CN113155115A - Continuous beam atomic interference gyroscope and measuring method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a continuous beam atom interference gyroscope, which comprises an interference cavity and an atom beam device, wherein the atom beam device comprises an atom cavity, a connecting pipe, a first heating device, a straight cylinder part, a collimator, a second heating device, a graphite absorption device, a corrugated pipe, a vacuum differential pipe and a two-dimensional transverse cooling device. By adopting the capillary, the emergent atomic beam is highly collimated, and the sub-Doppler cooling is carried out in the two-dimensional direction, so that the lower transverse speed can be realized, and the minimum divergence angle can be realized. The measurement precision of the atomic interference gyroscope is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of quantum precision measurement, in particular to a continuous beam atomic interference gyroscope and a measurement method of the continuous beam atomic interference gyroscope, and is suitable for the technical field of atomic inertia precision measurement.
Technical Field
The atomic interference gyroscope can be used as a brand-new precision measurement device for accurately measuring the rotation information of the carrier. And because of the advantages of high sensitivity, good long-term stability and the like, the method can be widely applied to an inertial navigation system. The combination of the gyroscope and the accelerometer can obtain the rotation of the carrier and the movement attitude and position information. The development of inertial navigation technology can be equated in some sense with the development of two large inertial sensor technologies, gyroscope and accelerometer. In order to better apply the atomic interference gyroscope to precision measurement science and technology and even utilize the atomic interference gyroscope to test generalized relativistic effect in the future, the high-precision atomic interference gyroscope needs to be developed.
The atom interference gyroscope develops various types after years of development, and can be divided into atom beam type atom interference according to the different temperatures of the adopted atom sourcesGyroscopes, cold radical type atomic interference gyroscopes, and ultra-cold radical type atomic interference gyroscopes. Due to the rapid development of the laser cooling technology, the ultra-cold atomic groups have better coherence, but the technical difficulty of realization is higher, most of the existing atomic interference gyroscopes adopt cold atomic sources, and various schemes and means are adopted to improve the short-term sensitivity of the atomic interference gyroscopes to
However, the measurement accuracy of the atomic interference gyroscope is mainly limited by the atomic interference loop area and the phase noise of the interference fringes. The vibration noise is the most main factor limiting the high-precision atomic interference gyroscope, and the influence of the atomic beam current on gravity is relatively smaller due to the high speed. Meanwhile, since the phase noise of the atomic interference fringe is related to the number of atoms participating in interference, the sensitivity of the atomic interference gyroscope is proportional to 1/N1/2Compared with a cold atom scheme of a magneto-optical trap technology, the hot atom beam scheme can increase the number of atoms by 106The sensitivity of the atomic interference gyroscope can be obviously improved theoretically under the condition of the same scale factor.
As early as 2000 years or so, Stanford realizes an atomic interference gyroscope by using a thermal atomic beam, only carries out transverse Doppler cooling on the beam, has the transverse speed of about 10cm/s, is technically optimized, and finally improves the short-term sensitivity to
The performance of the gyroscope is further improved, and the gyroscope has the best performance of the atomic interference gyroscope at that time. However, in order to utilize the atomic interference gyroscope to examine the generalized relativistic effect, the atomic beam intensity is required to be higher and the atomic interference loop area is required to be larger, which means that the divergence angle of an atomic beam source is smaller, only the smaller divergence angle can ensure that the atomic diffusion is small through a very long interference region, the coincidence degree of the emitted atoms is high, and the requirement of the interference condition is met, so that the atomic gyroscope is realized by the thermal atomic beam based on the capillary structure, and meanwhile, the atomic gyroscope is providedThe atomic furnace part is heated in a segmented mode, the atomic beam current can be pre-cooled by adopting a capillary structure, the collimation of the interferometer is greatly improved, and the rotation measurement resolution of the atomic gyroscope is favorably improved. Meanwhile, the intensity of emergent atomic beam can reach 10 by adopting a segmented heating structure14Compared with a Stanford thermal atomic beam scheme, the atomic beam intensity of atoms/s is improved by more than 3 orders of magnitude, and besides transverse Doppler cooling, sub-Doppler cooling is simultaneously performed on the emergent atomic beam, so that the transverse temperature of the atoms can be further reduced, and a reasonable scheme and a device are provided for detecting the generalized relativistic effect by utilizing an atomic interference gyroscope. Therefore, the atomic interference gyroscope with higher precision is mainly realized by improving the beam intensity of the atomic beam and reducing the transverse temperature of atoms.