CN113152904A - Construction method of large-span folded plate type steel roof truss - Google Patents
Construction method of large-span folded plate type steel roof truss Download PDFInfo
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- CN113152904A CN113152904A CN202110429440.9A CN202110429440A CN113152904A CN 113152904 A CN113152904 A CN 113152904A CN 202110429440 A CN202110429440 A CN 202110429440A CN 113152904 A CN113152904 A CN 113152904A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/342—Structures covering a large free area, whether open-sided or not, e.g. hangars, halls
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
- E04C3/11—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with non-parallel upper and lower edges, e.g. roof trusses
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
- E04G21/16—Tools or apparatus
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
- E04G21/16—Tools or apparatus
- E04G21/18—Adjusting tools; Templates
- E04G21/1841—Means for positioning building parts or elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/13—Architectural design, e.g. computer-aided architectural design [CAAD] related to design of buildings, bridges, landscapes, production plants or roads
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
- G06F2119/14—Force analysis or force optimisation, e.g. static or dynamic forces
Abstract
The invention relates to a construction method of a large-span folded plate type steel roof truss, which comprises a roof truss support, a plurality of right V-shaped steel frame units, a plurality of inverted V-shaped steel frame units and an aerial splicing unit, wherein the roof steel frame integral in a folded plate shape is formed by the roof truss support, the construction method is characterized in that: the construction method is characterized in that a regular V-shaped steel frame unit and an inverted V-shaped steel frame unit are machined on the ground, the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit, the regular V-shaped steel frame unit are integrally hoisted and the air assembly unit is hoisted, and the air assembly technology is carried out between the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and the regular V-shaped steel frame unit by utilizing the air assembly unit; the advantages are that: the technical problems of speed, precision, deformation and the like of ground assembly and aerial in-place measurement are solved, and the mounting precision, quality and safety of the steel structure and the engineering progress are effectively controlled; the roof steel frame hoisting unit is reasonably divided, integral hoisting is adopted, high-altitude operation is reduced, the use efficiency, the safety coefficient, the construction quality and the construction efficiency of large-scale hoisting machinery can be greatly improved, and the construction cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of buildings, and particularly relates to a construction method of a large-span folded plate type steel roof truss.
Background
In recent years, the form of a large-scale complex space steel structure is rapidly developed in the buildings of China, and the application range is wider and wider. The reason is that the structure is reasonable in stress, large in rigidity, suitable for large-space and large-span buildings, convenient to manufacture and install and suitable for designs of various shapes and types. Meanwhile, the expression form of the space steel structure becomes complex and diversified, and the curved surface modeling appears in a large quantity, so that the construction difficulty is increased, and the requirement on building construction is also increased. The flow deployment, the measurement positioning, the structural stress, the unloading deformation and the like in the construction process of the square pipe truss have great influence on the installation quality.
A roof of a certain engineering project adopts a single-layer folded plate grid system, the plane area is 6000m2, 17 roof trusses of a north-side stadium are counted, and 14 roof trusses of a south-side stadium are counted. The projection of the span plane is maximum 36 meters, and the length of the member is 41 meters. The roof truss has larger span, the whole roof steel frame is in a folded plate shape, the upper chord member and the lower chord member of the triangular unit are both plane curves, and the straight web members and the inclined web members which connect the upper chord member and the lower chord member form a space curved surface, so that the shape is more complicated, the weight of a single truss is larger, and the welding quality requirement of a steel truss intersecting welding seam is high; the shape of the roof steel truss node is complex, the on-site assembly workload is large, and the assembly precision requirement is high; and the single truss is an unstable triangular structure and is easy to deform, so that the construction difficulty is high. The original construction hoisting scheme is a mode of combining interval whole-pin hoisting and aerial assembly, about 400 tons of components need to be assembled in the air in the construction process of the original hoisting scheme, the assembly workload is large, the assembly precision and the aerial welding quality are difficult to guarantee, the construction period is long, and the use efficiency of large-scale mechanical equipment is low; therefore, it is necessary to provide a construction method of roof structure system with reasonable stress, high bearing capacity, high rigidity and convenient construction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a construction method of a large-span folded plate type steel roof truss, aiming at solving the technical problems in the prior art.
