by software, the delta t can be controlled, namely the delta I can be controlled in a safety area, the final purpose dv/dt can be controlled, and the insulation stress of the motor load winding does not need to bear the complete direct-current bus voltage, but only needs to bear half of the direct-current bus voltage.
In the invention, the phase-shifting control module 1 is adopted to control the current-applying time of the power modules, so that the controllable parallel connection of the current difference of the multiple power modules is realized, and the problem that the current sharing is uncontrollable in a dynamic state and a static state due to the parameter difference of devices in the direct parallel connection of the traditional power modules is solved.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a common mode differential mode integrated inductor.
As shown in fig. 2, the iron core 21 is formed by splicing a U-shaped section with an I-shaped section, and the opening of the U-shaped section faces the I-shaped section.
The iron core 21 is a transformer made of silicon steel sheet, which is a magnetic substance with strong magnetic conductivity, and can generate larger magnetic induction intensity in an electrified coil, thereby reducing the volume of the transformer.
The "U" section means that a part of the iron core 21 is in a "U" shape, and two parallel ends are used for winding the first coil 22 and the second coil 23.
The I-shaped section means that a part of the iron core 21 is in an I shape, and the direct distance between the I-shaped section and the U-shaped section is the air gap delta of the iron core 21.
The air gap is formed in the iron core, so that the ferrite is mainly prevented from being subjected to magnetic saturation, and the inductor does not work after the ferrite is subjected to magnetic saturation.
When the inductor shown in fig. 2 operates, flux linkages generated by common mode currents flowing through the inductor cancel each other, only leakage magnetic flux acts, so that the common mode inductance Lm is very small, when there is a difference Δ I between currents flowing through the two coils, the differential mode current Δ I establishes flux linkages in the iron core 21, and when the differential mode flux linkages are large, the differential mode inductance Ld becomes large because of a small air gap, and is generally several tens times as large as the common mode inductance.
In the invention, the differential mode inductance Ld in the common mode differential mode integrated inductor 2 is larger, so that the deviation current delta I is effectively reduced, the common mode inductance Lm is very small, the problem of large output voltage loss in the operation process is solved, and the operation performance of a system is hardly influenced.
Fig. 3 is a waveform diagram of a current phase-shifting parallel circuit.
As shown in fig. 3, in an embodiment of the present invention, at time t0, G is high, G1 is in phase with G, the first power device 31 is connected, the G2 delay Δ t is high, and since the first power device 31 and the second power device 32 of the first power module 3 are interlocked and the third power device 41 and the fourth power device 42 of the second power module 4 are interlocked, at this time, the third power device 41 is disconnected, the fourth power device 42 is connected, the voltage of the first coil 22 and the second coil 23 is (+ 1/2 Ud) - (-1/2 Ud) = Ud, and the voltage of the output Uo of the common mode and differential mode integrated inductor 2 is 0.
At the time of t1, after the phase shift control module 1 controls the time delay Δ t, the fourth power device 42 is turned off, and the third power device 41 is turned on, so that the first power device 31 and the third power device 41 are simultaneously connected, at this time, the voltages of the first coil 22 and the second coil 23 are 0, and the output Uo of the common mode and differential mode integrated inductor 2 is +1/2Ud.
At the time t2, the first power device 31 is disconnected, the third power device 41 is still in a connected state, the voltage of the first coil 22 and the voltage of the second coil 23 are-Ud, and the output Uo of the common mode and differential mode integrated inductor 2 is 0.
At the time t3, G1 and G2 are both at low level, the voltage of the first coil 22 and the second coil 23 is 0, and the output Uo of the common mode and differential mode integrated inductor 2 is-1/2 Ud, because the second power device 32 and the fourth power device 42 are connected at this time.
the loop starts at time t4, i.e., the circuit waveform at time t0 starts again.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a direct parallel configuration of devices.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a device direct shunt waveform.
As can be seen from the schematic diagrams shown in FIGS. 3-5, the voltage variation of the conventional direct parallel load 5 is from-1/2 Ud to +1/2Ud, while the voltage variation of the load 5 of the present invention is from 0 to + -1/2Ud, so that dv/dt is reduced by half.
In the concrete embodiment, according to the method,
the power device adopts two IGBT half-bridge modules of 450A to be connected in parallel, and can continuously output the current of 500A. In the actually wound inductor of the present case, the differential-mode inductance value is about 0.55mH, the common-mode inductance is only 0.04mH, and the air gap is controlled to be 1mm (the specific size needs to be designed according to each different hardware circuit). The dead time of the inverter is set to be 4us, delta t is respectively set to be 20us, 50us and 80us for testing, the inductive current can be basically controlled within 250A, and delta I is increased along with the increase of delta t, but the peak value is not better to exceed 250A. When the solution of the present case is not used, dv up to 600v, dt is normally considered in 5 mus, dv/dt being 120V/mus, for applications in motor systems above a few hundred kW. Because most low-voltage motor windings are wound by common enameled wires, and the number of turns of a motor with hundreds of kW is usually slightly less, the high dv/dt easily causes the windings to be burnt.
