CN113154433A - Power station boiler negative pressure cooperative control method and system - Google Patents
Power station boiler negative pressure cooperative control method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113154433A CN113154433A CN202110593729.4A CN202110593729A CN113154433A CN 113154433 A CN113154433 A CN 113154433A CN 202110593729 A CN202110593729 A CN 202110593729A CN 113154433 A CN113154433 A CN 113154433A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K1/00—Preparation of lump or pulverulent fuel in readiness for delivery to combustion apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K3/00—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus
- F23K3/02—Pneumatic feeding arrangements, i.e. by air blast
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
- F23N3/002—Regulating air supply or draught using electronic means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]
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Abstract
A power station boiler negative pressure cooperative control method and a system thereof comprise the following steps: establishing a boiler flue gas and air system operation condition identification module; establishing a negative pressure influence factor module, and respectively establishing negative pressure influence factors at five stages of the operation condition of the smoke and air system; establishing a control coefficient processing module in a boiler flue gas and air control system; after the control coefficient selection module receives the signal of the control coefficient processing module; and the establishment receiving instruction equipment module receives the information of the control coefficient selection module. The invention adopts the control of classifying and identifying the influence factors in stages, selects the corresponding control coefficient for the factors inducing the boiler negative pressure disturbance in a targeted manner, effectively solves the control idea that one coefficient of the existing control strategy is the end, and effectively solves the defects of negative pressure overshoot, undershoot, poor regulation quality, negative pressure out-of-range trigger protection action and the like caused by different negative pressure fluctuation quantity and delay time caused by different loads and different negative pressure disturbance factors through multi-number linkage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of power station boiler negative pressure cooperative control, and particularly relates to a power station boiler negative pressure cooperative control method and system.
Background
Under the severe environment-friendly environment, the clean and environment-friendly advantages of clean energy source power generation are remarkable, but the clean energy source power generation is greatly influenced by wind and light resources and cannot meet the requirement of power grid peak regulation, so that a large-capacity thermal generator set not only needs to meet the requirement of basic load, but also needs to meet the higher requirement of deep peak regulation of the power grid. Frequent adjustments have to be made with high reliability and rapid adjustment capability for the power plant auxiliary equipment. Meanwhile, a power station boiler is one of the most important devices of three main machines of a thermal power plant, and the safety and reliability coefficient directly influences the long-term profitability of the whole power plant, so that the protection design of the boiler by a manufacturing plant is more and more rigorous, the protection requirement level is highest in the operation process, and the negative pressure protection requirement of part of the current devices is plus or minus 1500 Pa. The strict protection requirements of the method put forward higher requirements on the response speed of the air-smoke system equipment and the control precision of the negative pressure, and particularly the method is used for quickly adjusting under the condition of quickly responding to peak shaving of a power grid or accident tripping of a boiler auxiliary machine.
The hearth negative pressure control system in the prior art is characterized in that a measured value of hearth negative pressure is obtained, an actuating mechanism of an induced draft fan is adjusted according to the measured value of the hearth negative pressure, the purpose of controlling the hearth negative pressure is achieved, and a control method still adopts a feedback and tracking adjustment mode. The system can lead the induced draft fan to be adjusted in advance only by increasing some feedforward quantities, but the advanced quantity cannot be changed due to the change of influence factors to cause poor control stability, the induced draft fan starts to be adjusted only after the influence factors are reflected in the negative pressure measurement value of the boiler, and the optimal adjusting time is delayed by the control means; meanwhile, when the auxiliary equipment trips under different loads of the unit, the negative pressure of the hearth is difficult to rapidly stabilize by adjusting the induced draft fan alone, and the unit trips due to the fact that the negative pressure exceeds the limit and triggers protection.
In the negative pressure change process, due to the existence of negative pressure feedback delay, different loads and different negative pressure disturbance factors cause different negative pressure fluctuation amounts and delay times, a negative pressure control mode adopting a single control mode has overshoot or undershoot, so that the negative pressure regulation quality under normal working conditions is poor, and the negative pressure is often out of range to trigger protection actions under severe working conditions; meanwhile, the existing control mode cannot recognize the influence of the factors such as the start and stop of the pulverizing system equipment, the non-linear change of the coal quantity, the tripping of an auxiliary machine, the non-linearity of a baffle plate and the like on the negative pressure, the regulating system starts to generate an instruction only when the influencing factors are reflected to the negative pressure value, and the optimal regulating time is usually missed due to the existence of the negative pressure delay.
Secondly, the control of the boiler negative pressure is passive at present, the boiler negative pressure cannot be automatically identified and tracked after the fan is started, operators need to throw corresponding automatic buttons and set corresponding negative pressure target values, the probability of misoperation of the operators is improved due to the fact that a plurality of manual intervention points are needed, and the threat of manual unsafe factors to the unit is increased.
