CN113153515A - Improve burning and reduce heat load's precombustion chamber device and engine - Google Patents

Improve burning and reduce heat load's precombustion chamber device and engine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113153515A
CN113153515A CN202110460275.3A CN202110460275A CN113153515A CN 113153515 A CN113153515 A CN 113153515A CN 202110460275 A CN202110460275 A CN 202110460275A CN 113153515 A CN113153515 A CN 113153515A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
chamber
gas
precombustion chamber
ring groove
channel
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CN202110460275.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
郭丽军
王建安
黄玉婷
刘曦光
晏润开
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Dongguan Chenxing Intelligent Precision Equipment Co ltd
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Dongguan Chenxing Intelligent Precision Equipment Co ltd
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Priority to CN202110460275.3A priority Critical patent/CN113153515A/en
Publication of CN113153515A publication Critical patent/CN113153515A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
    • F02B19/10—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder
    • F02B19/1004—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder details of combustion chamber, e.g. mounting arrangements
    • F02B19/1009—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder details of combustion chamber, e.g. mounting arrangements heating, cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L3/08—Valves guides; Sealing of valve stem, e.g. sealing by lubricant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L3/20—Shapes or constructions of valve members, not provided for in preceding subgroups of this group
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P1/00—Air cooling
    • F01P1/06—Arrangements for cooling other engine or machine parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
    • F02B19/10—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder
    • F02B19/1019—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder with only one pre-combustion chamber
    • F02B19/1023—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder with only one pre-combustion chamber pre-combustion chamber and cylinder being fed with fuel-air mixture(s)
    • F02B19/1028—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder with only one pre-combustion chamber pre-combustion chamber and cylinder being fed with fuel-air mixture(s) pre-combustion chamber and cylinder having both intake ports or valves, e.g. HONDS CVCC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
    • F02B19/10—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder
    • F02B19/1019—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder with only one pre-combustion chamber
    • F02B19/1023—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder with only one pre-combustion chamber pre-combustion chamber and cylinder being fed with fuel-air mixture(s)
    • F02B19/1028—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder with only one pre-combustion chamber pre-combustion chamber and cylinder being fed with fuel-air mixture(s) pre-combustion chamber and cylinder having both intake ports or valves, e.g. HONDS CVCC
    • F02B19/1033—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder with only one pre-combustion chamber pre-combustion chamber and cylinder being fed with fuel-air mixture(s) pre-combustion chamber and cylinder having both intake ports or valves, e.g. HONDS CVCC specially adapted valves, e.g. rotary valves, pre-combustion chamber being part of a valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
    • F02B19/10—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder
    • F02B19/1019—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder with only one pre-combustion chamber
    • F02B19/1023—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder with only one pre-combustion chamber pre-combustion chamber and cylinder being fed with fuel-air mixture(s)
    • F02B19/1028—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder with only one pre-combustion chamber pre-combustion chamber and cylinder being fed with fuel-air mixture(s) pre-combustion chamber and cylinder having both intake ports or valves, e.g. HONDS CVCC
    • F02B19/1042—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder with only one pre-combustion chamber pre-combustion chamber and cylinder being fed with fuel-air mixture(s) pre-combustion chamber and cylinder having both intake ports or valves, e.g. HONDS CVCC auxiliary intake, valve drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
    • F02B19/10—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder
    • F02B19/1019—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder with only one pre-combustion chamber
    • F02B19/108—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder with only one pre-combustion chamber with fuel injection at least into pre-combustion chamber, i.e. injector mounted directly in the pre-combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
    • F02B19/16—Chamber shapes or constructions not specific to sub-groups F02B19/02 - F02B19/10
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
    • F02B19/16—Chamber shapes or constructions not specific to sub-groups F02B19/02 - F02B19/10
    • F02B19/18—Transfer passages between chamber and cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B25/00—Engines characterised by using fresh charge for scavenging cylinders
    • F02B25/02—Engines characterised by using fresh charge for scavenging cylinders using unidirectional scavenging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
    • F02F1/4235—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads of intake channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M31/02—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
    • F02M31/12—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating electrically
    • F02M31/13—Combustion air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/14—Arrangements of injectors with respect to engines; Mounting of injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/14—Arrangements of injectors with respect to engines; Mounting of injectors
    • F02M61/145—Arrangements of injectors with respect to engines; Mounting of injectors the injection nozzle opening into the air intake conduit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N19/00—Starting aids for combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02N19/02—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks
    • F02N19/04—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks by heating of fluids used in engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
    • F02B2019/002—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with electric heater fitted to at least part of prechamber-wall or transfer passage
    • F02B2019/004—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with electric heater fitted to at least part of prechamber-wall or transfer passage with heater control
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a precombustion chamber device for improving combustion and reducing heat load and an engine, which comprise a cylinder cover, an inlet valve guide pipe, an inlet pipe, a precombustion chamber body, a gas connecting pipe and a heater, wherein a precombustion chamber inner cavity is formed in the precombustion chamber body, the cylinder cover is provided with an inlet passage, a cylinder cover gas-guiding passage and a cylinder cover gas passage, the outer end of the inlet passage is communicated with the inlet pipe, the gas connecting pipe is connected between the inlet pipe and the inlet of the cylinder cover gas-guiding passage, the heater is connected to the middle part of the gas connecting pipe, the precombustion chamber body is provided with a precombustion chamber scavenging passage for communicating the outlet of the cylinder cover gas passage with the precombustion chamber inner cavity, the precombustion chamber body is also provided with a precombustion chamber cooling passage, the upper end of which is communicated with the middle part of the precombustion chamber scavenging passage and the lower end of the engine. The precombustion chamber device for improving combustion and reducing heat load can improve the combustion stability of a main combustion chamber of an engine and reduce the heat load of a precombustion chamber body.

Description

Improve burning and reduce heat load's precombustion chamber device and engine
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile engines, and particularly relates to a precombustion chamber device for improving combustion and reducing heat load and an engine.