In the invention, the phase-shifting control module 1 and the common-mode differential mode integrated inductor 2 are adopted, the dv/dt borne by a load is reduced, the probability of corona breakdown of a load winding is reduced, and the problem that a power module is easy to lose efficacy is solved.
In the invention, the phase-shifting control module is adopted to control the current-applying time of the power modules, so that the controllable parallel connection of the current difference of the multiple power modules is realized, and the current equalizing problem caused by the parameter difference of devices in the direct parallel connection of the traditional power modules is solved; by adopting the common-mode differential-mode integrated inductor, differential-mode current delta I in a delta t period is inhibited, and the inverter outputs 0 level in the period; the phase-shifting control module and the common mode differential mode integrated inductor are adopted, dv/dt borne by a load is reduced, the probability of corona breakdown of a load winding is reduced, and the problem that a power module is prone to failure is solved.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that those skilled in the art will be able to design alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim.
Claims (4)
1. A current phase-shift parallel circuit is characterized by comprising an inverter circuit, a phase-shift control module (1) and a common-mode differential-mode integrated inductor (2),
wherein, the inverter circuit comprises a filter capacitor, a first power module (3), a second power module (4) and a load (5),
the two filter capacitors are connected in series between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the direct current power supply, and a neutral point is arranged between the two filter capacitors;
the first power module (3) comprises a first power device and a second power device, wherein the end C of the first power device is used as the positive input end of the first power module (3) and is connected with the positive pole of a direct-current power supply, the end E of the first power device is connected with the end C of the second power device to form the output end of the first power module (3), the end E of the second power device is used as the negative input end of the first power module (3) and is connected with the negative pole of the direct-current power supply,
the first power device is interlocked with the second power device;
the second power module (4) comprises a third power device and a fourth power device, wherein the end C of the third power device is used as the positive input end of the second power module (4) and is connected with the positive electrode of the direct-current power supply, the end E of the third power device is connected with the end C of the fourth power device to form the output end of the second power module (4), the end E of the fourth power device is used as the negative input end of the second power module (4) and is connected with the negative electrode of the direct-current power supply,
the third power device is interlocked with a fourth power device;
the phase-shifting control module (1) is provided with two output ends which are respectively connected with the G end of the first power device and the G end of the third power device and used for controlling the first power device and the third power device;
the common mode and differential mode integrated inductor (2) comprises an iron core, a first coil (21) and a second coil (22), wherein the iron core is provided with two parallel edges,
the first coil (21) and the second coil (22) have the same number of turns and are wound on two parallel edges of the iron core in the same winding direction,
one end of the load (5) is connected with the output end of the first power module (3) through the first coil (21) and is connected with the output end of the second power module (4) through the second coil (22), the other end of the load is connected with the neutral point of the capacitor,
the driving signal is divided into two branches of driving signals through the phase shift control module (1), the first branch of driving signal is transmitted to the G end of a first power device in the first power module (3), the second branch of driving signal is transmitted to the G end of a third power device in the second power module (4), the phase of the first branch of driving signal is the same as that of the driving signal, the second branch of driving signal is delayed for delta t time than the driving signal,
the maximum time delay delta t is calculated by the following formula
Wherein Ipower is the nominal current of the power device, K is 0.95-1.05, ud is direct current voltage, and Ld is the differential mode inductance of the common mode differential mode integrated inductance (2).
2. The current-phase-shifting parallel circuit according to claim 1,
the phase shift control module (1) further comprises a DSP module, wherein the DSP module controls the PWM pin to send out 2 pulses with phase shift, the first shunt driving signal and the second shunt driving signal are obtained after shaping, isolation and amplification are carried out on the pulses by the phase shift control module, and the phase of the first shunt driving signal and the phase of the second shunt driving signal correspond to the time of delta t delay.
3. The current phase-shifting parallel circuit according to claim 1,
the device also comprises a calculation module which is electrically connected with the phase-shifting control module (1) and used for calculating the delay delta t according to a built-in formula and transmitting the delay delta t to the phase-shifting control module (1).
4. The current phase-shifting parallel circuit according to claim 1,
the iron core is formed by splicing an I-shaped section with a U-shaped section, the opening of the U-shaped section faces to the I-shaped section, and an air gap is formed between the U-shaped section and the I-shaped section for preventing the ferrite from being magnetically saturated.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107947347A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-04-20 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of Modular UPS with coupling inductance |
| CN108352789A (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2018-07-31 | 华为技术有限公司 | Multichannel inverter system |
| CN109742969A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2019-05-10 | 北京机械设备研究所 | One kind being based on magnetic-coupled three-phase inverter |
| CN112448605A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-03-05 | 深圳英飞源技术有限公司 | Inverter circuit based on coupling transformer |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9701208B2 (en) * | 2011-06-01 | 2017-07-11 | Fh Joanneum Gmbh | Inverter |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108352789A (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2018-07-31 | 华为技术有限公司 | Multichannel inverter system |
| CN107947347A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-04-20 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of Modular UPS with coupling inductance |
| CN109742969A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2019-05-10 | 北京机械设备研究所 | One kind being based on magnetic-coupled three-phase inverter |
| CN112448605A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-03-05 | 深圳英飞源技术有限公司 | Inverter circuit based on coupling transformer |
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