CN113161838A

CN113161838A - Tightness adjusting device for current collector carbon brush shell

Info

Publication number: CN113161838A
Application number: CN202110489709.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王迪; 王友君; 张涛; 许晓宇; 武双剑; 贾万华; 高飞
Original assignee: Huaneng Xinhua Power Generation Co ltd
Current assignee: Huaneng Xinhua Power Generation Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-30
Filing date: 2021-04-30
Publication date: 2021-07-23

Abstract

The invention discloses a tightness adjusting device for a carbon brush shell of a current collector, which comprises a first carbon brush shell and a second carbon brush shell which are movably arranged at the bottom of the current collector, wherein a transverse screw rod is fixedly arranged on the end surface of the first carbon brush shell, which is close to the second carbon brush shell, the end part of the transverse screw rod, which is far away from the first carbon brush shell, penetrates through the second carbon brush shell, an internal nut meshed with the transverse screw rod is rotatably arranged on the part, which is positioned between the first carbon brush shell and the second carbon brush shell, on the transverse screw rod, and an external nut meshed with the transverse screw rod is rotatably arranged on the part, which is positioned on the outer side of the second carbon brush shell, on the transverse screw rod; the invention has the advantages that: greatly reduces the maintenance amount, fundamentally saves the operation cost, has higher universality and is suitable for various current collectors. Construction convenience after the installation, convenient maintenance reduces the work degree of difficulty, reduces operating time.

Description

Tightness adjusting device for current collector carbon brush shell

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of current collectors, in particular to a tightness adjusting device for a carbon brush shell of a current collector.

Background

The current collector is one of the most important components in a trolley wire system. The collector is a main device for collecting electric energy at the collector side in a sliding contact line system, and the collector directly conducts the electric energy to an electric appliance through the sliding contact of the collector brush and the guide rail, so that the mobile power supply of the system is realized. The current collector consists of a tension device with a mechanical structure and a current collecting brush directly in sliding contact with the guide rail. The tension device of the mechanical structure determines the sliding contact pressure of the current collecting brush and the guide rail and the stability of the mechanism, the current collecting brush is a conductor for picking up electric energy by the sliding contact of the guide rail, and the performance, the conductive quality and the quality of the structural components of the material of the current collecting brush directly influence the safe operation quality of the whole system equipment.