Background
With the stricter regulations on fuel consumption, the ultrahigh thermal efficiency of the internal combustion engine becomes a pursued target. The combustion speed is accelerated, the isochoricity is improved, the heat dissipation loss is reduced, and meanwhile, the knocking is inhibited, so that the method is an effective means for improving the heat-work conversion efficiency of the gasoline engine. The jet ignition technology of the precombustion chamber can improve the combustion speed, inhibit the detonation and expand the lean-burn limit, and has certain potential in the aspect of improving the thermal efficiency of the gasoline engine. The jet ignition of the precombustion chamber firstly ignites the mixed gas in the cavity of the precombustion chamber, and the high-temperature and high-pressure mixed gas is sprayed to the main combustion chamber through the small holes to form high-speed jet flame, so that the ignition area is greatly increased, and the combustion speed is improved. And unburned intermediates in the precombustion chamber can also accelerate the combustion process.
During the exhaust stroke of the engine, the exhaust gas after combustion in the main combustion chamber is exhausted through the exhaust passage, but only part of the exhaust gas after combustion in the pre-combustion chamber is exhausted under the influence of the structure of the pre-combustion chamber. In the intake stroke of the engine, fresh air or mixed gas enters the main combustion chamber through the air inlet passage, and meanwhile, part of waste gas remained in the pre-combustion chamber enters the main combustion chamber. During the compression stroke of the engine, part of the fresh mixture in the main combustion chamber will be forced into the pre-combustion chamber. Near compression top dead center, the residual gas fraction in the prechamber is mainly influenced by the amount of gas remaining in the prechamber after the intake stroke and the amount of fresh air mixture entering the prechamber during the compression stroke.
On one hand, because the diameter of the jet hole of the precombustion chamber between the precombustion chamber and the main combustion chamber is small, residual waste gas after ignition of the precombustion chamber can not be completely discharged to the main combustion chamber in an exhaust stroke and an intake stroke of next combustion, and the coefficient of residual waste gas in the precombustion chamber is large. At partial engine load, the larger residual exhaust gas coefficient causes unstable ignition and combustion in the precombustion chamber, even misfires, so that the combustion stability of the main combustion chamber is poor. When the automobile engine is in an extremely low temperature environment, the temperature of the wall surface of the precombustion chamber body and the gas inside the precombustion chamber is low, and if the gas in the precombustion chamber is weak in a low-load working condition, the ignition process in the precombustion chamber is very unstable, so that the combustion stability of the engine is poor, and even the engine is difficult to start. In order to solve the problems of difficult engine starting and unstable combustion of a main combustion chamber under the working condition of low temperature and low load, a certain automobile engine with a precombustion chamber in the prior art is provided with a second spark plug on a cylinder cover besides a first spark plug of the precombustion chamber on a precombustion chamber body, and the second spark plug works under the working conditions of low temperature and low load. Although the problems of difficult engine starting and unstable combustion of the main combustion chamber under the working condition of low temperature and low load can be solved to a certain extent by the pre-combustion chamber engine with the plurality of spark plugs, the plurality of spark plugs are required, the cost of the whole pre-combustion chamber of the engine is increased, the complexity of arrangement and calibration is increased, the problem of high residual exhaust gas coefficient in the pre-combustion chamber cannot be solved effectively, and the problem of poor combustion stability under the low load of the engine can also be solved. In addition, the prechamber engine with a plurality of spark plugs uses the second spark plug on the cylinder cover to ignite under the working condition of low temperature and low load, the working mode of the prechamber engine is not different from that of the traditional engine in essential significance, the initial purpose of the prechamber jet ignition technology is deviated, and the advantage of improving the thermal efficiency of the engine by the prechamber cannot be fully played.
On the other hand, the bottom of the precombustion chamber body is provided with precombustion chamber jet holes, the inner wall surface of the bottom of the precombustion chamber body is directly contacted with combustion gas in the inner cavity of the precombustion chamber, the outer wall surface of the bottom of the precombustion chamber body is directly contacted with the combustion gas in the main combustion chamber, and the high-temperature combustion gas at two positions transmits heat to the bottom of the precombustion chamber body so that the temperature of the precombustion chamber body is greatly. The middle part and the upper part of the precombustion chamber body are contacted with the cylinder cover, and heat can be transferred to the cylinder cover in a heat conduction mode. When the precombustion chamber body is not provided with a special cooling structure near the precombustion chamber jet hole, the heat at the bottom of the precombustion chamber body can be transferred to the middle part and the upper part of the precombustion chamber body which are contacted with the cylinder cover only in a heat conduction mode. Due to the limitation of thermal conductivity, the bottom of the precombustion chamber body is subjected to high thermal load, and cracking and ablation are easily caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems that in the prior art, the residual waste gas coefficient in the precombustion chamber is large, the ignition of the precombustion chamber is unstable under a low-temperature environment, so that the combustion stability of the main combustion chamber is poor, and the thermal load of the precombustion chamber body near the jet hole of the precombustion chamber is too high, the precombustion chamber device and the engine capable of improving combustion and reducing the thermal load are provided.
