CN113161030A - Nuclear power plant digital control room man-machine interface layout method - Google Patents
Nuclear power plant digital control room man-machine interface layout method Download PDFInfo
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- G21D3/00—Control of nuclear power plant
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of design of a digital control room of a nuclear power plant, and particularly relates to a man-machine interface layout method for realizing efficient interaction of operators and an instrument control system, which comprises the following steps: step 1: identifying the main function, step 2: determining the overall layout, step 3: human factor verification, step 4: designing a header area, and step 5: design of display area, step 6: designing a footer area, step 7: human factor verification, step 8: engineering application; the method overcomes the defects of human-computer interface design of domestic in-service nuclear power plants, further improves the friendliness of the digital human-computer interface, more comprehensively covers the functions of the power plants to be monitored in a control room, can quickly feed back the states of the main power plant functions, and meets the relevant requirements of human factors engineering.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of design of a digital control room of a nuclear power plant, and particularly relates to a human-machine interface layout method of the digital control room of the nuclear power plant.
Background
In the digital technology of the nuclear power plant which is continuously developed, the realization of monitoring the real-time operation condition on site in a control room is an indispensable part. In the current control room design, the task is mainly accomplished by an operator station with multi-screen display and a large-screen display system, namely a digitalized human-computer interface system.
The man-machine interface is used as a main medium for information exchange between operators and the nuclear power plant in the control room, and the reasonability of the design of the man-machine interface has important influence on the execution efficiency of the operators. Practice proves that the friendly man-machine interface has positive effects on reducing human errors and improving the availability of the digital system.
Although the man-machine interface of the existing domestic nuclear power plant can meet the requirement of power station operation, the design of the man-machine interface lacks certain rationality and human factor analysis. The human machine interfaces of some power plants lack continuous monitoring of important functions of the power plant on the main interface; the method has the advantages that a certain main function accessed in the human-computer interfaces of some power plants needs to be clicked for multiple times, and the requirement that the operation times of calling any picture should not be more than three times in human factor engineering is not met; human-computer interface color schemes and fonts of some power plants do not meet the requirements of human factors engineering, such as unclear region division and unobvious English font division; the remaining functional operating area of the plant occupies the main display area of the screen, reducing the information available to the operator.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a systematic nuclear power plant man-machine interface layout method aiming at the defects in the prior art, overcomes the defects of the design of the man-machine interface of the domestic in-service nuclear power plant, further improves the friendliness of the digital man-machine interface, more comprehensively covers the functions of the power plant to be monitored in a control room, can quickly feed back the states of the main power plant functions, and meets the relevant requirements of human factors engineering.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a human-computer interface layout method for realizing efficient interaction between operators and an instrument control system comprises the following steps: step 1: identifying the main function, step 2: determining the overall layout, step 3: human factor verification, step 4: designing a header area, and step 5: design of display area, step 6: designing a footer area, step 7: human factor verification, step 8: engineering application;
the step 1;
according to the requirements of technical specifications of in-service and in-building nuclear power plants in recent years in China, a man-machine interface generally needs to have the functions of process flow chart, alarm, instrument control fault, accident diagnosis, first-out alarm, safety parameter display, operation regulation, trend, log, state table, current value, hang tag, performance calculation, system state overview, temporary variable monitoring, printing, login and logout and screen indication;
step 2, determining the overall layout;
function partitioning;
the whole human-computer interface is divided into three parts: a header, a main display area, and a footer. The header and the footer are fixed display parts, namely, the header and the footer are displayed on any screen and under any function. The main display area displays different contents along with the calling of different power plant functions. The uppermost end of the display area is usually fixed as a title bar of each function, and the character display occupies one line;
based on human analysis and engineering experience, the number of the page header display pixels of the 19-inch display is 1280 × 100; the display area has display pixels 1280 × 870; the footer display pixels are 1280 by 54, for a 24 inch display, the header display pixels are 1920 by 100; the display area displays 1920 × 920 pixels; the footer display pixels are 1920 x 60.
Step 2, determining the overall layout;
color matching;
the application conditions of various colors of the method are as follows:
white and green represent normal states;
yellow for attention, warning;
red indicates an alarm or malfunction to attract the user's attention;
magenta indicates a calculation error, such as a bad value or a communication failure;
the static text adopts the horizontal direction, and the font color is black;
the process alarm adopts red, yellow, green, white and magenta;
light blue is used for background colors of headers and footers;
light gray is used for the main display area background color in order to ensure that the picture has a proper contrast;
font size:
the man-machine interface is designed to adopt Araial font for Chinese and English and number, and Song font for Chinese;
the font at the header and footer is 14 pt; the font of the title bar of the display area is 12pt, and the font is thickened; the information portion is then 11 pt.
