CN113154382B - Low-NOx combustor and using method - Google Patents
Low-NOx combustor and using method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113154382B CN113154382B CN202110399966.7A CN202110399966A CN113154382B CN 113154382 B CN113154382 B CN 113154382B CN 202110399966 A CN202110399966 A CN 202110399966A CN 113154382 B CN113154382 B CN 113154382B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/62—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes
- F23D14/64—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes with injectors
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Abstract
The invention relates to a low NOx burner which is characterized by comprising a gas connecting pipe, a primary air connecting pipe, a secondary air connecting pipe, a high-temperature flue gas pipe, a low-temperature flue gas pipe and a burner block, wherein the gas connecting pipe is connected with the primary air connecting pipe; the secondary air connecting pipe is connected with a burner nozzle of the burner block, the secondary air connecting pipe is sequentially nested with the gas connecting pipe and the primary air connecting pipe, a heat exchanger is arranged in the gas connecting pipe, one end of the heat exchanger is connected with the high-temperature flue gas pipe, and the other end of the heat exchanger is connected with the low-temperature flue gas pipe. The invention arranges the metal catalysis ball in the gas pipeline, and heats the metal catalysis ball by using the residual heat of the smoke in the heating furnace to lead NH in the gas 3 Pyrolysis to form N 2 And H 2 And then the deaminated high-temperature coal gas is combusted, so that NOx generated by fuel nitrogen is greatly reduced. The clean combustion of coal gas is realized. Meanwhile, the preheating temperature of coal gas and central air is increased, and the fuel consumption is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thermal energy conservation, in particular to a low NOx burner.
Background
NOx, one of the major pollutants to be controlled, is the main pollution source causing acid rain and photochemical smog, and causes great harm to human health, various crops and ecological environment. With the implementation of the new environmental protection method,the requirements for gas emission of iron and steel enterprises are more and more strict, and the NOx index of a heating furnace and a heat treatment furnace in the steel rolling procedure of the iron and steel enterprises is reduced to 300mg/Nm in 2015 to 2020 3 In 2020, according to the ultra-low emission standard of steel enterprises, the index NOx of a heating furnace and a heat treatment furnace in a steel rolling process is reduced to 200mg/Nm 3 And is stricter than the original regulation.
The NOx in the steel industry mainly comes from the fuel combustion process, which mainly comprises the combustion of coal, the combustion of coke, the combustion of fuel oil and the combustion of industrial secondary gas, and N in the fuel under the high-temperature condition + 、N 2 N in combustion air 2 NO and N are generated under the action of high temperature 2 O、NO 2 And a small amount of N 2 O 3 、N 2 O 4 、N 2 O 5 . The solid fuel has more N compounds, the generated flue gas is seriously influenced by fuel nitrogen, the generation amount of NOx is higher, the flue gas denitration treatment is generally needed at the later stage, the fuel nitrogen is reduced to a lower level through a fine desulfurization process in the industrial gas preparation process, and the low-level requirement of the NOx can be realized only by controlling the generation of thermal nitrogen in the combustion process.
In the industrial coke oven gas, components such as tar and the like in the raw coke oven gas need to be taken out by spraying ammonia water in the production process, a part of ammonia gas exists in the purified gas, the part of ammonia gas generates oxidation reaction in the gas combustion process to generate NOx, namely fuel nitrogen in the gas, and the fuel nitrogen has important influence on the generation of the NOx particularly in a low-temperature state.
Patent CN201811208892.9 discloses a full premix formula flameless combustion low NOx burner, is equipped with the combustion net inside lining that extends towards the combustion cylinder inboard in the burner, and the one side that the combustion net inside lining was towards the combustion cylinder outside is equipped with the combustion net. Set up the combustion net on the combustion net inside lining, when making the premixed gas of air and natural gas pass through the combustion net, can be even pass from the combustion net, make premixed gas evenly burn on the surface of combustion net, avoid the combustion cylinder to produce local high temperature, guarantee the normal operating of combustor. Flame is dispersed by a combustion net, the existing air gas is preheated to a certain temperature, the structure of the flame does not depend on mixing and only depends on flow velocity, and the mode cannot effectively reduce the concentrated combustion of the flame.
The device and the method for reducing the generation of nitrogen oxides in the coke oven extract the waste gas in a waste gas channel of the coke oven and force the waste gas to be sent into an air channel of the coke oven to be mixed with air; the oxygen content of the air is diluted with the exhaust gas. The invention can obviously reduce the concentration of nitrogen oxides in waste gas and the absolute discharge amount of the nitrogen oxides without changing the internal structure of the coke oven, and improve the ambient atmospheric environment of enterprises. Reducing the oxygen content of the air can reduce the formation of thermal NOx, but because of O 2 The reduction in (b) may result in insufficient combustion, reduced fuel efficiency and increased energy losses.