In order to solve the technical problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a prechamber apparatus for improving combustion and reducing heat load, including a cylinder cover, an intake valve guide, an intake pipe, a prechamber body, a gas connecting pipe and a heater, wherein the cylinder cover is provided with a prechamber mounting hole for mounting the prechamber body, a prechamber inner cavity is formed inside the prechamber body, and a prechamber jet hole for communicating the prechamber inner cavity with a main combustion chamber of an engine is formed at the bottom of the prechamber body;
the cylinder cover is provided with an air inlet channel and an air inlet valve guide pipe mounting hole, the outer end of the air inlet channel is communicated with the air inlet pipe, the inner end of the air inlet channel is communicated with a main combustion chamber of an engine, the air inlet valve guide pipe is mounted in the air inlet valve guide pipe mounting hole, and the air inlet valve is inserted in the air inlet valve guide pipe in a sliding manner; a connecting channel is arranged between the inlet valve guide pipe and the rod body of the inlet valve, a cylinder cover air entraining channel and a cylinder cover gas channel are also arranged on the cylinder cover, and the gas connecting pipe is connected between the air inlet pipe and an inlet of the cylinder cover air entraining channel; the heater is connected to the middle part of the gas connecting pipe and is used for heating the gas flowing through the gas connecting pipe; a pre-combustion chamber scavenging passage which is communicated with an outlet of the cylinder cover gas passage and an inner cavity of the pre-combustion chamber is arranged on the pre-combustion chamber body; the pre-combustion chamber body is also provided with a pre-combustion chamber cooling channel extending from the middle part to the bottom part of the pre-combustion chamber body, the upper end of the pre-combustion chamber cooling channel is communicated with the middle part of a pre-combustion chamber scavenging channel, and the lower end of the pre-combustion chamber cooling channel is communicated with a main combustion chamber of an engine;
and the connecting channel is communicated with an outlet of the cylinder cover air entraining channel and an inlet of the cylinder cover gas channel when the intake valve is opened.
Optionally, encircle on the cylinder head the precombustion chamber body is provided with precombustion chamber mounting hole annular, precombustion chamber mounting hole annular with cylinder head gas passage's export intercommunication, the precombustion chamber scavenging passage encircles the precombustion chamber body is provided with a plurality ofly, the precombustion chamber cooling channel encircles the precombustion chamber body is provided with a plurality ofly, and is a plurality of the entry of precombustion chamber scavenging passage with precombustion chamber mounting hole annular intercommunication, and is a plurality of the export of precombustion chamber scavenging passage with precombustion chamber inner chamber intercommunication, and is a plurality of the upper end of precombustion chamber cooling channel is with a plurality of the middle part one-to-one ground intercommunication of precombustion chamber scavenging passage, and is a plurality of the lower extreme of precombustion chamber cooling channel all communicates with the main combustion chamber of engine.
Optionally, the prechamber injection holes are arranged in a plurality around the bottom of the prechamber body, each prechamber injection hole being located between two adjacent prechamber cooling channels in the circumferential direction.
Optionally, the prechamber device for improving combustion and reducing heat load further comprises a throttle valve arranged in the air inlet pipe, a branch opening communicated with the gas connecting pipe is arranged in the air inlet pipe, and the throttle valve is located between the branch opening and the outer end of the air inlet pipe in the gas flowing direction.
Optionally, the pre-chamber device for improving combustion and reducing thermal load further comprises an exhaust valve and an exhaust valve guide pipe, the cylinder cover is further provided with an exhaust passage and an exhaust valve guide pipe mounting hole, the inner end of the exhaust passage is communicated with the main combustion chamber of the engine, the exhaust valve guide pipe is mounted in the exhaust valve guide pipe mounting hole, and the exhaust valve is slidably inserted into the exhaust valve guide pipe.
Optionally, the prechamber mounting hole is located between the intake valve and the exhaust valve and directly above a main combustion chamber of the engine; the upper end of the precombustion chamber body is provided with a precombustion chamber oil sprayer and a precombustion chamber spark plug;
the precombustion chamber mounting hole is a stepped round hole, the precombustion chamber body is a stepped round pipe, the outer peripheral surface of the stepped round pipe is matched with the shape of the stepped round hole, and the precombustion chamber body is pressed and installed in the precombustion chamber mounting hole.
Optionally, the connection passage is blocked from an outlet of the cylinder head bleed air passage and an inlet of the cylinder head gas passage when the intake valve is closed.
Optionally, an air inlet ring groove and an air guide ring groove are arranged on the air inlet valve guide pipe, the air guide ring groove is located below the air inlet ring groove, the air inlet ring groove is communicated with an outlet of the cylinder cover air guide channel, the air guide ring groove is communicated with an inlet of the cylinder cover air guide channel, an air inlet valve rod ring groove is arranged on the periphery of a rod body of the air inlet valve, and the air inlet ring groove, the air inlet valve rod ring groove and the air guide ring groove form the connecting channel;
when the intake valve is opened, an intake valve rod ring groove on the rod body of the intake valve is communicated with the intake ring groove and the air guide ring groove.
Optionally, the air inlet ring groove and the air guide ring groove are blocked by a rod body of the air inlet valve when the air inlet valve is closed.
According to the precombustion chamber device for improving combustion and reducing heat load, in the air inlet stroke of the engine, the air inlet valve is opened, the air inlet ring groove is communicated with the air guide ring groove, and high-pressure fresh air in the air inlet pipe in front of the throttle valve enters the precombustion chamber mounting hole ring groove through the air connecting pipe, the heater, the cylinder cover air guide channel, the air inlet ring groove, the air inlet valve rod ring groove, the air guide ring groove and the cylinder cover air channel. When the engine is in a low-temperature environment, the heater works, and the fresh gas is heated when flowing through the heater, so that the temperature of the fresh gas is increased. And one part of fresh gas entering the ring groove of the mounting hole of the precombustion chamber enters the inner cavity of the precombustion chamber through the scavenging passage of the precombustion chamber, extrudes residual waste gas in the inner cavity of the precombustion chamber to enter the main combustion chamber, and the other part of fresh gas is shunted to enter the cooling passage of the precombustion chamber communicated with the scavenging passage of the precombustion chamber after reaching the middle part of the scavenging passage of the precombustion chamber, flows through the outer wall surface of the precombustion chamber body below the scavenging passage of the precombustion chamber along the cooling passage of the precombustion chamber, and finally enters the main combustion chamber from an outlet of the cooling passage of the precombustion chamber near the jet hole of the precombustion chamber. During other strokes of the engine, the air inlet valve is closed, and the air inlet ring groove and the air guide ring groove are disconnected, so that the high-temperature and high-pressure mixed gas in the main combustion chamber is prevented from reversely flowing back to the air inlet pipe through the channel.