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, provides a continuous beam atomic interference gyroscope and a measuring method of the continuous beam atomic interference gyroscope, improves the precision of the atomic interference gyroscope, adopts a scheme of a capillary tube and sectional heating to improve the intensity of the atomic beam, adopts large-scale space separation Raman light to realize atomic interference after Doppler cooling, sub-Doppler cooling and state selection of the atomic beam, and finally extracts a rotation signal to realize high-precision measurement.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a continuous beam atom interference gyroscope comprises an interference cavity and an atom beam device, wherein the atom beam device comprises an atom cavity, a connecting pipe, a first heating device, a straight cylinder part, a collimator, a second heating device, a graphite absorption device, a corrugated pipe, a vacuum differential pipe and a two-dimensional transverse cooling device,
the first heating device is arranged outside the primary cavity and the connecting pipe, the second heating device is arranged outside the straight cylinder part and the collimator,
the atom cavity is connected with the straight cylinder part through a connecting pipe, the straight cylinder part is connected with the graphite absorption device through a collimator, and the graphite absorption device is connected with one end of the interference cavity through a vacuum differential pipe and a two-dimensional transverse cooling device in sequence.
A plurality of capillaries are provided in the collimator as described above.
The heating temperature of the second heating means as described above is higher than the heating temperature of the first heating means.
The graphite absorption device is externally provided with a corrugated pipe.
The number of the atomic beam current devices is two, and the two-dimensional transverse cooling devices of the two atomic beam current devices are respectively connected with two ends of the interference cavity.
The two-dimensional transverse cooling device as described above is incident with cooling light, pump back light and probe light, and the interference cavity is incident with raman light.
A continuous beam atom interference gyroscope also comprises a Raman light generating device, wherein the Raman light generating device comprises an optical fiber coupling head, a first lens amplifying system, a cylindrical lens, a vertical slit, a second lens amplifying system, a first horizontal slit, a round hole, a third lens amplifying system and a second horizontal slit which are sequentially distributed along an optical axis,
the first horizontal slit is arranged on the focal plane of the second lens magnification system, and the vertical slit is arranged on the focal plane of the cylindrical mirror.
A measuring method of a continuous beam atomic interference gyroscope comprises the following steps:
the second atomic beam sequentially passes through beam splitting, recombination and beam combination in the interference cavity, enters a two-dimensional transverse cooling device of the first atomic beam device, is detected by the detection light, and is detected by a photoelectric detector to obtain a second fluorescence signal;
and 3, obtaining phase shift according to the first fluorescence signal and the second fluorescence signal.
subtracting the second background fluorescence signal from the first fluorescence signal to obtain a corrected first fluorescence signal, subtracting the first background fluorescence signal from the second fluorescence signal to obtain a corrected second fluorescence signal, obtaining a phase shift according to a difference value between the corrected first fluorescence signal and the corrected second fluorescence signal,
the second background fluorescence signal is a fluorescence signal obtained by only the second atomic beam entering the interference cavity, the second atomic beam being detected by the detection light in the two-dimensional transverse cooling device of the second atomic beam device after being selected,
the first background fluorescence signal is a fluorescence signal obtained by only allowing a first atomic beam to enter the interference cavity, detecting by detection light in a two-dimensional transverse cooling device of the first atomic beam device after the state of the first atomic beam is selected, and detecting by a photoelectric detector.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. different from cold atom beams, the thermal atom beams are adopted, the vibration influence of gravity on the thermal atom beams is smaller, and meanwhile, the thermal atom beams have large intensity and more atom number.
2. By adopting the capillary, the emergent atomic beam is highly collimated, and the sub-Doppler cooling is carried out in the two-dimensional direction, so that the lower transverse speed can be realized, and the minimum divergence angle can be realized.
