CN113155332A - Stress measurement sensitivity enhancing device of fiber grating sensor and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Stress measurement sensitivity enhancing device of fiber grating sensor and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/24—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
- G01L1/242—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre
- G01L1/246—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre using integrated gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L11/00—Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by means not provided for in group G01L7/00 or G01L9/00
- G01L11/02—Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by means not provided for in group G01L7/00 or G01L9/00 by optical means
- G01L11/025—Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by means not provided for in group G01L7/00 or G01L9/00 by optical means using a pressure-sensitive optical fibre
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fiber grating monitoring device and a method for measuring micro strain in a strain sensitivity enhancing mode. A section of fiber grating is bonded in the grooves of the two lengthened arms, and the strain quantity generated between the two cantilever beams by the structure is applied to the fiber grating for sensitization through the rigid lengthened arms; the serially connected fiber bragg grating temperature sensors compensate the influence of the ambient temperature; the two long arm beams are connected on a straight line through a linear bearing; short gratings are selected from the fiber gratings to improve the sensitivity enhancing efficiency; the relative position of the lengthened arm and the cantilever beam is changed by using a bolt, so that the prestress of the fiber bragg grating sensor is applied, and the tension and the compression can be conveniently measured at the same time in the later period; the sensitivity coefficient can be adjusted according to the size of the lengthened arm, and different measurement requirements are met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fiber grating sensing, and relates to a fiber grating sensor sensitivity enhancing device for measuring micro strain, a manufacturing method thereof and a method for measuring sensitivity enhancing coefficient by using the device.
Background
There are many strain sensor technologies available in the commercial, military and industrial markets. Resistive strain gauges have been the most widely used in the past and are the most readily available technology at the present time. Resistive strain gauges can provide a variety of configurations, including those with limited temperature compensation and resistance to harsh environments. However, inherent disadvantages of resistance strain gauges, including installation cost, complexity, weight, long-term measurement drift, susceptibility to electromagnetic noise, and the detriment of power requirements, have limited their application in certain areas.
New types of strain sensors based on fiber optic technology, such as external fabry-perot roots, in-line fiber etalons, internal fabry-perot and bragg gratings, have been widely developed. All of these optical sensors measure strain information of the structure under test by applying the principle that strain applied at the location of the optical fiber sensor can change the electromagnetic spectrum that can be detected by the optical instrument. Such optical sensor technology has overcome many of the difficulties presented by resistive strain gauges and electrical transmission networks.
The optical fiber sensor has the advantages of strong electromagnetic interference resistance, good electrical isolation, multiple measuring points, few connecting optical cables, small average power consumption volume of each measuring point, high reliability, good long-term stability and the like, can realize high-precision measurement under the condition of strong electromagnetic environment, can form a temperature and strain monitoring system of multiple measuring points, can stably work for a long time under severe environments such as corrosion, high and low temperature, irradiation and the like, and has important application prospect in the temperature and strain testing and monitoring of spacecraft structures and loads.
The key to limiting the development of fiber grating strain sensors is their low sensitivity, which cannot meet the requirements of some special applications. The existing sensitization technology is complex in structure, the difference between the actual sensitization coefficient and the theoretical value is large, and engineering application is difficult to realize.
Object of the Invention
The invention aims to provide a stress measurement sensitivity enhancing device of a fiber grating sensor, a manufacturing method thereof and a method for measuring sensitivity enhancing coefficient by using the device. The sensitivity enhancement device can effectively improve the sensitivity of the fiber grating sensor and protect the fiber grating sensor, and the sensitivity enhancement coefficient can be formulated according to the size of the packaging material so as to meet the measurement requirement of practical engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
According to one aspect of the invention, a stress measurement sensitivity enhancing device for a fiber grating sensor is provided, which comprises:
the device comprises two pairs of strain sensitivity enhancing clamping devices, two rigid cantilever beams, a fiber grating sensor, a cantilever beam positioning device and a fixed support, wherein the fiber grating sensor is bonded on the rigid cantilever beams;
the two secondary strain sensitivity enhancing clamping devices comprise two semicircular clamping blocks and a plurality of clamping block fixing bolts, wherein one strain sensitivity enhancing clamping device is fastened at one end of each of the two rigid cantilever beams by the two clamping block fixing bolts and steel structure glue, and the other strain sensitivity enhancing clamping device is freely fixed at the other end of each of the two rigid cantilever beams by the two clamping block fixing bolts;
the two rigid cantilever beams are bonded with the fiber bragg grating sensor through the rotary bolt in a pre-tightening mode, and the two rigid cantilever beams are fixed on the support in a bolt connection mode through the clamping component.
