CN113156504B - Method and device for determining seismic wave velocity - Google Patents
Method and device for determining seismic wave velocity Download PDFInfo
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- CN113156504B CN113156504B CN202110381536.2A CN202110381536A CN113156504B CN 113156504 B CN113156504 B CN 113156504B CN 202110381536 A CN202110381536 A CN 202110381536A CN 113156504 B CN113156504 B CN 113156504B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
- G01V1/30—Analysis
- G01V1/303—Analysis for determining velocity profiles or travel times
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
- G01V1/34—Displaying seismic recordings or visualisation of seismic data or attributes
- G01V1/345—Visualisation of seismic data or attributes, e.g. in 3D cubes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/10—Aspects of acoustic signal generation or detection
- G01V2210/12—Signal generation
- G01V2210/121—Active source
- G01V2210/1212—Shot
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/10—Aspects of acoustic signal generation or detection
- G01V2210/12—Signal generation
- G01V2210/129—Source location
- G01V2210/1299—Subsurface, e.g. in borehole or below weathering layer or mud line
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/10—Aspects of acoustic signal generation or detection
- G01V2210/14—Signal detection
- G01V2210/142—Receiver location
- G01V2210/1429—Subsurface, e.g. in borehole or below weathering layer or mud line
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/60—Analysis
- G01V2210/62—Physical property of subsurface
- G01V2210/622—Velocity, density or impedance
- G01V2210/6222—Velocity; travel time
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for determining seismic wave velocity, which comprise the following steps: collecting a plurality of seismic waves; carrying out spectrum analysis on the plurality of seismic waves to obtain a plurality of corresponding frequency spectrums; acquiring a plurality of dispersion curves corresponding to a plurality of seismic waves, wherein the dispersion curves indicate the relationship between frequency and speed; determining a reference frequency spectrum high point according to a plurality of dispersion curves and a plurality of frequency spectrums corresponding to a plurality of seismic waves; dividing a plurality of frequency spectrums into normal frequency spectrums and abnormal frequency spectrums according to the high point of the reference frequency spectrum; and if the frequency spectrum corresponding to the seismic waves is a normal frequency spectrum, acquiring a second highest speed value in the dispersion curve of the seismic waves as the speed of the seismic waves, and if the frequency spectrum corresponding to the seismic waves is an abnormal frequency spectrum, acquiring a highest speed value in the dispersion curve of the seismic waves as the speed of the seismic waves.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of seismic exploration, in particular to a method and a device for determining seismic wave velocity.
Background
In the field of seismic exploration, coal mining and tunneling have great ambiguity and uncertainty, great risks are brought to mine operation, tunneling is carried out under the condition that information to be tunneled is unknown, underground accidents and complex conditions (water inrush, gas outburst and the like) occur occasionally, more serious accidents can also cause casualties, huge economic loss is brought, the benefits of a mine are influenced, the integrity of a coal bed is damaged by a collapse column, the coal mining yield and the coal quality are influenced, meanwhile, the interruption of coal mining operation and the damage of machinery are easily caused, and serious economic loss is caused, therefore, in the mining process, it is very necessary to master structural information such as a collapse column, and the prior art mostly explains and judges geological structures by the phase change and tracking of various wave groups of time-domain seismic waves, so that the obtained seismic wave speed is inaccurate, and the inaccurate seismic wave velocity can cause the inaccurate structural information such as a collapse column in the final imaging result.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a device for determining seismic wave velocity, which at least solve the technical problems in the prior art.
