CN113162382B - Surge current suppression circuit - Google Patents

Surge current suppression circuit Download PDF

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CN113162382B
CN113162382B CN202110430418.6A CN202110430418A CN113162382B CN 113162382 B CN113162382 B CN 113162382B CN 202110430418 A CN202110430418 A CN 202110430418A CN 113162382 B CN113162382 B CN 113162382B
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resistor
electrode
circuit
switch tube
diode
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Mornsun Guangzhou Science and Technology Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

The invention provides a surge current suppression circuit which comprises a constant current circuit, a bias circuit and a detection circuit, wherein the constant current circuit is used for detecting and regulating output current, the output current is maintained to be a constant value, the detection circuit is used for detecting the potential difference of a capacitor to a reference ground, and when the potential difference of the two ends is smaller than a set value, a switching tube of a switching circuit is automatically closed to finish starting time sequence. By adopting the constant current circuit, the starting circuit can generate approximately constant output current under the condition of high and low voltage input, and charge the capacitor, so that the input surge current is restrained and the circuit is started quickly.

Description

Surge current suppression circuit
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of switching power supplies, in particular to a surge current suppression circuit of a switching power supply.
Background
The switching power supply device assumes a short-circuited state at the moment of switching into the ac power network, and draws a large pulse current, called surge current, from the ac power network. The current value is far greater than the normal working current, so that great impact is caused on the alternating current power grid, and misoperation of the alternating current power grid protection switch is easily triggered, so that normal power supply of the alternating current power grid is affected. Meanwhile, huge transient surge current also has negative influence on reliability and service life of devices such as a rectifier bridge, an electrolytic capacitor, a power semiconductor and the like in the switch power supply.
At present, in low-power application occasions, due to cost and size, a thermistor (NTC) is generally used to be connected in series into a circuit, and the negative temperature characteristic of the thermistor is utilized to inhibit instant surge current during starting, so that a schematic block diagram is shown in fig. 1. In the middle and high power application, because the input current is relatively large, in order to reduce the loss of the suppressed device, a scheme of parallel connection of a relay and a resistor or parallel connection of a semiconductor switch tube and a resistor is often used, and the schematic block diagram of the scheme is shown in fig. 2 and 3.
The thermistor approach suffers from the following drawbacks: the thermistor is connected in series in the circuit, and after the circuit works normally, the heat loss still exists and the efficiency of the power supply is affected although the resistance value can be greatly reduced. Meanwhile, the resistance of the thermistor is greatly increased in a low-temperature environment, so that the thermistor is not beneficial to starting under the conditions of low pressure and low temperature, and the resistance of the thermistor is reduced in a high-temperature environment, so that the capability of suppressing surge current is greatly reduced.
The relay and resistor parallel scheme has the defects that: as is well known, a relay is a mechanical device, the contacts inside the relay increase with the number of actions, oxidation of the contacts causes an increase in impedance, and the mechanical relay is not excellent in size and service life and produces mechanical noise during operation. Second, relay control logic is relatively complex, and often requires additional use of timers, voltage comparators, and other circuitry to cooperate.
The scheme of parallel connection of the semiconductor switching tube and the resistor uses the semiconductor switching device to replace a mechanical relay, thereby solving the problems of mechanical service life and contact oxidation defect of the relay. However, the following disadvantages also exist: when power is on, the surge current is restrained only by virtue of the parallel branch resistors. Because the resistance of the parallel branch is a constant valueTherefore, the charging time sequence of the whole circuit follows the equation of RC charge-discharge equation:
Figure BDA0003031246410000011
from the equation, the exponent value is only infinitely close to 0, but never equal to 0, so that an infinite time value is required for the capacitive charge to fill completely.
When t=rc, ut=0.63 Vu;
when t=2rc, ut=0.86 Vu;
when t=3 RC, ut=0.95 Vu;
when t=4rc, ut=0.98 Vu;
when t=5 RC, ut=0.99 Vu.
