CN113158376A - Vortex eliminating structure of rectangular groove on inner wall of pump jet propeller guide pipe and design and processing method - Google Patents
Vortex eliminating structure of rectangular groove on inner wall of pump jet propeller guide pipe and design and processing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of underwater navigation body propellers, and particularly relates to a vortex eliminating structure of a rectangular groove in the inner wall of a guide pipe of a pump jet propeller, and a design and processing method of the vortex eliminating structure. The pump jet propeller guide pipe inner wall rectangular groove vortex-eliminating structure consists of a plurality of grooves which are uniformly arranged on the guide pipe inner wall in an annular array, and the axial positions of the grooves are consistent with the axial position of the rotor tip; the front end face of the groove is close to the leading edge of the rotor tip, the rear end face of the groove is close to the trailing edge of the rotor tip, and the front end face and the rear end face of the groove are both flat and perpendicular to the rotor shaft. According to the invention, the pump jet propeller with a certain number of rectangular grooves is arranged on the inner wall of the guide pipe, so that the speed of leakage flow and the pressure difference between a tip pressure surface and a suction surface are reduced, the strength and the leakage flow of a tip clearance separation vortex are weakened, the fusion of the separation vortex and the leakage flow is weakened, and the strength of the tip vortex is reduced; the damage and dissipation effect of the inner wall of the groove on vortex and leakage flow all cause the reduction of vortex strength, so that the pressure is increased, and the anti-cavitation performance of the pump jet propeller is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of underwater navigation body propellers, and particularly relates to a vortex eliminating structure of a rectangular groove in the inner wall of a guide pipe of a pump jet propeller, and a design and processing method of the vortex eliminating structure.
Background
The pump jet propeller has the advantages of effectively delaying cavitation, reducing radiation noise of an underwater vehicle, improving propelling efficiency and the like, and is widely applied to the underwater vehicle, but the pump jet propeller still has some problems in practical application, particularly a strong complex vortex system exists between the tip of a rotor and the inner wall of a guide pipe, and the abnormal vortex system not only can generate flow noise, but also can form a low-pressure area between the end surface of the tip of the rotor and the vortex core of the tip to cause cavitation of the tip gap and cavitation of the tip vortex, so that cavitation noise is generated, and the noise of the propeller is obviously increased. In addition, the abnormal strong vortex flow can also cause the rotor and the duct to generate excitation, and generate structural vibration noise. Therefore, controlling the tip vortex of the pump jet propeller is an important way for reducing the radiation noise of the pump jet propeller. The pump-jet propeller generally comprises a guide pipe and a stator blade which are fixed at the tail part of a boat body, and a rotor which is arranged on a main shaft, wherein a small gap, namely a blade tip gap, exists between the tip part of the rotor blade and the inner wall of the guide pipe, although the size of the blade tip gap is small, the flow field in the narrow space of the blade tip gap is the most complicated in the flow field in the guide pipe of the whole pump-jet propeller, because the surface of the rotor blade and the end surface of the blade tip have obvious included angle to form shape distortion, when the rotor blade rotates, a strong flow separation phenomenon can be generated near the boundary line of the end surface of the blade tip to form a tip gap separation vortex, the pressure in the area near the tip part is reduced sharply, tip gap cavitation is formed, meanwhile, fluid overturns from the pressure surface of the tip part to the end surface of the blade tip end surface to a suction surface, and the fluid overturn can form concentrated leakage vortex-tip vortex in the tail flow of the tip part of the rotor, at the vortex core of the tip vortex, the pressure is low, and tip vortex cavitation is easy to form. The cavitation of the tip gap of the pump jet propeller is firstly generated, the cavitation of the tip vortex can also be generated along with the increase of the rotating speed, and the cavitation of the blade back can be generated along with the continuous increase of the rotating speed, so in general, the cavitation of the tip gap and the cavitation of the tip vortex are prior to the cavitation of the rotor blade back, and the cavitation of the tip gap and the cavitation of the tip vortex are firstly solved to inhibit the cavitation of the pump jet propeller and improve the cavitation initial navigational speed of the pump jet propeller.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a vortex-eliminating structure of a rectangular groove on the inner wall of a guide pipe of a pump-jet propeller, and a design and processing method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
Taking a certain type of pump-jet propeller as an example, the pump-jet propeller mainly comprises a pump-jet propeller conduit, stator blades and rotor blades, wherein the rotor blades are fixed on a rotor hub, the rotor hub is arranged on a transmission shaft system extending out of the tail part of a hull, the transmission shaft system is connected with a propulsion motor arranged at the tail part of the hull, the rotor is driven to rotate by the propulsion motor arranged at the tail part of the hull, the conduit is fixedly connected with the stator, the stator hub is fixedly arranged at the tail part of the hull, the force generated by the conduit and the stator is transmitted to the hull through the stator hub, no hard contact modes such as a thrust bearing and the like exist between the rotor tip part and the conduit, the gap between the rotor tip part and the conduit is only filled with fluid, and the thrust bearing is arranged on the rotor shaft.
