CN113158372A - Engineering machinery product quality improvement method oriented to self-adaptive design - Google Patents

Engineering machinery product quality improvement method oriented to self-adaptive design Download PDF

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CN113158372A
CN113158372A CN202110433792.1A CN202110433792A CN113158372A CN 113158372 A CN113158372 A CN 113158372A CN 202110433792 A CN202110433792 A CN 202110433792A CN 113158372 A CN113158372 A CN 113158372A
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engineering machinery
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CN113158372B (en
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邵宏宇
李佳骏
郭伟
张元戎
袁伟
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Tianjin University
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    • G06F30/17Mechanical parametric or variational design

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving the quality of engineering machinery products facing self-adaptive design, which comprises the following steps: on the basis of the overall demand graph of the engineering machinery product, a module definition graph is selected to analyze the function and the structure of the engineering machinery product; performing fault information modeling and analysis by using main components; selecting a module definition graph to define and analyze the fault type of the main component; constructing a parameter pool and a relation pool, importing the parameter pool and the relation pool into gephi modeling software, carrying out secondary processing on the parameter pool and the relation pool, converting the parameter pool and the relation pool into a csv format, and expressing the relation between design parameters by the numbered design parameters through the directivity of numbered elements; after a network model is established, Force Atlas layout is selected, the centralized authority greater than the design network node is displayed, and the connection of the layout is automatically and stably improved. The invention carries out self-adaptive design by solving the key parameters, thereby quickly meeting the customer requirements of dynamic change and improving the quality.

Description

Engineering machinery product quality improvement method oriented to self-adaptive design
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of engineering machinery, in particular to a method for improving the quality of an engineering machinery product facing self-adaptive design.
Background
With the continuous development of urbanization construction in China, rail transit represented by subways gradually becomes one of the main public travel modes. The shield tunneling machine is used as a common tunneling engineering mechanical device in modern underground rail transit construction, and the demand of the shield tunneling machine is increasing day by day. The shield cutter head and the spiral conveyor are used as main parts of a shield machine product, and the shield machine has the characteristics of high design difficulty, complex design process and long design period.
The self-adaptive design is to generate and solve dynamic function parameters and structure parameters from the aspect of product function realization and structure realization in the product design process with the aim of meeting the function requirements of customers. The core problem of product self-adaptive design realizes the adaptability of product functions to customer requirements, the current traditional product modeling method lacks system modeling and description of product function requirements, and simultaneously lacks reasonable expression of complex structure information of products, so that designers lack unified model standards, and the product development cycle of self-adaptive design is prolonged.
SysML, a graphical modeling language, can be used to visualize and communicate the design of social technology systems of various scales, and can integrate the following: the system engineering views such as requirements, mathematical parameters, tool management, maintenance design and the like are widely applied to the research and development of complex equipment in recent years.
The complex network model performs hierarchical expansion operation based on certain granularity on a topological relation network with certain dimensionality, encapsulates the internal topological structure and represents the property of the internal structure through the property of the whole node. In recent years, complex network technologies are increasingly used to solve complex problems in the engineering field, including: modeling of a complex product parameter network and module division of a complex mechanical product.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a quality improvement method of engineering machinery products facing self-adaptive design, which applies SysML system modeling language and complex network technology to model and analyze the engineering machinery products, solves key parameters to carry out self-adaptive design, quickly meets the customer requirements of dynamic change and the improvement on quality, and is described in detail as follows:
a method for improving quality of engineering machinery products facing adaptive design, the method comprises the following steps:
on the basis of the overall demand graph of the machine, a module definition graph is selected to analyze the function and the structure of the machine;
performing fault information modeling and analysis by using main components; selecting a module definition graph to define and analyze the fault type of the main component;
importing the parameter pool and the relation pool into gephi modeling software, carrying out secondary processing on the parameter pool and the relation pool, converting the secondary processing into a csv format, and expressing the relation between the design parameters by the numbered design parameters through the numbers and the directivity of the numbers;
after a network model is established, Force Atlas layout is selected, the centralized authority greater than the design network node is displayed, and the connection of the layout is automatically and stably improved.
