CN113154979B - Static rock breaking construction method of large-inclination-angle wet drilling expanding agent - Google Patents
Static rock breaking construction method of large-inclination-angle wet drilling expanding agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN113154979B CN113154979B CN202110437273.2A CN202110437273A CN113154979B CN 113154979 B CN113154979 B CN 113154979B CN 202110437273 A CN202110437273 A CN 202110437273A CN 113154979 B CN113154979 B CN 113154979B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a static rock breaking construction method of a large-dip-angle wet drilling expanding agent, which comprises the following steps of: defining a crushing line on the surface of the rock and defining a drilling position along the crushing line; performing wet drilling on the contra-rotating hole positions by using a rock drill; blowing out accumulated water in the drill hole by using a high-pressure air pipe; inserting the auxiliary rod into the hole, and pouring the expanding agent into the hole in sections; carrying out secondary crushing on the rock stratum which is expanded and fractured by using a hydraulic crushing hammer; slag removal and transfer: and (4) cleaning and transferring the secondarily crushed rocks by adopting an excavator bucket. The static rock breaking construction method of the swelling agent for the large-dip-angle wet drilling saves the time and money cost for opening the free surface, and improves the rock breaking and excavating efficiency under the condition that the construction site of limited space such as a foundation pit, a tunnel and the like has no free surface or the limited operation of the free surface; meanwhile, the problem of dust pollution in the construction process of the expanding agent is solved fundamentally, and the purposes of safety, high efficiency and environmental protection are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rock breaking construction, in particular to a static rock breaking construction method of a large-inclination-angle wet drilling expanding agent.
Background
The construction technology for statically crushing the rock by the expanding agent is safe and environment-friendly because no vibration, flying rocks, noise and the like exist in the rock crushing process, and is applied to many rock excavation projects in urban complex environments with high requirements on construction safety;
at present, the existing static rock breaking construction method for the expanding agent has certain disadvantages when in use, firstly, the traditional expanding agent construction process has the characteristics of high drilling density, high raw material unit price, high consumption, long operation cycle period, harsh working environment and the like, and compared with the construction processes such as explosive blasting excavation and liquid carbon dioxide phase change cracking excavation, the construction process has the defects of high construction cost and low efficiency, and particularly under the construction operation environments such as subway foundation pits and tunnels with small operation space, the defects can be more prominent due to the insufficient free face of the construction operation; secondly, the existing expanding agent is injected into the hole in a cover filling mode, and under the action of air in the hole, certain air can be remained in the expanding agent, so that when the expanding agent expands, the expansion volume cannot reach a preset standard, the expansion rock breaking effect is reduced, and the rock breaking and excavating construction efficiency is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a static rock breaking construction method of a large-inclination-angle wet drilling expanding agent, which can effectively solve the problems in the background art and is mainly used under the operation condition that enough operation free surfaces (only horizontal free surfaces but not vertical free surfaces) are lacked in construction operation sites in limited spaces such as foundation pits, tunnels, pile wells and the like related to earth and stone engineering in the infrastructure construction of various large-scale energy power facilities and the municipal engineering construction.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a static rock breaking construction method of a large-inclination-angle wet drilling expanding agent comprises the following steps:
measuring, positioning and hole distribution: dividing a crushing line on the surface of the rock, and dividing drilling holes at equal intervals along the crushing line;
and (3) wet drilling: using a rock drill to align the drilling position and adopting wet drilling;
blowing holes by a high-pressure air pipe: blowing off accumulated water in the drill holes one by adopting a high-pressure air pipe;
preparing and filling an expanding agent: firstly, inserting an auxiliary rod into a drilled hole, and then pouring the prepared expanding agent into the hole in sections;
secondary crushing: performing secondary crushing and small breaking on the rock stratum which is expanded and fractured by using a hydraulic breaking hammer;
clearing and transferring: and (4) cleaning and transferring the secondarily crushed rock by adopting an excavator bucket to expose a new excavation working surface.
Preferably, in the measurement positioning and hole distribution, the distance between drilling positions is 200-800mm, and the hole diameter is 40-100mm.
Preferably, when the wet drilling is carried out, the included angle between the drilling direction and the upper surface of the excavated rock mass is 150-165 degrees.
Preferably, the inflation agent is prepared and is loaded the in-process, the auxiliary rod includes the connecting rod of the mutual threaded connection of multiunit and is annular fender dish in the connecting rod outside through threaded connection, the outside of connecting rod is close to fender dish position and has seted up the multiunit through-hole, and the defeated material hole intercommunication that the through-hole was seted up with connecting rod center department, the internally mounted of defeated material hole has the baffle rather than the inner wall laminating.