The invention provides a method for determining seismic wave velocity, which comprises the following steps:
collecting a plurality of seismic waves;
carrying out spectrum analysis on the seismic waves to obtain a plurality of corresponding frequency spectrums;
acquiring a plurality of dispersion curves corresponding to the plurality of seismic waves, wherein the dispersion curves indicate the relationship between frequency and speed;
determining a reference frequency spectrum high point according to a plurality of dispersion curves and a plurality of frequency spectrums corresponding to the plurality of seismic waves;
dividing the plurality of frequency spectrums into normal frequency spectrums and abnormal frequency spectrums according to the high point of the reference frequency spectrum;
and if the frequency spectrum corresponding to the seismic waves is a normal frequency spectrum, acquiring a second highest speed value in the dispersion curve of the seismic waves as the speed of the seismic waves, and if the frequency spectrum corresponding to the seismic waves is an abnormal frequency spectrum, acquiring a highest speed value in the dispersion curve of the seismic waves as the speed of the seismic waves.
Wherein the dividing the plurality of frequency spectrums into a normal frequency spectrum and an abnormal frequency spectrum according to the reference frequency spectrum high point comprises:
for each spectrum: and judging whether the value of the left shift of the high point of the frequency spectrum relative to the high point of the reference frequency spectrum exceeds a preset threshold value, if so, determining the frequency spectrum as an abnormal frequency spectrum.
If the value of the left shift of the high point of the frequency spectrum relative to the high point of the reference frequency spectrum does not exceed the preset threshold, the method further comprises the following steps:
if the number of the high points in the frequency spectrum is 1, determining the frequency spectrum as a normal frequency spectrum;
and if the number of the high points in the frequency spectrum is more than 1, determining the frequency spectrum as an abnormal frequency spectrum.
Determining a reference spectrum high point according to a plurality of dispersion curves and a plurality of spectrums corresponding to the plurality of seismic waves comprises:
determining the number of high points of each dispersion curve;
if only 1 high point exists in the dispersion curve, determining the dispersion curve as a normal dispersion curve, otherwise determining the dispersion curve as an abnormal dispersion curve;
and averaging the high points of the frequency spectrum corresponding to the seismic waves of which all the dispersion curves are normal dispersion curves, and determining the average value as the high point of the reference frequency spectrum.
Wherein, after determining the velocities of the plurality of seismic waves, the method further comprises:
and carrying out CT imaging according to the velocities of the plurality of seismic waves to obtain an imaging result.
In another aspect, the present invention provides an apparatus for determining a velocity of a seismic wave, including:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring a plurality of seismic waves;
the calculation module is used for carrying out spectrum analysis on the seismic waves to obtain a plurality of corresponding frequency spectrums;
the calculation module is further configured to obtain a plurality of dispersion curves corresponding to the plurality of seismic waves, where the dispersion curves indicate a relationship between frequency and velocity;
the calculation module is further used for determining a reference frequency spectrum high point according to a plurality of dispersion curves and a plurality of frequency spectrums corresponding to the plurality of seismic waves;
the judging module is used for dividing the plurality of frequency spectrums into normal frequency spectrums and abnormal frequency spectrums according to the high point of the reference frequency spectrum;
and the processing module is used for acquiring a second highest speed value in the dispersion curve of the seismic waves as the speed of the seismic waves if the frequency spectrum corresponding to the seismic waves is a normal frequency spectrum, and acquiring a highest speed value in the dispersion curve of the seismic waves as the speed of the seismic waves if the frequency spectrum corresponding to the seismic waves is an abnormal frequency spectrum.
Wherein the determining module is further configured to, for each spectrum: and judging whether the value of the left shift of the high point of the frequency spectrum relative to the high point of the reference frequency spectrum exceeds a preset threshold value, if so, determining the frequency spectrum as an abnormal frequency spectrum.
The judging module is further configured to determine the frequency spectrum as a normal frequency spectrum if the number of the high points in the frequency spectrum is 1;
the determining module is further configured to determine the frequency spectrum as an abnormal frequency spectrum if the number of high points in the frequency spectrum is greater than 1.
The calculation module is further configured to determine the number of high points of each dispersion curve;
the judging module is further configured to determine the dispersion curve as a normal dispersion curve if only 1 high point exists in the dispersion curve, and otherwise, determine the dispersion curve as an abnormal dispersion curve;
the calculation module is further configured to average high points of frequency spectrums corresponding to seismic waves of which all dispersion curves are normal dispersion curves, and determine the average value as a reference frequency spectrum high point.