There are many types of current collectors, and the following are commonly used in the test: pull wire, brush, induction, and the like. The first two are contact current collectors and the latter are non-contact current collectors. The stay wire type current collector is suitable for the conditions of low linear speed (less than or equal to 4 m/s) and short running time. Its advantages are simple structure, low technological requirement, reliable contact, high abrasion and long service life. The brush type current collector may be classified into a radial brush type and an end face brush type. The radial brush type is contacted with the electric brush by the circumferential surface of the collector ring, the end face brush type is contacted with the electric brush by the side surface of the collector ring, the inner ring of the collector is fixed on the rotating shaft to be measured, and three (suitable for half-bridge measurement) or four (suitable for full-bridge measurement) collector rings are arranged on the collector rings, are insulated with each other and are connected with the strain gauge attached on the shaft by a lead wire. The shell is fixed with electric brushes which are insulated with each other, the electric brushes are pressed on the collector ring by a spring, and each electric brush is provided with a leading-out wire. Thus, the electric signal on the rotating shaft is transmitted to the measuring instrument through the contact between the collector ring and the electric brush. The radial brush type current collector has simple structure and convenient use, but the contact resistance is not stable, so the radial brush type current collector is only suitable for the conditions of low rotating speed and low precision requirement. The end face brush type current collector is contacted by the side face, the contact resistance is relatively stable, and the end face brush type current collector is suitable for the conditions of high rotating speed and high precision requirement. The following points should be noted in designing the current collector: materials of the collecting ring and the electric brush are selected properly, and small contact resistance and small friction coefficient are ensured. For a typical current collector, the slip ring may be made of red copper and the brush made of graphite-copper alloy. For the current collector with high measurement precision, the current collecting ring is preferably made of pure silver or Monel alloy, and the brush is made of graphite-silver alloy. Secondly, the number of the electric brushes on each collecting ring influences the size and the stability of the contact resistance, the working is unreliable due to the small number of the electric brushes, the structure of the current collector is complex due to the large number of the electric brushes, and 2-4 current collectors are preferably symmetrically arranged. Contact pressure between the electric brush and the collector ring also influences the size and stability of contact resistance, contact resistance is large and unstable when pressure is too small, and abrasion, heat generation and service life reduction can be caused when pressure is too large. The compression springs of the brushes on the same collector ring preferably have different natural frequencies to ensure that the brushes do not bounce at the same time and maintain good contact during strong vibration. Inductive collectors are also known as resolver type or contactless collectors. The working principle of the device is that the measuring electric signal of the rotating part is transmitted to the fixed part by utilizing electromagnetic induction, so that various contact points are omitted, and the problems of contact resistance and the like do not exist. The current collector is one of the key parts of products such as a synchro, a rotary transformer and the like. The structure of the current collector is divided into an integral current collector and an assembled current collector. Before sixty years, due to reasons such as insufficient heat resistance of the lead wire (150-200 ℃ in a plastic compression process), fabricated current collectors have been mainly used. The current collector with the structure comprises an insulating sleeve, an insulating sheet, a silver alloy ring welded with the conductive sheet and other parts. Each part is processed and moulded separately, then assembled, and bonded by acetal drying glue or bakelite paint. The insulating spacer is usually formed by punching a cloth-sandwiched bakelite plate, and the insulating sleeve is generally formed by pressing phenolic molding plastics. In recent years, with the continuous emergence of novel insulating materials, new plastic compression processes and new technologies are continuously adopted, and high-temperature resistant leading-out wires in plastic compression are also solved, such as polytetrafluoroethylene insulating wires. Thus, the conducting ring and the outgoing line can be directly molded into a whole by plastic to form an integral or current collector structure. The structure has few parts, one-step plastic compression molding and high production efficiency. Fabricated current collectors have been rare in new products. The monolithic current collector is briefly described below. For an integral current collector, a thermosetting plastic molding structure and a plastic compression method are used for a long time, and the problems that line breakage is easy to generate, short circuit occurs between phases or to the ground, the yield is low, and the production efficiency is low are solved. At present, thermoplastic reinforced polyester materials are mostly adopted, and the injection molding process method has good application effect. The main technical requirements of the integral current collector comprise: (1) the plastic body has enough mechanical strength, and can ensure that the plastic body does not crack in the machining and assembling processes under the condition that the insulating layer of the plastic body is thinner. (2) Has high electrical insulation performance. Can have higher insulation resistance under the condition of a normal state or a damp and hot zone. (3) The current collector has more inserts and leads, so the designed integral structure type and size are suitable for the injection molding process, and the desoldering and wire breaking are not allowed after the plastic compression. (4) The selected plastic has good heat resistance, and ensures the size stability of the current collector under the required high-temperature condition. Therefore, the current collector is a part with small volume, more leads and inserts (conductive rings) and higher requirements on electrical performance and mechanical performance. The current collector is a current-receiving device which transmits electric energy to a mobile electric device from a power line, and the normal power supply of electric equipment is ensured through uninterrupted sliding contact. In order to achieve the power supply effect, a carbon-containing metal block-shaped current-receiving block electric brush is generally adopted to enhance the sliding contact force, an elastic spring is used to control the tension between a current collector and a sliding wire, and a fixed bracket is used for welding to bind the current collector and equipment. However, such a current collector is usually too stiff in action, and is likely to collide with a power line at a sliding contact line connection or a turning point, thereby causing bouncing or derailing. This results in the brush receiving surface not being able to maintain a uniform area in contact with the trolley wire working surface during movement, and thus the current collector structure is not stable enough.