And step 3: human factor verification;
after the overall layout design of the human-computer interface is finished, displaying on an actual display screen; verifying item by item according to the relevant requirements of NUREG-0700Human-System Interface Design Review Guidelines; if the verification fails, the improvement is continued; and if the verification is passed, developing detailed man-machine interface design.
Step 4, designing a header area;
the header displays a total alarm, a 5-class color alarm, an instrument control fault, a special rule state, namely E0 and F0, a variable temporary monitoring, namely analog quantity temporary threshold monitoring TT, an analog quantity temporary comparison VC and a switching quantity temporary monitoring BM, and a working condition, namely C0/E0 function in the form of a state indicator;
the header displays main menus such as pictures, alarms, rules, logs, state tables, current values, listing, trends, performance calculation, safety parameters, working conditions, system operation and the like in the form of the main menus;
step 5, designing a display area
The display area is divided in detail into three sections: title bar, information display area, function button area;
title bar: the first line is typically the title bar for the function, shown as alarm for the alarm function;
an information display area: displaying information corresponding to the function under the title bar, and generally, for a list type display form, at most 20-25 pieces of information are listed on each screen; every 5 strips are divided into a group, and the groups are separated by thick lines;
function button area: the function button lists the operation which can be carried out on the function, for example, for alarming, the operation which can be carried out comprises mode switching; a status of alarm; inquiring alarms, namely according to a system, according to an alarm position number, according to an alarm partition, according to alarm time and the like; operations for alarming, such as line confirmation, page confirmation, calling out of an alarm rule and the like; and a printing function;
for the process flow diagrams, each diagram covers the whole display area, and the operation or monitoring of the equipment or parameters on the diagram is realized through a popup object operation menu; and clicking the corresponding equipment or parameter on the picture to call up the object operation menu.
Step 6, designing a footer area
Displaying a screen switching button at the footer; a server status indication; a previous screen button; a back screen button; a system overall state monitoring screen button; an alarm sound indicator; a screen copy button; the date and time; user name and level.
Step 7, human factor verification
After the layout design of the human-computer interface is finished, displaying on an actual display screen; the method still verifies the display effect one by one according to the relevant requirements of the NUREG-0700Human-System Interface Design Review Guidelines, and ensures that the display effect meets the requirements of Human factors engineering through multiple corrections, and meanwhile, each function is smoothly linked, thereby ensuring that a friendly Human-computer Interface is provided for operators.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) important functions such as alarming, instrument control fault, accident diagnosis, first-out alarming, safety parameter display and the like are distributed in a header area of a man-machine interface in a mode of indicating buttons with different color states, so that operating personnel can quickly and continuously monitor the important functions of the power plant.
(2) By optimizing the layout of the operation areas of the function interfaces, more display space is provided for the main display interface, and more event information is provided for operators.
(3) Based on human factor analysis, the color configuration scheme of the human-computer interface is optimized, so that the working pressure of operators is relieved, the visual fatigue is prevented, and the working efficiency is improved.
(4) Through scientific matching colors, the main display areas of the page eyebrow and page footer areas are obviously distinguished, and an operator can realize quick memory of the running state of the power plant through color recognition.
(5) Based on human factor analysis, through optimizing the font size configuration scheme, avoid obscuring similar english and digit, ensure that the operating personnel can accurately, clearly obtain the event information.
(6) The main menu is arranged on the header, so that the main functions of the power plant can be quickly accessed by the operator, and the working efficiency of the operator is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a human-machine interface layout method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the embodiments.
As shown in the attached drawings, a man-machine interface layout method for realizing efficient interaction between operators and an instrument control system comprises the following steps of 1: identifying primary functions
According to the requirements of technical specifications of in-service and in-building nuclear power plants in recent years in China, a man-machine interface generally needs to comprise functions of a process flow chart (MIMIC), alarming, instrument control fault, accident diagnosis, first-out alarming, safety parameter display, operation regulation, trend, log, state table, current value, hanging plate, performance calculation, system state overview, variable temporary monitoring, printing, login and logout, screen indication and the like.
Step 2: determining an overall layout
Functional partitioning
The whole human-computer interface is divided into three parts: a header, a main display area, and a footer. The header and the footer are fixed display parts, namely, the header and the footer are displayed on any screen and under any function. The main display area displays different contents along with the calling of different power plant functions. The uppermost end of the display area is usually fixed to a title bar of each function, and the text display occupies one line.