Preferably, the baffle is connected with the winding roller outside the topmost connecting rod through a traction rope connected to the top of the baffle.
Preferably, a baffle plate is arranged between two adjacent groups of through holes.
Preferably, the ratio of the expanding agent to the water is 4:1, the water-cement ratio can be properly adjusted according to the type of the expanding agent and seasonal air temperature difference during construction, the expanding agent is firstly poured into a mixing bucket, then the proper amount of water calculated according to the water-cement ratio is added into the mixing bucket, meanwhile, a handheld electric stirrer is used for stirring at the rotating speed of 80-120r/min, and the prepared expanding agent is obtained after stirring.
Preferably, the step of pouring comprises the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: firstly, discharging the traction rope, stopping when the baffle moves to the position of the uppermost through hole, and pouring the prepared expanding agent into the material conveying hole;
step two: after the space between the two groups of baffle discs at the top is filled with the expanding agent, blowing air into the material conveying holes by using a fan;
step three: after the second step is finished, the traction rope is discharged, and the prepared expanding agent is poured into the material conveying hole when the baffle moves to the position of the next layer of through hole and stops;
step four: sequentially repeating the second step to the third step, and stopping when the baffle plate moves to the lowest end of the auxiliary rod;
step five: the plug rod is inserted into a material conveying hole at the top of the connecting rod.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
firstly, the time and money cost for opening the free face are saved, and the rock breaking and excavating efficiency under the limited space construction conditions of no free face or limited free face of the foundation pit, the tunnel, the pile well and the like related to the earth and stone engineering in the foundation construction and the municipal engineering construction of various large-scale energy power facilities is improved; meanwhile, the problem of dust pollution in the construction process of the expanding agent is fundamentally solved, and the purposes of safety, high efficiency and environmental protection are achieved;
secondly, the auxiliary rod is used for pouring the expanding agent into the hole, so that air remained in the hole when the expanding agent is poured can be avoided, and the effect of the expanding agent on cracking the rock is improved;
and thirdly, the expanding agent is poured into the hole layer by layer in a time-sharing manner to form different sections of expanding agent expansion cracking action time difference, so that the rock can be crushed layer by layer from top to bottom, the upper rock can be cracked first and then new free surface and expansion space can be provided for the lower rock, and the cracking effect of the lower rock can be improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall flow chart of a static rock breaking construction method of a large-inclination-angle wet drilling expanding agent of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of an auxiliary rod in the static rock breaking construction method of the swelling agent for the large-dip-angle wet drilling of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view of a connecting rod in the static rock breaking construction method of the swelling agent for the large-dip-angle wet drilling.
In the figure: 1. a connecting rod; 2. a catch tray; 3. a baffle plate; 4. a hauling rope; 5. and a through hole.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, the static rock breaking construction method of the swelling agent for the large-dip-angle wet drilling comprises the following steps:
measuring, positioning and hole distribution: dividing crushing lines on the surface of the rock, and dividing drill hole positions at equal intervals along the crushing lines, wherein the intervals among the drill hole positions are 800mm, and the aperture is 100mm;
and (3) wet drilling: using a rock drill to align with hole positions and adopting wet drilling, wherein the included angle between the drilling direction and the surface of an excavated rock body is 150 degrees;
blowing holes by a high-pressure air pipe: blowing off accumulated water in the drill holes one by adopting a high-pressure air pipe;
preparing and filling an expanding agent: firstly, inserting an auxiliary rod into a drilled hole, then pouring the prepared expanding agent into the hole in a segmented mode, wherein the mass ratio of the expanding agent to water is 4:1, during preparation, firstly pouring the expanding agent into a mixing bucket, then adding proper water amount calculated according to the water-cement ratio into the mixing bucket, simultaneously stirring at the rotating speed of 80r/min by using a handheld electric stirrer, obtaining the prepared expanding agent after stirring, and pouring the expanding agent in the segmented mode comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: firstly, the hauling rope 4 is discharged, the baffle 3 is stopped when moving to the position of the uppermost through hole 5, and the prepared expanding agent is poured into the material conveying hole;
step two: after the space between the two groups of baffle discs 2 at the top is filled with the expanding agent, blowing air into the material conveying holes by using a fan;
step three: after the second step is finished, the traction rope 4 is discharged, and the prepared expanding agent is poured into the material conveying hole when the baffle 3 moves to the position of the next layer of through hole 5 and stops;
step four: sequentially repeating the second step to the third step, and stopping when the baffle 3 moves to the lowest end of the auxiliary rod;
step five: the plug rod is inserted into a material conveying hole at the top of the connecting rod 1.
