CN113162254A - Multi-stage pulse switching voltage stabilizing circuit and voltage stabilizing method - Google Patents

Multi-stage pulse switching voltage stabilizing circuit and voltage stabilizing method Download PDF

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CN113162254A
CN113162254A CN202110411083.3A CN202110411083A CN113162254A CN 113162254 A CN113162254 A CN 113162254A CN 202110411083 A CN202110411083 A CN 202110411083A CN 113162254 A CN113162254 A CN 113162254A
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circuit
voltage
secondary side
current
capacitor
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CN113162254B (en
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于东升
滑卓
雷娟
夏正龙
俞普德
周浩
王晓明
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Jiangsu Jusheng Electric Technology Co ltd
Nanjing Weizi Technology Co Ltd
China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
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Jiangsu Jusheng Electric Technology Co ltd
Nanjing Weizi Technology Co Ltd
China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/80Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a multistage pulse switching voltage stabilizing circuit and a voltage stabilizing method.A primary side current sampling circuit of the multistage pulse switching voltage stabilizing circuit collects the current of a voltage regulating circuit, a secondary side current sampling circuit and a secondary side voltage sampling circuit respectively collect the current of a rectifying and filtering circuit and output load voltage, and the collected current of the rectifying and filtering circuit and the output load voltage are transmitted to a primary side through a wireless communication module; the control module generates a voltage regulating circuit pulse control signal according to the voltage regulating circuit current, the rectified filter circuit current transmitted to the primary side and the output load voltage. According to the invention, no extra equipment is added in the main circuit, so that the electric energy transmission of the main circuit is not influenced; by applying the wide and narrow pulses to the voltage regulating circuit, the control mode is simple, and the good voltage-stabilizing output can be realized without complex programming setting.

Description

Multi-stage pulse switching voltage stabilizing circuit and voltage stabilizing method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless power transmission, in particular to a multi-level pulse switching voltage stabilizing circuit and a voltage stabilizing method.
Background
The traditional electric energy transmission is mainly point-to-point through a metal wire and belongs to direct contact transmission. The transmission mode uses cable wires as media, and some problems are inevitably generated in the process of power transmission. The electric spark caused by factors such as point discharge and line aging not only increases the line loss, but also greatly reduces the reliability and safety of power supply and shortens the service life of the equipment. In the occasions of oil fields, drilling and mining mines and the like, the traditional power transmission mode is easy to generate tiny electric sparks due to friction, even explodes in serious cases, and serious accidents are caused. Under water, the direct contact of the wires to the power supply also has the risk of electric shock. Wireless power transmission is also called wireless power transmission or non-contact power transmission, and refers to a transmission mode in which electric energy is converted into relay energy of other forms (such as electromagnetic field energy, laser, microwave, mechanical wave and the like) by a transmitter, and the relay energy is converted into electric energy by a receiver after transmission for a certain distance, so as to realize wireless power transmission.
In practical wireless power transmission applications, the input voltage and the output load often fluctuate, and in order to maintain the normal operation of the system, some method is usually selected for voltage stabilization. The voltage stabilizing mode of the existing wireless power transmission device is usually complex, an additional hardware circuit is needed, and the defects of limited anti-interference performance and insufficient real-time performance exist.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the voltage stabilizing mode of the existing wireless electric energy transmission device, the invention provides a multi-stage pulse switching voltage stabilizing circuit and a voltage stabilizing method.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a multistage pulse switching voltage stabilizing circuit which characterized in that: the wireless communication system comprises an input power supply, a voltage regulating circuit, a high-frequency inverter circuit, a resonance coupling circuit, a rectifying and filtering circuit, an output load, a primary side current sampling circuit, a secondary side voltage sampling circuit, a wireless communication module and a control module;
the input power supply provides direct current voltage for the system;
the voltage regulating circuit regulates the direct current voltage of the input power supply and inputs the regulated direct current voltage to the high-frequency inverter circuit;
the high-frequency inverter circuit inverts the direct current electric energy into high-frequency alternating current electric energy and inputs the high-frequency alternating current electric energy to the primary side of the resonant coupling circuit;
the resonant coupling circuit transmits primary electric energy to a secondary side through a high-frequency electromagnetic field, and the primary electric energy is input into the rectifying and filtering circuit from the secondary side;
the rectification filter circuit converts the high-frequency alternating current electric energy into direct current electric energy and transmits the direct current electric energy to an output load;