The tracking target of the existing control means is single, and when the quality of a boiler negative pressure measuring point is bad, an induced draft fan is automatically cut off, so that the automatic control of unit coordination and the automatic load increasing and decreasing capacity of the unit are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a power station boiler negative pressure cooperative control method and a power station boiler negative pressure cooperative control system to solve the problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a power station boiler negative pressure cooperative control method comprises the following steps:
establishing a boiler smoke and air system operation condition identification module, wherein the boiler smoke and air system operation condition identification module divides the operation condition of a boiler smoke and air system into five stages for judgment, is used for automatically identifying the operation condition of the boiler in the starting or operation process of the boiler smoke and air system, identifying influence factors in the operation condition, identifying disturbance factors in advance and optimizing an adjustment coefficient;
establishing a negative pressure influence factor module, and respectively establishing negative pressure influence factors at five stages of the operation condition of the smoke and air system;
a control coefficient processing module is established in the boiler flue gas and air control system, a negative pressure influence factor module identifies the operation condition of the boiler, analyzes and judges the negative pressure influence factor of the working condition, and sends the influence factor analysis result to the boiler negative pressure control coefficient processing module for pertinently adjusting the influence factor;
after the control coefficient selection module is established to receive the signals of the control coefficient processing module, the input information is classified and identified in a targeted manner, the control coefficient is selected, and the control coefficient is sent to the instruction receiving module;
and establishing an instruction receiving device module, and when the control coefficient selection module selects the control coefficient and then sends the control coefficient to the instruction receiving device module, the instruction receiving device module distributes instructions to the induced air, the air supply, the primary air and the secondary air baffle devices for cooperative adjustment.
Further, the five stages comprise a boiler non-ignition stage of starting the boiler by the smoke and air system, a boiler ignition non-coal charging stage, a boiler ignition coal charging temperature rise and pressure rise stage, a boiler initial load stage and a boiler normal load stage.
Further, the non-ignition stage of the boiler means starting the fan until the first oil gun is put into the boiler or the first plasma igniter is put into the boiler; the stage of ignition and non-coal feeding of the boiler refers to the stage of feeding a second oil burner or a second plasma burner, and the coal feeder is not started; the ignition coal feeding stage of the boiler means that fuel oil or plasma is fed normally, a coal feeder is started, and pulverized coal continuously enters the boiler; a boiler temperature rising and pressure rising stage, namely rising the pressure of a boiler to 1.2 MPa-1.5 MPa, rising the temperature to 187 ℃ to 198 ℃, and flushing the boiler in a thermal state until the constant speed of a steam turbine reaches 3000 r/min; the boiler is in an initial load stage, namely the unit load is more than 5MW to the lowest stable combustion load of the boiler or the boiler fuel ignition system and the boiler plasma ignition system are completely quitted from running; the normal load stage of the boiler means that the electric power of the generator set or the coal burning quantity of the boiler consumed by converting the electric load is larger than the minimum stability of the boiler.
Further, the establishment of negative pressure influencing factors:
establishing an influence factor Kst1y of an induced draft fan on boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst1s of a blower on boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst1yc of a primary fan on boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst1yr of induced draft fan inlet door response speed on negative pressure, an influence factor Kst1sc of blower outlet door response speed on boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst1ycc of primary fan outlet door response speed on boiler negative pressure and an influence factor Kst1mtf of coal mill ventilation volume on negative pressure at the non-ignition stage of a boiler of a smoke and air system;
establishing an influence factor Kst2y of an induced draft fan on the negative pressure of the boiler, an influence factor Kst2s of a blower on the negative pressure of the boiler, an influence factor Kst2yc of a primary fan on the negative pressure of the boiler, an influence factor Kst2yr of the response speed of an inlet door of the induced draft fan on the negative pressure, an influence factor Kst2sc of the response speed of an outlet door of the blower on the negative pressure of the boiler, an influence factor Kst2ycc of the response speed of an outlet door of the primary fan on the negative pressure of the boiler and an influence factor Kst2mtf of the ventilation quantity of a coal mill on the negative pressure at the ignition non-coal-feeding stage of the boiler;
establishing an influence factor Kst3y of the induced draft fan on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst3s of the forced draft fan on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst3yc of the primary air fan on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst3yr of the induced draft fan inlet door response speed on the negative pressure, an influence factor Kst3sc of the forced draft fan outlet door response speed on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst3ycc of the primary air fan outlet door response speed on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst3mtf of the coal mill ventilation quantity on the negative pressure, and an influence factor Kst3ml of the charge coal quantity change on the negative pressure in a boiler ignition, temperature rise and pressure rise stage;
establishing an influence factor Kst4y of an induced draft fan on the negative pressure of the boiler, an influence factor Kst4s of a blower on the negative pressure of the boiler, an influence factor Kst4yc of a primary fan on the negative pressure of the boiler, an influence factor Kst4yr of the response speed of an inlet door of the induced draft fan on the negative pressure, an influence factor Kst4sc of the response speed of an outlet door of the blower on the negative pressure of the boiler, an influence factor Kst4ycc of the response speed of an outlet door of the primary fan on the negative pressure of the boiler, an influence factor Kst4mtf of the ventilation quantity of a coal mill on the negative pressure, and an influence factor Kst4ml of the change of the quantity of coal entering into the boiler on the negative pressure at the initial load stage of the boiler;
establishing an influence factor Kst5y of the induced draft fan on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst5s of the forced draft fan on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst5yc of the primary air fan on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst5yr of the induced draft fan inlet door response speed on the negative pressure, an influence factor Kst5sc of the forced draft fan outlet door response speed on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst5ycc of the primary air fan outlet door response speed on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst5mtf of the coal mill ventilation quantity on the negative pressure, and an influence factor Kst5ml of the coal charge quantity change on the negative pressure at the normal loaded stage of the boiler.