From the above equation, it is known that the charging process is basically finished after 3-5 RCs. When the voltage across the capacitor reaches ut=0.63 Vu, the time of charging increases exponentially in the later stage, but the voltage across the capacitor increases slowly, as shown in fig. 4. From the above analysis, it is known that the biggest disadvantage of this scheme is that the charging time of the capacitor is too long, which results in slow start of the subsequent circuit. In many application occasions, in order to meet the technical index requirement of the starting time, the resistance value of the parallel branch needs to be reduced, and the inhibition capability to the surge current is reduced in turn, so that the two advantages cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides a surge current suppression circuit, which adopts a constant current circuit to charge a capacitor, so that the voltage and the charging time at two ends of the capacitor follow the equation: ut=t I/C, i.e. the voltage across the capacitor increases in linear proportion to the charging time, thus achieving suppression of the input surge current and rapid circuit start.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
an inrush current suppression circuit, characterized by: the constant current circuit is connected in series with the positive electrode of the capacitor or in series with the negative electrode of the capacitor, the input end of the detection circuit is connected with the output end of the constant current circuit, the output end of the detection circuit is connected with the input end of the switching circuit, the output end of the switching circuit is connected with the input end of the constant current circuit, the constant current circuit is used for detecting and adjusting the charging current of the capacitor, the detection circuit is used for detecting the potential difference of the capacitor to the reference ground, and when the potential difference of the two ends is smaller than a set value, the switching tube of the switching circuit is controlled to be closed and conducted to finish starting time sequence.
As a specific embodiment of the constant current circuit, the constant current circuit is characterized in that: the constant current circuit comprises a switching tube Q1, a switching tube Q2, a resistor R1 and a resistor R2, wherein the drain electrode of the switching tube Q1 is the output end of the constant current circuit, the source electrode of the switching tube Q1 is connected with the base electrode of the switching tube Q2 and one end of the resistor R2, the grid electrode of the switching tube Q1 is connected with the collector electrode of the switching tube Q2 and one end of the resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R1 is the input end of the constant current circuit, and the other end of the resistor R2 and the emitter electrode of the switching tube Q2 are connected with the ground GND.
As a specific embodiment of the detection circuit, the detection circuit is characterized in that: the detection circuit comprises a switch tube Q4, a resistor R4 and a diode D1, wherein the collector electrode of the switch tube Q4 is the output end of the detection circuit, the emitter electrode of the switch tube Q4 is connected with the ground GND, the base electrode of the switch tube Q4 is connected with the anode of the diode D1, the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with one end of the resistor R4, and the other end of the resistor R4 is the input end of the detection circuit.
As a specific embodiment of the above switch circuit, it is characterized in that: the switching circuit comprises a resistor R3, a diode D2 and a switching tube Q3, wherein the grid electrode of the switching tube Q3 is connected with the cathode of the diode D2 and one end of the resistor R3, the other end of the resistor R3 is an output end of the switching circuit, the source electrode of the switching tube Q3 and the anode of the diode D2 are connected with the ground GND, and the drain electrode of the switching tube Q3 is an input end of the switching circuit.
Preferably, the gate drive voltages of the switching transistors Q1 and Q3 are provided by a direct voltage input HVDC.
Preferably, the gate driving voltages of the switching transistors Q1 and Q3 are provided by an external gate driving voltage input terminal GS-1.
Preferably, the gate driving voltage of the switching tube Q1 is provided by the dc voltage input terminal HVDC, and the gate driving voltage of the switching tube Q3 is provided by the external gate driving voltage input terminal GS-2.
As a first embodiment of the inrush current suppression circuit, it is characterized in that: the constant-current circuit comprises a switching tube Q1, a switching tube Q2, a resistor R1 and a resistor R2, the detection circuit comprises a switching tube Q4, a resistor R4 and a diode D1, and the switching circuit comprises a resistor R3, a diode D2 and a switching tube Q3;
the drain electrode of the switch tube Q1 is connected with the negative electrode of the capacitor C1, the source electrode of the switch tube Q1 is connected with the base electrode of the switch tube Q2 and one end of the resistor R2, the grid electrode of the switch tube Q1 is connected with the collector electrode of the switch tube Q2 and one end of the resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the direct-current voltage input end HVDC, the other end of the resistor R2 and the emitter electrode of the switch tube Q2 are connected with the ground GND, the grid electrode of the switch tube Q3 is connected with the cathode electrode of the diode D2 and one end of the resistor R3, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with the direct-current voltage input end HVDC, the source electrode of the switch tube Q3 and the anode electrode of the diode D2 are connected with the ground GND, the emitter electrode of the switch tube Q4 is connected with the ground GND, the base electrode of the switch tube Q4 is connected with the anode electrode of the diode D1, the cathode electrode of the diode D1 is connected with one end of the resistor R4, and the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with the negative electrode of the capacitor C1.
