CN113155400A - Low-speed wind tunnel device - Google Patents
Low-speed wind tunnel device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113155400A CN113155400A CN202110445689.9A CN202110445689A CN113155400A CN 113155400 A CN113155400 A CN 113155400A CN 202110445689 A CN202110445689 A CN 202110445689A CN 113155400 A CN113155400 A CN 113155400A
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- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 51
- YAFQFNOUYXZVPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N liproxstatin-1 Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(CNC=2C3(CCNCC3)NC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)=C1 YAFQFNOUYXZVPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/02—Wind tunnels
- G01M9/04—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/06—Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing
- G01M9/062—Wind tunnel balances; Holding devices combined with measuring arrangements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/06—Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing
- G01M9/065—Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing dealing with flow
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/08—Aerodynamic models
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- Aerodynamic Tests, Hydrodynamic Tests, Wind Tunnels, And Water Tanks (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a low-speed wind tunnel device, which comprises an upstream stable section, a working section and a downstream stable section which are sequentially connected to form an air passage; the upstream stabilizing section comprises an inlet lip and an upstream section; the two ends of the upstream section are respectively connected with the inlet lip and the working section; the cross section of the inlet lip is gradually increased from one end connected with the upstream section to the other end far away from the upstream section; the surface of the upstream section is provided with a plurality of drainage through holes which are respectively communicated with the air passage; a rectification grid is arranged in the upstream section and is arranged at the downstream of the plurality of drainage through holes; the downstream stable section is provided with a draught fan. According to the low-speed wind tunnel, the inlet lip is arranged at the air inlet of the upstream section, the plurality of flow guide through holes are arranged on the surface of the upstream section, and the rectification grid net is arranged at the downstream of the flow guide through holes, so that the traditional longer inlet stabilizing section and contraction section are replaced, the structure of the low-speed wind tunnel is simplified, the flow direction size of the low-speed wind tunnel is reduced, and the popularization and application of the low-speed wind tunnel are facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aerodynamics, in particular to a low-speed wind tunnel device.
Background
The wind tunnel is an important device in the field of aerodynamic experiments, and the low-speed wind tunnel is an important wind tunnel type. Although the low-speed wind tunnel does not sound as high, the application range is extremely wide, and people today enjoy the contribution of comfort and convenience in many lives without the low-speed wind tunnel.
Although the traditional low-speed wind tunnel is in a thousand-posture state, the traditional low-speed wind tunnel structurally has no such elements as an inlet stabilizing section, a contraction section, a working section, an expansion section, a fan and display and measurement equipment. In the existing low-speed wind tunnel in practical use, basically, the whole length of the wind tunnel is in the range of about five to seven times of the experimental section. In consideration of power similarity, in order to ensure the same dimensionless factor, the size of the experimental section of the low-speed wind tunnel is very large, and is further amplified by five to seven times, and one low-speed wind tunnel is a huge object without accident. This excessive space requirement limits the possibility of low speed wind tunnels traveling more widely to the general population. This is a significant area of improvement in existing low speed wind tunnels.
At present, low-speed wind tunnels are basically designed, produced, debugged and operated one by one, and the degree of batch production and operation cannot be achieved, so that the investment of human resources accounts for an important part of the production and operation of the low-speed wind tunnels. With the gradual rise of social labor cost, if the low-speed wind tunnel cannot start from the aspect of simplifying the structure, the cost of design, production, debugging and operation is reduced, and the survival and development space of the future low-speed wind tunnel is greatly limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention aims to: the low-speed wind tunnel device is provided, the structure of the low-speed wind tunnel is simplified, the flow direction size of the low-speed wind tunnel is reduced, and the popularization and the application of the low-speed wind tunnel are facilitated.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a low-speed wind tunnel device comprises an upstream stable section, a working section and a downstream stable section which are sequentially connected to form an air passage;
the upstream stabilizing section comprises an inlet lip and an upstream section;
the two ends of the upstream section are respectively connected with the inlet lip and the working section;
the cross section of the inlet lip is gradually increased from one end connected with the upstream section to the other end far away from the upstream section;
the surface of the upstream section is provided with a plurality of drainage through holes which are respectively communicated with the air passage;
a rectification grid is arranged in the upstream section and is arranged at the downstream of the plurality of drainage through holes;
the downstream stable section is provided with a draught fan.
Further, the inlet lip is of a cambered surface structure.