Further, the control coefficient processing module comprises: energy balance output, feedback change output, fuel change output and system resistance output.
Further, energy balance output is realized, the proportional coefficient of the energy generated by the fan and the energy generated by the combustion of the coal fired in the boiler is calculated through the contribution of the fan and the fuel, when the negative pressure of the boiler is in a balance state, the total output energy of the induced draft fan is equal to the energy generated by the forced draft fan, the energy generated by the primary fan and the energy generated by the combustion of the coal fired in the boiler, the energy ratio is increased along with the increase of the output of the smoke and air system, and the energy balance coefficient is controlled to be 1.3-1.7;
the feedback output is in the normal control range of the boiler negative pressure, and is between-50 Pa and-150 Pa, when the boiler negative pressure measurement output fails or the feedback is bad, the actuating mechanism of the fan is automatically locked and controlled according to the historical operating data and the energy balance coefficient;
the fuel change output is the influence on the negative pressure when the fuel entering the boiler changes in a short time, the intensity of the negative pressure change is in a direct proportion relation with the intensity of the fuel quantity change, and the correction coefficient is as follows: f (negative pressure change amount) ═ before fuel change-after fuel change/before fuel change;
the system is used for measuring resistance output, in the running process of the smoke and wind system, the system resistance is increased along with the increase of the load of the smoke and wind system, the running resistance is increased along with the increase of the load of the smoke and wind system, and the correction coefficient is as follows: f (magnitude of negative pressure influence) is F (output of the flue gas and air system).
Further, the control coefficient selection module comprises: energy balance coefficient, feedback identification coefficient, fuel energy coefficient and system resistance correction coefficient.
Further, energy balance is realized, when the auxiliary engine or the coal mill of the boiler smoke and air system trips, negative pressure feedback does not react in time in a short time when a fault occurs, and input and output energy balance is locked in advance through fan energy;
energy balance output excitation conditions: the method is characterized in that the method is activated when the tripping output of an auxiliary machine exists in the boiler or the negative pressure influence factor is estimated to be in a negative pressure disturbance value range larger than +/-500 Pa, and the effect of an energy balance coefficient is finished when the negative pressure feedback disturbance of the boiler is smaller than +/-300 Pa;
feeding back an identification coefficient, and combining a negative pressure control system with a feedback value of the boiler negative pressure under the condition that the smoke and air system normally operates;
when the negative pressure measuring device is bad in quality and fails to output normally, the feedback identification coefficient is activated, or the feedback identification coefficient is always activated when the negative pressure fluctuation is less than +/-300 Pa;
the fuel energy coefficient is activated when a coal feeder is broken or a coal pulverizer trips in the normal operation process of the boiler;
and when the output of the smoke and wind system is changed, the resistance of the system is increased along with the increase of the output of the fan, and the system resistance correction coefficient is in direct proportion to the output of the fan.