The rectangular groove vortex-eliminating structure for the inner wall of the pump jet propeller guide pipe consists of a plurality of grooves which are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the guide pipe in an annular array, and the axial positions of the grooves are consistent with the axial position of the tip of a rotor;
the front end face of the groove is close to the leading edge of the rotor tip, the rear end face of the groove is close to the trailing edge of the rotor tip, the front end face and the rear end face of the groove are both flat and perpendicular to the rotor shaft, and the cross section of the groove main body is rectangular.
The vortex eliminating structure of the rectangular groove on the inner wall of the jet propeller conduit is further optimized, and a circle guiding structure is arranged at the edge of the groove.
The application also provides a design method of the vortex eliminating structure of the rectangular groove in the inner wall of the guide pipe of the pump jet propeller, which comprises the following steps:
the method specifically comprises the steps of preliminarily determining main parameters of a rectangular groove on the inner wall of a guide pipe according to working parameters of a pump jet propeller and geometric shapes of the guide pipe and a rotor; the main parameters include at least: leading edge position, trailing edge position, axial width, radial depth, number of grooves;
for the leading edge position, let L1 be the difference between the groove leading edge position, which is positive before the rotor tip leading edge, and the rotor tip leading edge axial position; in step 1, the initial axial position of the groove front edge is consistent with the axial position of the rotor tip guide edge, namely L1 is 0; for the trailing edge position, let L2 be the difference between the groove trailing edge position and the rotor tip trailing edge axial position, the groove trailing edge is positive after the rotor tip trailing edge; in step 1, the initial axial position of the groove tail edge and the groove tail edge is consistent with the axial position of the trailing edge of the rotor tip, namely L2 is 0;
the initial radial depth H is set to 1/3 the thickness of the catheter where the groove is located; the initial axial width b is 1/240 of the circumference of the inner wall of the catheter at the position of the groove; the initial number N of grooves is 120; the included angle between the axis of the groove and the axis of the rotor is theta;
step 6, taking the optimization result of the step 5 as an initial state, changing an included angle between the axis of the groove and the axis of the rotor, determining an influence rule of the angle of the groove, the lowest pressure of the tip end face of the rotor and the pressure of the tip vortex core of the rotor, and selecting the groove angle corresponding to the condition that the pressure of the tip end face is lowest and the pressure increment of the tip vortex core of the rotor is maximum as the optimization result of the angle of the groove;
and 7, sequentially changing the shapes of all edges of the groove into circle guiding structures with different radiuses on the basis of the optimization result of the step 6, determining the influence rule of the radius of the circle guiding of the edge of the groove on the lowest pressure of the tip end face of the rotor and the pressure of the vortex core of the tip of the rotor, and selecting the groove angle corresponding to the time when the pressure of the tip end face is lowest and the pressure increment of the vortex core of the tip of the rotor is maximum as the optimization result of the radius of the circle guiding of the groove.
The application also provides a processing method of the vortex-eliminating structure of the rectangular groove on the inner wall of the conduit, and particularly, the conduit is divided into a front section and a rear section at the front end face of the groove by adopting a sectional processing method, and the joints are butted by adopting a step structure; in addition, the groove part is separately processed, and a lower annular groove is reserved at the groove on the inner wall of the conduit. The pipe main body is made of composite materials (carbon fibers or glass fibers), metal parts are arranged at the front and rear joints and the annular groove, the annular metal parts with holes are embedded inside the front and rear pipe step joint, the square metal parts with threaded holes are embedded inside the corresponding positions of the rear end pipe and the groove, and the pipe main body is assembled and connected through bolts during installation.