As a second embodiment of the inrush current suppression circuit, it is characterized in that: the constant-current circuit comprises a switching tube Q1, a switching tube Q2, a resistor R1 and a resistor R2, the detection circuit comprises a switching tube Q4, a resistor R4 and a diode D1, and the switching circuit comprises a resistor R3, a diode D2 and a switching tube Q3;
the drain electrode of the switch tube Q1 is connected with the negative electrode of the capacitor C1, the source electrode of the switch tube Q1 is connected with the base electrode of the switch tube Q2 and one end of the resistor R2, the grid electrode of the switch tube Q1 is connected with the collector electrode of the switch tube Q2 and one end of the resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the external grid driving voltage input end GS-1, the grid electrode of the switch tube Q3 is connected with the cathode electrode of the diode D2 and one end of the resistor R3, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with the external grid driving voltage input end GS-1, the source electrode of the switch tube Q3 and the anode electrode of the diode D2 are connected with the ground GND, the drain electrode of the switch tube Q3 is connected with the negative electrode of the capacitor C1, the collector electrode of the switch tube Q4 is connected with the cathode electrode of the diode D2, the emitter electrode of the switch tube Q4 is connected with the ground GND 1, the base electrode of the switch tube Q4 is connected with the anode electrode of the diode D1 and one end of the resistor R4.
As a third embodiment of the inrush current suppression circuit, it is characterized in that: the constant-current circuit comprises a switching tube Q1, a switching tube Q2, a resistor R1 and a resistor R2, the detection circuit comprises a switching tube Q4, a resistor R4 and a diode D1, and the switching circuit comprises a resistor R3, a diode D2 and a switching tube Q3;
the drain electrode of the switch tube Q1 is connected with a direct-current voltage input end HVDC, the source electrode of the switch tube Q1 is connected with one end of a resistor R2, the other end of the resistor R2, the base electrode of the switch tube Q2 and the emitter electrode of the switch tube Q2 are connected with the positive electrode of a capacitor C1, the collector electrode of the switch tube Q2 is connected with the grid electrode of the switch tube Q1 and one end of the resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the direct-current voltage input end HVDC, the grid electrode of the switch tube Q3 is connected with the cathode of a diode D2 and one end of the resistor R3, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with an external grid driving voltage input end GS-2, the source electrode of the switch tube Q3 and the anode of the diode D2 are connected with a reference ground GND-1, the collector electrode of the switch tube Q4 is connected with the reference ground GND-1, the base electrode of the switch tube Q4 is connected with one end of the resistor R4, one end of the resistor R4 is connected with the anode of the diode D1, and the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the direct-current voltage input end.
The invention adopts a constant current circuit to replace a conventional RC circuit to charge a capacitor, and is assisted by a detection circuit and a switch circuit. When the capacitor is electrified, the constant current circuit outputs constant current to charge the capacitor, so that the voltage at two ends of the capacitor is linearly proportional to the charging time; when the detection circuit detects that the voltage difference of the capacitor to the reference ground is smaller than a set value, a switching tube inside the switching circuit is automatically closed to reduce the loss of the circuit.
The working principle of the present invention will be analyzed in connection with specific embodiments, and will not be described here in detail. The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) Long service life, low power consumption and no noise
The switching tube is used for replacing a mechanical relay, the problems of no contact oxidation and mechanical noise are solved due to no limit of the service life of the mechanical switching operation times, meanwhile, the driving power consumption of the switching device is lower, the driving current is only in the mu A level, and the driving current is far lower than the mA level of the mechanical relay.