Further, a power plant boiler negative pressure cooperative control system includes:
the boiler smoke and air system operation condition identification module is used for dividing the operation condition of the boiler smoke and air system into five stages for judgment, is used for automatically identifying the operation condition of the boiler in the starting or operation process of the boiler smoke and air system, identifying the influence factors in the operation condition, identifying disturbance factors in advance and optimizing the adjustment coefficient;
the negative pressure influence factor module is used for respectively establishing negative pressure influence factors at five stages of the operation condition of the smoke and air system;
the control coefficient processing module is used for the negative pressure influence factor module to identify the operation condition of the boiler, analyze and judge the negative pressure influence factor of the working condition, and send the analysis result of the influence factor to the boiler negative pressure control coefficient processing module for pertinently adjusting the influence factor;
the control coefficient selection module is used for receiving the signal of the control coefficient processing module, performing targeted classification and identification on the input information, selecting a control coefficient and sending the control coefficient to the instruction receiving equipment module;
and the instruction receiving equipment module is used for sending the control coefficient to the instruction receiving equipment module after the control coefficient selection module selects the control coefficient, and the instruction receiving equipment module distributes instructions to the induced air baffle equipment, the air supply baffle equipment, the primary air baffle equipment and the secondary air baffle equipment for cooperative regulation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the invention relates to a power station boiler negative pressure cooperative control method, which adopts staged, classified and identified influence factor control, selects a corresponding control coefficient for factors inducing boiler negative pressure disturbance in a targeted manner, effectively solves the control idea that the single coefficient of the existing control strategy is the end, and effectively solves the defects that negative pressure fluctuation quantity and delay time are different due to different loads and different negative pressure disturbance factors, so that negative pressure overshoot and undershoot bring poor regulation quality, negative pressure boundary-crossing trigger protection action is often caused by severe working conditions and the like through multi-number linkage;
the control technology adds fuel fluctuation identification and system resistance correction, the change speed of the fuel in a short time forms different control instructions to inform an induced draft fan to adjust the negative pressure in advance, and the change is carried out after unequal negative pressure feedback is changed, so that the impact of factors such as start and stop of a pulverizing system device, nonlinear change of coal quantity, tripping of an auxiliary machine and the like on the negative pressure is effectively overcome, the adjustment of the negative pressure caused by fuel change and tripping of the auxiliary machine is greatly improved, and the phenomenon that the boiler protection operation is caused by the fact that the negative pressure feedback is delayed and misses the optimal adjustment time to cause tripping of a unit is avoided;
secondly, the control method automatically identifies and tracks the boiler negative pressure after the fan is started, and does not need operators to throw corresponding automatic buttons and set corresponding negative pressure target values, thereby avoiding misoperation of the operators and reducing the threat of artificial unsafe factors to boiler operation. Meanwhile, the control method is adopted for multi-target control, and the risks brought to safe operation of the boiler by single tracking target and automatic removal of a draught fan for bad quality of a boiler negative pressure measuring point in the existing control means are overcome.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a control flow chart for the misfire phase;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of control in the stage of ignition and no coal feeding
FIG. 3 is a control flow chart of the temperature raising and pressure raising stage
FIG. 4 is a control flow chart of the initial load stage
Fig. 5 is a control flowchart of the normal loaded phase.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the invention discloses a power station boiler negative pressure cooperative control method and a power station boiler negative pressure cooperative control system, wherein a boiler negative pressure control model is established in a boiler smoke and air control system and comprises a boiler operation condition identification model, a negative pressure influence factor model, a negative pressure control coefficient model and a negative pressure instruction distribution model.
The control system specifically selects the control coefficient corresponding to the model by identifying different influence factors of the boiler negative pressure under different operation conditions of the boiler in the starting and normal operation processes of the boiler flue gas and air system, forms corresponding control quantity or responds to the boiler negative pressure regulation in advance, and overcomes the negative pressure overshoot or undershoot caused by the asynchronization of instructions and feedback in the conventional negative pressure control technology; the control method of only induced air induced negative pressure nonlinear change is adopted when the auxiliary machine is tripped in case of fault under different boiler loads, the quality of adjustment is poor, when the auxiliary machine fault or the unit emergency causes the working condition of larger negative pressure disturbance, the output of the induced air is directly utilized to carry out cooperative control together, the fast and stable negative pressure is achieved, and the problem that the existing negative pressure control strategy causes the negative pressure to cross the line and trigger the hearth overpressure protection action when the auxiliary machine fault generates severe working condition instability is overcome;
secondly, the control strategy of the boiler negative pressure is passive at present, the boiler negative pressure cannot be automatically identified and tracked in time after the fan is started, operators need to throw corresponding automatic buttons and set corresponding negative pressure target values, the probability of misoperation of the operators is improved due to the fact that a plurality of manual intervention points are needed, and the threat of manual unsafe factors to the safe operation of the boiler is increased. Meanwhile, the existing control strategy is single in negative pressure tracking signal, when the target is in bad quality, the potential safety hazard is automatically greater when the target is cut off, the boiler negative pressure cooperative control method can realize that the boiler negative pressure value is automatically locked after the fan is started, and when the tracking target has bad quality problems or the target is distorted, the boiler negative pressure cooperative control method can automatically comprehensively analyze and judge whether the adjustment is needed or not through the output of an auxiliary machine, the combustion working condition and the baffle opening, so that the potential safety hazard brought to the boiler by artificial misoperation and the bad quality of the target is overcome.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: the method comprises the steps of establishing a boiler smoke and air system operation condition identification module, wherein the boiler smoke and air system operation condition identification module divides the operation condition of a boiler smoke and air system into five stages for judgment so as to realize that the boiler smoke and air system automatically identifies the operation condition of the boiler in the starting or operation process, quickly identify the influence factors in the operation condition, and achieve the purposes of identifying disturbance factors in advance and quickly optimizing the adjustment coefficient.