The beneficial effects are that:
according to the pump jet propeller with the certain number of rectangular grooves formed in the inner wall of the guide pipe, the grooves are formed in the inner wall of the guide pipe, so that the clearance at the tip part of the rotor is increased, the radial gradient of the speed is reduced, the radial free vortex becomes dispersed, the speed of the leakage flow and the pressure difference between the pressure surface and the suction surface at the tip part are reduced, the strength and the leakage flow of the separation vortex of the tip clearance are weakened, the fusion of the separation vortex and the leakage flow is weakened, and the strength of the tip vortex is reduced; the damage and dissipation effect of the inner wall of the groove on vortex and leakage flow all cause the reduction of vortex strength, so that the pressure is increased, and the anti-cavitation performance of the pump jet propeller is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a pump jet;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a pump jet;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a pump jet impeller with a rectangular groove formed in the inner wall of the conduit;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of trench structure dimensions;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of trench structure arrangement and angle setting;
FIG. 6 is a comparison of pressure clouds at locations near the end face of the rotor tip without grooves (upper) and with grooves (lower);
FIG. 7 is a comparison of rotor tip wake vortices at the absence of a groove (upper) and the inclusion of a groove (lower);
FIG. 8 is a comparison of rotor tip wake vortex pressure clouds without grooves (left) and with grooves (right);
FIG. 9 is a plot of rotor tip wake vortex tip vortex trajectory and area comparison without (left) and with (right) grooves;
FIG. 10 is a view of a catheter process with a rectangular groove vortex reducing structure;
the reference numbers include:
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, for an a-type underwater vehicle, since the intersection of the tip end face of the rotor of the pump jet propeller, the pressure face and the suction face of the rotor has a sharp corner, which causes shape distortion, the rotor will form a sharp flow discontinuity near the intersection line during rotation, which causes strong fluid separation, separation vortex, and a sharp pressure drop in the region near the tip end face, and the drop increases with the increase of the rotor speed, which leads to cavitation-tip clearance cavitation at the tip end face of the blade. Meanwhile, the pressure value of the rotor blade surface is large, the pressure value of the rotor blade back is low, pressure difference exists between the rotor blade surface and the rotor blade back, and near the end face of the tip of the rotor, because the distance between the pressure surface and the suction surface is small, a large pressure gradient can be formed between the tip blade surface and the blade back at the corresponding position, fluid can overturn to the end face of the tip of the blade from the pressure surface and then overturn to the suction surface from the end face of the tip of the blade, and fluid overturn near the tip of the rotor can intensify fluid separation near the end face of the tip. In addition, the linear velocity of the rotor blade tip is relatively high, the inner wall of the conduit is stationary, the clearance between the inner wall of the conduit and the rotor tip end surface is relatively small, the linear velocity is very different, the circumferential velocity of the fluid in contact with the rotor tip end surface in the clearance between the rotor tip end surface and the inner wall of the conduit is equal to the linear velocity of the rotor according to the nature of the viscous fluid, the velocity of the fluid in contact with the inner wall of the conduit is zero, and the clearance is usually very small, so the gradient of the circumferential velocity of the flow in the clearance between the rotor tip end surface and the inner wall of the conduit in the radial direction is very large, a strong "swept vortex" is formed at the rotor end surface, and the flow distribution characteristic aggravates the flow separation tendency near the rotor tip, and the pressure drop in the area near the rotor tip is increased. The fluid is overturned from the tip pressure surface to the tip end surface and then overturned from the tip end surface to the suction surface, the fluid overturning can also enable the fluid to form concentrated leakage vortexes in the wake flow of the rotor tip, and the tip vortex cavitation is easily formed because the pressure is very low at the vortex core of the tip leakage vortexes.
The above factors interfere with each other and influence each other, and finally the pump jet propeller is easy to generate cavitation near the tip of the rotor in the working process, so that the noise is obviously increased, and the sailing speed and the stealth capability of the ship or the underwater vehicle are greatly limited.
Through simulation, under the working condition that the underwater vehicle has the navigation speed of 18kn and the rotor rotating speed of 600rpm, the lowest pressure amplitude of the tip end face of the rotor, the average value of the lowest pressure of the tip end face of the rotor, the vortex core pressure amplitude of the 0.03R wake vortex and the average value of the vortex core pressure of the 0.03R wake vortex are shown in the table 1 during straight line navigation.