(2) Flexible setting of charging current
The output current of the constant current circuit can be flexibly set according to different starting time requirements and capacitance values, and the current value output by the constant current circuit can be changed by changing the value of the resistor R2.
(3) Quick start of circuit
The circuit capacitor is charged in a constant current manner, the switching tube Q1 works in the amplifying region before the starting of the later-stage circuit is completed, the impedance in the field effect tube can be automatically adjusted according to the voltage difference between the negative electrode of the output capacitor C1 and the GND (ground reference), the output current is kept constant, and the linear proportional increase of the capacitor voltage and the charging time is realized.
(4) The circuit structure is simple
The circuit only comprises 3 simple unit circuits to form a complete closed-loop control system, and charging current constant control and automatic on-off control logic time sequence of the switch circuit can be realized without using a complex timer, a current amplifier and a voltage comparator circuit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an NTC scheme;
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a relay resistor parallel scheme;
FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a parallel scheme of semiconductor switching tube resistors;
FIG. 4 is a timing diagram of RC charge for a half-transistor resistor parallel scheme;
FIG. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a first embodiment of an inrush current suppression circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a timing diagram of a capacitor constant current charge in accordance with a first embodiment of the inrush current suppression circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of a second embodiment of an inrush current suppression circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic circuit diagram of a third embodiment of an inrush current suppression circuit of the present invention;
description of the reference numerals
VBE triode base, collector turn-on voltage (about 0.6-0.7V);
HVDC direct voltage input;
GND ground;
the voltage values at any moment at the two ends of the Ut capacitor;
i, working current of the constant current circuit;
the charging time of the T constant current circuit;
the second embodiment of GS-1 has a gate drive voltage input terminal;
the GS-2 third embodiment has a gate drive voltage input;
GND-1 is referenced to ground;
voltage regulation of VZ zener diode.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent.
First embodiment
As shown in fig. 5, an inrush current suppression circuit for suppressing an input inrush current and rapidly starting the circuit includes: the constant current circuit 101, the detection circuit 102 and the switch circuit 103, the constant current circuit 101 is connected in series between the direct current voltage input end HVDC and the negative electrode of the capacitor C1, the input end of the detection circuit 102 is connected with the output end of the constant current circuit 101, the output end of the detection circuit 102 is connected with the input end of the switch circuit 103, the output end of the switch circuit 103 is connected with the input end of the constant current circuit 101, the constant current circuit 101 is used for detecting and adjusting the charging current of the capacitor C1, the detection circuit 102 is used for detecting the potential difference of the negative electrode of the capacitor C1 to the reference ground, and when the potential difference of the two ends is smaller than a set value, the switch tube of the switch circuit is controlled to be closed and conducted so as to complete the starting time sequence.
The constant current circuit 101 comprises a switching tube Q1, a switching tube Q2, a resistor R1 and a resistor R2, wherein the drain electrode of the switching tube Q1 is the output end of the constant current circuit 101, the source electrode of the switching tube Q1 is connected with the base electrode of the switching tube Q2 and one end of the resistor R2, the grid electrode of the switching tube Q1 is connected with the collector electrode of the switching tube Q2 and one end of the resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R1 is the input end of the constant current circuit 101, and the other end of the resistor R2 and the emitter electrode of the switching tube Q2 are connected with the ground GND.
The switching tube Q1 is a field effect tube, adopts a common source electrode connection method, and correspondingly can adopt IGBT and triode power devices as equivalent substitutes; the switching tube Q2 is an NPN triode and adopts a common emitter connection method; at start-up, both switching tube Q1 and switching tube Q2 operate in the amplifying region.
The detection circuit 102 comprises a switch tube Q4, a resistor R4 and a diode D1, wherein the collector electrode of the switch tube Q4 is the output end of the detection circuit 102, the emitter electrode of the switch tube Q4 is connected with the ground GND, the base electrode of the switch tube Q4 is connected with the anode of the diode D1, the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with one end of the resistor R4, and the other end of the resistor R4 is the input end of the detection circuit 102.
The switching tube Q4 is an NPN triode, and adopts a common emitter connection method, and accordingly, a field effect tube can be adopted for equivalent substitution according to the requirements of a switching power supply product.