The five stages comprise a boiler non-ignition stage of starting the boiler by a smoke and air system, a boiler ignition non-coal-feeding stage, a boiler ignition coal-feeding temperature-rise and pressure-rise stage, a boiler initial load stage and a boiler normal load stage.
The boiler non-ignition stage refers to starting the fan until the first oil gun is put in or the first plasma igniter is put in;
the stage of ignition and non-coal feeding of the boiler refers to the stage of feeding a second oil burner or a second plasma burner, wherein a coal feeder is not started;
the ignition coal feeding stage of the boiler refers to that fuel oil or plasma is fed normally, a coal feeder is started, and pulverized coal continuously enters the boiler;
the stage of raising the temperature and boosting the pressure of the boiler refers to that the pressure of the boiler is raised to 1.2MPa to 1.5MPa, the temperature is raised to 187 ℃ to 198 ℃, and the hot state is flushed until the constant speed of the steam turbine reaches 3000 r/min;
the boiler is in an initial load stage, namely the unit load is more than 5MW to the lowest stable combustion load of the boiler or the boiler fuel ignition system and the boiler plasma ignition system are completely quitted from running;
the normal loaded stage of the boiler means that the electric power of the generator set or the coal burning quantity of the boiler consumed by converting the electric load is larger than the minimum stability of the boiler.
The second step is that: and establishing a negative pressure influence factor module, and respectively establishing an influence factor Kst1y of the induced draft fan on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst1s of the forced draft fan on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst1yc of the primary fan on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst1yr of the induced draft fan inlet door response speed on the negative pressure, an influence factor Kst1sc of the forced draft fan outlet door response speed on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst1ycc of the primary fan outlet door response speed on the boiler negative pressure, and an influence factor Kst1mtf of the coal mill ventilation volume on the negative pressure at the non-ignition stage of the boiler of the smoke and air system.
Establishing an influence factor Kst2y of the induced draft fan on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst2s of the forced draft fan on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst2yc of the primary air fan on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst2yr of the induced draft fan inlet door response speed on the negative pressure, an influence factor Kst2sc of the forced draft fan outlet door response speed on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst2ycc of the primary air fan outlet door response speed on the boiler negative pressure and an influence factor Kst2mtf of the coal mill ventilation volume on the negative pressure in a boiler ignition and non-coal-feeding stage.
Establishing an influence factor Kst3y of the induced draft fan on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst3s of the forced draft fan on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst3yc of the primary air fan on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst3yr of the induced draft fan inlet door response speed on the negative pressure, an influence factor Kst3sc of the forced draft fan outlet door response speed on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst3ycc of the primary air fan outlet door response speed on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst3mtf of the coal mill ventilation quantity on the negative pressure, and an influence factor Kst3ml of the coal charge quantity change on the negative pressure in a boiler ignition, temperature rise and pressure rise stage.
Establishing an influence factor Kst4y of the induced draft fan on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst4s of the forced draft fan on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst4yc of the primary air fan on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst4yr of the induced draft fan inlet door response speed on the negative pressure, an influence factor Kst4sc of the forced draft fan outlet door response speed on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst4ycc of the primary air fan outlet door response speed on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst4mtf of the coal mill ventilation quantity on the negative pressure, and an influence factor Kst4ml of the coal charge quantity change on the negative pressure at the initial load stage of the boiler.
Establishing an influence factor Kst5y of the induced draft fan on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst5s of the forced draft fan on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst5yc of the primary air fan on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst5yr of the induced draft fan inlet door response speed on the negative pressure, an influence factor Kst5sc of the forced draft fan outlet door response speed on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst5ycc of the primary air fan outlet door response speed on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst5mtf of the coal mill ventilation quantity on the negative pressure, and an influence factor Kst5ml of the coal charge quantity change on the negative pressure at the normal loaded stage of the boiler.