Preferably, the rigid cantilever beam is made of steel.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for manufacturing the above fiber grating sensor stress measurement sensitization device, comprising the following steps:
step 1: punching the fixed support by using a bar planting process and embedding the fixed support into the structure to be tested;
step 2: fixing two rigid cantilever beams on a support in a bolt connection mode by using a clamping component, and bonding the fiber bragg grating sensor at two ends of the rigid cantilever beams to enable a grid region part to be positioned between the two cantilever beams and not to be in direct contact with the cantilever beams;
and step 3: bonding the clamping component on the outer side of one end of the rigid cantilever beam by using epoxy resin glue, and curing the epoxy resin; and pre-tightening the fiber grating sensor at the fixed part at the other end of the rigid cantilever beam by using a bolt, fixing the fiber grating sensor by using epoxy resin glue, and finishing packaging after the glue is cured.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for measuring a sensitization coefficient by using the above fiber grating sensor stress measurement sensitization device, comprising the following steps:
step S1: fixing two ends of the structure to be detected on the fixed support respectively;
step S2: carrying out quantitative temperature change on the structure to be measured;
step S3: acquiring a strain temperature measurement result of the optical fiber sensor of the sensitization device;
step S4: and comparing the measurement result to obtain the sensitization coefficient.
Preferably, the step S2 further includes: assuming that the thermal expansion coefficient of the structure to be measured is alpha1The coefficient of thermal expansion of the rigid cantilever beam is alpha2When the temperature changes, the rigid cantilever beam and the measuring structure are subjected to thermal expansion to form thermal mismatch, and the deformation of the fiber grating sensor is represented as a variable quantity forcibly driven by the expansion of the structure to be measured and the rigid cantilever beam;
let the distance between two fixed supports be l1(ii) a The length of the fiber grating sensor, i.e. the distance between two rigid cantilever beams, is l2(ii) a Generation of epsilon by the structure to be measured1Strain of (1), temperature change of structure to be measured is Δ T1Temperature change of the rigid cantilever beam is Δ T2Neglecting the influence of the adhesive between the two strain sensitivity enhancing holding devices and the fiber grating sensor, correspondingly adding two strain sensitivity enhancingDeformation quantity delta l between holding devices and of fiber grating1And Δ l2The expression of (b) is shown in formula (1) and formula (2):
Δl1＝l1ε1+α1ΔT1l1 (1)，
Δl2＝l1ε1+a1ΔTl1-α2ΔT2(l1-l2) (2)。
preferably, the step S3 further includes: strain epsilon 'of fiber bragg grating sensor and structure to be measured is calculated'1、ε′2As shown in formulas (3) and (4)
Preferably, the step S4 further includes: calculating the sensitivity enhancing coefficient k of the structure to be detected, as shown in formula (5):
further preferably, the sensitivity coefficient of the sensitization device can be adjusted by changing the length of the rigid cantilever beam.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a stress measurement sensitivity enhancing device of the fiber grating sensor.
Fig. 2 is a side view of the stress measurement sensitivity enhancing device of the fiber grating sensor.
Fig. 3 is a front view of the stress measurement sensitivity enhancing device of the fiber grating sensor of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a top view of the stress measurement sensitivity enhancing device of the fiber grating sensor of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a flow chart of steps of a manufacturing method of the stress measurement sensitivity enhancing device of the fiber grating sensor of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a flow chart of sensitivity enhancement coefficient calibration using the stress measurement sensitivity enhancement device of the fiber grating sensor.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the detailed description is merely illustrative of the present invention in more detail, and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The basic principle of the fiber grating sensor sensitization device for measuring the micro strain and the manufacturing method thereof is that the deformation of the grating writing part is larger than the deformation of two ends of the device by changing the strength distribution of the fiber grating structure, and the sensitivity of the fiber grating sensor is increased by amplifying the strain of the grating writing part.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the stress measurement sensitivity enhancing device of the fiber grating sensor, and fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4 are a side view, a front view and a top view of the stress measurement sensitivity enhancing device of the fiber grating sensor, respectively.
According to a specific embodiment of the invention, the fiber grating sensor stress measurement sensitivity enhancing device mainly comprises a bracket, a sensor and a sensor, wherein the bracket comprises a left supporting arm and a right supporting arm which are of L-shaped structures with opposite directions; and two ends of the fiber grating are fixed on the end parts of the left and right support arms of the bracket through clamping parts. The fiber grating clamping component is fixed at the upper ends of the left and right support arms of the bracket in a bolt connection mode. Under normal conditions, the length of the grating is 0.02 m, the length of the remaining optical fiber at the two ends is calculated, and the length of the optical fiber grating sensor is 0.05 m. When the length of the sensitization structure bracket is 0.25 m, the sensitization device measures the strain result which is 5 times of the real strain. In general, the minimum measured strain change of the fiber grating sensor is 10 μ ∈ and when strain measurement is performed using the device, the minimum measured strain change of the sensor can be reduced to 2 μ ∈.