CN201811155404.2 patent radiant tube emission system and method for reducing nitrogen oxide emission, and NO is reduced in combustion process X Reduction of NO by catalytic reaction X Combined two-stage reduction of NO in flue gas X Content of NO X The content can be reduced to an extremely low level, and the equipment cost is greatly reduced. The NOx content is reduced in a catalytic mode, the NOx content is similar to that of post-treatment, meanwhile, the modification cost of the combustor is high, and the energy cost is greatly improved.
In combination with the above analysis and the search results of the related patents, the reduction of fuel nitrogen in the gas plays an important role in the low NOx combustion of the gas.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a low NOx burner, which can improve the preheating temperature of coal gas and central primary air and reduce the fuel consumption. The deamination of the gas in front of the burner is realized, and the generation amount of combustion products NOx is reduced.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a low NOx burner comprises a coal gas connecting pipe, a primary air connecting pipe, a secondary air connecting pipe, a high-temperature flue gas pipe, a low-temperature flue gas pipe and a burner block; the secondary air connecting pipe is connected with a burner nozzle of the burner block, the secondary air connecting pipe is sequentially nested with the gas connecting pipe and the primary air connecting pipe, a heat exchanger is arranged in the gas connecting pipe, one end of the heat exchanger is connected with the high-temperature flue gas pipe, and the other end of the heat exchanger is connected with the low-temperature flue gas pipe.
The heat exchanger comprises a plurality of heat exchange tubes, the heat exchange tubes are arranged in a ventilation cavity between a gas connecting tube and a primary air connecting tube and penetrate through the gas connecting tube to extend to the outer side of the gas connecting tube, one end of each heat exchange tube is communicated with an outlet of a high-temperature flue gas tube, the other end of each heat exchange tube is communicated with an inlet of a low-temperature flue gas tube, steel meshes are arranged on two sides of each heat exchange tube and are connected with the inner wall of the gas connecting tube, and metal catalytic balls are filled in the ventilation cavity between the gas connecting tube between the two steel meshes and the primary air connecting tube.
The outlet of the coal gas connecting pipe extends into the burner nozzle opening of the burner block by 10-30 mm.
And the high-temperature flue gas pipe 5 is introduced into the heating furnace through the burner block 4.
The low-temperature flue gas pipe is connected with the chimney.
And an injection fan is arranged on the high-temperature flue gas pipe.
The burner mouth of the burner block gradually expands from the gas inlet side to the inside of the heating furnace.
Is close toA thermocouple is arranged on a high-temperature flue gas pipe of the heat exchanger.
The metal catalytic ball comprises a nickel ball, a copper-manganese alloy ball and a zinc-titanium alloy ball.
A method for using a low NOx burner, coal gas enters the burner from a coal gas connecting pipe and is mixed with primary air entering from a primary air connecting pipe to carry out primary combustion, the primary air quantity accounts for 30% -50% of combustion-supporting air quantity, the primary combustion of the coal gas is strong reductive combustion, the air excess coefficient is 0.65-0.85, and the temperature of the primary combustion is 1300-1500 ℃; the ejector fan on the high-temperature flue gas pipe extracts the high-temperature flue gas with the temperature of 1200-1400 ℃ in the hearth, simultaneously the ejector fan is controlled to mix 15% -50% of cold air, the mixed air temperature is 900-1100 ℃, the mixed air is sent into the heat exchange pipe of the heat exchanger, the heat exchange pipe heats the metal catalytic ball in the ventilation cavity between the primary air pipe and the gas connecting pipe, the gas is heated by the metal catalytic ball, and NH in the gas is enabled to be generated 3 Pyrolysis to form N 2 And H 2 When the gas passes through the high-temperature metal catalytic ball, the preheating temperature reaches 500-800 ℃, and then the deaminated high-temperature gas is connected with a secondary air connecting pipeThe low-pressure air is fed into the furnace for secondary combustion, and the generated high-temperature flue gas is fed into the furnace by the burner block for material heating.