TABLE 1 rotor tip end face and 0.03R trailing vortex face pressure data
Based on the current situation and the problems, the invention provides a pump jet propeller with a certain number of rectangular grooves formed on the inner wall of a guide pipe as shown in figures 2 and 3, which comprises a guide pipe 1 with grooves, a stator 2 (with a stator hub 4) and a rotor 3 (with a rotor hub 5). The size, shape and position of the groove are shown in fig. 4 and 5, the axial length of the rotor is L0, the front end face of the groove is positioned in front of the leading edge of the blade tip section, the axial distance between the front end face of the groove and the leading edge of the blade tip section is L1, the rear end face of the groove is positioned behind the trailing edge of the blade tip section, the axial distance between the rear end face of the groove and the trailing edge of the blade tip section is L2, and the axial length of the groove is L0+ L1+ L2. The circumferential width of the grooves is b, the radial depth of the grooves is H, the number of the arranged grooves is N, and the included angle between the axis of the grooves and the axis of the rotor is theta. The guide pipe with the groove and the stator are processed together and are fixed at the tail part of the submarine body through the stator hub, the stator and the guide pipe line can be designed according to specific conditions, and the guide pipe can be an accelerating guide pipe or a decelerating guide pipe. The rotor is connected with the transmission shaft through the rotor hub to provide thrust. The rotor blades are fixed on a rotor hub, the rotor hub is arranged on a transmission shaft system extending out of the tail of the boat body, the transmission shaft system is connected with a propulsion motor arranged at the tail of the boat body, and the rotor is driven to rotate to work by the propulsion motor arranged at the tail of the boat body; the inner wall of the guide pipe is provided with a groove, the guide pipe is fixedly connected with the stator, the stator hub is fixedly arranged at the tail of the hull, the force generated by the guide pipe and the stator is transmitted to the hull through the stator hub, fluid is filled between the tip of the rotor and the guide pipe, and the thrust bearing is arranged on the rotor shaft.
Through simulation, under the working conditions that the navigation speed is 18kn and the rotor rotation speed is 600rpm, the lowest pressure amplitude of the tip end face of the rotor, the lowest pressure average value of the tip end face of the rotor, the vortex core pressure amplitude of the 0.03R wake vortex surface and the vortex core pressure average value of the 0.03R wake vortex surface are shown in the table 2 when the pump jet propeller based on the invention is provided with a certain number of rectangular grooves on the inner wall of the guide pipe.
TABLE 2 rotor tip end face and 0.03R trailing vortex face pressure data and their corresponding data changes compared to TABLE 1
When the rotor rotates to a certain same position, the comparison result of the pressure distribution cloud chart at the position near the end face of the tip part of the rotor is shown in fig. 6, the comparison result of the vortex quantity cloud chart of the tip part of the rotor is shown in fig. 7, the comparison result of the pressure cloud chart of the vortex core of the tip part of the rotor is shown in fig. 8, and the comparison result of the trace form and the area size of the tip vortex after visualization processing is shown in fig. 9.
As can be seen from fig. 6, in the pump jet propeller of the present invention, the inner wall of the conduit is provided with a certain number of rectangular grooves, and during the rotation of the rotor, the groove structure can effectively improve the tip flow field of the rotor, increase the lowest pressure of the tip end face of the rotor, improve the pressure distribution of the tip end face of the entire rotor, and increase the average pressure of the entire end face, i.e., the grooves can delay the occurrence of cavitation of the tip end face, and can reduce the cavitation area of the end face when cavitation occurs.
As can be seen from fig. 7, 8 and 9, the pump jet propeller according to the present invention, in which a certain number of axial grooves are formed in the inner wall of the duct, increases the clearance at the tip of the rotor due to the grooves formed in the inner wall of the duct, reduces the radial gradient of the speed, disperses the radial free vortex, and reduces the speed of the leakage flow and the pressure difference between the pressure surface and the suction surface at the tip, so that the strength and the leakage flow of the tip clearance separation vortex are weakened, the fusion of the separation vortex and the leakage flow is weakened, and the strength of the tip vortex is reduced; the damage and dissipation effect of the inner wall of the groove on vortex and leakage flow all cause the reduction of vortex strength, so that the pressure is increased, and the anti-cavitation performance of the pump jet propeller is improved.