Therefore, the precombustion chamber device for improving combustion and reducing heat load can reduce or even clear residual waste gas in the inner cavity of the precombustion chamber, so as to reduce the coefficient of the residual waste gas in the inner cavity of the precombustion chamber and further improve the combustion stability of the main combustion chamber; the temperature of mixed gas at the ignition time of the inner cavity of the precombustion chamber can be improved by scavenging when fresh gas heated by the heater enters the inner cavity of the precombustion chamber in a low-temperature environment, so that the ignition stability of the precombustion chamber is improved, and the combustion stability of the main combustion chamber in the low-temperature environment and the low-temperature starting performance of the engine are improved; and the heater does not work under the non-low temperature environment, the fresh gas is not heated, the temperature of the fresh gas flowing in the precombustion chamber cooling passage is lower than the gas temperature of the precombustion chamber inner cavity, and the heat of the precombustion chamber body positioned below the scavenging passage of the precombustion chamber is transferred to the fresh gas in the precombustion chamber cooling passage, so that the heat load of the precombustion chamber body is reduced, and cracking and ablation caused by overhigh heat load are prevented. In addition, the precombustion chamber device for improving combustion and reducing heat load has simple structure and low overall manufacturing cost.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention also provides an engine, which comprises a cylinder body, a piston, an oil injector and the precombustion chamber device for improving combustion and reducing heat load, wherein the cylinder cover is fixed on the cylinder body, the cylinder body is provided with a cylinder, the piston is arranged in the cylinder in a sliding manner, a main combustion chamber is formed between the top surface of the piston and the bottom of the precombustion chamber body, and the oil injector is arranged on the cylinder cover and used for injecting oil to the air inlet channel or the main combustion chamber.
According to the engine provided by the embodiment of the invention, due to the adoption of the prechamber device for improving combustion and reducing heat load, the residual exhaust gas coefficient of the inner cavity of the prechamber can be reduced, the ignition stability of the prechamber can be improved, the combustion stability of the main combustion chamber and the low-temperature starting performance of the engine can be improved, and the risk of cracking and ablation caused by overhigh heat load of the prechamber body near the jet hole of the prechamber can be reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of an engine provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a prechamber arrangement with improved combustion and reduced thermal load provided by an embodiment of the invention.
The reference numerals in the specification are as follows:
1. a cylinder body; 2. a piston;
3. a cylinder cover; 30. an air inlet channel; 31. an exhaust passage; 32. a cylinder head gas passage; 33. a pre-combustion chamber mounting hole; 34. a precombustion chamber mounting hole ring groove; 35. a cylinder cover air entraining channel;
4. an intake valve; 40. an inlet valve guide; 41. an air inlet valve rod ring groove; 42. an air inlet ring groove; 43. a gas guide ring groove;
5. an exhaust valve; 50. an exhaust valve conduit;
6. a prechamber body; 60. the inner cavity of the precombustion chamber; 61. a pre-combustion chamber fuel injector; 62. a pre-chamber spark plug; 63. a prechamber jet orifice; 64. a pre-combustion chamber scavenging passage; 65. a prechamber cooling channel;
7. an oil injector; 8. a main combustion chamber; 9. an air inlet pipe; 10. a throttle valve; 11. a gas connecting pipe; 12. a heater.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
It should be noted that the following directional terms such as upper, lower, inner, outer, top and bottom are only relative concepts or reference to the normal use state of the product, and should not be considered as limiting.
As shown in fig. 1-2, a prechamber apparatus for improving combustion and reducing thermal load according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a cylinder head 3, an intake valve 4, an intake valve guide 40, an intake pipe 9, a prechamber body 6, and a gas connecting pipe 11, wherein a prechamber mounting hole 33 for mounting the prechamber body 6 is formed in the cylinder head 3, a prechamber inner cavity 60 is formed in the prechamber body 6, and a prechamber injection hole 63 for communicating the prechamber inner cavity 60 with a main combustion chamber 8 of an engine is formed in a bottom of the prechamber body 6.
Be provided with intake duct 30 and air intake valve pipe mounting hole on the cylinder cap 3, the outer end of intake duct 30 with intake pipe 9 intercommunication, the inner of intake duct 30 communicates with the main combustion chamber 8 of engine, air intake valve pipe 40 installs in the air intake valve pipe mounting hole, intake valve 4 slides and pegs graft in air intake valve pipe 40. A connecting channel is arranged between the inlet valve guide pipe 40 and the rod body of the inlet valve 4. The cylinder cover 3 is further provided with a cylinder cover air-entraining passage 35 and a cylinder cover gas passage 32, and the gas connecting pipe 11 is connected between the air inlet pipe 9 and an inlet of the cylinder cover air-entraining passage 32; the prechamber body 6 is provided with a prechamber scavenging passage 64 which communicates the outlet of the head gas passage 32 with the prechamber inner chamber 60. Preferably, the inner diameter of the gas connection tube 11 is smaller than the inner diameter of the gas inlet tube 9.
The connecting channel is communicated with the outlet of the cylinder cover bleed air channel 35 and the inlet of the cylinder cover gas channel 32 when the inlet valve 4 is opened; which is blocked from the outlet of the head bleed air channel 35 and from the inlet of the head gas channel 32 when the inlet valve 4 is closed. Preferably, the intake valve 4 comprises an intake valve rod and an intake valve disk, the intake valve rod is inserted in the intake valve guide 40 in a sliding manner, and the intake valve disk is connected to one end of the intake valve rod. In the intake stroke of the engine, the intake valve rod slides in the intake valve guide pipe 40 along the direction that the intake valve disc is far away from the inner end of the intake passage 30 until the inner end of the intake passage 30 is completely communicated with the main combustion chamber 8 of the engine, and at this time, the intake valve 4 is in an open state. On other strokes of the engine, the intake valve rod slides in the intake valve guide pipe in the direction that the intake valve disc is close to the inner end of the intake passage 30 until the disc surface of the intake valve disc contacts the inner end of the intake passage 30, and at the moment, the intake valve 4 is in a closed state.