3. The measurement accuracy of the atomic interference gyroscope is improved by utilizing the advantages of large atomic beam intensity, lower atomic temperature and the likeTo
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an atomic beam current device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a Raman light generating apparatus;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the connection of the interferometric cavity;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the overall optical path of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-an atom cavity (rubidium atom source), 2-a first heating device (100 ℃), 3-a second heating device (150 ℃), 4-a capillary tube, 5-a graphite absorption device, 6-a vacuum differential tube, 7-a corrugated tube, 8-a two-dimensional transverse cooling device, 9-a first lens amplification system, 10-a cylindrical mirror, 11-a vertical slit, 12-a second lens amplification system, 13-a first horizontal slit, 14-a third lens amplification system, 15-a circular hole, 16-a second horizontal slit, 17-cooling light, 18-detection light, 19-Raman light, 20-an interference cavity, 21-a connecting tube and 22-a straight tube part; 23-collimator.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples for the purpose of facilitating understanding and practice of the invention by those of ordinary skill in the art, and it is to be understood that the present invention has been described in the illustrative embodiments and is not to be construed as limited thereto.
A continuous beam atom interference gyroscope comprises an interference cavity 20 and an atom beam device, wherein the atom beam device comprises an atom cavity 1, a connecting pipe 21, a first heating device 2, a straight cylinder part 22, a collimator 23, a second heating device 3, a graphite absorption device 5, a corrugated pipe 7, a vacuum differential pipe 6 and a two-dimensional transverse cooling device 8,
the first heating means 2 is disposed outside the atom chamber 1 and the connecting tube 21, the second heating means 3 is disposed outside the straight tube portion 22 and the collimator 23,
the atom cavity 1 is connected with a straight cylinder part 22 through a connecting pipe 21, the straight cylinder part 22 is connected with a graphite absorption device 5 through a collimator 23, and the graphite absorption device 5 is connected with one end of the interference cavity 20 through a vacuum differential pipe 6 and a two-dimensional transverse cooling device 8 in sequence.
A plurality of capillaries 4 are provided in the collimator 23.
The heating temperature of the second heating means 3 is higher than the heating temperature of the first heating means 2.
The graphite absorber 5 is externally provided with a bellows 7.
The number of the atom beam devices is two, and the two-dimensional transverse cooling devices 8 of the two atom beam devices are respectively connected with two ends of the interference cavity 20.
The two-dimensional transverse cooling device 8 is incident with cooling light 17, pump-back light and probe light 18, and the interference cavity 20 is incident with raman light 19.
In this embodiment, the rubidium atom source in the atomic cavity 1 is heated to 100 ℃ by the first heating device and then transferred to the straight cylinder 22, the total length of the straight cylinder 22 is 45mm, the length of the connecting pipe 21 is 20mm, the inner diameter of the collimator 23 is 6mm, and hundreds of stainless steel capillaries 4 with the outer diameter of 200 μm and the inner diameter of 100 μm are arranged in the middle of the collimator 23. The straight cylinder part 22 and the capillary 4 are heated to about 150 ℃, the final atoms are sprayed at the speed of 300m/s through the capillary 4 and enter the two-dimensional transverse cooling device 8, the purpose of segmented heating is to obtain higher atomic strength, the final atomic beam intensity is related to the heating temperature of the capillary 4, and experimental measurement shows that when the heating temperature of the capillary 4 is 110 ℃, the beam intensity is 7 multiplied by 1014Atom/sec, the beam intensity becomes larger as the temperature increases. Compared with the cold atom scheme of the magneto-optical trap technology, the atom beam current intensity is improved by 106In the above, the sensitivity of the gyroscope can be theoretically improved by three orders of magnitude by adopting the scheme under the same scale factor.
The atoms emitted from the capillary 4 have relatively large divergence angles and low collimation, so that the graphite absorption device 5 is added after passing through the capillary 4, and the graphite absorption device 5 is arranged, so that the first consideration is two aspects, namely the first consideration is to absorb rubidium atoms emitted from the edge of the capillary 4 and ensure the high collimation of the atom beam. Another purpose is that in the double-loop interference gyroscope, the influence of the rubidium atoms sprayed from the opposite side on the capillary 4 at the other end can be effectively avoided.Meanwhile, a vacuum differential tube 6 is additionally arranged behind the graphite absorption device 5, so that the vacuum degrees of a cooling area of the two-dimensional transverse cooling device 8 and an interference area of the interference cavity 20 are ensured to the maximum extent, the contrast ratio of interference fringes is improved, and the vacuum degrees of the whole cooling area and the interference area can reach 10-8pa is higher than the total. Because the height coincidence of the opposite atomic beam current is required to be ensured in the interference process, the corrugated pipe 7 is designed outside the graphite absorption device 5, firstly, the approximate collimation is completed through a mechanical structure when the atomic beam current device is assembled, and finally, the coincidence of two atomic beam currents is realized by adjusting the pitching of the corrugated pipe 7 and the left and right sides of the corrugated pipe and simultaneously by means of laser collimation.