As can be seen from the analysis of the table 2, compared with the conventional pump-jet propeller, the pump-jet propeller provided with a certain number of rectangular grooves on the inner wall of the conduit according to the invention can effectively reduce the lowest amplitude of tip wake vortexes, and the amplitude is reduced by more than 76.95%; the pressure amplitude of the tip end face is obviously reduced, and the amplitude is reduced by more than 11.2%; the flow of the tip of the rotor can be obviously controlled, the tip vortex cavitation can be basically avoided, the speed noise of the pump jet propeller is reduced, and the effect of improving the stealth of the underwater vehicle is achieved.
Meanwhile, in order to facilitate the application of the propeller of the invention on the existing equipment or a submersible vehicle, simultaneously improve the design efficiency of the propeller and reduce the difficulty of popularization and application, the invention also provides a design method for arranging a certain number of rectangular grooves on the inner wall of a guide pipe of a pump jet propeller to eliminate vortex structures, which comprises the following steps:
(1) according to working parameters such as the rotating speed and the advancing speed of a pump-jet propeller and the geometric shapes of a guide pipe and a rotor, the main parameters such as the front edge position, the rear edge position, the circumferential width, the radial depth and the number of grooves of a rectangular groove on the inner wall of the guide pipe are preliminarily determined, L1 is used as the difference value between the front edge position of the groove and the axial position of a guide edge of a tip of the rotor, the front edge of the groove is positive in front of the front edge of the tip of the rotor, L2 is used as the difference value between the rear edge position of the groove and the axial position of the trailing edge of the tip of the rotor, the rear edge of the groove is positive behind the trailing edge of the tip of the rotor, the initial axial position of the front edge of the groove is consistent with the axial position of the guide edge of the tip of the rotor, namely L1 is 0, the initial axial position of the groove rear edge of the groove is consistent with the axial position of the trailing edge of the tip of the rotor, namely L2 is 0, the initial radial depth H can be set to be 1/3 of the thickness of the position of the guide pipe at the position of the groove, and the initial circumferential width b is set to be 1/240 of the circumference of the inner wall of the guide pipe at the position of the groove, the initial number of grooves N may be set to 120 with the groove axis at an angle theta to the rotor axis.
(2) And calculating the flow field and hydrodynamic force of the pump jet propeller without the groove and with the initial groove by adopting a CFD (computational fluid dynamics) method to obtain the lowest pressure value of the end face of the tip of the rotor and the pressure of the vortex nucleus of the tip of the rotor when the groove and the initial groove are absent, and preliminarily analyzing the influence of the groove on the lowest pressure value of the end face of the tip of the rotor, the pressure of the vortex nucleus of the tip vortex nucleus of the rotor and the propulsion efficiency.
(3) Changing the position of the front edge of the groove, recalculating a flow field and hydrodynamic force of the pump jet propeller, analyzing the influence of the front edge of the groove on the calculation of the circumferential position of the front edge of the groove on the lowest pressure value of the end face of the rotor tip, the pressure of the vortex core of the rotor tip and the propulsion efficiency to obtain the influence law of the axial position of the front edge of the groove on the lowest pressure value of the end face of the rotor tip and the pressure of the vortex core of the rotor tip, wherein the influence of the position of the front edge of the groove on the propulsion efficiency can be ignored, when the position of the front edge of the groove is in a certain position before the axial position of the guide edge of the rotor tip, the increment of the lowest pressure of the end face of the rotor tip and the pressure of the vortex core of the rotor tip reaches the maximum value, and selecting the position of the front edge of the groove at the moment as the optimized position of the front edge of the groove.
(4) And (4) taking the optimization result of the step (3) as an initial state, changing the axial position of the tail edge of the groove to obtain the rule of the influence of the axial position of the tail edge of the groove on the lowest pressure value of the end surface of the rotor tip and the pressure of the vortex core of the rotor tip, wherein generally speaking, when the position of the tail edge of the groove is at a certain position behind the axial position of the trailing edge of the rotor tip, the lowest pressure value of the end surface of the rotor tip and the increment of the pressure of the vortex core of the rotor tip reach maximum values, and selecting the position of the tail edge of the groove at the moment as the optimization position of the tail edge of the groove.