The pre-combustion chamber body 6 is further provided with a pre-combustion chamber cooling channel 65 extending from the middle part to the bottom part of the pre-combustion chamber body 6, the upper end of the pre-combustion chamber cooling channel 65 is communicated with the middle part of the pre-combustion chamber scavenging channel 64, and the lower end of the pre-combustion chamber cooling channel 65 is communicated with the main combustion chamber 8 of the engine.
The heater 12 is connected to the middle of the gas connecting pipe 11, so that the fresh gas flowing out of the gas inlet pipe 9 to the gas connecting pipe 11 can be heated when flowing through the heater 12, thereby increasing the temperature of the fresh gas when entering the prechamber inner cavity 60 for scavenging, increasing the temperature of the mixed gas in the prechamber inner cavity 60 at the ignition moment, improving the ignition stability of the prechamber at low temperature, and improving the starting performance of the engine. Preferably, the heater 12 is in signal connection with a control unit of the engine, when the engine works, the control unit of the engine judges whether the engine is in a low-temperature cold start process or a low-temperature and low-load working condition, if so, the heater 12 on the gas connecting pipe 11 is made to work to heat the gas flowing through the gas connecting pipe 11; if not, the heater 12 on the gas connecting pipe 11 is stopped to prevent the engine temperature from being too high.
In one embodiment, the heater 12 includes a housing and a gas heating device disposed in the housing, the housing has an inlet and an outlet, the gas connection pipe 11 includes a first gas connection pipe and a second gas connection pipe, the first gas connection pipe is connected between the air inlet pipe 9 and the inlet of the housing, and the second gas connection pipe is connected between the inlet of the head bleed air passage 35 and the outlet of the housing. Preferably, the heating device is a resistance wire heating device or a PTC ceramic heating device or a microwave heating device.
In one embodiment, the housing is a tube structure or a box structure. Preferably, the housing is of a circular tube structure. The opening at the head end of the round pipe is an inlet of the shell and is hermetically connected with the tail end of the first gas connecting pipe, and the opening at the tail end of the round pipe is an outlet of the shell and is hermetically connected with the head end of the second gas connecting pipe.
In an embodiment, an air inlet ring groove 42 and an air guide ring groove 43 are arranged on the air inlet valve guide pipe 40, the air guide ring groove 43 is located below the air inlet ring groove 42, the air inlet ring groove 42 is communicated with an outlet of the cylinder cover air guide channel 35, and the air guide ring groove 43 is communicated with an inlet of the cylinder cover air channel 32. Be provided with air inlet valve pole annular 41 on the periphery of the body of rod of (air) intake valve 3, air inlet valve pole annular 42, air inlet valve pole annular 41 and air guide annular 43 constitute connect the passageway. The length of the intake valve rod ring groove 41 is smaller than the stroke of the rod body of the intake valve 4 sliding and stretching in the intake valve guide 40. When the intake valve 4 is opened, the air inlet ring groove 42 and the air guide ring groove 43 are in contact with the air inlet valve rod ring groove 41, and the air inlet ring groove 42, the air inlet valve rod ring groove 41 and the air guide ring groove 43 are communicated in sequence. When intake valve 4 closes, air inlet ring groove 42, lead gas ring groove 43 with on the body of rod of intake valve 4 except that other part contacts outside the air inlet valve pole annular groove 41, air inlet ring groove 42 and lead gas ring groove 43 form closed annular space respectively, air inlet ring groove 42 with lead gas ring groove 43 quilt the body of rod of intake valve 4 blocks.
In an embodiment, a prechamber mounting hole ring groove 34 is provided on the cylinder head 3 around the prechamber body 6, and the prechamber body 6 can be mounted in the prechamber mounting hole 33 such that the prechamber mounting hole ring groove 34 is closed as an annular space. The prechamber mounting hole ring groove 34 communicates with the outlet of the head gas passage 32 so that the head gas passage 32 can deliver the gas in the gas guide ring groove 43 to the prechamber mounting hole ring groove 34. The prechamber scavenging passage 64 is provided in plurality around the prechamber body 6, and a plurality of inlets of the prechamber scavenging passage 64 communicate with the prechamber mounting hole ring groove 34, and a plurality of outlets of the prechamber scavenging passage 64 communicate with the prechamber inner chamber 60. The prechamber mounting hole ring groove 34 is used to collect fresh gas flowing out of the head gas channel 32 and distribute it to the prechamber scavenging channel 64.
The prechamber cooling channel 65 encircles prechamber body 6 and is provided with a plurality ofly to increase cooling effect and heat transfer area, it is a plurality of the upper end of prechamber cooling channel 65 communicates with a plurality of the middle part one-to-one of prechamber scavenge air passageway 64, and is a plurality of the lower extreme of prechamber cooling channel 65 all communicates with the main combustion chamber 8 of engine.
Preferably, the lower ends of a plurality of said prechamber cooling channels 65 are grouped together and connected to the main combustion chamber 8.
In other embodiments, the lower ends of a plurality of said prechamber cooling channels 65 are directly connected to the main combustion chamber 8.
In an embodiment, the prechamber arrangement for improved combustion and reduced thermal load further comprises a throttle valve 10 arranged in the inlet pipe 9, the inlet pipe 9 being provided with a branch opening communicating with the gas connecting pipe 11, the throttle valve 10 being located between the branch opening and the outer end of the inlet duct 30 in the gas flow direction. The throttle valve 10 is used to regulate the amount of fresh gas entering the intake pipe 9, and the throttle valve 10 is partially opened when the engine is operating at a part load condition. During the intake stroke of the engine, during which the intake valve 4 is opened, the pressure of the fresh gas in the intake pipe 9 before the throttle valve 10 is greater than the pressure of the intake passage 30, the main combustion chamber 8 and the prechamber inner chamber 60, and under the action of this pressure difference, the fresh gas in the intake pipe 9 is pressed out of the flow dividing port into the gas connecting pipe 11 and finally reaches the prechamber inner chamber 60 for scavenging.