Carbon brushes (Carbon brushes), also called brushes, are widely used as sliding contacts in many electrical devices. The carbon brush mainly comprises graphite, impregnated graphite and metal (copper and silver) graphite in product application. The carbon brush is a device for transmitting energy or signals between a fixed part and a rotating part of a motor or a generator or other rotating machinery, is generally made of pure carbon and a coagulant, is generally square in shape, is clamped on a metal support, is tightly pressed on a rotating shaft by a spring inside, and transmits electric energy to a coil through a phase changer when the motor rotates. The carbon should be periodically maintained and replaced and cleaned. The carbon brush is a little like a rubber strip for wiping a pencil, and a lead is led out from the top of the carbon brush. The volume is large or small. Carbon brushes are widely used as a sliding contact in many electrical devices. The product material mainly comprises electrochemical graphite, impregnated graphite and metal (copper-containing and silver-containing) graphite. The carbon brush mainly has the function of conducting electricity while rubbing metal, and is not as conductive as metal-to-metal rubbing; when metal-to-metal friction is conductive, the friction force may be increased, and the joint parts may be sintered together; carbon brushes do not because carbon and metal are two different elements. The motor is mostly used on the motor, and the shapes are various, square, round and the like. The carbon brush is suitable for various motors, generators and wheel-axle machines. Has better reversing performance and long service life. The carbon brush is used on a commutator or a slip ring of a motor as a sliding contact body for leading out and leading in current, has good electric conduction, heat conduction and lubrication performance, and has certain mechanical strength and the instinct of commutation spark. Almost all electric motors use carbon brushes, which are important components of the motor. The method is widely applicable to various alternating current and direct current generators, synchronous motors, battery direct current motors, crane motor collecting rings, various electric welding machines and the like. Along with the development of science and technology, the type of motor and the operating mode condition of use are more and more diversified. The carbon brush has the following specific functions: 1. applying an external current (excitation current) to the rotating rotor through the carbon brushes (input current); 2. the static charge on the large shaft is led into the ground (a grounding carbon brush) through the carbon brush (current is output); 3. leading the large shaft (ground) to a protection device for grounding protection of the rotor and measuring the positive and negative voltages to earth of the rotor; 4. changing the direction of the current (in commutator machines the brushes also act as a commutation). Except that an induction ac asynchronous motor is not. Other motors are available as long as the rotor has a commutation ring. The principle of power generation is that after a wire is cut by a magnetic field, current is generated in the wire. The generator cuts the wire by rotating the magnetic field. The rotating magnetic field is the rotor and the cut wire is the stator. From the use point of view, the signs that the brush has good service performance mainly have the following conditions: (1) the commutator or the collecting ring is not worn after long service life. (2) Has good commutation and current collection performance, enables the spark to be restrained in an allowable range and has small energy loss. (3) The electric brush is not overheated, and the noise is little, does not damage when moving. (4) In the operation process, a uniform, moderate and stable oxide film can be quickly formed on the surface of the commutator or the collector ring.

The two bucket wheel machines for conveying coal by fuel adopt a single-stage aluminum sliding contact line form to supply power, and the chain state of coal piling and taking is also communicated through the sliding contact line. The reliable operation of the bucket wheel machine is directly related to whether the whole coal storage system can normally operate. Each bucket wheel is powered by four sliding contact lines, four sets of current collectors are used at the joints of the bucket wheels, original carbon brush shells are fixed with screws on two sides, and the four sets of current collectors work in parallel, so that the fixing screws are difficult to disassemble. The original outer support adopts the rotary part to use the insulating sleeve, so the middle screw is insulated by the heat shrink tube, when the carbon brush is overheated to contact the screw rod, the electrified condition of the bucket wheel body can not occur, and through improvement, the tightness of the current collector is adjusted by the nut, so that the installation and maintenance are convenient. How to provide a device for adjusting the tightness of the carbon brush shell of the current collector becomes a research direction.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the background art and provides a tightness adjusting device for a carbon brush shell of a current collector.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a tightness adjusting device for a current collector carbon brush shell comprises a first carbon brush shell and a second carbon brush shell which are movably arranged at the bottom of a current collector, wherein a transverse screw rod is fixedly arranged on the end face, close to the second carbon brush shell, of the first carbon brush shell, the end part, far away from the first carbon brush shell, of the transverse screw rod penetrates through the second carbon brush shell, an inner nut meshed with the transverse screw rod is rotatably arranged on the part, located between the first carbon brush shell and the second carbon brush shell, of the transverse screw rod, and an outer nut meshed with the transverse screw rod is rotatably arranged on the part, located on the outer side of the second carbon brush shell, of the transverse screw rod;

the bottom of the first carbon brush shell is fixedly provided with a first clamping leg parallel to the transverse screw rod, and the bottom of the second carbon brush shell is fixedly provided with a second clamping leg parallel to the transverse screw rod and symmetrical to the first clamping leg.