the primary side current sampling circuit collects the current of the voltage regulating circuit, the secondary side current sampling circuit and the secondary side voltage sampling circuit respectively collect the current of the rectifying and filtering circuit and the output load voltage, and the collected current of the rectifying and filtering circuit and the output load voltage are transmitted to the primary side through the wireless communication module;
the control module generates a voltage regulating circuit pulse control signal according to the voltage regulating circuit current, the rectified filter circuit current transmitted to the primary side and the output load voltage.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention transmits the current of the rectifying and filtering circuit and the output load voltage collected at the secondary side to the primary side through the wireless communication module, the control module sums the current of the rectifying and filtering circuit and the output load voltage transmitted to the primary side according to a certain proportionality coefficient to generate a control variable, compares the control variable with a reference value of the output voltage and determines the frequency and the duty ratio of a pulse control signal. The invention adopts a multi-stage pulse switching technology, the control precision is high, and the steady-state error is small; the system has good power grid regulation rate and load regulation rate, multi-stage frequency pulse control is selected, and the response speed of the system is in direct proportion to the amplitude deviating from a steady state value; no extra equipment is added in the main circuit, so that the power transmission of the main circuit is not influenced; by applying the wide and narrow pulses to the voltage regulating circuit, the control mode is simple, and the good voltage-stabilizing output can be realized without complex programming setting.
Drawings
For a clearer explanation of the embodiments or technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for a person skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a low frequency output oscillation generation mechanism in a pulse switching technique;
FIG. 2 is a connection topology diagram of a multi-level pulse switching voltage stabilizing circuit;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for stabilizing voltage of a multi-level pulse switching voltage stabilizing circuit.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As can be seen from circuit theory, the quantities that affect the change in the output voltage of the resonant coupling circuit include the input voltage, the degree of coupling of the coil, and the output load. In actual system operation, the output load changes, the coupling degree changes due to coil distance changes, and the like, which generally cause the output voltage of the resonant coupling circuit to change. In order to maintain the output voltage constant, the input voltage can be selected to be regulated, and the regulated output is realized.
As shown in FIG. 1, when the circuit is controlled by the ordinary pulse switching technique, the output voltage u is0Waveform and regulator circuit diode current iDThe waveforms have phase differences, which cause delay in system control, and the output voltage rises when high pulses cannot be achieved, and falls when low pulses cannot be achieved. As shown in point A, the output voltage u0Greater than the output reference value VrefThe circuit selects the low pulse, but the diode current iDIs still larger than the output capacitance current i of the voltage regulating circuitC1Therefore, the output voltage still increases and is far from the output reference value VrefThis condition produces an output oscillation. According to the method, a control module sums a primary side current sampling signal, a secondary side current sampling signal and a voltage sampling signal according to a certain proportionality coefficient to obtain a control variable a, the control variable a and a voltage regulating circuit diode current iDThe phase difference is very small, the output oscillation is eliminated, and the voltage stabilization performance of the system is improved.
As shown in fig. 2, a multi-stage pulse switching voltage stabilizing circuit includes an input power supply, a voltage regulating circuit, a high frequency inverter circuit, a resonant coupling circuit, a rectifying and filtering circuit, an output load, a primary side current sampling circuit, a secondary side voltage sampling circuit, a wireless communication module, and a control module. The input power supply provides a direct current voltage for the system. The voltage regulating circuit regulates the direct current voltage of the input power supply and inputs the regulated direct current voltage to the high-frequency inverter circuit. The high-frequency inverter circuit inverts the direct current electric energy into high-frequency alternating current electric energy, and inputs the high-frequency alternating current electric energy to the primary side of the resonance coupling circuit. The resonance coupling circuit transmits the primary side electric energy to the secondary side through the high-frequency electromagnetic field, and the primary side electric energy is input into the rectification filter circuit from the secondary side. The rectification filter circuit converts the high-frequency alternating current electric energy into direct current electric energy and transmits the direct current electric energy to an output load. The primary side current sampling circuit collects current of the voltage regulating circuit, the secondary side current sampling circuit and the secondary side voltage sampling circuit respectively collect current of the rectifying and filtering circuit and output load voltage, and the collected current of the rectifying and filtering circuit and the collected output load voltage are transmitted to the primary side through the wireless communication module. The control module generates a voltage regulating circuit pulse control signal according to the voltage regulating circuit current, the rectified filter circuit current transmitted to the primary side and the output load voltage.