Secondary crushing: performing secondary crushing and small breaking on the rock stratum which is expanded and fractured by using a hydraulic breaking hammer;
slag removal and transfer: and (4) cleaning and transferring the secondarily crushed rocks by adopting an excavator bucket so as to expose a new excavation working surface.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the auxiliary rod includes connecting rod 1 of the mutual threaded connection of multiunit and is annular fender dish 2 through threaded connection in connecting rod 1 outside, multiunit through-hole 5 has been seted up to the outside of connecting rod 1 near fender dish 2 position, and the defeated material hole intercommunication that through-hole 5 and connecting rod 1 center department seted up, the internally mounted in defeated material hole has the baffle 3 rather than the inner wall laminating.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the baffle 3 is connected with the wind-up roll outside the topmost connecting rod 1 by a pull rope 4 connected to the top thereof.
Referring to fig. 2, a blocking piece is installed between two adjacent sets of through holes 5.
When the device is used, firstly, crushing lines are defined on the surface of a rock, and drilling holes are defined at equal intervals along the crushing lines, wherein the intervals among the drilling holes are 800mm, and the hole diameter is 100mm; after the broken line is defined, a rock drill is used for aligning to hole positions and adopting wet drilling, the included angle between the drilling direction and the surface of the excavated rock mass is 150 degrees, and after the holes are drilled, water accumulated in the drilled holes is blown dry one by adopting high-pressure air pipes.
After drilling is completed, the auxiliary rods are spliced, the connecting rods 1 are connected together through threaded connection, after the auxiliary rods are spliced, the spliced auxiliary rods are inserted into drilled holes, and then the prepared expanding agent is poured into the holes in a segmented mode, wherein the ratio of the expanding agent to water is 4:1, during configuration, the expanding agent is poured into a mixing bucket firstly, proper water amount calculated according to the water-cement ratio is added into the mixing bucket, meanwhile, a handheld electric stirrer is used for stirring at the rotating speed of 80r/min, the prepared expanding agent is obtained after stirring, and the segmented pouring comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: firstly, the hauling rope 4 is discharged, the baffle 3 is stopped when moving to the position of the uppermost through hole 5, and the prepared expanding agent is poured into the material conveying hole;
step two: after the space between the two groups of the baffle discs 2 at the top is filled with the expanding agent, the fan is used for blowing air into the material conveying holes, so that the expanding agent can be uniformly filled into the gaps in the middle of the baffle discs 2, and the gaps are avoided;
step three: after the second step is finished, the traction rope 4 is discharged, and when the baffle 3 moves to the position of the next layer of through hole 5, the prepared expanding agent is poured into the material conveying hole;
step four: and repeating the second step to the third step in sequence, and stopping when the baffle 3 moves to the lowest end of the auxiliary rod. The injection of the swelling agent is completed.
Step five: insert the cock stem in the defeated material hole at connecting rod 1 top, wherein the external diameter of cock stem equals with the internal diameter in defeated material hole, thereby plug up defeated material hole, when preventing the inflation agent inflation, enter into the defeated material hole of connecting rod 1, simultaneously can also strengthen the hardness of connecting rod 1, when preventing the inflation agent inflation, with connecting rod 1 extrusion deformation, because the inflation agent is injected into by the equidistant time-sharing section from top to bottom, consequently the inflation agent can be from the top down in proper order the inflation and send and split the rock, the rock that the upper strata sent to split can provide new face and inflation space for sending of lower floor's rock, thereby show the inflation that improves near the inflation of inflation agent hole bottom rock layer and send and split the effect.
Secondary crushing: performing secondary crushing and small breaking on the rock stratum which is expanded and fractured by using a hydraulic breaking hammer;
slag removal and transfer: and (4) cleaning and transferring the secondarily crushed rock by adopting an excavator bucket to expose a new excavation working surface.