The switch circuit 103 comprises a resistor R3, a diode D2 and a switch tube Q3, wherein the grid electrode of the switch tube Q3 is connected with the cathode of the diode D2 and one end of the resistor R3, the other end of the resistor R3 is the output end of the switch circuit 103, the source electrode of the switch tube Q3 and the anode of the diode D2 are connected with the ground GND, and the drain electrode of the switch tube Q3 is the input end of the switch circuit 103.
The switching tube Q3 is a field effect tube, adopts a common source electrode connection method, and correspondingly can adopt IGBT and triode power devices as equivalent substitutes; before the constant current circuit finishes the charging time sequence, the switching tube Q3 works in the cut-off area; when the constant current circuit completes the charging sequence, the switching tube Q3 works in the saturation region.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
after the circuit is electrified, a direct-current voltage input end HVDC provides grid bias voltage for a switching tube Q1 in a constant-current circuit 101, when the grid voltage of the switching tube Q1 is built and reaches a required starting voltage threshold value of the switching tube Q1, the constant-current circuit 101 starts to work, constant current is output to form a closed loop through a resistor R1 and a resistor R2 to a reference ground GND, meanwhile, the potential difference between the base electrode and the collector electrode of the switching tube Q2 detects the potential difference between the two ends of the resistor R2, when the potential difference between the two ends of the resistor R2 exceeds a VBE threshold value of the switching tube Q2, the switching tube Q2 starts to enter an amplifying region, the circuit follows the magnitude of a detection current value, and the grid driving voltage of the switching tube Q1 is regulated, so that the switching tube Q1 works in the amplifying region and internal impedance is automatically regulated, and the constant output of the current of the circuit is maintained.
The current value output by the constant current circuit follows the following equation: i=vbe/R1, and the output current of the constant current circuit can be set by modifying the parameter of the resistor R2.
Meanwhile, the direct-current voltage input end HVDC supplies grid bias voltage to a switching tube Q3 in the switching circuit 103 through a constant-current circuit and a resistor R3, the potential difference between the negative electrode of a capacitor C1 and a reference ground CND is larger than the critical breakdown voltage of a diode D1 at the beginning of power-on, the diode D1 is in a conducting state, a switching tube Q4 works in a saturation region, and the grid voltage of the switching tube Q3 is set to be low level and is in a cut-off state.
As the charging time increases, when the potential difference between the negative electrode of the capacitor C1 and the ground GND is smaller than the set value, that is, smaller than the critical breakdown voltage of the diode D1, the diode D1 is turned off, and the switching tube Q4 is turned off. The grid electrode of the switching tube Q3 is restored to be high level, the switching tube Q3 works in a saturation region, and the surge suppression circuit completes the starting time sequence.
The diode D1 is a zener diode, and the threshold value for opening and closing the switching circuit can be set by selecting the voltage stabilizing parameter values Vz of different zener diodes D1.
According to the invention, a constant-current charging mode is used for the circuit capacitor C1, so that the switching tube Q1 works in an amplifying region before the starting of a later-stage circuit is finished, and the impedance in the field effect tube can be automatically adjusted according to the voltage difference between the negative electrode of the capacitor C1 and the reference ground GND, so that the output current is kept constant, and the voltage and the charging time at two ends of the capacitor C1 follow the equation: ut=t×i/C, so that the capacitor voltage increases in linear proportion to the charging time, and the timing chart of charging is shown in fig. 6.
Second embodiment
As shown in fig. 7, which is a schematic circuit diagram of the surge current suppression circuit in this embodiment, the constant current circuit 101, the detection circuit 102 and the switch circuit 103, the constant current circuit 101 is connected in series between the direct current voltage input end HVDC and the negative electrode of the capacitor C1, the input end of the detection circuit 102 is connected to the output end of the constant current circuit 101, the output end of the detection circuit 102 is connected to the input end of the switch circuit 103, and the output end of the switch circuit 103 is connected to the input end of the constant current circuit 101.