In an embodiment, the prechamber injection holes 63 are arranged in a plurality around the bottom of the prechamber body 6, each prechamber injection hole 63 being located between two adjacent prechamber cooling channels 65 in the circumferential direction. Preferably, the prechamber jet holes 63 are circular holes. The prechamber jet hole 63 is used for enabling residual exhaust gas in the prechamber inner cavity 60 to be extruded into the main combustion chamber 8 by fresh gas introduced from the prechamber scavenging passage 64 during the intake stroke of the engine, so as to realize scavenging; the high-temperature and high-pressure mixed gas in the main combustion chamber 8 is re-injected into the prechamber inner chamber 60 in the compression stroke, and the mixed gas ignited by the prechamber ignition plug 62 in the prechamber inner chamber 60 is injected into the main combustion chamber 8 when the piston 2 reaches the top dead center at the end of the compression stroke. The prechamber body 6, the prechamber inner cavity 60, the prechamber fuel injector 61, the prechamber spark plug 62, the prechamber jet holes 63, the prechamber scavenging passage 64 and the prechamber cooling passage 65 together form a prechamber.
In an embodiment, the prechamber device for improving combustion and reducing heat load further comprises an exhaust valve 5 and an exhaust valve guide pipe 50, the cylinder head 3 is further provided with an exhaust passage 31 and an exhaust valve guide pipe mounting hole, the inner end of the exhaust passage 31 is communicated with a main combustion chamber 8 of an engine, the exhaust valve guide pipe 50 is mounted in the exhaust valve guide pipe mounting hole, and the exhaust valve 5 is inserted in the exhaust valve guide pipe 50 in a sliding manner.
Preferably, the exhaust valve 5 comprises an exhaust valve rod and an exhaust valve disc, the exhaust valve rod is slidably inserted into the exhaust valve guide tube 50, and the exhaust valve disc is connected to one end of the exhaust valve rod. During the exhaust stroke of the engine, the exhaust valve rod slides in the exhaust valve guide 50 in a direction to make the exhaust valve disc away from the inner end of the exhaust passage 31 until the inner end of the exhaust passage 31 is completely communicated with the main combustion chamber 8 of the engine, and at this time, the exhaust valve 5 is in an open state. During the other strokes of the engine, the exhaust valve rod slides in the exhaust valve guide 50 in a direction to make the exhaust valve disc approach the inner end of the exhaust passage 31 until the disc surface of the exhaust valve disc contacts the inner end of the exhaust passage 31, at which time the exhaust valve 5 is in a closed state.
In one embodiment, the prechamber mounting hole 33 is located between the inlet valve 4 and the exhaust valve 5 and directly above the main combustion chamber 8 of the engine. A pre-chamber injector 61 and a pre-chamber ignition plug 62 are provided at the upper end of the pre-chamber body 6. Prechamber injector 61 is configured to inject a small amount of fuel into prechamber interior 60 during a compression stroke of the engine to form a combustible mixture within prechamber interior 60. The prechamber ignition plug 62 is used for igniting and igniting the air-fuel mixture in the prechamber inner chamber 60 at the end of the compression stroke when the piston 2 is about to reach the top dead center, so that the pressure in the prechamber inner chamber 60 rises, and therefore the high-temperature mixed gas in the prechamber inner chamber 60 can only be injected into the main combustion chamber 8 through the prechamber injection holes 63 to ignite the mixed compressed gas in the main combustion chamber 8.
The precombustion chamber mounting hole 33 is a stepped round hole, the precombustion chamber body 6 is a stepped round pipe, the outer peripheral surface of the stepped round pipe is matched with the shape of the stepped round hole, and the precombustion chamber body 6 is pressed in the precombustion chamber mounting hole 33.
According to the precombustion chamber device for improving combustion and reducing heat load, provided by the embodiment of the invention, in the air inlet stroke of an engine, an air inlet valve is opened, an air inlet ring groove is communicated with an air guide ring groove, and high-pressure fresh air in front of a throttle valve in an air inlet pipe enters the precombustion chamber mounting hole ring groove through a gas connecting pipe, a heater, a cylinder cover air guide channel, an air inlet ring groove, an air inlet valve rod ring groove, an air guide ring groove and a cylinder cover gas channel. When the engine is in a low-temperature environment, the heater works, and the fresh gas is heated when flowing through the heater, so that the temperature of the fresh gas is increased. And one part of fresh gas entering the ring groove of the mounting hole of the precombustion chamber enters the inner cavity of the precombustion chamber through the scavenging passage of the precombustion chamber, extrudes residual waste gas in the inner cavity of the precombustion chamber to enter the main combustion chamber, and the other part of fresh gas is shunted to enter the cooling passage of the precombustion chamber communicated with the scavenging passage of the precombustion chamber after reaching the middle part of the scavenging passage of the precombustion chamber, flows through the outer wall surface of the precombustion chamber body below the scavenging passage of the precombustion chamber along the cooling passage of the precombustion chamber, and finally enters the main combustion chamber from an outlet of the cooling passage of the precombustion chamber near the jet hole of the precombustion chamber. During other strokes of the engine, the air inlet valve is closed, and the air inlet ring groove and the air guide ring groove are disconnected, so that the high-temperature and high-pressure mixed gas in the main combustion chamber is prevented from reversely flowing back to the air inlet pipe through the channel.