The processing module is further configured to perform CT imaging according to the velocities of the plurality of seismic waves to obtain an imaging result.
In the scheme of the invention, the frequency spectrum high point left shift is used as a primary mark, the frequency spectrum high point number is used as a secondary mark, the dispersion curve is divided into two types for speed pickup, the utilization of frequency spectrum information is increased on the basis of only utilizing the dispersion curve in the prior art, the absorption attenuation characteristic and the speed information of seismic waves in the propagation process of a coal bed are combined, the advantages of the seismic wave dispersion curve in kinematics and the advantages of the seismic wave frequency spectrum in dynamics are comprehensively utilized, the interpretation precision of the collapse column is effectively improved, the prediction effect is improved, the speed in the dispersion curve is optimally picked by taking the frequency spectrum classification result as the constraint condition, the accurate seismic wave speed is obtained, and finally the imaging result containing the accurate position and boundary of the collapse column is obtained through the seismic wave speed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining seismic wave velocity according to an embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a seismic velocity determining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to improve the interpretation precision of the trapping column, obtain an accurate seismic velocity, and finally obtain an imaging result including an accurate position and boundary of the trapping column through the seismic velocity, as shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for determining a seismic velocity, including:
step 101, collecting a plurality of seismic waves.
The top and the bottom of a coal seam with a collapse cylinder are provided with two roadways, shot points are arranged in one roadway at the top or the bottom at a fixed distance according to the shot distance, detectors are arranged in the other roadway at a fixed track distance, a sampling rate and a recording length, the shot points and the detectors are uniformly arranged, explosives are detonated at the shot points, and the detectors receive seismic waves generated by the explosives and acquire data of a plurality of seismic waves.
For example: the method comprises the steps of arranging shot points with the shot spacing of 20 meters in one roadway at the top or the bottom of a coal seam with a collapse cylinder, arranging detectors with the lane spacing of 10 meters, the sampling rate of 0.25 millisecond and the recording length of 1 second in the other roadway, wherein the shot points and the detectors are uniformly arranged, detonating explosives at the shot points, and receiving seismic waves generated by the explosives and acquiring data of a plurality of seismic waves.
And 102, performing spectrum analysis on the seismic waves to obtain a plurality of corresponding frequency spectrums.
And carrying out spectrum analysis on the acquired data of each seismic wave to obtain a corresponding spectrum.
Step 103, obtaining a plurality of dispersion curves corresponding to the plurality of seismic waves, wherein the dispersion curves indicate the relationship between frequency and speed.
The method comprises the steps of performing frequency dispersion analysis on collected seismic wave data to obtain a frequency dispersion curve, wherein the frequency dispersion curve indicates the relation between the frequency and the speed of the seismic wave, before performing frequency dispersion analysis on the seismic wave data, static correction is performed on information of a position point and a shot point of a geophone in the seismic wave data because the ground of a roadway where the position point and the shot point of the geophone are located is uneven, the information of the position point and the shot point of the geophone in the seismic wave data is corrected to the same horizontal plane, and irrelevant information in the seismic wave data is removed through band-pass filtering processing, so that the accuracy of the seismic wave data is improved, and errors are reduced.
And 104, determining a reference frequency spectrum high point according to a plurality of dispersion curves and a plurality of frequency spectrums corresponding to the plurality of seismic waves.
In an embodiment, the method for determining the reference spectrum high point according to the plurality of dispersion curves and the plurality of frequency spectrums corresponding to the plurality of seismic waves comprises:
and determining the number of high points of each dispersion curve, wherein the high points refer to the points of each wave crest in the seismic wave dispersion curve or the curve of the frequency spectrum.