The third step: the control coefficient processing module is established in the boiler smoke and air control system, the control system automatically identifies the operation condition of the boiler smoke and air system in the operation process of the whole boiler smoke and air system, the operation condition of the boiler smoke and air system is sent to the negative pressure influence factor module through the condition identification module, the negative pressure influence factor module identifies the operation condition of the boiler, analyzes and judges the negative pressure influence factor of the operation condition, and sends the analysis result of the influence factor to the boiler negative pressure control coefficient generation module, so that the influence factor is pertinently adjusted.
The control coefficient processing module includes: energy balance output, feedback change output, fuel change output and system resistance output.
The energy balance output is calculated by the contribution of the output of the fan and fuel, the proportional coefficient of the energy generated by the fan in the process of combustion of the coal fired in the boiler is calculated, when the negative pressure of the boiler is in a balance state, the total output energy of the induced fan is equal to the energy generated by the forced draught fan, the energy generated by the primary fan and the energy generated by the combustion of the coal fired in the boiler, the energy ratio is increased along with the increase of the output of the smoke and wind system due to the existence of the inherent resistance of the system, and the energy balance coefficient is controlled to be 1.3-1.7.
The feedback output is controlled within a normal control range of the boiler negative pressure, and is controlled within-50 Pa to-150 Pa under a normal condition, when the boiler negative pressure measurement output fails or the feedback quality is bad, the actuating mechanism of the fan is automatically locked and controlled according to the historical operating data and the energy balance coefficient, and the boiler operation safety is ensured.
The fuel change output is the influence on the negative pressure when the fuel entering the boiler changes in a short time, the intensity of the negative pressure change is in a direct proportion relation with the intensity of the fuel quantity change, and the correction coefficient is as follows: f (negative pressure change amount) — (before fuel change-after fuel change)/before fuel change.
The system is used for measuring resistance output, in the running process of a smoke and wind system, the system resistance is increased along with the increase of the load of the smoke and wind system, and the running resistance is increased along with the increase of the load of the smoke and wind system, so that the system is required to be corrected in a control system, and the correction coefficient is as follows: f (magnitude of negative pressure influence) is F (output of the flue gas and air system).
The fourth step: after a control coefficient selection module is established to receive the signals of the control coefficient processing module, the input information is classified and identified in a targeted manner, the control coefficient is selected, and the control coefficient is sent to an instruction receiving equipment module, wherein the control coefficient selection module comprises: energy balance coefficient, feedback identification coefficient, fuel energy coefficient, and system resistance correction coefficient
And when the auxiliary machine or the coal mill of the boiler smoke and air system trips, negative pressure feedback does not react in time in a short time when a fault occurs, and the energy balance of input and output is locked in advance through the energy of the fan.
The energy balance output further comprises an excitation condition, namely the energy balance coefficient action is finished when the boiler has auxiliary machine tripping output or negative pressure influence factors are estimated to be activated when the negative pressure disturbance value is larger than +/-500 Pa, and the boiler negative pressure feedback disturbance is smaller than +/-300 Pa;
the feedback identification coefficient is that the negative pressure control system combines the feedback value of the boiler negative pressure under the condition that the smoke and air system normally operates
The feedback identification coefficient is activated when the negative pressure measuring device has bad quality and fails to output normally, or is activated all the time when the negative pressure fluctuation is less than +/-300 Pa.
The fuel energy coefficient influences the negative pressure of a hearth when all or part of fuel is instantaneously lost in the normal operation process of the boiler, the influence is directly related to the quantity of the instantaneously lost fuel within a certain time, and the fuel energy coefficient is activated when a coal feeder is broken or a coal pulverizer is tripped.
The system resistance correction coefficient is in direct proportion to the output of the fan, and the system resistance correction coefficient is increased along with the increase of the output of the fan when the output of the smoke and wind system is changed due to the existence of the system resistance.
The fifth step: and establishing an instruction receiving device module, and when the control coefficient selection module selects the control coefficient and then sends the control coefficient to the instruction receiving device module, the instruction receiving device module distributes instructions to devices such as an induced air baffle, an air supply baffle, a primary air baffle, a secondary air baffle and the like for cooperative adjustment. The purpose of quickly stabilizing the negative pressure of the boiler is achieved.
Claims (9)
1. A power station boiler negative pressure cooperative control method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
establishing a boiler smoke and air system operation condition identification module, wherein the boiler smoke and air system operation condition identification module divides the operation condition of a boiler smoke and air system into five stages for judgment, is used for automatically identifying the operation condition of the boiler in the starting or operation process of the boiler smoke and air system, identifying influence factors in the operation condition, identifying disturbance factors in advance and optimizing an adjustment coefficient;
establishing a negative pressure influence factor module, and respectively establishing negative pressure influence factors at five stages of the operation condition of the smoke and air system;
a control coefficient processing module is established in the boiler flue gas and air control system, a negative pressure influence factor module identifies the operation condition of the boiler, analyzes and judges the negative pressure influence factor of the working condition, and sends the influence factor analysis result to the boiler negative pressure control coefficient processing module for pertinently adjusting the influence factor;
after the control coefficient selection module is established to receive the signals of the control coefficient processing module, the input information is classified and identified in a targeted manner, the control coefficient is selected, and the control coefficient is sent to the instruction receiving module;
and establishing an instruction receiving device module, and when the control coefficient selection module selects the control coefficient and then sends the control coefficient to the instruction receiving device module, the instruction receiving device module distributes instructions to the induced air, the air supply, the primary air and the secondary air baffle devices for cooperative adjustment.