Therefore, the prechamber device for improving combustion and reducing heat load provided by the embodiment of the invention can reduce or even eliminate residual waste gas in the prechamber inner cavity so as to reduce the residual waste gas coefficient of the prechamber inner cavity and further improve the combustion stability of the main combustion chamber; the temperature of mixed gas at the ignition time of the inner cavity of the precombustion chamber can be improved by scavenging when fresh gas heated by the heater enters the inner cavity of the precombustion chamber in a low-temperature environment, so that the ignition stability of the precombustion chamber is improved, and the combustion stability of the main combustion chamber in the low-temperature environment and the low-temperature starting performance of the engine are improved; and the heater does not work under the non-low temperature environment, the fresh gas is not heated, the temperature of the fresh gas flowing in the precombustion chamber cooling passage is lower than the gas temperature of the precombustion chamber inner cavity, and the heat of the precombustion chamber body positioned below the scavenging passage of the precombustion chamber is transferred to the fresh gas in the precombustion chamber cooling passage, so that the heat load of the precombustion chamber body is reduced, and cracking and ablation caused by overhigh heat load are prevented. In addition, the prechamber device for improving combustion and reducing heat load provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of simple structure and low overall manufacturing cost.
On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an engine, including a cylinder block 1, a piston 2, an injector 7, and the intake pipe gas scavenging prechamber device described above, where the cylinder head 3 is fixed on the cylinder block 1, the cylinder block 1 is provided with a cylinder, the piston 2 is slidably disposed in the cylinder, a main combustion chamber 8 is formed between a top surface of the piston 2 and a bottom of the prechamber body 6, and the injector 7 is mounted on the cylinder head 3 and is used for injecting oil into the intake passage 30 or the main combustion chamber 8. Preferably, the injector 7 is used to inject fuel into the intake passage 30.
According to the engine provided by the embodiment of the invention, due to the adoption of the prechamber device for improving combustion and reducing heat load, the residual waste gas coefficient of the inner cavity of the prechamber can be reduced, the ignition stability of the prechamber can be improved, the combustion stability of the main combustion chamber and the low-temperature starting performance of the engine can be improved, and the risk of cracking and ablation caused by overhigh heat load of the prechamber body near the jet hole of the prechamber can be reduced.
When the engine is started, the control unit of the engine judges whether the engine is in a low-temperature cold start process or a low-temperature and low-load working condition, if so, the heater on the gas connecting pipe works to heat the gas flowing through the gas connecting pipe; if not, the heater on the gas connecting pipe is stopped to prevent the temperature of the engine from being overhigh.
In the intake stroke of the engine, an intake valve is opened, an exhaust valve is closed, a piston moves downwards, and fresh gas in the intake pipe enters a main combustion chamber from an intake passage through the intake valve. At the moment, the intake valve is opened, the air inlet ring groove and the air guide ring groove are communicated, and high-pressure fresh gas in front of the throttle valve in the air inlet pipe enters the pre-combustion chamber mounting hole ring groove through the first gas connecting pipe, the heater, the second gas connecting pipe, the cylinder cover air guide channel, the air inlet ring groove, the air inlet valve rod ring groove, the air guide ring groove and the cylinder cover gas channel. And one part of fresh gas entering the ring groove of the mounting hole of the precombustion chamber enters the inner cavity of the precombustion chamber through the scavenging passage of the precombustion chamber, extrudes residual waste gas in the inner cavity of the precombustion chamber to enter the main combustion chamber, and the other part of fresh gas is shunted to enter the cooling passage of the precombustion chamber communicated with the scavenging passage of the precombustion chamber after reaching the middle part of the scavenging passage of the precombustion chamber, flows through the outer wall surface of the precombustion chamber body below the scavenging passage of the precombustion chamber along the cooling passage of the precombustion chamber, and finally enters.
In the compression stroke of the engine, the intake valve and the exhaust valve are both closed, and the piston moves upwards to compress the mixed gas in the main combustion chamber. The mixture in the main combustion chamber is pressed into the cavity of the precombustion chamber. At the moment, the air inlet valve is in a closed state, and the air inlet ring groove and the air guide ring groove are disconnected. And a precombustion chamber oil injector arranged on the precombustion chamber body injects a small amount of fuel into the inner cavity of the precombustion chamber so as to form combustible mixed gas in the precombustion chamber.
At the end of the compression stroke, when the piston is about to reach the top dead center, a pre-combustion chamber spark plug arranged on the pre-combustion chamber body ignites and ignites the oil-gas mixture in the inner cavity of the pre-combustion chamber. The pressure in the inner cavity of the precombustion chamber rises, in addition, the air inlet ring groove and the air guide ring groove are disconnected, and the ignited high-temperature mixed gas in the precombustion chamber can be sprayed into the main combustion chamber only through the jet holes of the precombustion chamber and ignites the compressed high-temperature high-pressure mixed gas in the main combustion chamber.
In the power stroke of the engine, the high-temperature and high-pressure mixed gas in the main combustion chamber is ignited by the high-temperature mixed gas sprayed from the jet holes of the precombustion chamber, the high-temperature and high-pressure mixed gas is quickly combusted, the pressure and the temperature are quickly increased, and the piston is pushed to move downwards.
In the exhaust stroke of the engine, the exhaust valve is opened, the piston moves upwards, and burnt exhaust gas enters the exhaust passage from the main combustion chamber through the exhaust valve, and is discharged out of the main combustion chamber.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A precombustion chamber device for improving combustion and reducing heat load is characterized by comprising a cylinder cover, an inlet valve guide pipe, an air inlet pipe, a precombustion chamber body, an air connecting pipe and a heater, wherein a precombustion chamber mounting hole for mounting the precombustion chamber body is formed in the cylinder cover, a precombustion chamber inner cavity is formed in the precombustion chamber body, and a precombustion chamber jet hole for communicating the precombustion chamber inner cavity with a main combustion chamber of an engine is formed in the bottom of the precombustion chamber body;
the cylinder cover is provided with an air inlet channel and an air inlet valve guide pipe mounting hole, the outer end of the air inlet channel is communicated with the air inlet pipe, the inner end of the air inlet channel is communicated with a main combustion chamber of an engine, the air inlet valve guide pipe is mounted in the air inlet valve guide pipe mounting hole, and the air inlet valve is inserted in the air inlet valve guide pipe in a sliding manner; a connecting channel is arranged between the inlet valve guide pipe and the rod body of the inlet valve, a cylinder cover air entraining channel and a cylinder cover gas channel are also arranged on the cylinder cover, and the gas connecting pipe is connected between the air inlet pipe and an inlet of the cylinder cover air entraining channel; the heater is connected to the middle part of the gas connecting pipe and is used for heating the gas flowing through the gas connecting pipe; a pre-combustion chamber scavenging passage which is communicated with an outlet of the cylinder cover gas passage and an inner cavity of the pre-combustion chamber is arranged on the pre-combustion chamber body; the pre-combustion chamber body is also provided with a pre-combustion chamber cooling channel extending from the middle part to the bottom part of the pre-combustion chamber body, the upper end of the pre-combustion chamber cooling channel is communicated with the middle part of a pre-combustion chamber scavenging channel, and the lower end of the pre-combustion chamber cooling channel is communicated with a main combustion chamber of an engine;
and the connecting channel is communicated with an outlet of the cylinder cover air entraining channel and an inlet of the cylinder cover gas channel when the intake valve is opened.