The voltage regulating circuit comprises an input capacitor C1, an N-channel MOSFET Q1, a magnetic ring inductor L1, an output capacitor C2 and a fast recovery diode VD1, wherein the input capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with two ends of an input power Vin and plays a role in filtering the input power Vin and absorbing MOSFET pulsating current, a drain electrode of the N-channel MOSFET Q1 is connected with the input capacitor C1, a source electrode of the N-channel MOSFET Q1 is connected with a first end of the magnetic ring inductor L1, when the MOSFET Q1 is switched on, the input power Vin charges the magnetic ring inductor L1, and when the MOSFET Q1 is switched off, the magnetic ring inductor L1 outputs stored electric energy. The negative electrode of the fast recovery diode VD1 is respectively connected with the source electrode of the N-channel MOSFET Q1 and the first end of the magnetic loop inductor L1, the positive electrode of the fast recovery diode VD1 is connected with the negative electrode of the output capacitor C2, and when the MOSFET Q1 is turned off, the fast recovery diode VD1 provides a follow current loop for the magnetic loop inductor L1. The second end of the magnetic loop inductor L1 and the anode of the output capacitor C2 are respectively connected with the cathode of the power Vin, and the output filtering function is achieved. The formula of the output voltage of the voltage regulating circuit is as follows:
Figure BDA0003024050150000031
wherein, VinFor regulating the input voltage of the circuit, VoD is the duty ratio of the control pulse of the voltage regulating circuit.
The high-frequency inverter circuit comprises a bridge circuit formed by four N-channel MOSFETs Q2, Q3, Q4 and Q5, wherein a drain electrode of the Q2 is connected with an anode of a fast recovery diode VD1 and a drain electrode of the Q4 respectively, a source electrode of the Q2 is connected with a drain electrode of the Q3, a source electrode of the Q4 is connected with a drain electrode of the Q5, and a source electrode of the Q3 and a source electrode of the Q5 are connected with a cathode of a power supply Vin respectively. When the high-frequency inverter circuit works, Q2 and Q5 are simultaneously conducted, Q3 and Q4 are simultaneously conducted, and two groups of MOSFETs are alternately conducted. The direct current output by the voltage regulating circuit is inverted into high-frequency alternating current through a high-frequency inverter circuit.
The resonant coupling circuit comprises a primary side resonant capacitor C3, a secondary side resonant capacitor C4, a primary side coupling inductor L2 and a secondary side coupling inductor L3, wherein the first end of the primary side resonant capacitor C3 is connected between the source of Q2 and the drain of Q3, the second end of the primary side resonant capacitor C3 is connected with the first end of the primary side coupling inductor L2, and the second end of the primary side coupling inductor L2 is connected between the source of Q4 and the drain of Q5; the first end of the secondary side resonant capacitor C4 is connected with the first end of the secondary side coupling inductor L3, and the second end of the secondary side resonant capacitor C4 and the second end of the secondary side coupling inductor L3 are respectively connected with the rectifying and filtering circuit. The primary and secondary resonant capacitors are high-voltage film capacitors with good high-frequency performance, and the primary and secondary coupling inductors are formed by winding multiple litz wires. The high-frequency alternating current output by the high-frequency inverter circuit passes through the resonant coupling circuit, the coupling inductor induces a high-frequency electromagnetic field, and the electric energy is wirelessly transmitted through the high-frequency electromagnetic field.
The rectifying and filtering circuit comprises a bridge circuit formed by four diodes D1, D2, D3 and D4 and a filtering capacitor C5, the cathode of D1 is connected with the cathode of D3, the anode of D2 is connected with the anode of D4, the anode of D1 is connected with the cathode of D2, the anode of D3 is connected with the cathode of D4, the second end of a secondary side resonant capacitor C4 is connected between the anode of D3 and the cathode of D4, the second end of a secondary side coupling inductor L3 is connected between the anode of D1 and the cathode of D2, the first end of a filtering capacitor C5 is respectively connected with the cathode of D1 and the cathode of D3, and the second end of a filtering capacitor C5 is respectively connected with the anode of D2 and the anode of D4. The high-frequency alternating current wirelessly transmitted from the resonant coupling circuit is converted into direct current through the rectifying and filtering circuit. The output load R3 is connected in parallel across the filter capacitor C5.