After the collimated atomic beam is first subjected to two-dimensional lateral doppler cooling by the cooling light 17 incident to the two-dimensional lateral cooling device 8, the limiting speed of the atomic beam is 145.6 μ K for rubidium atoms, and the corresponding atomic speed is 11.8 cm/s. Ideally, if the rubidium atom beam after passing through the capillary 4 is cooled laterally to the doppler limit (lateral direction means perpendicular to the direction of rubidium atom beam ejection), the lateral velocity will decrease from 2.5m/s to 11.8cm/s, while the divergence angle will decrease from 8mrad to 0.4 mrad. In order to obtain smaller divergence angle and apply the divergence angle to a large-scale atom gyroscope, two-dimensional transverse sub-Doppler cooling is studied experimentally, the temperature of the rubidium atom sub-Doppler cooling limit is 0.36 mu K, the corresponding atom velocity is 0.6cm/s, and if the atom transverse velocity is cooled to the sub-Doppler limit, the divergence angle of the atom beam is further reduced to 0.02mrad, so that even though passing through a longer interference region, due to the small divergence angle, the atom beam can be ensured to be well consistent with the requirements of interference manipulation and detection.
As shown in fig. 2, a continuous beam atomic interference gyroscope further includes a raman light generating device, the raman light generating device includes a fiber coupling head, a first lens magnifying system 9, a cylindrical mirror 10, a vertical slit 11, a second lens magnifying system 12, a first horizontal slit 13, a circular hole 15, a third lens magnifying system 14 and a second horizontal slit 16 which are sequentially distributed along an optical axis,
the first horizontal slit 13 is arranged in the focal plane of the second lens magnification system 12 and the vertical slit 11 is arranged in the focal plane of the cylindrical mirror 10.
In this embodiment, the diameter of the designed raman light spot is 0.3 × 30mm, the model of the optical fiber coupling head is PAF-X-11-B of sorel corporation, and the focal length of the lens is 11 mm. The diameter of the output light spot is about 2.1 mm. Then, the light spot is magnified by 3 times through the first lens magnification system 9 to be used as a main light source, in order to realize the size of the light spot with the diameter of 3cm, the light spot is magnified by 5 times through the second lens magnification system 12 and the third lens magnification system 14 again, a circular light spot with the diameter of 31.5mm is obtained after passing through the third lens magnification system 14, in order to realize the reduction of the light spot in the horizontal direction, the first horizontal slit 13 is added on the focal plane of the third lens magnification system 12, the horizontal size of the final light spot can be changed by changing the width of the first horizontal slit 13, and meanwhile, the loss of the optical power can be reduced to the maximum extent. Finally, in order to ensure that the vertical direction is also parallel slit light, a vertical slit 11 is added behind a first lens amplifying system 9, a cylindrical lens 10 is added between the vertical slit 11 and the first lens amplifying system 9, the vertical slit 11 is also ensured to be positioned on a focal plane of the cylindrical lens 10, finally, the light spot size adjustment in the vertical direction can be realized by changing the width of the vertical slit 11 and the distance between the vertical slit 11 and the second lens amplifying system 12, in the whole process, the vertical slit 11, a first horizontal slit 13 and a second horizontal slit 16 are respectively fixed on a 5-dimensional adjusting frame, the strict perpendicularity to the light path is ensured, and in order to eliminate aberration, all the first lens amplifying system 9, the second lens amplifying system 12 and a third lens amplifying system 14 must be strictly coaxial. A large aperture (about 3cm in diameter) circular aperture 15 is added in front of the third lens magnification system 14 to eliminate vertical diffracted light, and a small second horizontal slit 16 is added behind the third lens magnification system 14 to eliminate horizontal diffracted light.