The method for modeling and analyzing the fault information by using the main components specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting design parameters required in the engineering machinery product design process to form a parameter pool, and mining the relationship between the parameters to form a relationship pool;
(2) converting the parameter information in the parameter pool into a csv format which can be identified by gephi software, and importing the csv format into the gephi software;
(3) and (3) carrying out layout optimization on the parameter relation network generated preliminarily by the software, and converting the parameter relation network into a network model which is visual and convenient to analyze.
Further, the importance of the parameter node is measured by the degree index, the clustering coefficient index and the intermediary index of the node.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention overcomes the limitation that the existing document describes information such as product function requirements, structural modules, faults and the like, solves the problems that the existing engineering machinery product modeling method is poor in interactivity and cannot improve the self-adaptive design efficiency, and aims to provide an engineering machinery product self-adaptive design modeling method based on SysML and a complex network;
2. the SysML model has the biggest characteristic that the interfaces and data streams of models built by various design departments are coordinated and consistent, and the complex network model can more quickly determine key parameters and further reduce iteration, so that the efficiency of product self-adaptive design and quality improvement is greatly improved, and the dynamic change of customer requirements is met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for improving the quality of a work machine product for adaptive design;
FIG. 2 is a demand diagram for a screw conveyor product as a whole;
FIG. 3 is a sub-demand diagram of the "earth pressure balance" sub-function;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a screw conveyor product composition;
FIG. 5 is a functional structural view of "soil slag transportation";
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the failure analysis of the "screw axis".
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below.
This example is a system model of a screw conveyor product. The screw conveyor is an important component of a shield machine, is a typical engineering mechanical device with a complex structure, and has the main functions of: the soil slag is conveyed out of the shield from the soil bin, and the function of the screw conveyor is summarized as follows:
and conveying muck, and continuously discharging the muck in the soil bin by using a screw conveyor to meet the excavation requirement of the shield machine. By forming the soil plug, pressure within the soil bin is established. Screw conveyer can form leakproofness soil stopper structure at the course of the work, can effectively reduce the inside moisture of soil body and scatter and disappear, guarantees simultaneously that the soil pressure in the soil storehouse remains stable.
The slag discharge speed is adjusted to realize the dynamic soil pressure balance of the soil bin. In the operation process of the screw conveyor, an operator can continuously monitor soil pressure parameters in the soil bin through the soil pressure sensor, and then the outward discharge speed of the soil body is dynamically adjusted, so that the soil pressure in the soil bin is maintained to be stable within a certain range.
The screw conveyer mainly comprises a screw shaft, a cylinder, a driving device, a gate and other mechanisms. An access door is arranged on the side surface of the cylinder body, so that the screw shaft can be conveniently overhauled;
the middle part of the cylinder body is provided with a fixing device for fixing the screw machine;
two telescopic oil cylinders are arranged on two sides of the telescopic joint, so that the telescopic joint has a telescopic function;
the cylinder is provided with a foam and bentonite injection hole, and the residue soil performance in the screw machine is improved if necessary;
the energy accumulator is provided, and the gate can be closed emergently when the power is cut off.
In addition, the screw machine is provided with a transportation bracket, so that the requirement of long-distance transportation is met.
A large number of relevant design documents are generated in the design of conventional screw conveyors. When the documents are communicated among departments, the problems of low communication efficiency, fuzzy design parameter definition, complicated design document management and updating and the like are easily caused.
The SysML system modeling language may be used to communicate design with users of the system, maintenance personnel, and designers who may debug and further develop and modify the system.
Systematic modeling of screw conveyors using SysML helps solve the above problem.
Due to the complex structure of the spiral conveyor, the modeling elements involved in the demand graph are very many.
Therefore, aiming at different types of modeling elements in the SysML demand graph, the functions of the spiral shield machine can be described in a demand mode by respectively establishing a total demand graph and a sub-demand graph.