Further, a plurality of drainage through holes are arranged in a matrix.
Furthermore, the cross section of the drainage through hole is triangular, circular, rectangular or square.
Further, the downstream is stabilized the section and is included downstream section and export lip, and downstream section both ends are connected respectively in working segment and export lip, and the cross-section of export lip is crescent to the other end of keeping away from the downstream section by the one end of connecting in the downstream section, and the downstream section is located to the draught fan.
Further, the outlet lip is flared.
Further, the outlet lip is provided with a noise reduction structure.
Further, the noise reducing structure is a plurality of serrated edges provided at the outlet lip.
Further, the cross sections of the upstream stabilizing section, the working section and the downstream stabilizing section are all equal.
Furthermore, an experimental model and a flow field parameter measuring device are arranged in the working section.
In summary, the present invention has the following advantages:
according to the low-speed wind tunnel, the inlet lip is arranged at the air inlet of the upstream section, the plurality of flow guide through holes are arranged on the surface of the upstream section, and the rectification grid net is arranged at the downstream of the flow guide through holes, so that the traditional longer inlet stabilizing section and contraction section are replaced, the structure of the low-speed wind tunnel is simplified, the flow direction size of the low-speed wind tunnel is reduced, and the popularization and application of the low-speed wind tunnel are facilitated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic front view of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of an embodiment of the present invention
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a rectifying grid in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic plan view of a flared outlet lip of an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-inlet lip, 2-drainage through hole, 3-rectification grid, 4-low speed wind tunnel body, 5-induced draft fan, 6-outlet lip, 7-sawtooth edge, 8-working section, 9-experimental model, 10-force measuring balance.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below.
As shown in fig. 1-5, a low-speed wind tunnel device comprises an upstream stabilizing section, a working section 8 and a downstream stabilizing section which are connected in sequence to form an air passage;
the upstream stabilizing section comprises an inlet lip 1 and an upstream section;
the two ends of the upstream section are respectively connected with the inlet lip 1 and the working section 8;
the cross section of the inlet lip 1 gradually increases from one end connected to the upstream section to the other end away from the upstream section;
the surface of the upstream section is provided with a plurality of drainage through holes 2, and the drainage through holes 2 are respectively communicated with the air passage;
a rectification grid 3 is arranged in the upstream section, and the rectification grid 3 is arranged at the downstream of the plurality of drainage through holes 2;
the downstream stabilizing section is provided with a draught fan 5.
Specifically, air is sucked into the inlet lip 1 by negative pressure generated by the induced draft fan 5 to be primarily rectified. Because the section of the inlet lip 1 is gradually increased from one end connected to the upstream section to the other end far away from the upstream section, the pressure of the air entering the inlet lip 1 is increased, the air changes from slow flow to fast flow, and then enters the upstream section at a higher speed. When the air flows through a plurality of drainage through holes 2 on the surface of the upstream section, a large amount of air outside the low-speed wind tunnel body 4 is sucked into the low-speed wind tunnel body 4 from the plurality of drainage through holes 2, so that the flow of the air in the air passage to the direction of the working section 8 is intensified, and the length of the inlet section of the low-speed wind tunnel body 4 is greatly shortened. After the air transversely entering from the inlet lip 1 is combined with the air vertically and laterally entering from the plurality of flow guiding through holes 2 on the surface of the upstream section, the air flows through the flow straightening grid 3 in the upstream section, so that the speed of the air flow field is further homogenized, and the turbulence intensity is reduced. The air after the rectification graticule mesh 3 flows through the working section 8, the downstream stable section in proper order, is discharged to the atmospheric environment after being sucked out the low-speed wind tunnel body 4 by the draught fan 5.
In practical applications, the air flowing inside the working section 8 has quality requirements, and it is necessary to be able to simulate the actual working conditions corresponding to the experimental model 9, and generally, the parameters include the flow field velocity uniformity and the turbulence intensity.
In order to rapidly introduce a large amount of air into the upstream section, homogenize the air flow field speed before the air enters the working section 8 and reduce the turbulence intensity, the traditional low-speed wind tunnel is often required to be provided with a very long inlet stabilizing section and a very long contraction section, so that the flow field speed distribution can be kept smooth, but the flow direction length of the low-speed wind tunnel is too long, a very large space is required to be occupied, the design is too conservative, and the popularization and the application of the low-speed wind tunnel are not facilitated.