The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the gate driving voltages of the switching transistor Q1 of the constant current circuit 101 and the switching transistor Q3 of the switching circuit are provided by the external gate driving voltage input terminal GS-1. The working principle of this embodiment is similar to that of the first embodiment, and will not be described here again.
Third embodiment
As shown in fig. 8, a circuit schematic diagram of the surge current suppression circuit in this embodiment is shown, the constant current circuit 101, the detection circuit 102 and the switch circuit 103 are connected in series between the direct current voltage input end HVDC and the positive electrode of the capacitor C1, the input end of the detection circuit 102 is connected with the output end of the constant current circuit 101, the output end of the detection circuit 102 is connected with the input end of the switch circuit 103, and the output end of the switch circuit 103 is connected with the input end of the constant current circuit 101.
The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the constant current circuit 101 is connected in series between the direct current voltage input end HVDC and the positive electrode of the capacitor C1, and a set of voltages GS-2 and GND-1 for isolating the gate driving are added, the gate driving voltage of the switching tube Q1 in the constant current circuit 101 is provided by the direct current voltage input end HVDC, and the gate driving voltage of the switching tube Q3 in the switching circuit 103 is provided by the external gate driving voltage input end GS-2, wherein GND-1 and GND are two different references.
The constant current circuit 101 is used for detecting and adjusting the charging current of the capacitor C1, the detection circuit 102 is used for detecting the potential difference between the positive electrode of the capacitor C1 and the reference ground CND, and when the potential difference between the two ends is smaller than a set value, the switching tube of the switching circuit is controlled to be closed and conducted, so that the starting time sequence is completed. The remaining working principles and details are explained in detail in the first embodiment of the present invention, and are not repeated here.
The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In addition, many modifications and variations may be made to adapt a particular situation to the teachings of the present invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and such adaptations and variations are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. An inrush current suppression circuit, characterized by: the constant current circuit is connected in series with the positive electrode of the capacitor or in series with the negative electrode of the capacitor, the input end of the detection circuit is connected with the output end of the constant current circuit, the output end of the detection circuit is connected with the input end of the switching circuit, the output end of the switching circuit is connected with the input end of the constant current circuit, the constant current circuit is used for detecting and adjusting the charging current of the capacitor, when the constant current circuit is electrified, the constant current is output by the constant current circuit to charge the capacitor, the voltage at two ends of the capacitor is linearly proportional to the charging time, the detection circuit is used for detecting the potential difference of the capacitor to the reference ground, and when the potential difference of the detected capacitor to the reference ground is smaller than a set value, the switching tube of the switching circuit is controlled to be closed and conducted, and the starting time sequence is completed;
the constant current circuit comprises a switching tube Q1, a switching tube Q2, a resistor R1 and a resistor R2, wherein the drain electrode of the switching tube Q1 is the output end of the constant current circuit, the source electrode of the switching tube Q1 is connected with the base electrode of the switching tube Q2 and one end of the resistor R2, the grid electrode of the switching tube Q1 is connected with the collector electrode of the switching tube Q2 and one end of the resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R1 is the input end of the constant current circuit, and the other end of the resistor R2 and the emitter electrode of the switching tube Q2 are connected with the ground GND.
2. The inrush current suppression circuit of claim 1, wherein: the detection circuit comprises a switch tube Q4, a resistor R4 and a diode D1, wherein the collector electrode of the switch tube Q4 is the output end of the detection circuit, the emitter electrode of the switch tube Q4 is connected with the ground GND, the base electrode of the switch tube Q4 is connected with the anode of the diode D1, the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with one end of the resistor R4, and the other end of the resistor R4 is the input end of the detection circuit.
3. The inrush current suppression circuit of claim 1, wherein: the switching circuit comprises a resistor R3, a diode D2 and a switching tube Q3, wherein the grid electrode of the switching tube Q3 is connected with the cathode of the diode D2 and one end of the resistor R3, the other end of the resistor R3 is an output end of the switching circuit, the source electrode of the switching tube Q3 and the anode of the diode D2 are connected with the ground GND, and the drain electrode of the switching tube Q3 is an input end of the switching circuit.
4. The inrush current suppression circuit of claim 1, wherein: the gate drive voltage of the switching tube Q1 is provided by a direct voltage input HVDC or by an external gate drive voltage input GS-1.