If only 1 high point exists in the dispersion curve, determining the dispersion curve as a normal dispersion curve, otherwise determining the dispersion curve as an abnormal dispersion curve;
if only 1 high point exists in the dispersion curve, the dispersion curve is smooth, the seismic wave data corresponding to the dispersion curve does not contain collapse cylinder information, the dispersion curve is determined to be a normal dispersion curve, if the number of the high points in the dispersion curve is more than 1, the dispersion curve is not smooth, the seismic wave data corresponding to the dispersion curve contains collapse cylinder information, and therefore the dispersion curve is determined to be an abnormal dispersion curve.
Averaging high points of frequency spectrums corresponding to seismic waves of which all dispersion curves are normal dispersion curves, and determining the average value as a reference frequency spectrum high point;
and adding the high points of the frequency spectrum corresponding to all the seismic waves determined as the normal dispersion curve in the previous step, dividing by the number of the seismic waves determined as the normal dispersion curve to obtain an average value, and determining the average value as the high point of the reference frequency spectrum.
And 105, dividing the plurality of frequency spectrums into a normal frequency spectrum and an abnormal frequency spectrum according to the reference frequency spectrum high point.
In an embodiment, the method for dividing the plurality of frequency spectrums into a normal frequency spectrum and an abnormal frequency spectrum according to the reference frequency spectrum high point is as follows:
for each spectrum: judging whether a value of the high point of the frequency spectrum left-shifted relative to the high point of the reference frequency spectrum exceeds a preset threshold value, if so, determining the frequency spectrum as an abnormal frequency spectrum;
judging whether a value of the left shift of the high point of the frequency spectrum relative to the high point of the reference frequency spectrum exceeds a preset threshold, wherein the value of the left shift of the high point of the frequency spectrum relative to the high point of the reference frequency spectrum refers to putting curves of the frequency spectrum and the reference frequency spectrum in the same coordinate system, and the value of the high point of the frequency spectrum subtracted from the value of the high point of the reference frequency spectrum is the value of the left shift of the high point of the frequency spectrum relative to the high point of the reference frequency spectrum, if so, determining the frequency spectrum as an abnormal frequency spectrum.
If the value of the left shift of the high point of the frequency spectrum relative to the high point of the reference frequency spectrum does not exceed the preset threshold, the method further comprises: if the number of the high points in the frequency spectrum is 1, determining the frequency spectrum as a normal frequency spectrum; and if the number of the high points in the frequency spectrum is more than 1, determining the frequency spectrum as an abnormal frequency spectrum.
If the value of the left shift of the high point of the frequency spectrum relative to the high point of the reference frequency spectrum does not exceed the preset threshold, then judging whether the number of the high points in the frequency spectrum is more than 1, if so, determining the frequency spectrum as a normal frequency spectrum, otherwise, determining the frequency spectrum as an abnormal frequency spectrum, wherein the fact that only 1 high point exists in the frequency spectrum means that the curve of the frequency spectrum is smooth, then seismic wave data corresponding to the frequency spectrum does not contain information of the trapping column body, determining the frequency spectrum as a normal frequency spectrum, if so, determining the curve of the frequency spectrum as a non-smooth, and if the number of the high points in the frequency spectrum is more than 1, then determining the frequency spectrum as an abnormal frequency spectrum.
The frequency spectrum high point left shift is used as a primary identification, the frequency spectrum high point number is used as a secondary identification, the utilization of frequency spectrum information is increased, the absorption attenuation characteristics and the speed information of seismic waves in the coal bed propagation process are combined, the advantages of a seismic wave frequency dispersion curve in kinematics and the advantages of a seismic wave frequency spectrum in dynamics are comprehensively utilized, the interpretation precision of the collapse column is effectively improved, and the prediction effect is improved.
And 106, if the frequency spectrum corresponding to the seismic wave is a normal frequency spectrum, acquiring a second highest speed value in the dispersion curve of the seismic wave as the speed of the seismic wave, and if the frequency spectrum corresponding to the seismic wave is an abnormal frequency spectrum, acquiring a highest speed value in the dispersion curve of the seismic wave as the speed of the seismic wave.