The low-speed wind tunnel device of this design is anti its way and is gone, sets up import lip 1 through the air intake position at the section of upper reaches, sets up a plurality of drainage through-holes 2 at the section surface of upper reaches to set up rectification graticule mesh 3 in drainage through-hole 2's low reaches, replaced the longer entry stable section of tradition and contracted segment, simplified the structure of low-speed wind tunnel, reduced low-speed wind tunnel flow direction size, be favorable to the popularization and application of low-speed wind tunnel.
The inlet lip 1 is of a cambered surface configuration.
The cambered surface structure has a smooth surface, and when air flows over the cambered surface structure, the air has small flow resistance, can be rapidly changed from slow flow to fast flow, and then enters the upstream section at a higher speed.
Specifically, the inlet lip 1 is formed by two upper and lower arc-shaped surfaces, preferably a quarter-cylinder arc-shaped surface, and plays a role of guiding air to accelerate and orderly flow into the low-speed wind tunnel body 4.
The plurality of drainage through holes 2 are arranged in a matrix.
By adopting the structure, more air can be attracted into the low-speed wind tunnel body 4, and the circulation speed of the air in the low-speed wind tunnel body 4 is enhanced.
The cross section of the drainage through hole 2 is triangular, circular, rectangular or square.
Specifically, the section of the upstream section is rectangular, and a plurality of rows of drainage through holes 2 are distributed on the top and two side faces of the rectangular upstream section at equal intervals to form a vertical drainage mixing hole array section, so that the effect of weakening the air flow turbulence intensity and homogenizing the flow field is achieved. When the draught fan 5 works, air outside the low-speed wind tunnel body 4 is sucked into the low-speed wind tunnel body 4 from the vertical drainage mixing hole array section, so that the length of an inlet section of the low-speed wind tunnel body 4 can be shortened, and the uniformity of an air flow field on the cross section of the low-speed wind tunnel body 4 is increased.
The drainage through hole 2 can be vertical to the surface of the upstream section where the drainage through hole 2 is located, and an included angle not less than 45 degrees can be formed between the drainage through hole 2 and the surface of the upstream section where the drainage through hole 2 is located.
The downstream stabilizing section comprises a downstream section and an outlet lip 6, the two ends of the downstream section are respectively connected to the working section 8 and the outlet lip 6, the cross section of the outlet lip 6 is gradually increased from one end connected to the downstream section to the other end far away from the downstream section, and the induced draft fan 5 is arranged on the downstream section.
The inner diameter of the induced draft fan 5 is matched with the section of the downstream section, and the induced draft fan 5 with larger size can be configured to obtain better air conditioning effect. Under the suction of the draught fan 5, the pressure of the air discharged from the outlet lip 6 is reduced, the air is changed from fast flow to slow flow, the purpose of discharging the air from the low-speed wind tunnel body 4 to the atmospheric environment at a relatively stable speed is realized, the disturbance to the air of the surrounding environment is reduced, and the working noise is reduced.
The outlet lip 6 is flared.
The flared outlet lip 6 reduces the velocity of the air as it exits the low velocity wind tunnel body 4, reducing the disturbance to the ambient air.
The outlet lip 6 is provided with noise reducing structures.
The noise reducing structure is a plurality of serrated edges 7 provided at the outlet lip 6.
The plurality of serrated edges 7 of the outlet lip 6 divide the volume of air exiting the outlet lip 6 into a plurality of small volumes of air, evenly dispersing the friction with the air surrounding the outlet lip 6, further reducing the turbulence of the surrounding air, and replacing the conventional downstream expansion section while properly reducing the exhaust noise, with a much reduced flow direction size.
The upstream, working and downstream stabilizing sections are all of equal cross-section, preferably square in cross-section.
By adopting the structure, the length of the cross section of the working section 8 is equivalent to the inner diameter of the induced draft fan 5, and under the condition of adopting the same induced draft fan 5, the adoption of the size of the cross section of the working section 8 is allowed to be larger, so that the low-speed wind tunnel has better air conditioning effect.
An experimental model 9 and a flow field parameter measuring device are arranged in the working section 8.
Specifically, the flow field parameter measuring device is a force measuring balance 10. An experiment model 9 is placed in the working section 8, the experiment model 9 is connected with a measuring force balance 10, and six force and moment components on the experiment model 9 when air flows can be dynamically recorded.