As a preferable scheme, a first anti-skid pad is fixedly arranged on the first clamping leg.

Preferably, the first anti-slip mat is a rubber mat.

Preferably, a second anti-skid pad is fixedly arranged on the second clamping leg.

Preferably, the second anti-skid pad is a rubber pad.

The invention has the following advantages: the invention can get rid of the occurrence of the events of influencing the receiving and unloading of the coal car caused by poor interlocking, poor contact, falling of the carbon brush and overheating damage of the sliding contact line due to the falling of the shell of the carbon brush, greatly reduces the maintenance amount and fundamentally saves the operation cost. The invention has high universality and is suitable for various current collectors. Construction convenience after the installation, convenient maintenance reduces the work degree of difficulty, reduces operating time.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a tightness adjusting device for a carbon brush shell of a current collector.

As shown in the figure: 1. the carbon brush comprises a current collector, 2, a first carbon brush shell, 3, a second carbon brush shell, 4, a transverse screw rod, 5, an inner nut, 6, an outer nut, 7, a first clamping leg, 8, a second clamping leg, 9, a first anti-skid pad, 10 and a second anti-skid pad.

Detailed Description

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.

With reference to fig. 1, a tightness adjusting device for a carbon brush housing of a current collector comprises a first carbon brush housing 2 and a second carbon brush housing 3 movably arranged at the bottom of the current collector 1, wherein a transverse screw 4 is fixedly arranged on an end surface of the first carbon brush housing 2 close to the second carbon brush housing 3, an end part of the transverse screw 4 far away from the first carbon brush housing 2 penetrates through the second carbon brush housing 3, an internal nut 5 meshed with the transverse screw 4 is rotatably arranged on a part of the transverse screw 4 between the first carbon brush housing 2 and the second carbon brush housing 3, and an external nut 6 meshed with the transverse screw 4 is rotatably arranged on a part of the transverse screw 4 outside the second carbon brush housing 3; the bottom of the first carbon brush shell 2 is fixedly provided with a first clamping leg 7 parallel to the transverse screw rod 4, and the bottom of the second carbon brush shell 3 is fixedly provided with a second clamping leg 8 parallel to the transverse screw rod 4 and symmetrical to the first clamping leg 7.

As a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, a first anti-skid pad 9 is fixedly disposed on the first clamping leg 7.

As a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the first anti-skid pad 9 is a rubber pad.

As a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, a second anti-skid pad 10 is fixedly disposed on the second clamping leg 8.

As a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the second anti-skid pad 10 is a rubber pad.

When the anti-slip device is implemented specifically, the clamping distance and the tightness degree between the first clamping leg and the second clamping leg can be controlled by turning the external nut and the internal nut, so that the tightness degree of the carbon brush shell of the current collector can be adjusted, the first anti-slip mat and the second anti-slip mat can play a role in anti-slip, the clamping is firm, and the slipping is avoided.

The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features. The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a current collector carbon brush shell tightness adjusting device which characterized in that: the carbon brush comprises a first carbon brush shell and a second carbon brush shell which are movably arranged at the bottom of a current collector, wherein a transverse screw rod is fixedly arranged on the end face of the first carbon brush shell, which is close to the second carbon brush shell, the end part of the transverse screw rod, which is far away from the first carbon brush shell, penetrates through the second carbon brush shell, an internal nut meshed with the transverse screw rod is rotatably arranged on the part of the transverse screw rod, which is positioned between the first carbon brush shell and the second carbon brush shell, and an external nut meshed with the transverse screw rod is rotatably arranged on the part of the transverse screw rod, which is positioned outside the second carbon brush shell;

2. The tightness adjusting device of a carbon brush shell of a current collector of claim 1, characterized in that: and a first antiskid pad is fixedly arranged on the first clamping leg.

3. The tightness adjusting device of a carbon brush shell of a current collector of claim 2, wherein: the first anti-skid pad is a rubber pad.

4. The tightness adjusting device of a carbon brush shell of a current collector of claim 1, characterized in that: and a second antiskid pad is fixedly arranged on the second clamping leg.

5. The tightness adjusting device of a carbon brush shell of a current collector of claim 4, wherein: the second anti-skid pad is a rubber pad.