And for the seismic waves of which the corresponding frequency spectrums are determined to be normal frequency spectrums, determining the second highest speed value in the dispersion curve corresponding to the seismic waves as the speed of the seismic waves, for the seismic waves of which the corresponding frequency spectrums are determined to be abnormal frequency spectrums, determining the highest speed value in the dispersion curve corresponding to the seismic waves as the speed of the seismic waves, and optimally picking up the speed in the dispersion curve by taking the result of frequency spectrum classification as a constraint condition to finally obtain the imaging result of the position and the boundary of the collapse column with actual geological significance.
After determining the velocities of the plurality of seismic waves in step 106, in an embodiment, CT imaging is performed according to the velocities of the plurality of seismic waves to obtain an imaging result.
And performing CT imaging according to the velocities of the plurality of seismic waves determined in the step 106 to obtain an imaging result including the position and the boundary of the trapping column, wherein the more accurate the velocity of the seismic waves determined in the step 106 is, the more accurate the position and the boundary of the trapping column included in the imaging result is.
In the scheme of the invention, the frequency spectrum high point left shift is used as a primary mark, the frequency spectrum high point number is used as a secondary mark, the dispersion curve is divided into two types for speed pickup, the utilization of frequency spectrum information is increased on the basis of only utilizing the dispersion curve in the prior art, the absorption attenuation characteristic and the speed information of seismic waves in the propagation process of a coal bed are combined, the advantages of the seismic wave dispersion curve in kinematics and the advantages of the seismic wave frequency spectrum in dynamics are comprehensively utilized, the interpretation precision of the collapse column is effectively improved, the prediction effect is improved, the speed in the dispersion curve is optimally picked by taking the frequency spectrum classification result as the constraint condition, the accurate seismic wave speed is obtained, and finally the imaging result containing the accurate position and boundary of the collapse column is obtained through the seismic wave speed.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a device for determining a seismic wave velocity, as shown in fig. 2, the device including:
the acquisition module 10 is used for acquiring a plurality of seismic waves;
the calculation module 20 is configured to perform spectrum analysis on the multiple seismic waves to obtain multiple corresponding frequency spectrums;
the calculating module 20 is further configured to obtain a plurality of dispersion curves corresponding to the plurality of seismic waves, where the dispersion curves indicate a relationship between frequency and velocity;
the calculating module 20 is further configured to determine a reference spectrum high point according to a plurality of dispersion curves and a plurality of frequency spectrums corresponding to the plurality of seismic waves;
a judging module 30, configured to divide the multiple frequency spectrums into a normal frequency spectrum and an abnormal frequency spectrum according to the reference frequency spectrum high point;
and the processing module 40 is configured to obtain a second highest velocity value in the dispersion curve of the seismic waves as the velocity of the seismic waves if the frequency spectrum corresponding to the seismic waves is a normal frequency spectrum, and obtain a highest velocity value in the dispersion curve of the seismic waves as the velocity of the seismic waves if the frequency spectrum corresponding to the seismic waves is an abnormal frequency spectrum.
Wherein the determining module 30 is further configured to, for each spectrum: and judging whether the value of the left shift of the high point of the frequency spectrum relative to the high point of the reference frequency spectrum exceeds a preset threshold value, if so, determining the frequency spectrum as an abnormal frequency spectrum.
The determining module 30 is further configured to determine the frequency spectrum as a normal frequency spectrum if the number of the high points in the frequency spectrum is 1;
the determining module 30 is further configured to determine the frequency spectrum as an abnormal frequency spectrum if the number of the high points in the frequency spectrum is greater than 1.
Wherein, the calculating module 20 is further configured to determine the number of high points of each dispersion curve;
the determining module 30 is further configured to determine the dispersion curve as a normal dispersion curve if only 1 high point exists in the dispersion curve, and otherwise determine the dispersion curve as an abnormal dispersion curve;
the calculating module 20 is further configured to average high points of the frequency spectrum corresponding to the seismic waves of which all the dispersion curves are normal dispersion curves, and determine the average as a high point of the reference frequency spectrum.