The embodiment of the invention abandons the traditional wind tunnel upstream contraction section and downstream expansion section design, not only obviously shortens the dimension of the wind tunnel in the length direction (under the same working section dimension condition, the dimension of the wind tunnel in the length direction is only about one half of that of the traditional wind tunnel), but also greatly simplifies the structure of the wind tunnel, has clear principle, greatly facilitates the production and application, does not need special personnel training, and has large popularization space.
The working process is as follows:
after air flows into the inlet lip 1 of the low-speed wind tunnel body 4 from the outside, the air is changed from a low-speed state to full acceleration, according to the principle of Bernoulli equation, the pressure drop is obvious, when the air flows through the vertical drainage mixing hole array sections arranged at the top and two sides of the front end region of the low-speed wind tunnel body 4, the outside air around the low-speed wind tunnel body 4 is sucked from the vertical drainage mixing hole array sections, the disturbance to the boundary layer of the inlet section is strengthened rapidly, and the distance for the air boundary layer to be fully developed is greatly shortened. Then, the air flows through the rectification grid 3, the turbulence intensity of the air flow is adjusted and reduced, the flowing uniformity is improved, and the requirement of the working section 8 on the quality of the air flow is met. Thereafter, air flows through the experimental model 9 in the working section 8, experimental measurements are carried out by the force balance 10, and relevant experimental observations are carried out. The air flow of the whole low-speed wind tunnel is driven by the induced draft fan 5, the air passing through the induced draft fan 5 flows through the horn-shaped outlet lip 6, and the noise is reduced by the saw-tooth-shaped edge 7 of the horn-shaped outlet lip 6 and then is discharged into the atmospheric environment.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A low-speed wind tunnel device is characterized in that: comprises an upstream stabilizing section, a working section and a downstream stabilizing section which are connected in sequence to form an air passage;
the upstream stabilizing section comprises an inlet lip and an upstream section;
the two ends of the upstream section are respectively connected with the inlet lip and the working section;
the cross section of the inlet lip is gradually increased from one end connected with the upstream section to the other end far away from the upstream section;
the surface of the upstream section is provided with a plurality of drainage through holes which are respectively communicated with the air passage;
a rectification grid is arranged in the upstream section and is arranged at the downstream of the plurality of drainage through holes;
the downstream stable section is provided with a draught fan.
2. A low speed wind tunnel device according to claim 1 wherein: the inlet lip is of a cambered surface structure.
3. A low speed wind tunnel device according to claim 1 wherein: a plurality of drainage through holes are arranged in a matrix.
4. A low speed wind tunnel device according to claim 3 wherein: the cross section of the drainage through hole is triangular, circular, rectangular or square.
5. A low speed wind tunnel device according to claim 1 wherein: the downstream stabilizing section comprises a downstream section and an outlet lip, the two ends of the downstream section are respectively connected to the working section and the outlet lip, the cross section of the outlet lip is gradually increased from one end connected to the downstream section to the other end far away from the downstream section, and the induced draft fan is arranged on the downstream section.
6. A low speed wind tunnel device according to claim 5 wherein: the outlet lip is flared.
7. A low speed wind tunnel device according to claim 5 wherein: the outlet lip is provided with a noise reducing structure.
8. A low speed wind tunnel device according to claim 7 wherein: the noise reducing structure is a plurality of serrated edges provided at the outlet lip.
9. A low speed wind tunnel device according to claim 1 wherein: the sections of the upstream stabilizing section, the working section and the downstream stabilizing section are all equal.
10. A low speed wind tunnel device according to claim 1 wherein: an experimental model and a flow field parameter measuring device are arranged in the working section.
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| CN202110445689.9A CN113155400A (en) | 2021-04-25 | 2021-04-25 | Low-speed wind tunnel device |
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| CN202110445689.9A CN113155400A (en) | 2021-04-25 | 2021-04-25 | Low-speed wind tunnel device |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN113884272A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2022-01-04 | 华北电力大学 | Wind tunnel test device and method for simulating multi-scale turbulence structure of atmospheric boundary layer |
| CN114001912A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-02-01 | 上海凌逐新能源科技有限公司 | Fuel cell environment cabin based on wind tunnel principle |
| CN114459724A (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2022-05-10 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 | High-speed free jet wind tunnel noise control device |
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| CN114001912A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-02-01 | 上海凌逐新能源科技有限公司 | Fuel cell environment cabin based on wind tunnel principle |
| CN114459724A (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2022-05-10 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 | High-speed free jet wind tunnel noise control device |
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