2. The utility boiler negative pressure cooperative control method according to claim 1, wherein the five stages include a boiler non-ignition stage of starting a flue gas system, a boiler ignition non-coal charging stage, a boiler ignition coal charging temperature rise and pressure rise stage, a boiler initial load stage, and a boiler normal load stage.
3. The utility boiler negative pressure cooperative control method according to claim 1, wherein the non-ignition stage of the boiler means starting the fan until the first oil gun is put in, or the first plasma igniter is put in; the stage of ignition and non-coal feeding of the boiler refers to the stage of feeding a second oil burner or a second plasma burner, and the coal feeder is not started; the ignition coal feeding stage of the boiler means that fuel oil or plasma is fed normally, a coal feeder is started, and pulverized coal continuously enters the boiler; a boiler temperature rising and pressure rising stage, namely rising the pressure of a boiler to 1.2 MPa-1.5 MPa, rising the temperature to 187 ℃ to 198 ℃, and flushing the boiler in a thermal state until the constant speed of a steam turbine reaches 3000 r/min; the boiler is in an initial load stage, namely the unit load is more than 5MW to the lowest stable combustion load of the boiler or the boiler fuel ignition system and the boiler plasma ignition system are completely quitted from running; the normal load stage of the boiler means that the electric power of the generator set or the coal burning quantity of the boiler consumed by converting the electric load is larger than the minimum stability of the boiler.
4. The utility boiler negative pressure cooperative control method according to claim 2, characterized in that the establishment of negative pressure influencing factors:
establishing an influence factor Kst1y of an induced draft fan on boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst1s of a blower on boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst1yc of a primary fan on boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst1yr of induced draft fan inlet door response speed on negative pressure, an influence factor Kst1sc of blower outlet door response speed on boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst1ycc of primary fan outlet door response speed on boiler negative pressure and an influence factor Kst1mtf of coal mill ventilation volume on negative pressure at the non-ignition stage of a boiler of a smoke and air system;
establishing an influence factor Kst2y of an induced draft fan on the negative pressure of the boiler, an influence factor Kst2s of a blower on the negative pressure of the boiler, an influence factor Kst2yc of a primary fan on the negative pressure of the boiler, an influence factor Kst2yr of the response speed of an inlet door of the induced draft fan on the negative pressure, an influence factor Kst2sc of the response speed of an outlet door of the blower on the negative pressure of the boiler, an influence factor Kst2ycc of the response speed of an outlet door of the primary fan on the negative pressure of the boiler and an influence factor Kst2mtf of the ventilation quantity of a coal mill on the negative pressure at the ignition non-coal-feeding stage of the boiler;
establishing an influence factor Kst3y of the induced draft fan on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst3s of the forced draft fan on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst3yc of the primary air fan on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst3yr of the induced draft fan inlet door response speed on the negative pressure, an influence factor Kst3sc of the forced draft fan outlet door response speed on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst3ycc of the primary air fan outlet door response speed on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst3mtf of the coal mill ventilation quantity on the negative pressure, and an influence factor Kst3ml of the charge coal quantity change on the negative pressure in a boiler ignition, temperature rise and pressure rise stage;
establishing an influence factor Kst4y of an induced draft fan on the negative pressure of the boiler, an influence factor Kst4s of a blower on the negative pressure of the boiler, an influence factor Kst4yc of a primary fan on the negative pressure of the boiler, an influence factor Kst4yr of the response speed of an inlet door of the induced draft fan on the negative pressure, an influence factor Kst4sc of the response speed of an outlet door of the blower on the negative pressure of the boiler, an influence factor Kst4ycc of the response speed of an outlet door of the primary fan on the negative pressure of the boiler, an influence factor Kst4mtf of the ventilation quantity of a coal mill on the negative pressure, and an influence factor Kst4ml of the change of the quantity of coal entering into the boiler on the negative pressure at the initial load stage of the boiler;
establishing an influence factor Kst5y of the induced draft fan on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst5s of the forced draft fan on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst5yc of the primary air fan on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst5yr of the induced draft fan inlet door response speed on the negative pressure, an influence factor Kst5sc of the forced draft fan outlet door response speed on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst5ycc of the primary air fan outlet door response speed on the boiler negative pressure, an influence factor Kst5mtf of the coal mill ventilation quantity on the negative pressure, and an influence factor Kst5ml of the coal charge quantity change on the negative pressure at the normal loaded stage of the boiler.