A measuring method of a continuous beam atomic interference gyroscope comprises the following steps:
Because the atomic beam scheme is different from the cold atomic scheme, the requirement on time sequence is less, and the time sequence acquisition is only needed to be carried out in the data acquisition process, so that the gradient magnetic field and the uniform magnetic field are both in an open state in the whole process. The beam current is transversely cooled by utilizing the cooling light 17 and the pumping-back light, the magnetic field direction is the same as the principle of the optical field polarization and the 2D MOT in cold atoms, the longitudinal speed of the atom beam current is very high, the width of the cooling light 17 determines the cooling time, the cooling time is not long enough due to the excessively small width and cannot reach the Doppler cooling limit, and the size of the whole gyroscope is increased due to the excessively large width, so that the most appropriate cooling light spot size needs to be researched experimentally. After Doppler cooling is completed, the cooling light power is reduced, meanwhile, cooling light detuning is increased, and sub-Doppler cooling is completed. The same holds for sub-doppler cooling spot sizes. And the atomic beam after transverse cooling enters an interference region after completing the atomic state preparation through state selection. The first atom beam device and the second atom beam device at the two ends of the interference cavity 20 are completely the same and symmetrical, the cooling light also shares the same beam, and finally the atom beam intensity and the transverse temperature at the two sides are consistent. The influence of the earth magnetic field and the stray magnetic field is suppressed by using a permalloy magnetic field shielding system in the whole cooling area and the interference area.
the second atomic beam sequentially passes through beam splitting, recombination and beam combination in the interference cavity, enters the two-dimensional transverse cooling device 8 of the first atomic beam device, is detected by the detection light, and is detected by the photoelectric detector to obtain a second fluorescence signal;
and 3, obtaining phase shift according to the first fluorescence signal and the second fluorescence signal.
After the atoms realize the state selection, the atoms enter an interference region, the direction of a uniform magnetic field is the same as the direction of Raman light 19, three groups of oppositely emitted Raman lasers (pi/2-pi/2) synchronously and coherently operate the internal states and the external states of two paths of atom beams, when the atom population number is coherently transferred, the atoms obtain photon momentum, the external states corresponding to different internal states obtain different photon momentum, and coherent beam splitting, recombination and beam combination of atom wave packets are realized, so that a diatomic interference loop is constructed.
After the interference is finished, in a detection area, two photoelectric detectors with fast response are adopted to observe the number of atoms in different internal states, and atom interference fringes are obtained.
Subtracting the second background fluorescence signal from the first fluorescence signal to obtain a corrected first fluorescence signal, subtracting the first background fluorescence signal from the second fluorescence signal to obtain a corrected second fluorescence signal, obtaining a phase shift according to a difference value between the corrected first fluorescence signal and the corrected second fluorescence signal,
the second background fluorescence signal is a fluorescence signal obtained by only the second atomic beam entering the interference cavity, the second atomic beam being detected by the detection light in the two-dimensional transverse cooling device 8 of the second atomic beam device after being selected,
the first background fluorescence signal is a fluorescence signal obtained by only allowing the first atomic beam to enter the interference cavity, detecting by the detection light in the two-dimensional transverse cooling device 8 of the first atomic beam device after the state selection of the first atomic beam, and detecting by the photoelectric detector.
The photoelectric detector in the first atom beam device (the left end of the interference cavity 20) measures and obtains a second fluorescence signal, and the second fluorescence signal P1Two parts (the first atom beam (left side) blows off the fluorescence signal of atoms on one part of other states after state selection and the atom stem generated by the second atom beam (right side)Interference signal), it is necessary to subtract the fluorescence signal of the atoms in some other states after the first atom beam (left side) is selected as the background to obtain the corrected second fluorescence signal P10，
A photoelectric detector in a second atom beam device (the right end of the interference cavity 20) measures and obtains a first fluorescence signal P2There are also two parts (the fluorescence signal of the atoms in other states blown away after the second atomic beam (right) is selected and the atom interference signal generated by the first atomic beam (left)), so that the corrected first fluorescence signal P is obtained after the fluorescence signal of the atoms in other states blown away after the second atomic beam (right) is selected is subtracted as the background20And finally subtracting the corrected fluorescent signals obtained by the two paths of detection to obtain the phase shift caused by rotation, and finally realizing the measurement of the rotation signal. The techniques for phase extraction after atomic interference are general techniques in this section and are not discussed in detail in this patent.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A continuous beam atom interference gyroscope comprises an interference cavity (20) and is characterized by further comprising an atom beam device, wherein the atom beam device comprises an atom cavity (1), a connecting pipe (21), a first heating device (2), a straight cylinder part (22), a collimator (23), a second heating device (3), a graphite absorption device (5), a corrugated pipe (7), a vacuum differential pipe (6) and a two-dimensional transverse cooling device (8),
the first heating device (2) is arranged outside the primary cavity (1) and the connecting pipe (21), the second heating device (3) is arranged outside the straight cylinder part (22) and the collimator (23),
the atom cavity (1) is connected with a straight cylinder part (22) through a connecting pipe (21), the straight cylinder part (22) is connected with a graphite absorption device (5) through a collimator (23), and the graphite absorption device (5) is connected with one end of the interference cavity (20) through a vacuum differential pipe (6) and a two-dimensional transverse cooling device (8) in sequence.