The processing module 40 is further configured to perform CT imaging according to the velocities of the plurality of seismic waves to obtain an imaging result.
In addition to the above-described methods and apparatus, embodiments of the present application may also be a computer program product comprising computer program instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the steps in the methods according to the various embodiments of the present application described in the "exemplary methods" section of this specification, above.
The computer program product may be written with program code for performing the operations of embodiments of the present application in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, C + + or the like and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computing device, partly on the user's device, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computing device and partly on a remote computing device, or entirely on the remote computing device or server.
Furthermore, embodiments of the present application may also be a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer program instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform steps in a method according to various embodiments of the present application described in the "exemplary methods" section above of this specification.
The computer-readable storage medium may take any combination of one or more readable media. The readable medium may be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium. A readable storage medium may include, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or a combination of any of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the readable storage medium include: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable disk, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
The foregoing describes the general principles of the present application in conjunction with specific embodiments, however, it is noted that the advantages, effects, etc. mentioned in the present application are merely examples and are not limiting, and they should not be considered essential to the various embodiments of the present application. Furthermore, the foregoing disclosure of specific details is for the purpose of illustration and description and is not intended to be limiting, since the foregoing disclosure is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosure to the precise details disclosed.
The block diagrams of devices, apparatuses, systems referred to in this application are only given as illustrative examples and are not intended to require or imply that the connections, arrangements, configurations, etc. must be made in the manner shown in the block diagrams. These devices, apparatuses, devices, systems may be connected, arranged, configured in any manner, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. Words such as "including," "comprising," "having," and the like are open-ended words that mean "including, but not limited to," and are used interchangeably therewith. The words "or" and "as used herein mean, and are used interchangeably with, the word" and/or, "unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. The word "such as" is used herein to mean, and is used interchangeably with, the phrase "such as but not limited to".
It should also be noted that in the devices, apparatuses, and methods of the present application, the components or steps may be decomposed and/or recombined. These decompositions and/or recombinations are to be considered as equivalents of the present application.
The previous description of the disclosed aspects is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
The foregoing description has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. Furthermore, the description is not intended to limit embodiments of the application to the form disclosed herein. While a number of example aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those of skill in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, alterations, additions and sub-combinations thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A method of determining seismic wave velocity, comprising:
collecting a plurality of seismic waves;
carrying out spectrum analysis on the seismic waves to obtain a plurality of corresponding frequency spectrums;
acquiring a plurality of dispersion curves corresponding to the plurality of seismic waves, wherein the dispersion curves indicate the relationship between frequency and speed;
determining a reference frequency spectrum high point according to a plurality of dispersion curves and a plurality of frequency spectrums corresponding to the plurality of seismic waves;
dividing the plurality of frequency spectrums into normal frequency spectrums and abnormal frequency spectrums according to the high point of the reference frequency spectrum;
and if the frequency spectrum corresponding to the seismic waves is a normal frequency spectrum, acquiring a second highest speed value in the dispersion curve of the seismic waves as the speed of the seismic waves, and if the frequency spectrum corresponding to the seismic waves is an abnormal frequency spectrum, acquiring a highest speed value in the dispersion curve of the seismic waves as the speed of the seismic waves.
2. The method of determining seismic velocities of claim 1, wherein said dividing said plurality of spectra into normal spectra and abnormal spectra based on said reference spectral high point comprises:
for each spectrum: and judging whether the value of the left shift of the high point of the frequency spectrum relative to the high point of the reference frequency spectrum exceeds a preset threshold value, if so, determining the frequency spectrum as an abnormal frequency spectrum.
3. The method of determining seismic velocities of claim 2, wherein if the magnitude of the left shift of the high point of the spectrum relative to the high point of the reference spectrum does not exceed a predetermined threshold, the method further comprises:
if the number of the high points in the frequency spectrum is 1, determining the frequency spectrum as a normal frequency spectrum;
and if the number of the high points in the frequency spectrum is more than 1, determining the frequency spectrum as an abnormal frequency spectrum.