5. The inrush current suppression circuit of claim 3, wherein: the gate drive voltage of the switching tube Q3 is provided by a direct voltage input HVDC or by an external gate drive voltage input GS-1.
6. An inrush current suppression circuit, characterized by: the constant-current circuit comprises a switching tube Q1, a switching tube Q2, a resistor R1 and a resistor R2, the detection circuit comprises a switching tube Q4, a resistor R4 and a diode D1, and the switching circuit comprises a resistor R3, a diode D2 and a switching tube Q3;
the drain electrode of the switch tube Q1 is connected with the negative electrode of the capacitor C1, the source electrode of the switch tube Q1 is connected with the base electrode of the switch tube Q2 and one end of the resistor R2, the grid electrode of the switch tube Q1 is connected with the collector electrode of the switch tube Q2 and one end of the resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the direct-current voltage input end HVDC, the other end of the resistor R2 and the emitter electrode of the switch tube Q2 are connected with the ground GND, the grid electrode of the switch tube Q3 is connected with the cathode electrode of the diode D2 and one end of the resistor R3, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with the direct-current voltage input end HVDC, the source electrode of the switch tube Q3 and the anode electrode of the diode D2 are connected with the ground GND, the emitter electrode of the switch tube Q4 is connected with the ground GND, the base electrode of the switch tube Q4 is connected with the anode electrode of the diode D1, the cathode electrode of the diode D1 is connected with one end of the resistor R4, and the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with the negative electrode of the capacitor C1.
7. An inrush current suppression circuit, characterized by: the constant-current circuit comprises a switching tube Q1, a switching tube Q2, a resistor R1 and a resistor R2, the detection circuit comprises a switching tube Q4, a resistor R4 and a diode D1, and the switching circuit comprises a resistor R3, a diode D2 and a switching tube Q3;
the drain electrode of the switch tube Q1 is connected with the negative electrode of the capacitor C1, the source electrode of the switch tube Q1 is connected with the base electrode of the switch tube Q2 and one end of the resistor R2, the grid electrode of the switch tube Q1 is connected with the collector electrode of the switch tube Q2 and one end of the resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the external grid driving voltage input end GS-1, the grid electrode of the switch tube Q3 is connected with the cathode electrode of the diode D2 and one end of the resistor R3, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with the external grid driving voltage input end GS-1, the source electrode of the switch tube Q3 and the anode electrode of the diode D2 are connected with the ground GND, the drain electrode of the switch tube Q3 is connected with the negative electrode of the capacitor C1, the collector electrode of the switch tube Q4 is connected with the cathode electrode of the diode D2, the emitter electrode of the switch tube Q4 is connected with the ground GND 1, the base electrode of the switch tube Q4 is connected with the anode electrode of the diode D1 and one end of the resistor R4.
8. An inrush current suppression circuit, characterized by: the constant-current circuit comprises a switching tube Q1, a switching tube Q2, a resistor R1 and a resistor R2, the detection circuit comprises a switching tube Q4, a resistor R4 and a diode D1, and the switching circuit comprises a resistor R3, a diode D2 and a switching tube Q3;
the drain electrode of the switch tube Q1 is connected with a direct-current voltage input end HVDC, the source electrode of the switch tube Q1 is connected with one end of a resistor R2, the other end of the resistor R2, the base electrode of the switch tube Q2 and the emitter electrode of the switch tube Q2 are connected with the positive electrode of a capacitor C1, the collector electrode of the switch tube Q2 is connected with the grid electrode of the switch tube Q1 and one end of the resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the direct-current voltage input end HVDC, the grid electrode of the switch tube Q3 is connected with the cathode of a diode D2 and one end of the resistor R3, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with an external grid driving voltage input end GS-2, the source electrode of the switch tube Q3 and the anode of the diode D2 are connected with a reference ground GND-1, the collector electrode of the switch tube Q4 is connected with the reference ground GND-1, the base electrode of the switch tube Q4 is connected with one end of the resistor R4, one end of the resistor R4 is connected with the anode of the diode D1, and the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the direct-current voltage input end.
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