After the device is used, the solidified expanding agent outside the connecting rod is peeled off, so that the device can be conveniently reused.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are given by way of illustration of the principles of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. A static rock breaking construction method of a large-inclination-angle wet drilling expanding agent is characterized by comprising the following steps:
measuring, positioning and hole distribution: dividing a crushing line on the surface of the rock, and dividing drilling holes at equal intervals along the crushing line;
and (3) drilling by a wet method: drilling a hole at the rotary hole position by a rock drill by adopting a wet method;
blowing holes by a high-pressure air pipe: blowing off accumulated water in the drill holes one by adopting a high-pressure air pipe;
preparing and filling an expanding agent: firstly, inserting an auxiliary rod into the drilled holes, and then pouring the prepared expanding agent into the holes in a segmented manner, wherein the auxiliary rod comprises a plurality of groups of connecting rods (1) which are in threaded connection with one another and a baffle disc (2) which is connected to the outer part of the connecting rods (1) in a threaded manner and is annular, a plurality of groups of through holes (5) are formed in the positions, close to the baffle disc (2), of the outer part of the connecting rods (1), the through holes (5) are communicated with a material conveying hole formed in the center of the connecting rods (1), and a baffle plate (3) attached to the inner wall of the material conveying hole is installed in the material conveying hole;
secondary crushing: performing secondary crushing and small breaking on the rock stratum which is expanded and fractured by using a hydraulic crushing hammer;
slag removal and transfer: and (4) cleaning and transferring the secondarily crushed rock by adopting an excavator bucket to expose a new excavation working surface.
2. The static rock breaking construction method of the high-inclination-angle wet drilling expanding agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the measurement positioning and hole distribution, the distance between drilling positions is 200-800mm, and the aperture is 40-100mm.
3. The static rock breaking construction method of the high-inclination-angle wet drilling expanding agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the wet drilling is carried out, the included angle between the drilling direction and the surface of the excavated rock mass is 150-165 degrees.
4. The static rock breaking construction method of the high-inclination-angle wet drilling expanding agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: the baffle (3) is connected with the winding roller on the outer side of the topmost connecting rod (1) through a traction rope (4) connected to the top of the baffle.
5. The static rock breaking construction method of the large-inclination-angle wet drilling expanding agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a baffle sheet is arranged between every two adjacent groups of through holes (5).
6. The static rock breaking construction method of the high-inclination-angle wet drilling expanding agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ratio of the expanding agent to water is 4:1, the expanding agent is poured into a mixing bucket during preparation, then the proper amount of water calculated according to the water-cement ratio is added into the mixing bucket, and a handheld electric stirrer is used for stirring at the rotating speed of 80-120r/min, so that the prepared expanding agent is obtained after stirring.
7. The static rock breaking construction method of the high-inclination-angle wet drilling expanding agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step of pouring comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: firstly, the hauling rope (4) is discharged, and when the baffle (3) moves to the position of the uppermost through hole (5), the baffle stops moving, and the prepared expanding agent is poured into the material conveying hole;
step two: after the space between the two groups of baffle discs (2) at the top is filled with the expanding agent, blowing air into the material conveying holes by using a fan;
step three: after the second step is finished, the traction rope (4) is discharged, and when the baffle (3) moves to the position of the next layer of through hole (5), the prepared expanding agent is poured into the material conveying hole;
step four: the second step to the third step are sequentially repeated, and the baffle (3) stops when moving to the lowest end of the auxiliary rod;
step five: the plug rod is inserted into a material conveying hole at the top of the connecting rod (1).
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| CN113587760B (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2023-08-25 | 中南大学 | Combined rock breaking method for thermal expansion rock breaking pipe and hard rock stratum foundation pit |
| CN113980655A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-01-28 | 安徽理工大学 | Preparation method of low water-agent-ratio static breaking agent slurry |
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| CN100564802C (en) * | 2006-11-27 | 2009-12-02 | 杨仁树 | The method of crushing rock formation in the colliery |
| CN102865787A (en) * | 2012-08-17 | 2013-01-09 | 重庆市爆破工程建设有限责任公司 | Static blasting method |
| CN103884247B (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2017-02-15 | 五冶集团上海有限公司 | Rock static blasting method |
| CN110469333A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-11-19 | 重庆城建控股(集团)有限责任公司 | The driving method of small bore rocky tunnel |
| CN211041969U (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-07-17 | 中交一公局第二工程有限公司 | Static blasting crushing agent filling equipment |
| CN111706336A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-09-25 | 广东长正建设有限公司 | Tunnel static blasting comprehensive construction method |
| CN111927470B (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2021-09-07 | 中南大学 | Microwave-assisted pressure relief and support method for deep hard rock engineering |
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