The primary side current sampling circuit comprises a first current transformer, the primary side of the first current transformer is connected between the anode of the output capacitor C2 and the cathode of the power Vin in series, and the secondary side of the first current transformer is connected with the input end of the control module. The primary side current sampling circuit samples the current of the branch in which the output capacitor C2 is located.
The secondary side current sampling circuit comprises a second current transformer, a primary side of the second current transformer is connected between the second end of the filter capacitor C5 and the anode of the D4 in series, and a secondary side of the second current transformer is connected with the input end of the control module through the wireless communication module. The secondary side current sampling circuit samples the current of the branch in which the filter capacitor C5 is located.
The secondary side voltage sampling circuit comprises a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2 and a voltage follower, wherein a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2 which are connected in series are arranged between two ends of an output load R3, the input end of the voltage follower is connected between the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2, the output end of the voltage follower is connected with the input end of a control module through a wireless communication module, and the wireless communication module selects an NRF24L01 wireless communication module. The secondary side voltage sampling circuit samples the voltage across the second resistor R2.
As shown in fig. 3, the present invention further provides a method for stabilizing voltage by using a multi-level pulse switching voltage stabilizing circuit, comprising:
s1: the primary side current sampling circuit samples current of a branch where the output capacitor C2 is located, the secondary side current sampling circuit samples current of a branch where the filter capacitor C5 is located, and the secondary side voltage sampling circuit samples voltage of two ends of a second resistor R2;
s2: the primary side current sampling signal is transmitted to the control module, the secondary side current sampling signal and the voltage sampling signal are transmitted to the control module through the wireless communication module, the wireless communication module adopts an NRF24L01 module, 2.4GHz electromagnetic wave communication can be achieved, the secondary side is a wireless communication sending module, and the primary side is a wireless communication receiving module. The control module selects STM32 series single chip microcomputer chips, and the control module sums three sampling signals according to a certain proportionality coefficient to obtain a control variable a, namely:
a=uo+αic1+βic2
wherein u isoFor the system secondary side voltage sampling signal, ic1Is a primary side current sampling signal ic2The signal is a secondary side current sampling signal, and both alpha and beta are proportionality coefficients;
s3: the control module controls the variable a and the output voltage reference value VrefAnd comparing to determine the frequency and duty ratio of the pulse control signal:
when a is equal to (0, 0.7V)ref]When the voltage is increased, a pulse 1 is sent, the frequency of a pulse control signal is 50kHz, the duty ratio is 0.7, and the output voltage is increased rapidly;
when a is epsilon (0.7V)ref,Vref]When the voltage is increased, a pulse 2 is sent, the frequency of a pulse control signal is 30kHz, the duty ratio is 0.6, and the output voltage gradually increases;
when a is an e (V)ref,1.3Vref]When the voltage is higher than the set voltage, sending a pulse 3, controlling the frequency of a signal to be 30kHz, controlling the duty ratio to be 0.4, and gradually reducing the output voltage;
when a is epsilon (1.3V)refAnd + ∞), pulse 4 is transmitted, the frequency of the pulse control signal is 50kHz, the duty ratio is 0.3, and the output voltage is rapidly reduced.
The control module outputs corresponding pulses according to the magnitude of the input variable a to complete the control, and if the system continuously operates, the control module performs the next control according to the same flow after the control is finished. Under the condition of a specific working condition, the system output is stable, the control module circularly outputs a fixed pulse sequence by taking the modulation period as a unit, and different working conditions correspond to different pulse sequences. The multi-level pulse switching technology requires that the modulation period is less than the switching period of the voltage regulating circuit, so that good voltage stabilizing performance can be realized.
The invention transmits the rectifying and filtering circuit current and the output load voltage collected at the secondary side to the primary side through the wireless communication module, the control module sums the rectifying and filtering circuit current and the output load voltage transmitted to the primary side according to a certain proportionality coefficient to generate a control variable, compares the control variable with an output voltage reference value, and determines the frequency and the duty ratio of a pulse control signal. The invention adopts a multi-stage pulse switching technology, the control precision is high, and the steady-state error is small; the system has good power grid regulation rate and load regulation rate, multi-stage frequency pulse control is selected, and the response speed of the system is in direct proportion to the amplitude deviating from a steady state value; no extra equipment is added in the main circuit, so that the power transmission of the main circuit is not influenced; by applying the wide and narrow pulses to the voltage regulating circuit, the control mode is simple, and the good voltage-stabilizing output can be realized without complex programming setting.