2. A continuous beam atomic interference gyroscope according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of capillaries (4) are provided in the collimator (23).
3. A continuous beam atomic interference gyroscope according to claim 2, characterized in that the second heating means (3) is heated at a higher temperature than the first heating means (2).
4. A continuous beam atomic interference gyroscope according to claim 3, characterized in that the graphite absorber (5) is externally provided with a bellows (7).
5. The continuous beam atomic interference gyroscope according to claim 4, wherein the number of the atomic beam devices is two, and the two-dimensional transverse cooling devices (8) of the two atomic beam devices are respectively connected with two ends of the interference cavity (20).
6. The continuous beam atomic interference gyroscope according to claim 5, wherein the two-dimensional transversal cooling device (8) is incident with cooling light (17), back pump light and probe light (18), and the interference cavity (20) is incident with Raman light (19).
7. The continuous beam atomic interference gyroscope according to claim 6, further comprising a Raman light generating device, wherein the Raman light generating device comprises a fiber coupling head, a first lens amplifying system (9), a cylindrical mirror (10), a vertical slit (11), a second lens amplifying system (12), a first horizontal slit (13), a circular hole (15), a third lens amplifying system (14) and a second horizontal slit (16) which are sequentially distributed along an optical axis,
the first horizontal slit (13) is arranged on the focal plane of the second lens magnification system (12), and the vertical slit (11) is arranged on the focal plane of the cylindrical mirror (10).
8. A method for measuring a continuous beam atomic interference gyroscope, which utilizes the continuous beam atomic interference gyroscope of claim 5, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, opening a first heating device (2) and a second heating device (3) in an atom beam device, enabling alkali metal atoms in an atom cavity (1) to sequentially pass through the atom cavity (1) and a straight cylinder part (22) and then pass through each capillary (4) in a collimator (23) to generate atom beams, and utilizing cooling light (17) and back pump light to transversely cool the atom beams, wherein the two atom beam devices are respectively a first atom beam device and a second atom beam device, the atom beams transversely cooled in the first atom beam device are first atom beams, the atom beams transversely cooled in the first atom beam device are second atom beams, and the first atom beams and the second atom beams are coaxial and respectively incident from the left end and the right end of an interference cavity (20);
step 2, the first atomic beam current sequentially passes through beam splitting, recombination and combination in the interference cavity and then enters a two-dimensional transverse cooling device (8) of a second atomic beam current device to be detected by detection light, and a photoelectric detector detects the detection light to obtain a first fluorescence signal;
the second atomic beam sequentially passes through beam splitting, recombination and beam combination in the interference cavity and then enters a two-dimensional transverse cooling device (8) of the first atomic beam device to be detected by the detection light, and a second fluorescence signal is obtained through detection by a photoelectric detector;
and 3, obtaining phase shift according to the first fluorescence signal and the second fluorescence signal.
9. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the step 3 comprises the steps of:
subtracting the second background fluorescence signal from the first fluorescence signal to obtain a corrected first fluorescence signal, subtracting the first background fluorescence signal from the second fluorescence signal to obtain a corrected second fluorescence signal, obtaining a phase shift according to a difference value between the corrected first fluorescence signal and the corrected second fluorescence signal,
the second background fluorescence signal is a fluorescence signal obtained by only the second atomic beam entering the interference cavity, the second atomic beam being detected by the detection light in the two-dimensional transverse cooling device (8) of the second atomic beam device after being selected,
the first background fluorescence signal is a fluorescence signal obtained by only allowing a first atomic beam to enter the interference cavity, detecting by detection light in a two-dimensional transverse cooling device (8) of the first atomic beam device after the state selection of the first atomic beam and detecting by a photoelectric detector.
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