The current mainstream displays in China are mainly 19 inches (the resolution is 1280 x 1024) and 24 inches (1980 x 1080). Based on human analysis and engineering experience, the number of the page header display pixels of the 19-inch display is 1280 × 100; the display area has display pixels 1280 × 870; the footer display pixels are 1280 × 54. For a 24 "display, the header display pixels are 1920 x 100; the display area displays 1920 × 920 pixels; the footer display pixels are 1920 x 60.
Color matching
The application conditions of various colors of the method are as follows:
white and green represent normal states.
Yellow indicates caution and warning.
Red indicates an alarm or malfunction to attract the attention of the user.
Magenta indicates a calculation error such as a bad value or a communication failure.
The static text adopts the horizontal direction, and the font color is black.
The process alarm adopts red, yellow, green, white and magenta.
Light blue is used for the background color of headers and footers.
Light gray is used for the main display area background color in order to ensure that the picture has a proper contrast.
Font size:
the man-machine interface is designed to adopt Araial font for Chinese and English and number, and Song style for Chinese.
The font at the header and footer is 14 pt. The font of the title bar of the display area is 12pt, and the font is thickened; the information portion is then 11 pt.
And step 3: human factor verification
And after the overall layout design of the human-computer interface is finished, displaying on an actual display screen. And verifying item by item according to the relevant requirements of NUREG-0700Human-System Interface Design Review guides. If the verification fails, the improvement is continued; and if the verification is passed, developing detailed man-machine interface design.
And 4, step 4: header area design
The header displays functions such as total alarm, 5-class color alarm, instrument control failure, special procedure status (E0 and F0), temporary variable monitoring (temporary analog threshold monitoring TT, temporary analog comparison VC and temporary switch monitoring BM), and operating mode (C0/E0) in the form of status indicators.
The header displays main menus such as a picture (MIMIC), an ALARM (ALARM), a procedure (procedure), a Log (LOGBOOK), a STATUS TABLE (STATUS TABLE), a current value (cur. value), a Tag (TAGGING), a TREND (TREND), a performance calculation (perf. calc.), a Safety Parameter (SPDF), a condition (STATUS), and a SYSTEM operation (SYSTEM) in the form of a main menu.
And 5: display area design
The display area is divided in detail into three sections: title bar, information display area, function button area.
Title bar: the first line is typically the title bar for the function, shown as alarm for the alarm function, detailed in fig. 1.
An information display area: displaying information corresponding to the function under the title bar, and generally, for a list type display form, at most 20-25 pieces of information are listed on each screen; every 5 strips are divided into a group, and the groups are separated by thick lines.
Function button area: the function button lists the operation which can be carried out on the function, for example, for alarming, the operation which can be carried out comprises mode switching; a status of alarm; inquiring alarms, namely according to a system, according to an alarm position number, according to an alarm partition, according to alarm time and the like; operations for alarming, such as line confirmation, page confirmation, calling out of an alarm rule and the like; and a printing function.
For process flow diagrams, each of which covers the entire display area, operation or monitoring of the equipment or parameters thereon is accomplished through a pop-up menu of object operations. And clicking the corresponding equipment or parameter on the picture to call up the object operation menu.
Step 6: footer area design
Displaying a screen switching button at the footer; a server status indication; a previous screen button; a back screen button; a system overall state monitoring screen button; an alarm sound indicator; a screen copy button; the date and time; user name and level.
And 7: human factor verification
And after the layout design of the human-computer interface is finished, displaying on an actual display screen. The method still verifies the display effect one by one according to the relevant requirements of the NUREG-0700Human-System Interface Design Review Guidelines, and ensures that the display effect meets the requirements of Human factors engineering through multiple corrections, and meanwhile, each function is smoothly linked, thereby ensuring that a friendly Human-computer Interface is provided for operators.
And 8: engineering applications
The human-machine interface layout method provided by the research is successfully applied to a digital control room system of the 'Hualongyi' overseas first heap project.
Claims (8)
1. A human-computer interface layout method for realizing efficient interaction between operators and an instrument control system comprises the following steps: step 1: identifying the main function, step 2: determining the overall layout, step 3: human factor verification, step 4: designing a header area, and step 5: design of display area, step 6: designing a footer area, step 7: human factor verification, step 8: engineering application;
the method is characterized in that: the step 1;
according to the requirements of technical specifications of in-service and in-building nuclear power plants in recent years in China, a man-machine interface generally needs to have the functions of process flow chart, alarm, instrument control fault, accident diagnosis, first-out alarm, safety parameter display, operation regulation, trend, log, state table, current value, hang tag, performance calculation, system state overview, temporary variable monitoring, printing, login and logout and screen indication.