When the ammonia content in the coal gas is less than 300mg/Nm 3 Keeping the flow speed of coal gas in the pipeline at 5-15 m/s, and when the ammonia content in the coal gas is 300mg/Nm 3 ～500mg/Nm 3 Controlling the flow rate of the coal gas to be reduced by 4.5-13.5 m/s, and controlling the ammonia content in the coal gas to be 500mg/Nm 3 ～1000mg/Nm 3 Controlling the gas flow rate to be 3.5-12 m/s, and controlling the ammonia content in the gas to be more than 1000mg/Nm 3 The flow rate of the coal gas is controlled to be 2 m/s-11 > 3m/s.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention arranges the metal catalysis ball in the gas pipeline, and heats the metal catalysis ball by using the residual heat of the smoke in the heating furnace to lead NH in the gas 3 Pyrolysis to form N 2 And H 2 And then the deaminated high-temperature coal gas is combusted, so that NOx generated by fuel nitrogen is greatly reduced. Realizing clean combustion of coal gas. Meanwhile, the preheating temperature of coal gas and central air is increased, and the fuel consumption is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the heat exchanger.
In the figure: the device comprises a coal gas connecting pipe 1, a low-temperature flue gas pipe 2, a secondary air connecting pipe 3, a burner block 4, a high-temperature flue gas pipe 5, an injection fan 6, a thermocouple 7, a metal catalytic ball 8, a steel mesh 9, a primary air connecting pipe 10 and a heat exchange pipe 11.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1-2, a low NOx burner comprises a gas connecting pipe 1, a primary air connecting pipe 10, a secondary air connecting pipe 3, a high temperature flue gas pipe 5, a low temperature flue gas pipe 2 and a burner block 4; the secondary air connecting pipe 4 is connected with a burner nozzle opening of the burner block 4, and the burner nozzle opening of the burner block 4 is gradually enlarged from the coal gas inlet side to the inside of the heating furnace.
The secondary air connecting pipe 4 is sequentially nested with the gas connecting pipe 1 and the primary air connecting pipe 10, and the outlet of the gas connecting pipe 1 extends into the burner nozzle opening of the burner block 4 by 10-30 mm.
Be equipped with the heat exchanger in the gas connecting pipe 1, the heat exchanger includes a plurality of heat exchange tube 11, and heat exchange tube 11 sets up the intracavity of ventilating between gas connecting pipe 1 and a wind connecting pipe 10 to run through gas connecting pipe 1 and extend to the gas connecting pipe 1 outside, one end lets in the export of high temperature flue gas pipe 5, and the other end lets in the entry of low temperature flue gas pipe 2, and high temperature flue gas pipe 5 lets in the heating furnace through burner block 4, is equipped with on the high temperature flue gas pipe 5 and draws and penetrates fan 6.Close toA thermocouple 7 is arranged on a high-temperature flue gas pipe 5 of the heat exchanger. The low-temperature flue gas pipe is connected with the chimney.
Both sides of the heat exchange tube 11 are provided with steel meshes 9 connected with the inner walls of the gas connecting tubes 1, the steel meshes 9 are stainless steel meshes, and the ventilation cavity between the gas connecting tube 1 and the primary air connecting tube 10 between the two steel meshes 9 is filled with metal catalytic balls 8 which are nickel balls.
A method for using a low NOx burner, coal gas enters the burner from a coal gas connecting pipe and is mixed with primary air entering from a primary air connecting pipe to carry out primary combustion, the primary air quantity accounts for 30% -50% of combustion-supporting air quantity, the primary combustion of the coal gas is strong reductive combustion, the air excess coefficient is 0.65-0.85, and the temperature of the primary combustion is 1300-1500 ℃; the ejector fan on the high-temperature flue gas pipe extracts the high-temperature flue gas with the temperature of 1200-1400 ℃ in the hearth, simultaneously the ejector fan is controlled to mix 15% -50% of cold air, the mixed air temperature is 900-1100 ℃, the mixed air is sent into the heat exchange pipe of the heat exchanger, the heat exchange pipe heats the metal catalytic ball in the ventilation cavity between the primary air pipe and the gas connecting pipe, the gas is heated by the metal catalytic ball, and NH in the gas is enabled to be generated 3 Pyrolysis to form N 2 And H 2 When the coal gas passes through the high-temperature metal catalytic ball, the preheating temperature reaches 500-800 ℃, then the deaminated high-temperature coal gas and low-pressure air entering through a secondary air connecting pipe are subjected to secondary combustion, and the generated high-temperature flue gas is sent into the furnace through a burner brick to heat the material. When the ammonia content in the coal gas is less than 300mg/Nm 3 Keeping the flow velocity of the coal gas in the pipeline between 5m/s and 15m/s, and keeping the ammonia content in the coal gas to be 300mg/Nm 3 ～500mg/Nm 3 Controlling the flow rate of the coal gas to be reduced by 4.5-13.5 m/s,when the ammonia content in the coal gas is 500mg/Nm 3 ～1000mg/Nm 3 Controlling the gas flow rate to be 3.5-12 m/s, and controlling the ammonia content in the gas to be more than 1000mg/Nm 3 The gas flow rate is controlled to be 2 m/s-11 > 3m/s.