2. The pre-chamber device for improving combustion and reducing thermal load as claimed in claim 1, wherein a pre-chamber mounting hole ring groove is formed in the cylinder head around the pre-chamber body, the pre-chamber mounting hole ring groove communicates with the outlet of the cylinder head gas passage, a plurality of pre-chamber scavenging passages are formed around the pre-chamber body, a plurality of pre-chamber cooling passages are formed around the pre-chamber body, the inlet of the plurality of pre-chamber scavenging passages communicates with the pre-chamber mounting hole ring groove, the outlet of the plurality of pre-chamber scavenging passages communicates with the inner cavity of the pre-chamber, the upper end of the plurality of pre-chamber cooling passages communicates with the middle part of the plurality of pre-chamber scavenging passages in a one-to-one correspondence, and the lower end of each of the plurality of pre-chamber cooling passages communicates with the main combustion chamber of the engine.
3. The pre-chamber apparatus for improving combustion and reducing heat load as claimed in claim 2, wherein the plurality of pre-chamber injection holes are provided around the bottom of the pre-chamber body, and each of the pre-chamber injection holes is located between two adjacent pre-chamber cooling passages in a circumferential direction.
4. The improved combustion and reduced heat load precombustor apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said improved combustion and reduced heat load precombustor apparatus further comprises a throttle valve provided in said intake pipe, said intake pipe being provided with a branch port communicating with said gas connection pipe, said throttle valve being located between said branch port and an outer end of said intake passage in a gas flow direction.
5. The pre-chamber apparatus for improving combustion and reducing thermal load as claimed in claim 1, further comprising an exhaust valve and an exhaust valve guide, wherein the cylinder cover is further provided with an exhaust passage and an exhaust valve guide mounting hole, the inner end of the exhaust passage is communicated with the main combustion chamber of the engine, the exhaust valve guide is mounted in the exhaust valve guide mounting hole, and the exhaust valve is slidably inserted in the exhaust valve guide.
6. The pre-chamber apparatus for improving combustion and reducing heat load according to claim 5, wherein the pre-chamber mounting hole is located between the intake valve and the exhaust valve and directly above a main combustion chamber of an engine; the upper end of the precombustion chamber body is provided with a precombustion chamber oil sprayer and a precombustion chamber spark plug;
the precombustion chamber mounting hole is a stepped round hole, the precombustion chamber body is a stepped round pipe, the outer peripheral surface of the stepped round pipe is matched with the shape of the stepped round hole, and the precombustion chamber body is pressed and installed in the precombustion chamber mounting hole.
7. A pre-chamber arrangement for improved combustion and reduced thermal load according to claim 1, characterised in that the connection channel is blocked from the outlet of the cylinder head bleed air channel and from the inlet of the cylinder head gas channel when the intake valve is closed.
8. The pre-chamber apparatus for improving combustion and reducing thermal load according to claim 1, wherein the intake valve guide tube is provided with an intake ring groove and a gas guide ring groove, the gas guide ring groove is located below the intake ring groove, the intake ring groove is communicated with the outlet of the cylinder head gas guide passage, the gas guide ring groove is communicated with the inlet of the cylinder head gas guide passage, the intake valve rod ring groove is arranged on the outer circumference of the rod body of the intake valve, and the intake ring groove, the intake valve rod ring groove and the gas guide ring groove form the connecting passage;
when the intake valve is opened, an intake valve rod ring groove on the rod body of the intake valve is communicated with the intake ring groove and the air guide ring groove.
9. The pre-chamber apparatus for improving combustion and reducing thermal load according to claim 8, wherein said intake ring groove and said pilot ring groove are blocked by a rod of said intake valve when said intake valve is closed.
10. An engine, characterized in that, including cylinder block, piston, sprayer and the antechamber device of any one of claims 1-9 for improving combustion and reducing heat load, the cylinder cap is fixed on the cylinder block, the cylinder block is provided with a cylinder, the piston is arranged in the cylinder in a sliding manner, a main combustion chamber is formed between the top surface of the piston and the bottom of the antechamber body, and the sprayer is installed on the cylinder cap and is used for spraying oil to the air inlet channel or the main combustion chamber.
CN202110460275.3A 2021-04-27 2021-04-27 Improve burning and reduce heat load's precombustion chamber device and engine Pending CN113153515A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110460275.3A CN113153515A (en) 2021-04-27 2021-04-27 Improve burning and reduce heat load's precombustion chamber device and engine

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110460275.3A CN113153515A (en) 2021-04-27 2021-04-27 Improve burning and reduce heat load's precombustion chamber device and engine

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CN113153515A true CN113153515A (en) 2021-07-23

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20230040984A1 (en) * 2020-12-31 2023-02-09 Tianjin University Air-assisted jet flame ignition device and ignition method thereof

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20230040984A1 (en) * 2020-12-31 2023-02-09 Tianjin University Air-assisted jet flame ignition device and ignition method thereof
US11661885B2 (en) * 2020-12-31 2023-05-30 Tianjin University Air-assisted jet flame ignition device and ignition method thereof

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