(5) And (5) taking the optimization result of the step (4) as an initial state, respectively changing the circumferential width and the number of the grooves to obtain the rule of the influence of the circumferential width and the number of the grooves on the lowest pressure value of the end surface of the rotor tip and the pressure of the vortex core of the rotor tip, and selecting the optimization result of the circumferential width and the number of the grooves with the lowest pressure value of the end surface of the rotor tip and the maximum pressure increment of the vortex core of the rotor tip.
(6) And (5) changing the radial depth of the groove to obtain the rule of the influence of the radial depth of the groove on the lowest pressure value of the end face of the tip of the rotor and the pressure of the vortex core of the tip of the rotor by taking the optimization result of the step (5) as an initial state.
(7) And (4) changing an included angle between the axis of the groove and the axis of the rotor by taking the optimization result of the step (6) as an initial state to obtain an influence rule of the groove angle on the lowest pressure of the tip end face of the rotor and the pressure of the tip vortex core of the rotor, and selecting the groove angle corresponding to the lowest pressure of the tip end face and the maximum increment of the pressure of the tip vortex core of the rotor as the optimization result of the groove angle.
(8) And (4) sequentially changing the shapes of all edges of the groove into circle guiding structures with different radiuses on the basis of the optimization result of the step (7), obtaining the influence rule of the circle guiding radiuses of the edges of the groove on the lowest pressure of the tip end face of the rotor and the pressure of the vortex core of the tip of the rotor, and selecting the groove angle corresponding to the lowest pressure of the tip end face and the maximum increment of the pressure of the vortex core of the tip of the rotor as the optimization result of the circle guiding radiuses of the groove.
(9) And (4) analyzing the thrust, the torque, the efficiency, the blade tip end face pressure, the tip vortex core strength and the tip vortex core pressure of the pump jet propeller on the basis of the optimization result of the step (8), and evaluating the hydrodynamic performance, the tip vortex control effect and the anti-cavitation effect of the pump jet propeller by evaluating the groove structure.
In order to facilitate the application of the invention to the existing equipment or a submersible vehicle and reduce the difficulty of popularization and application, the invention also provides a processing method of a rectangular groove vortex-eliminating structure on the inner wall of the conduit, as shown in fig. 10: by adopting a sectional processing method, the guide pipe is divided into a front section (1 a) and a rear section (1 b) at the front end face of the groove 1c, and the joints are butted by adopting a step structure; in addition, the groove part is separately processed, and a lower annular groove is reserved at the groove on the inner wall of the conduit. The main body of the conduit is made of composite materials (carbon fibers or glass fibers), metal parts are adopted at the front and rear joints and the annular groove, annular metal parts 9a and 90a with holes are embedded inside the joints of the front and rear sections of conduit terraces, a square metal part 9b with a threaded hole is embedded inside the corresponding position of the rear end conduit and the groove, and the front and rear sections of conduit terraces are assembled and connected through bolts during installation.
Because the high-efficient discernment is difficult to after partly cloud picture decoloration, this application still provides the original paper of corresponding picture for the reference.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A rectangular groove vortex-eliminating structure of the inner wall of a conduit is characterized by consisting of a plurality of grooves which are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the conduit in an annular array, and the axial positions of the grooves are consistent with the axial position of the tip of a rotor; the front end face of the groove is close to the leading edge of the rotor tip, the rear end face of the groove is close to the trailing edge of the rotor tip, the front end face and the rear end face of the groove are both flat and perpendicular to the rotor shaft, and the cross section of the groove main body is rectangular.
2. The rectangular groove vortex reducing structure of the inner wall of the conduit according to claim 1, wherein a rounding structure is arranged at the edge of the groove.