Examples
A low NOx burner comprises a coal gas connecting pipe 1, a primary air connecting pipe 10, a secondary air connecting pipe 3, a high-temperature flue gas pipe 5, a low-temperature flue gas pipe 2 and a burner block 4; the secondary air connecting pipe 4 is connected with a burner nozzle opening of the burner block 4, and the burner nozzle opening of the burner block 4 is gradually enlarged from the coal gas inlet side to the inside of the heating furnace.
The secondary air connecting pipe 4 is sequentially nested with the coal gas connecting pipe 1 and the primary air connecting pipe 10, and the outlet of the coal gas connecting pipe 1 extends into the nozzle opening of the nozzle brick 4 by 20mm.
Be equipped with the heat exchanger in the gas connecting pipe 1, the heat exchanger includes a plurality of heat exchange tube 11, heat exchange tube 11 sets up the intracavity of ventilating between gas connecting pipe 1 and a wind connecting pipe 10 to run through gas connecting pipe 1 and extend to the gas connecting pipe 1 outside, one end lets in the export of high temperature flue gas pipe 5, and the other end lets in 2 entrances of low temperature flue gas pipe, and high temperature flue gas pipe 5 lets in the heating furnace through burner block 4, is equipped with on the high temperature flue gas pipe 5 and draws and penetrate fan 6.Close toA thermocouple 7 is arranged on the high-temperature flue gas pipe 5 of the heat exchanger. The low-temperature flue gas pipe is connected with the chimney.
A method for using low NOx burner features that the gas is fed from gas connecting tube to burner and the primary air is mixed with the gas mixture fed from primary air connecting tube for primary combustion, and the ammonia content in gas is less than 300mg/Nm 3 Controlling the gas pressure to be 1000-3000 Pa, keeping the gas flow velocity in the pipeline to be 5-15 m/s, wherein the primary air volume accounts for 30-35% of the combustion-supporting air volume, the primary combustion of the gas is strong reductive combustion, the air excess coefficient is 0.68, and the primary combustion temperature is 1300-1350 ℃; an injection fan on the high-temperature flue gas pipe extracts the high-temperature flue gas with the temperature of 1200-1400 ℃ in the hearth and controls the temperatureThe injection fan is made to mix 15% cold air to realize the mixed air temperature of 900-1000 deg.c, the mixed air is fed into the heat exchange pipe of the heat exchanger, the heat exchange pipe heats the metal catalytic ball inside the ventilating cavity between the primary air pipe and the gas connecting pipe and the gas heats the metal catalytic ball to make NH in the gas 3 Pyrolysis to form N 2 And H 2 When the coal gas passes through the high-temperature metal catalytic ball, the preheating temperature reaches 500-600 ℃, then the deaminated high-temperature coal gas and low-pressure air entering through the secondary air connecting pipe are subjected to secondary combustion, and generated high-temperature flue gas is sent into the furnace through the burner brick to heat the material.
The invention utilizes the waste heat of the flue gas of the heating furnace to realize deaminizing of the gas in front of the nozzle of the burner, reduce the generation amount of NOx of combustion products, improve the preheating temperature of the gas and central air and reduce the fuel consumption.