Claims (10)

1.一种多级脉冲切换稳压电路,其特征在于:包括输入电源、调压电路、高频逆变电路、谐振耦合电路、整流滤波电路、输出负载、一次侧电流采样电路、二次侧电流采样电路、二次侧电压采样电路、无线通信模块、控制模块;1. A multi-stage pulse switching voltage regulator circuit is characterized in that: comprising an input power supply, a voltage regulator circuit, a high frequency inverter circuit, a resonance coupling circuit, a rectifier filter circuit, an output load, a primary side current sampling circuit, a secondary side Current sampling circuit, secondary voltage sampling circuit, wireless communication module, control module; 所述输入电源为系统提供直流电压;the input power supply provides a DC voltage for the system; 所述调压电路调节输入电源的直流电压,并将调节后的直流电压输入至高频逆变电路;The voltage regulating circuit adjusts the DC voltage of the input power supply, and inputs the adjusted DC voltage to the high-frequency inverter circuit; 所述高频逆变电路将直流电能逆变为高频交流电能,并将高频交流电能输入至谐振耦合电路原边;The high-frequency inverter circuit inverts the DC power into high-frequency AC power, and inputs the high-frequency AC power to the primary side of the resonant coupling circuit; 所述谐振耦合电路通过高频电磁场将原边电能传输至副边,并由副边输入至整流滤波电路;The resonant coupling circuit transmits the electrical energy from the primary side to the secondary side through a high-frequency electromagnetic field, and is input to the rectifying filter circuit from the secondary side; 所述整流滤波电路将高频交流电能转化为直流电能,并将直流电能传输给输出负载;The rectifying and filtering circuit converts high-frequency alternating current power into direct current power, and transmits the direct current power to the output load; 所述一次侧电流采样电路采集调压电路电流,所述二次侧电流采样电路、二次侧电压采样电路分别采集整流滤波电路电流、输出负载电压,并通过无线通信模块将采集的整流滤波电路电流、输出负载电压传输至一次侧;The primary side current sampling circuit collects the current of the voltage regulation circuit, the secondary side current sampling circuit and the secondary side voltage sampling circuit respectively collect the current of the rectifier filter circuit and the output load voltage, and the collected rectifier filter circuit is collected through the wireless communication module. The current and output load voltage are transmitted to the primary side; 所述控制模块根据调压电路电流、传输至一次侧的整流滤波电路电流、输出负载电压生成调压电路脉冲控制信号。The control module generates the pulse control signal of the voltage regulating circuit according to the current of the voltage regulating circuit, the current of the rectification and filtering circuit transmitted to the primary side, and the output load voltage. 2.根据权利要求1所述的多级脉冲切换稳压电路,其特征在于:所述调压电路包括输入电容C1、N沟道型MOSFET Q1、磁环电感L1、输出电容C2、快恢复二极管VD1,所述输入电容C1并联在输入电源Vin两端,所述N沟道型MOSFET Q1漏极与输入电容C1相连,所述N沟道型MOSFET Q1源极与磁环电感L1第一端相连,所述快恢复二极管VD1负极分别与N沟道型MOSFET Q1源极和磁环电感L1第一端相连,所述快恢复二极管VD1正极与输出电容C2负极相连,所述磁环电感L1第二端、输出电容C2正极分别与电源Vin负极相连。2. The multi-stage pulse switching voltage regulator circuit according to claim 1, wherein the voltage regulator circuit comprises an input capacitor C1, an N-channel MOSFET Q1, a magnetic ring inductance L1, an output capacitor C2, and a fast recovery diode VD1, the input capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with both ends of the input power supply Vin, the drain of the N-channel MOSFET Q1 is connected to the input capacitor C1, and the source of the N-channel MOSFET Q1 is connected to the first end of the magnetic ring inductor L1 , the cathode of the fast recovery diode VD1 is connected to the source of the N-channel MOSFET Q1 and the first end of the magnetic ring inductor L1 respectively, the anode of the fast recovery diode VD1 is connected to the negative electrode of the output capacitor C2, the magnetic ring inductor L1 is the second The terminal and the positive pole of the output capacitor C2 are respectively connected to the negative pole of the power supply Vin. 3.根据权利要求2所述的多级脉冲切换稳压电路,其特征在于:所述高频逆变电路包括四个N沟道型MOSFET Q2、Q3、Q4、Q5构成的桥式电路,所述Q2漏极分别与快恢复二极管VD1正极和Q4漏极相连,所述Q2源极与Q3漏极相连,所述Q4源极与Q5漏极相连,所述Q3源极、Q5源极分别与电源Vin负极相连。