3. A design method of a vortex-eliminating structure of a rectangular groove in the inner wall of a guide pipe of a pump-jet propeller is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, determining initial design parameters of a rectangular groove on the inner wall of a conduit;
the method specifically comprises the steps of preliminarily determining main parameters of a rectangular groove on the inner wall of a guide pipe according to working parameters of a pump jet propeller and geometric shapes of the guide pipe and a rotor; the main parameters include at least: leading edge position, trailing edge position, axial width, radial depth, number of grooves;
for the leading edge position, let L1 be the difference between the groove leading edge position, which is positive before the rotor tip leading edge, and the rotor tip leading edge axial position; in step 1, the initial axial position of the groove front edge is consistent with the axial position of the rotor tip guide edge, namely L1 is 0; for the trailing edge position, let L2 be the difference between the groove trailing edge position and the rotor tip trailing edge axial position, the groove trailing edge is positive after the rotor tip trailing edge; in step 1, the initial axial position of the groove tail edge and the groove tail edge is consistent with the axial position of the trailing edge of the rotor tip, namely L2 is 0;
the initial radial depth H is set to 1/3 the thickness of the catheter where the groove is located; the initial axial width b is 1/240 of the circumference of the inner wall of the catheter at the position of the groove; the initial number N of grooves is 120; the included angle between the axis of the groove and the axis of the rotor is theta;
step 2, changing the position of the front edge of the groove by taking the result of the step 1 as an initial state, recalculating the flow field and the hydrodynamic force of the pump jet propeller, determining the relationship between the axial position of the front edge of the groove and the lowest pressure value of the end surface of the tip of the rotor, the pressure of the vortex core of the tip of the rotor and the propelling efficiency, obtaining the influence rule of the axial position of the front edge of the groove on the lowest pressure value of the end surface of the tip of the rotor and the pressure of the vortex core of the tip of the rotor, adjusting the position of the front edge of the groove until the pressure of the end surface of the tip of the rotor is lowest and the increment of the pressure of the vortex core of the tip of the rotor reaches the maximum, and selecting the position of the front edge of the groove at the moment as the optimized position of the front edge of the groove;
step 3, changing the axial position of the tail edge of the groove by taking the optimization result of the step 2 as an initial state, determining the influence rule of the axial position of the tail edge of the groove, the lowest pressure value of the end face of the tip of the rotor and the pressure of the vortex core of the tip of the rotor, adjusting the position of the tail edge of the groove until the pressure of the end face of the tip of the rotor is lowest and the increment of the pressure of the vortex core of the tip of the rotor reaches the maximum, and selecting the position of the tail edge of the groove at the moment as the optimization position of the tail edge of the groove;
step 4, taking the optimization result of the step 3 as an initial state, respectively changing the axial width and the number of the grooves, determining the influence rule of the axial width and the number of the grooves, the lowest pressure value of the end face of the rotor tip and the pressure of the vortex core of the rotor tip, and selecting the axial width and the number of the grooves which enable the pressure of the end face of the rotor tip to be lowest and the pressure increment of the vortex core of the rotor tip to be maximum as the optimization result;
step 5, taking the optimization result of the step 4 as an initial state, changing the radial depth of the groove to obtain the influence rule of the radial depth of the groove, the lowest pressure value of the end face of the tip of the rotor and the pressure of the vortex core of the tip of the rotor, adjusting the depth of the groove, and taking the depth of the groove when the pressure of the end face of the tip is lowest and the pressure increment of the vortex core of the tip of the rotor is kept unchanged as the optimization result of the depth of the groove;
step 6, taking the optimization result of the step 5 as an initial state, changing an included angle between the axis of the groove and the axis of the rotor, determining an influence rule of the angle of the groove, the lowest pressure of the tip end face of the rotor and the pressure of the tip vortex core of the rotor, and selecting the groove angle corresponding to the condition that the pressure of the tip end face is lowest and the pressure increment of the tip vortex core of the rotor is maximum as the optimization result of the angle of the groove;
and 7, sequentially changing the shapes of all edges of the groove into circle guiding structures with different radiuses on the basis of the optimization result of the step 6, determining the influence rule of the radius of the circle guiding of the edge of the groove on the lowest pressure of the tip end face of the rotor and the pressure of the vortex core of the tip of the rotor, and selecting the groove angle corresponding to the time when the pressure of the tip end face is lowest and the pressure increment of the vortex core of the tip of the rotor is maximum as the optimization result of the radius of the circle guiding of the groove.
4. A processing method of a vortex-eliminating structure of a rectangular groove on the inner wall of a conduit is characterized in that a sectional processing technology is adopted, the conduit is divided into a front section and a rear section at the front end face of the groove, and the joints are butted by adopting a step structure; separately processing the groove part, and reserving a lower annular groove at the groove on the inner wall of the conduit;
the pipe main body is made of composite materials, metal parts are arranged at the front and rear joints and the annular groove, the annular metal parts with holes are embedded inside the front and rear pipe step joints, the square metal parts with threaded holes are embedded inside the positions, corresponding to the grooves, of the rear end pipe, and the square metal parts are assembled and connected through bolts during installation.
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