The outlet of the gas connecting pipe extends into the nozzle opening of the nozzle brick, so that the gas nozzle is longer than the secondary air nozzle, the gas and air in the secondary combustion area are completely diffused and combusted, the flame temperature of the secondary mixed combustion area is effectively reduced, and the aim of reducing thermal NOx is fulfilled.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the principles of the invention, and these modifications and variations also fall within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and their concepts should be equivalent or changed within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A low NOx burner is characterized by comprising a coal gas connecting pipe, a primary air connecting pipe, a secondary air connecting pipe, a high-temperature flue gas pipe, a low-temperature flue gas pipe and a burner block; the secondary air connecting pipe is connected with a burner nozzle opening of the burner block, the secondary air connecting pipe is sequentially nested with the gas connecting pipe and the primary air connecting pipe, a heat exchanger is arranged in the gas connecting pipe, and the heat exchangerOne end of the high-temperature flue gas pipe is connected with the high-temperature flue gas pipe, and the other end of the high-temperature flue gas pipe is connected with the low-temperature flue gas pipe; the heat exchanger comprises a plurality of heat exchange tubes, the heat exchange tubes are arranged in a ventilation cavity between a gas connecting pipe and a primary air connecting pipe, penetrate through the gas connecting pipe and extend to the outer side of the gas connecting pipe, one end of each heat exchange tube is introduced into an outlet of a high-temperature flue gas pipe, the other end of each heat exchange tube is introduced into an inlet of a low-temperature flue gas pipe, steel meshes are arranged on two sides of each heat exchange tube and connected with the inner wall of the gas connecting pipe, and a ventilation cavity between the gas connecting pipe between the two steel meshes and the primary air connecting pipe is filled with metal catalytic balls; the use method of the low NOx burner comprises the following steps that coal gas enters the burner through a coal gas connecting pipe and is mixed with primary air entering a primary air connecting pipe to be subjected to primary combustion, the primary air quantity accounts for 30% -50% of combustion-supporting air quantity, the primary combustion of the coal gas is strong reducing combustion, the air excess coefficient is 0.65-0.85, and the temperature of the primary combustion is 1300-1500 ℃; the ejection fan on the high-temperature flue gas pipe extracts the high-temperature flue gas with the temperature of 1200-1400 ℃ in the hearth, simultaneously controls the ejection fan to mix 15% -50% of cold air, realizes the mixed air temperature of 900-1100 ℃, the mixed air is sent into the heat exchange pipe of the heat exchanger, the heat exchange pipe heats the metal catalytic ball in the ventilation cavity between the primary air pipe and the gas connecting pipe, and the gas passes through the heated metal catalytic ball to ensure that NH in the gas is 3 Pyrolysis to form N 2 And H 2 Preheating coal gas to 500-800 deg.c in the process of passing through the high temperature metal catalytic ball, secondary burning the deaminized high temperature coal gas and the low pressure air entering the secondary air connecting pipe to produce high temperature fume, and feeding the fume into the furnace via the burner brick to heat the material; when the ammonia content in the coal gas is less than 300mg/Nm 3 Keeping the flow speed of coal gas in the pipeline at 5-15 m/s, and when the ammonia content in the coal gas is 300mg/Nm 3 ～500mg/Nm 3 Controlling the flow rate of the coal gas to be reduced by 4.5-13.5 m/s, and controlling the ammonia content in the coal gas to be 500mg/Nm 3 ～1000mg/Nm 3 Controlling the gas flow rate to be 3.5-12 m/s.
2. The burner of claim 1, wherein the outlet of the gas connecting tube extends 10mm to 30mm into the burner port of the burner block.
3. The burner of claim 1, wherein the hot flue gas duct is introduced into the furnace through a burner block.
4. A low NOx burner according to claim 1, characterised in that the low temperature flue pipe is connected to a chimney.
5. A low NOx burner as claimed in claim 1, wherein the burner ports of the burner blocks are enlarged from the gas inlet side into the furnace.
6. The burner of claim 1, wherein a thermocouple is provided on the hot flue gas duct adjacent to the heat exchanger.
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| CN202110399966.7A CN113154382B (en) | 2021-04-14 | 2021-04-14 | Low-NOx combustor and using method |
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| CN202110399966.7A CN113154382B (en) | 2021-04-14 | 2021-04-14 | Low-NOx combustor and using method |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5912198A (en) * | 1994-06-30 | 1999-06-15 | Geneal Electric Company | Staged catalytic ammonia decomposition in integrated gasification combined cycle systems |
| CN101650133A (en) * | 2009-09-01 | 2010-02-17 | 北京沃克能源科技有限公司 | Recycling system of smoke gas energy for realizing high-temperature and low-oxygen combustion |
| CN203177179U (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2013-09-04 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Oxygen enrichment burning nozzle capable of quickly improving temperature of furnace end |
| CN106545846A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2017-03-29 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | A kind of low NO of heating furnacexFlue gas recirculation oxygen-enriched burning device and method |
-
2021
- 2021-04-14 CN CN202110399966.7A patent/CN113154382B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5912198A (en) * | 1994-06-30 | 1999-06-15 | Geneal Electric Company | Staged catalytic ammonia decomposition in integrated gasification combined cycle systems |
| CN101650133A (en) * | 2009-09-01 | 2010-02-17 | 北京沃克能源科技有限公司 | Recycling system of smoke gas energy for realizing high-temperature and low-oxygen combustion |
| CN203177179U (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2013-09-04 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Oxygen enrichment burning nozzle capable of quickly improving temperature of furnace end |
| CN106545846A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2017-03-29 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | A kind of low NO of heating furnacexFlue gas recirculation oxygen-enriched burning device and method |
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