4. The method for determining seismic wave velocity according to claim 1, wherein said determining a reference spectral high point from a plurality of dispersion curves and a plurality of frequency spectrums corresponding to said plurality of seismic waves comprises:
determining the number of high points of each dispersion curve;
if only 1 high point exists in the dispersion curve, determining the dispersion curve as a normal dispersion curve, otherwise determining the dispersion curve as an abnormal dispersion curve;
and averaging the high points of the frequency spectrum corresponding to the seismic waves of which all the dispersion curves are normal dispersion curves, and determining the average value as the high point of the reference frequency spectrum.
5. The method of determining seismic wave velocity of claim 1, further comprising:
and carrying out CT imaging according to the velocities of the plurality of seismic waves to obtain an imaging result.
6. An apparatus for determining seismic wave velocity, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring a plurality of seismic waves;
the calculation module is used for carrying out spectrum analysis on the seismic waves to obtain a plurality of corresponding frequency spectrums;
the calculation module is further configured to obtain a plurality of dispersion curves corresponding to the plurality of seismic waves, where the dispersion curves indicate a relationship between frequency and velocity;
the calculation module is further used for determining a reference frequency spectrum high point according to a plurality of dispersion curves and a plurality of frequency spectrums corresponding to the plurality of seismic waves;
the judging module is used for dividing the plurality of frequency spectrums into normal frequency spectrums and abnormal frequency spectrums according to the high point of the reference frequency spectrum;
and the processing module is used for acquiring a second highest speed value in the dispersion curve of the seismic waves as the speed of the seismic waves if the frequency spectrum corresponding to the seismic waves is a normal frequency spectrum, and acquiring a highest speed value in the dispersion curve of the seismic waves as the speed of the seismic waves if the frequency spectrum corresponding to the seismic waves is an abnormal frequency spectrum.
7. The seismic velocity determination apparatus of claim 6,
the determining module is further configured to, for each spectrum: and judging whether the value of the left shift of the high point of the frequency spectrum relative to the high point of the reference frequency spectrum exceeds a preset threshold value, if so, determining the frequency spectrum as an abnormal frequency spectrum.
8. The seismic velocity determination apparatus of claim 7,
the judging module is further configured to determine the frequency spectrum as a normal frequency spectrum if the number of the high points in the frequency spectrum is 1;
the determining module is further configured to determine the frequency spectrum as an abnormal frequency spectrum if the number of high points in the frequency spectrum is greater than 1.
9. The seismic velocity determination apparatus of claim 6,
the calculation module is further used for determining the number of high points of each frequency dispersion curve;
the judging module is further configured to determine the dispersion curve as a normal dispersion curve if only 1 high point exists in the dispersion curve, and otherwise, determine the dispersion curve as an abnormal dispersion curve;
the calculation module is further configured to average high points of frequency spectrums corresponding to seismic waves of which all dispersion curves are normal dispersion curves, and determine the average value as a reference frequency spectrum high point.
10. The seismic velocity determination apparatus of claim 6,
the processing module is further used for carrying out CT imaging according to the velocities of the plurality of seismic waves to obtain an imaging result.
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| CN105607121B (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2016-12-21 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of coal karst collapse col umn recognition methods and device |
| US10605937B2 (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2020-03-31 | Cgg Services Sas | Device and method for smart picking surface waves dispersion curves |
| CN109581500B (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2020-06-30 | 东华理工大学 | Reflection seismic record frequency-variable velocity analysis method |
| CN111290017B (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2020-12-15 | 南方科技大学 | Surface wave exploration method for jointly extracting Rayleigh wave frequency dispersion characteristics through seismic electric wave field |
| CN112346120B (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-05-18 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Method for calculating variation degree of channel wave frequency dispersion curve and method for identifying abnormal body |
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