Fig. 5 is a flow chart of steps of the manufacturing method of the stress measurement sensitivity enhancing device of the fiber grating sensor. The support method comprises the following steps:
step 1: punching the fixed support by using a bar planting process and embedding the fixed support into the structure to be tested;
step 2: fixing two rigid cantilever beams on a support in a bolt connection mode by using a clamping component, and bonding the fiber bragg grating sensor at two ends of the rigid cantilever beams to enable a grid region part to be positioned between the two cantilever beams and not to be in direct contact with the cantilever beams;
and step 3: bonding the clamping component on the outer side of one end of the rigid cantilever beam by using epoxy resin glue, and curing the epoxy resin; and pre-tightening the fiber grating sensor at the fixed part at the other end of the rigid cantilever beam by using a bolt, fixing the fiber grating sensor by using epoxy resin glue, and finishing packaging after the glue is cured.
Fig. 6 is a process of sensitivity coefficient calibration using the stress measurement sensitivity enhancing device of the fiber grating sensor, which mainly includes the following steps:
step S1: fixing two ends of the structure to be detected on the fixed support respectively;
step S2: carrying out quantitative temperature change on the structure to be measured;
step S3: acquiring a strain temperature measurement result of the optical fiber sensor of the sensitization device;
step S4: and comparing the measurement result to obtain the sensitization coefficient.
In the step 2, it is assumed that the thermal expansion coefficient of the structure to be measured is α1The coefficient of thermal expansion of the rigid cantilever beam is alpha2When the temperature changes, the rigid cantilever beam and the measuring structure are subjected to thermal expansion to form thermal mismatch, and the deformation of the fiber grating sensor is represented as a variable quantity forcibly driven by the expansion of the structure to be measured and the rigid cantilever beam;
let the distance between two fixed supports be l1(ii) a The length of the fiber grating sensor, i.e. the distance between two rigid cantilever beams, is l2(ii) a Generation of epsilon by the structure to be measured1Strain of (1), temperature change of structure to be measured is Δ T1Temperature change of the rigid cantilever beam is Δ T2Neglecting the influence of the adhesive between the two strain sensitivity enhancing and holding devices and the fiber grating sensor, the deformation quantity delta l between the two corresponding strain sensitivity enhancing and holding devices and the fiber grating sensor1And Δ l2The expression of (b) is shown in formula (1) and formula (2):
Δl1＝l1ε1+α1ΔT1l1 (1)，
Δl2＝l1ε1+α1ΔTl1-α2ΔT2(l1-l2) (2)。
in the step 3, strain quantities epsilon 'of the fiber grating sensor and the structure to be measured are calculated'1、ε'2As shown in formulas (3) and (4):
in the step 4, a sensitivity enhancing coefficient k of the structure to be detected is calculated, as shown in formula (5):
from the above, in a specific application, the sensitivity coefficient of the sensitization device can be adjusted by changing the length of the rigid cantilever beam.
The beneficial technical effects are as follows:
the sensitization type strain sensing monitoring device based on the fiber bragg grating is simple in installation process, low in manufacturing cost, high in sensitivity of a fiber bragg grating sensing element, small in size, resistant to electromagnetic radiation and the like, and the sensitivity coefficient of the monitoring device can be changed according to a theoretical calculation value of strain of a structure to be detected so as to adapt to the requirements of actual engineering.
The invention is suitable for long-term online and dynamic monitoring of the structure due to micro strain, and grasps the information such as the structure health state and the like through the strain monitoring result of the fiber grating sensor arranged at the monitoring point, thereby realizing the unattended remote dynamic online monitoring. The invention greatly improves the measurement precision of the fiber grating sensor under the condition of micro strain change, thereby expanding the application field of the sensor.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a fiber grating sensor stress measurement sensitization device which characterized in that, the sensitization device includes:
the device comprises two pairs of strain sensitivity enhancing clamping devices, two rigid cantilever beams, a fiber grating sensor, a cantilever beam positioning device and a fixed support, wherein the fiber grating sensor is bonded on the rigid cantilever beams;
the two secondary strain sensitivity enhancing clamping devices comprise two semicircular clamping blocks and a plurality of clamping block fixing bolts, wherein one strain sensitivity enhancing clamping device is fastened at one end of each of the two rigid cantilever beams by the two clamping block fixing bolts and steel structure glue, and the other strain sensitivity enhancing clamping device is freely fixed at the other end of each of the two rigid cantilever beams by the two clamping block fixing bolts;
the two rigid cantilever beams are bonded with the fiber bragg grating sensor through the rotary bolt in a pre-tightening mode, and the two rigid cantilever beams are fixed on the support in a bolt connection mode through the clamping component.