3. The multi-stage pulse switching regulator circuit according to claim 2, wherein the high-frequency inverter circuit comprises a bridge circuit composed of four N-channel MOSFETs Q2, Q3, Q4, and Q5. The Q2 drain is connected to the positive electrode of the fast recovery diode VD1 and the Q4 drain respectively, the Q2 source is connected to the Q3 drain, the Q4 source is connected to the Q5 drain, the Q3 source and the Q5 source are respectively connected to The negative terminal of the power supply Vin is connected. 4.根据权利要求3所述的多级脉冲切换稳压电路,其特征在于:所述谐振耦合电路包括原边谐振电容C3、副边谐振电容C4、原边耦合电感L2、副边耦合电感L3,所述原边谐振电容C3第一端连接在Q2源极与Q3漏极之间,所述原边谐振电容C3第二端与原边耦合电感L2第一端相连,所述原边耦合电感L2第二端连接在Q4源极与Q5漏极之间;所述副边谐振电容C4第一端与副边耦合电感L3第一端相连,所述副边谐振电容C4第二端、副边耦合电感L3第二端分别与整流滤波电路相连。4. The multi-stage pulse switching voltage regulator circuit according to claim 3, wherein the resonant coupling circuit comprises a primary side resonant capacitor C3, a secondary side resonant capacitor C4, a primary side coupled inductor L2, and a secondary side coupled inductor L3 , the first end of the primary resonant capacitor C3 is connected between the source of Q2 and the drain of Q3, the second end of the primary resonant capacitor C3 is connected to the first end of the primary coupled inductor L2, and the primary coupled inductor The second end of L2 is connected between the source electrode of Q4 and the drain electrode of Q5; the first end of the secondary side resonant capacitor C4 is connected to the first end of the secondary side coupling inductor L3, the second end of the secondary side resonant capacitor C4, the secondary side The second ends of the coupled inductors L3 are respectively connected to the rectifying and filtering circuits. 5.根据权利要求4所述的多级脉冲切换稳压电路,其特征在于:所述整流滤波电路包括四个二极管D1、D2、D3、D4构成的桥式电路和滤波电容C5,所述D1负极与D3负极相连,所述D2正极与D4正极相连,所述D1正极与D2负极相连,所述D3正极与D4负极相连,所述副边谐振电容C4第二端连接在D3正极与D4负极之间,所述副边耦合电感L3第二端连接在D1正极与D2负极之间,所述滤波电容C5第一端分别与D1负极和D3负极相连,所述滤波电容C5第二端分别与D2正极与D4正极相连。5. The multi-stage pulse switching voltage regulator circuit according to claim 4, wherein the rectifier filter circuit comprises a bridge circuit composed of four diodes D1, D2, D3, and D4 and a filter capacitor C5, and the D1 The negative pole is connected to the negative pole of D3, the positive pole of D2 is connected to the positive pole of D4, the positive pole of D1 is connected to the negative pole of D2, the positive pole of D3 is connected to the negative pole of D4, and the second end of the secondary resonance capacitor C4 is connected to the positive pole of D3 and the negative pole of D4 The second end of the secondary side coupling inductor L3 is connected between the positive electrode of D1 and the negative electrode of D2, the first end of the filter capacitor C5 is connected to the negative electrode of D1 and the negative electrode of D3 respectively, and the second end of the filter capacitor C5 is connected to the negative electrode of D1 and D3 respectively. The positive electrode of D2 is connected to the positive electrode of D4. 6.根据权利要求5所述的多级脉冲切换稳压电路,其特征在于:所述输出负载R3并联在滤波电容C5两端。6 . The multi-stage pulse switching voltage regulator circuit according to claim 5 , wherein the output load R3 is connected in parallel with both ends of the filter capacitor C5 . 7.根据权利要求6所述的多级脉冲切换稳压电路,其特征在于:所述一次侧电流采样电路包括第一电流互感器,所述第一电流互感器一次侧串联在输出电容C2正极与电源Vin负极之间,所述第一电流互感器二次侧与控制模块输入端相连。7 . The multi-stage pulse switching voltage regulator circuit according to claim 6 , wherein the primary side current sampling circuit comprises a first current transformer, and the primary side of the first current transformer is connected in series with the positive pole of the output capacitor C2 . Between the negative pole of the power supply Vin, the secondary side of the first current transformer is connected to the input end of the control module. 