And analyzing the requirements of the spiral conveyer to abstract the functions required to be realized by the spiral conveyer into a conceptual model.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of the overall functional requirements of the screw conveyor. The screw conveyor needs to decompose the total functional requirements to realize the function of conveying the soil residues.
Re1.1 is a description of the "soil delivery" sub-requirement; re1.1.1 "screw shaft" and Re1.1.2 "drive system" are the sub-requirements derived from Re1.1, the requirements being described as "rotationally propelling the earth and slag discharge and powering the screw shaft".
Re1.2 is the description of the functional requirement of 'soil pressure balance', and the sub-requirements Re1.2.1 'soil pressure sensor' and Re1.2.2 'control system' are derived on the basis of Re1.2, and the requirements are described as 'real-time monitoring of soil pressure in a soil bin' and 'processing of soil pressure data and sending of a soil pressure adjusting signal'.
Re1.3 is a description of the requirement for "emergency shutdown", Re1.3.1 "surge gates" and Re1.3.2 "telescoping systems" are derived from the sub-requirement Re1.3, which is described as "surge gate closed" and "screw shaft retracted", respectively.
Taking the sub-requirement of soil pressure balance as an example to carry out requirement analysis. Fig. 3 is a diagram of the screw conveyor "earth pressure balance" sub-requirement. The description of "soil pressure balance" is "keeping the pressure balance between the soil bin and the screw conveyor and the balance between the soil inlet amount and the soil outlet amount in the soil bin", and both need to be solved by "adjusting the soil outlet amount of the screw conveyor".
The soil pressure balance can derive two sub-requirements, namely Re1.2.1 pressure maintaining and Re1.2.2 pressure balance adjusting, and the requirements are respectively described as the pressure balance of the screw conveyor and the pressure forming of the soil bin and the screw conveyor and the soil bin and excavation face adjusting.
On the basis of the overall demand graph of the spiral conveyor, a module definition graph (BDD) is selected to analyze the function and the structure of the spiral conveyor.
The screw conveyor system is described and divided into three modules, namely conveying soil slag, balancing soil pressure and cutting off in an emergency manner, as shown in fig. 4.
Wherein, the 'conveying soil slag module' defines component attributes (Parts) and comprises a 'screw shaft' and a 'driving system'; parameter attributes (Value) are defined, including "power", "screw shaft rotation speed", and "maximum soil output", etc.
The 'soil pressure balance module' defines component attributes (Parts), including 'soil pressure sensors' and 'control systems'; the parameter attribute (Value) "soil pressure" and "soil pressure preset Value" are defined.
The "slam shut module" defines the component attributes (Parts) "telescoping system" and "anti-surge door". Taking the "conveying soil slag module" as an example, the structural analysis is performed, as shown in fig. 5.
The driving system defines the attributes of the components such as the motor, the hydraulic pump, the hydraulic motor, the speed reducer, the slewing bearing and the like, defines the efficiency of the attribute motor power, the motor and the like, and can calculate the total efficiency.
The module defines three parameters, including: power, maximum soil output and spiral shaft speed. The screw conveyor system is complex, the working environment is severe, and a large amount of water, sediment and stone slag are contacted during working, so that the screw conveyor has many failure reasons.
Common faults of the spiral conveyor are combed and analyzed, so that fault reasons can be found quickly, and the fault problem can be solved; meanwhile, reference is provided for normal maintenance and cleaning work and design of the screw conveyor. Common faults can also provide reference basis for the design of the screw conveyor, and adjustment is carried out according to actual engineering conditions, so that the product adaptability is improved.
Taking a main component screw shaft as an example to carry out fault information modeling and analysis; and (4) defining and analyzing the fault type of the spiral shaft by using a module definition diagram (BDD).
FIG. 6 is a view showing a failure structure of the screw axis. The main types of failure are breakage, wear and deformation of the mechanical structure. The combination of the structural characteristics of the screw shaft can be divided into six main forms of screw shaft cracking/breaking, screw shaft abrasion, screw shaft deformation, blade cracking/breaking, blade abrasion, blade deformation and the like.