2. The fiber bragg grating sensor stress measurement sensitivity enhancing device according to claim 1, wherein the two rigid cantilever beams are two L-shaped structural support arms with opposite directions, and are made of steel; the length of the fiber grating sensor is 0.05 meter.
3. A method for manufacturing the fiber grating sensor stress measurement sensitization device according to claim 1 or 2, comprising the following steps:
step 1: punching the fixed support by using a bar planting process and embedding the fixed support into the structure to be tested;
step 2: fixing two rigid cantilever beams on a support in a bolt connection mode by using a clamping component, and bonding the fiber bragg grating sensor at two ends of the rigid cantilever beams to enable a grid region part to be positioned between the two cantilever beams and not to be in direct contact with the cantilever beams;
and step 3: bonding the clamping component on the outer side of one end of the rigid cantilever beam by using epoxy resin glue, and curing the epoxy resin; and pre-tightening the fiber grating sensor at the fixed part at the other end of the rigid cantilever beam by using a bolt, fixing the fiber grating sensor by using epoxy resin glue, and finishing packaging after the glue is cured.
4. A method for measuring the sensitization coefficient by using the fiber grating sensor stress measurement sensitization device according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: fixing two ends of the structure to be detected on the fixed support respectively;
step S2: carrying out quantitative temperature change on the structure to be measured;
s3, obtaining the strain temperature measurement result of the optical fiber sensor of the sensitization device;
and step S4, comparing the measurement results to obtain a sensitization coefficient.
5. The method of measuring the sensitization coefficient according to claim 4, wherein the step S2 further comprises:
assuming that the thermal expansion coefficient of the structure to be measured is alpha1The coefficient of thermal expansion of the rigid cantilever beam is alpha2When the temperature changes, the rigid cantilever beam and the measuring structure are subjected to thermal expansion to form thermal mismatch, and the deformation of the fiber grating sensor is represented as a variable quantity forcibly driven by the expansion of the structure to be measured and the rigid cantilever beam;
let the distance between two fixed supports be l1(ii) a The length of the fiber grating sensor, i.e. the distance between two rigid cantilever beams, is l2(ii) a Generation of epsilon by the structure to be measured1Strain of (1), temperature change of structure to be measured is Δ T1Temperature change of the rigid cantilever beam is Δ T2Neglecting the influence of the adhesive between the two strain sensitivity enhancing and holding devices and the fiber grating sensor, the deformation quantity delta l between the two corresponding strain sensitivity enhancing and holding devices and the fiber grating sensor1And Δ l2The expression of (b) is shown in formula (1) and formula (2):
Δl1＝l1ε1+α1ΔT1l1 (1)，
Δl2＝l1ε1+α1ΔTl1-α2ΔT2(l1-l2) (2)。
6. the method of measuring the sensitization coefficient according to claim 4, wherein the step S3 further comprises:
strain epsilon 'of fiber bragg grating sensor and structure to be measured is calculated'1、ε'2As shown in formulas (3) and (4):
7. the method of measuring the sensitization coefficient according to claim 4, wherein the step S4 further comprises:
calculating the sensitivity enhancing coefficient k of the structure to be detected, as shown in formula (5):
8. the method of measuring the sensitization coefficient of any one of claims 4-7, wherein the sensitivity coefficient of the sensitization device is adjustable by changing the length of the rigid cantilever beam.
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| CN202110421487.0A CN113155332A (en) | 2021-04-20 | 2021-04-20 | Stress measurement sensitivity enhancing device of fiber grating sensor and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN202122118104.0U CN215984960U (en) | 2021-04-20 | 2021-09-03 | A fiber grating sensor sensitization device for measuring small meeting an emergency |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115183741A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-10-14 | 武汉理工大学 | Fiber grating tilt angle sensor |
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| CN115560682B (en) * | 2022-12-05 | 2023-02-03 | 上海拜安传感技术有限公司 | Displacement measuring device and manufacturing method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115183741A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-10-14 | 武汉理工大学 | Fiber grating tilt angle sensor |
| CN115183741B (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2023-12-26 | 武汉理工大学 | Optical fiber grating inclination sensor |
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Application publication date: 20210723 |