8.根据权利要求7所述的多级脉冲切换稳压电路,其特征在于:所述二次侧电流采样电路包括第二电流互感器,所述第二电流互感器一次侧串联在滤波电容C5第二端与D4正极之间,所述第二电流互感器二次侧通过无线通信模块与控制模块输入端相连。8 . The multi-stage pulse switching voltage regulator circuit according to claim 7 , wherein the secondary side current sampling circuit comprises a second current transformer, and the primary side of the second current transformer is connected in series with the filter capacitor C5 . Between the second end and the positive electrode of D4, the secondary side of the second current transformer is connected to the input end of the control module through the wireless communication module. 9.根据权利要求8所述的多级脉冲切换稳压电路,其特征在于:所述二次侧电压采样电路包括第一电阻R1、第二电阻R2、电压跟随器,输出负载R3两端之间设有串联的第一电阻R1、第二电阻R2,所述电压跟随器输入端连接在第一电阻R1、第二电阻R2之间,所述电压跟随器输出端通过无线通信模块与控制模块输入端相连。9 . The multi-level pulse switching voltage regulator circuit according to claim 8 , wherein the secondary side voltage sampling circuit comprises a first resistor R1 , a second resistor R2 , a voltage follower, and the output load R3 between the two ends. 10 . A first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2 are arranged in series between them. The input end of the voltage follower is connected between the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2. The output end of the voltage follower communicates with the control module through the wireless communication module. connected to the input. 10.一种如权利要求9所述的多级脉冲切换稳压电路进行稳压的方法,其特征在于:10. A method for regulating voltage by multi-stage pulse switching voltage-stabilizing circuit as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that: S1:一次侧电流采样电路对输出电容C2所在支路进行电流采样,二次侧电流采样电路对滤波电容C5所在支路进行电流采样,二次侧电压采样电路对第二电阻R2两端电压进行电压采样;S1: The primary side current sampling circuit performs current sampling on the branch where the output capacitor C2 is located, the secondary side current sampling circuit performs current sampling on the branch where the filter capacitor C5 is located, and the secondary side voltage sampling circuit performs current sampling on the voltage across the second resistor R2 voltage sampling; S2:一次侧电流采样信号传输至控制模块,二次侧电流采样信号、电压采样信号通过无线通信模块传输至控制模块,控制模块将三种采样信号按照一定比例系数进行求和,得到控制变量a,即:S2: The primary side current sampling signal is transmitted to the control module, the secondary side current sampling signal and voltage sampling signal are transmitted to the control module through the wireless communication module, and the control module sums the three sampling signals according to a certain proportional coefficient to obtain the control variable a ,which is: a=uo+αic1+βic2 a=u o +αi c1 +βi c2 其中,uo为系统二次侧电压采样信号,ic1为一次侧电流采样信号,ic2为二次侧电流采样信号,α、β均为比例系数;Among them, u o is the secondary side voltage sampling signal of the system, i c1 is the primary side current sampling signal, ic2 is the secondary side current sampling signal, α and β are proportional coefficients; S3:控制模块将控制变量a与输出电压基准值Vref进行比较,确定脉冲控制信号的频率和占空比:S3: The control module compares the control variable a with the output voltage reference value Vref to determine the frequency and duty cycle of the pulse control signal: 当a∈(0,0.7Vref]时,发送脉冲1,脉冲控制信号频率为50kHz,占空比0.7;When a∈(0, 0.7V ref ], send pulse 1, the frequency of the pulse control signal is 50kHz, and the duty cycle is 0.7; 当a∈(0.7Vref,Vref]时,发送脉冲2,脉冲控制信号频率为30kHz,占空比0.6;When a∈(0.7V ref , V ref ], send pulse 2, the frequency of the pulse control signal is 30kHz, and the duty cycle is 0.6; 当a∈(Vref,1.3Vref]时,发送脉冲3,脉冲控制信号频率为30kHz,占空比0.4;When a∈(V ref , 1.3V ref ], send pulse 3, the frequency of the pulse control signal is 30kHz, and the duty cycle is 0.4; 当a∈(1.3Vref,+∞)时,发送脉冲4,脉冲控制信号频率为50kHz,占空比0.3。When a∈(1.3V ref , +∞), pulse 4 is sent, the frequency of the pulse control signal is 50 kHz, and the duty ratio is 0.3.
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