For the modeling process of the design parameter complex network model, the method is mainly divided into three stages:
(1) collecting design parameters required in the engineering machinery product design process to form a parameter pool, and mining the relationship between the parameters to form a relationship pool.
(2) And converting the parameter information in the parameter pool into a csv format which can be identified by the gephi software, and importing the csv format into the gephi software.
(3) And after successful import, performing layout optimization on the parameter relation network generated preliminarily by the software, and converting the parameter relation network into a network model which is visual and convenient to analyze.
Specifically, taking a screw conveyor as an example, some design parameters are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0003029015920000051
And importing the parameter pool and the parameter relation pool into gephi modeling software. And carrying out secondary processing on the parameter pool and the parameter relation pool, and converting the parameter pool and the parameter relation pool into a csv format. The numbered design parameters represent the relationship between the design parameters by the number and the directionality of the number.
After the network model is established, a Force Atlas layout is selected (known to those skilled in the art, and details are not described here in the embodiments of the present invention). The layout can enable the graph to be more compact, the readability is enhanced, the centralized authority greater than that of the designed network nodes is displayed, and the connection of the layout is automatically and stably improved.
Further, selecting the spiral shaft as a research object through the fault analysis; and (3) selecting the screw pitch, the torque and the geological conditions of the screw conveyor as important design parameters by combining engineering practice, and performing complex network analysis.
The importance of a parameter node is mainly measured by the following three parameters: node degree index D, aggregation coefficient index J and medium index Z.
Based on three major indexes of the node, the importance of the node can be evaluated to a certain extent, and the calculation formula is as follows:
Pi=αDi+βJi+δZi (1)
in the formula, alpha, beta and delta are index weighting coefficients, and depend on the emphasis of the corresponding capacity of three indexes in engineering practice.
And integrating the key design parameters and the fault analysis result, and performing adaptive optimization and technical improvement on the key parameters of the engineering machinery product.
The "seal failure type" described in the "failure information modeling" step above is taken as an example. The key parameters associated therewith include "bearing form", "muck properties", "screw conveyor speed", etc. A rolling bearing is adopted, foaming agent is injected into the dregs to improve the sealing property and the flow plasticity of the dregs, and the rotating speed of a spiral shaft is reasonably selected to improve the sealing quality of the spiral conveyor.
In the embodiment of the present invention, except for the specific description of the model of each device, the model of other devices is not limited, as long as the device can perform the above functions.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the drawings are only schematic illustrations of preferred embodiments, and the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely provided for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (3)

1. A quality improvement method for engineering machinery products of adaptive design is characterized by comprising the following steps:
on the basis of the overall demand graph of the engineering machinery product, a module definition graph is selected to analyze the function and the structure of the engineering machinery product;
performing fault information modeling and analysis by using main components; selecting a module definition graph to define and analyze the fault type of the main component;
importing the parameter pool and the relation pool into gephi modeling software, carrying out secondary processing on the parameter pool and the relation pool, converting the secondary processing into a csv format, and expressing the relation between the design parameters by the numbered design parameters through the numbers and the directivity of the numbers;
after a network model is established, Force Atlas layout is selected, the centralized authority greater than the design network node is displayed, and the connection of the layout is automatically and stably improved.
2. The method for improving the quality of the engineering machinery product oriented to the adaptive design as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fault information modeling and analysis by using the main components is specifically as follows:
(1) collecting design parameters required in the engineering machinery product design process to form a parameter pool, and mining the relationship between the parameters to form a relationship pool;
(2) converting the parameter information in the parameter pool into a csv format which can be identified by gephi software, and importing the csv format into the gephi software;
(3) and (3) carrying out layout optimization on the parameter relation network generated preliminarily by the software, and converting the parameter relation network into a network model which is visual and convenient to analyze.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the importance of the parameter node is measured by node degree index, clustering coefficient index, and medium index.
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