2. The human-machine interface layout method for achieving efficient interaction of operating personnel and instrument control systems according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: step 2, determining the overall layout;
function partitioning;
the whole human-computer interface is divided into three parts: a header, a main display area, and a footer. The header and the footer are fixed display parts, namely, the header and the footer are displayed on any screen and under any function. The main display area displays different contents along with the calling of different power plant functions. The uppermost end of the display area is usually fixed as a title bar of each function, and the character display occupies one line;
based on human analysis and engineering experience, the number of the page header display pixels of the 19-inch display is 1280 × 100; the display area has display pixels 1280 × 870; the footer display pixels are 1280 by 54, for a 24 inch display, the header display pixels are 1920 by 100; the display area displays 1920 × 920 pixels; the footer display pixels are 1920 x 60.
3. The human-machine interface layout method for realizing efficient interaction of operators and instrument control systems according to claim 2, characterized in that: step 2, determining the overall layout;
color matching;
the application conditions of various colors of the method are as follows:
white and green represent normal states;
yellow for attention, warning;
red indicates an alarm or malfunction to attract the user's attention;
magenta indicates a calculation error, such as a bad value or a communication failure;
the static text adopts the horizontal direction, and the font color is black;
the process alarm adopts red, yellow, green, white and magenta;
light blue is used for background colors of headers and footers;
light gray is used for the main display area background color in order to ensure that the picture has a proper contrast;
font size:
the man-machine interface is designed to adopt Araial font for Chinese and English and number, and Song font for Chinese;
the font at the header and footer is 14 pt; the font of the title bar of the display area is 12pt, and the font is thickened; the information portion is then 11 pt.
4. The human-machine interface layout method for achieving efficient interaction of operating personnel and instrument control systems according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and step 3: human factor verification;
after the overall layout design of the human-computer interface is finished, displaying on an actual display screen; verifying item by item according to the relevant requirements of NUREG-0700Human-System Interface Design Review Guidelines; if the verification fails, the improvement is continued; and if the verification is passed, developing detailed man-machine interface design.
5. The human-machine interface layout method for achieving efficient interaction of operating personnel and instrument control systems according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: step 4, designing a header area;
the header displays a total alarm, a 5-class color alarm, an instrument control fault, a special rule state, namely E0 and F0, a variable temporary monitoring, namely analog quantity temporary threshold monitoring TT, an analog quantity temporary comparison VC and a switching quantity temporary monitoring BM, and a working condition, namely C0/E0 function in the form of a state indicator;
the header displays the main menus of pictures, alarms, rules, logs, state tables, current values, listing, trends, performance calculations, safety parameters, working conditions, system operation and the like in the form of the main menus.
6. The human-machine interface layout method for achieving efficient interaction of operating personnel and instrument control systems according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: step 5, designing a display area
The display area is divided in detail into three sections: title bar, information display area, function button area;
title bar: the first line is typically the title bar for the function, shown as alarm for the alarm function;
an information display area: displaying information corresponding to the function under the title bar, and generally, for a list type display form, at most 20-25 pieces of information are listed on each screen; every 5 strips are divided into a group, and the groups are separated by thick lines;
function button area: the function button lists the operation which can be carried out on the function, for example, for alarming, the operation which can be carried out comprises mode switching; a status of alarm; inquiring alarms, namely according to a system, according to an alarm position number, according to an alarm partition, according to alarm time and the like; operations for alarming, such as line confirmation, page confirmation, calling out of an alarm rule and the like; and a printing function;
for the process flow diagrams, each diagram covers the whole display area, and the operation or monitoring of the equipment or parameters on the diagram is realized through a popup object operation menu; and clicking the corresponding equipment or parameter on the picture to call up the object operation menu.
7. The human-machine interface layout method for achieving efficient interaction of operating personnel and instrument control systems according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: step 6, designing a footer area
Displaying a screen switching button at the footer; a server status indication; a previous screen button; a back screen button; a system overall state monitoring screen button; an alarm sound indicator; a screen copy button; the date and time; user name and level.
8. The human-machine interface layout method for achieving efficient interaction of operating personnel and instrument control systems according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: step 7, human factor verification
After the layout design of the human-computer interface is finished, displaying on an actual display screen; the method still verifies the display effect one by one according to the relevant requirements of the NUREG-0700Human-System Interface Design Review Guidelines, and ensures that the display effect meets the requirements of Human factors engineering through multiple corrections, and meanwhile, each function is smoothly linked, thereby ensuring that a friendly Human-computer Interface is provided for operators.
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