5. The utility boiler negative pressure cooperative control method according to claim 1, wherein the control coefficient processing module comprises: energy balance output, feedback change output, fuel change output and system resistance output.
6. The utility model discloses a power boiler negative pressure cooperative control method of claim 5, characterized in that, the energy balance output, calculated by the contribution of the fan and fuel, the proportional coefficient of the energy generated by the fan and the energy generated by the burning of the coal as fired, when the boiler negative pressure is in the balance state, the total output energy of the induced draft fan is equal to the energy generated by the blower plus the energy generated by the primary fan plus the energy generated by the burning of the coal as fired, the energy ratio increases with the increase of the output of the smoke wind system, the energy balance coefficient is controlled to be 1.3-1.7;
the feedback output is in the normal control range of the boiler negative pressure, and is between-50 Pa and-150 Pa, when the boiler negative pressure measurement output fails or the feedback is bad, the actuating mechanism of the fan is automatically locked and controlled according to the historical operating data and the energy balance coefficient;
the fuel change output is the influence on the negative pressure when the fuel entering the boiler changes in a short time, the intensity of the negative pressure change is in a direct proportion relation with the intensity of the fuel quantity change, and the correction coefficient is as follows: f (negative pressure change amount) ═ before fuel change-after fuel change/before fuel change;
the system is used for measuring resistance output, in the running process of the smoke and wind system, the system resistance is increased along with the increase of the load of the smoke and wind system, the running resistance is increased along with the increase of the load of the smoke and wind system, and the correction coefficient is as follows: f (magnitude of negative pressure influence) is F (output of the flue gas and air system).
7. The utility boiler negative pressure cooperative control method according to claim 1, wherein the control coefficient selection module comprises: energy balance coefficient, feedback identification coefficient, fuel energy coefficient and system resistance correction coefficient.
8. The utility boiler negative pressure cooperative control method according to claim 7, characterized in that energy balance is achieved by locking input and output energy balance through fan energy advance when negative pressure feedback is not reacted in time in a short time when a boiler smoke and air system auxiliary machine or a coal pulverizer trips;
energy balance output excitation conditions: the method is characterized in that the method is activated when the tripping output of an auxiliary machine exists in the boiler or the negative pressure influence factor is estimated to be in a negative pressure disturbance value range larger than +/-500 Pa, and the effect of an energy balance coefficient is finished when the negative pressure feedback disturbance of the boiler is smaller than +/-300 Pa;
feeding back an identification coefficient, and combining a negative pressure control system with a feedback value of the boiler negative pressure under the condition that the smoke and air system normally operates;
when the negative pressure measuring device is bad in quality and fails to output normally, the feedback identification coefficient is activated, or the feedback identification coefficient is always activated when the negative pressure fluctuation is less than +/-300 Pa;
the fuel energy coefficient is activated when a coal feeder is broken or a coal pulverizer trips in the normal operation process of the boiler;
and when the output of the smoke and wind system is changed, the resistance of the system is increased along with the increase of the output of the fan, and the system resistance correction coefficient is in direct proportion to the output of the fan.
9. A power station boiler negative pressure cooperative control system is characterized by comprising
The boiler smoke and air system operation condition identification establishing module is used for dividing the operation condition of the boiler smoke and air system into five stages for judgment, is used for automatically identifying the operation condition of the boiler in the starting or operation process of the boiler smoke and air system, identifying the influence factors in the operation condition, identifying disturbance factors in advance and optimizing the adjustment coefficient;
the negative pressure influence factor establishing module is used for respectively establishing negative pressure influence factors in five stages of working conditions;
the control coefficient processing and establishing module is used for the negative pressure influence factor module to identify the operation condition of the boiler, analyze and judge the negative pressure influence factor of the working condition, and send the analysis result of the influence factor to the boiler negative pressure control coefficient processing module for pertinently adjusting the influence factor;
the control coefficient selection establishing module is used for receiving the signal of the control coefficient processing module, performing targeted classification and identification on the input information, selecting a control coefficient and sending the control coefficient to the instruction receiving equipment module;
and the instruction receiving equipment module is used for sending the control coefficient to the instruction receiving equipment module after the control coefficient selection module selects the control coefficient, and the instruction receiving equipment module distributes instructions to the induced air baffle equipment, the air supply baffle equipment, the primary air baffle equipment and the secondary air baffle equipment for cooperative regulation.
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