The construction method of the large-span folded plate type steel roof truss is characterized in that a regular V-shaped steel frame unit and a reverse V-shaped steel frame unit are machined on the ground through the use of modeling and intelligent measurement technologies, the reverse V-shaped steel frame unit, the regular V-shaped steel frame unit are integrally hoisted and hoisted by scattered rods, and a high-altitude scattered assembly technology is carried out between the reverse V-shaped steel frame unit and the regular V-shaped steel frame unit. The technical problems of speed, precision, deformation and the like of ground assembly and aerial in-place measurement are solved, and the mounting precision, quality and safety of the steel structure and the engineering progress are effectively controlled; the roof steel frame hoisting unit is reasonably divided, integral hoisting is adopted, high-altitude operation is reduced, the use efficiency, the safety coefficient, the construction quality and the construction efficiency of large-scale hoisting machinery can be greatly improved, and the construction cost is reduced.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems in the prior art is as follows:
the construction method of the large-span folded plate type steel roof truss comprises a roof truss support, a plurality of regular V-shaped steel frame units, a plurality of inverted V-shaped steel frame units and an aerial assembly unit, wherein the roof truss support is a rectangular roof truss support formed by a plurality of columns, a cross beam is fixed on a pillar of one long side of the roof truss support, the pillars of two long sides of the roof truss support are provided with a height difference, the regular V-shaped steel frame units comprise a lower chord, two upper chords, a plurality of straight web members and a plurality of oblique web members, the inverted V-shaped steel frame units comprise an upper chord, two lower chords, a plurality of straight web members and a plurality of oblique web members, the lengths of the upper chord and the lower chord are greater than 40 meters and are arc-shaped, and the aerial assembly unit comprises a plurality of straight web members and oblique web members. The method is characterized in that:
the construction method of the large-span folded plate type steel roof truss adopts the technology that a V-shaped steel frame unit and an inverted V-shaped steel frame unit are machined on the ground, the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit are integrally hoisted and an air assembly unit is hoisted, and the air assembly technology is carried out between the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit by the air assembly unit.
The construction method comprises the following specific steps:
s1 optimization design
The method comprises the steps of carrying out optimization design on an upper chord, a lower chord, a straight web member, an inclined web member, a reinforcing node, an installation node, an upper chord, a lower chord, a straight web member connecting node and a roof truss supporting connecting node of the large-span folded plate type steel roof truss, establishing a large-span folded plate type steel roof truss three-dimensional model by using Tekla software, establishing a three-dimensional coordinate and taking a coordinate value in CAD, accurately setting out, and accurately positioning.
S2, assembling an inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and a V-shaped steel frame unit on site;
an inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and a regular V-shaped steel frame unit are assembled on the ground, the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit comprises an upper chord with the length of more than 40m, two lower chords with the same length as the upper chord, a plurality of straight web members and a plurality of inclined web members, the V-shaped steel frame unit comprises a lower chord with the length of more than 40m, two upper chords with the same length as the lower chord, a plurality of straight web members and a plurality of inclined web members, an upper chord member and a lower chord member are firstly installed on a jig frame, starting points of the upper chord member and the lower chord member are positioned through control points at two ends of the end part of the ground, the upper chord member and the lower chord member are sequentially spliced, a positioning point of a vertical web member on the ground is vertically projected on the upper chord member and the lower chord member, the vertical web member and an inclined web member are sequentially spliced, after the upper chord member, the lower chord member, the vertical web member and the inclined web member are spliced, the splicing positions are welded in a penetrating way, then, supports are respectively arranged on the supports corresponding to the two end parts of the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and the regular V-shaped steel frame unit.
S3, hoisting and mounting transverse reinforcing rod
The transverse reinforcing rods are respectively installed in the length directions of the regular V-shaped steel frame unit and the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit, and are fixedly connected with two straight web rods of the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and the regular V-shaped steel frame unit.
S4, hanging inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and regular V-shaped steel frame unit, welding
Hoisting sequence
A crawler crane is adopted to hoist a 1# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit, the ground clearance after hoisting is not more than 0.1m, the deformation condition of the 1# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit is observed and measured, the height difference of the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit is preliminarily adjusted by using inverted chain hoists according to the height difference of two ends of the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit in a drawing, the calculation range is calculated through measurement deformation, the height difference adjustment of the two ends is finished, hoisting is carried out, when the steel frame is hoisted to an installation position, accurate height difference adjustment is carried out on a roof frame support through the inverted chain hoists according to the height difference of the roof frame support position, a total station is adopted to carry out space positioning on the roof frame support position, four supports slowly hooked to the two ends of the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit are completely stressed, the four supports are simultaneously tack-welded, the four supports of the roof frame support are simultaneously fully welded through four groups of welders, and the hooks can be picked up after the lifting is finished.
The method is characterized in that a 2# regular V-shaped steel frame unit is hoisted by a crawler crane, the same process as that of a 1# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit is carried out before hoisting, when the crane is hoisted to an installation position, accurate height difference adjustment is carried out on a roof truss support through a chain block according to the height difference of the roof truss support position and the elevations of two upper chord rods, two supports on two long side pillars of the roof truss support and the end parts of the four upper chord rods of the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit are spatially positioned by a total station, two supports slowly fall off to be completely stressed on the two supports, the two supports and a roof truss support connecting point are simultaneously positioned and welded, two groups of welders fully weld the two supports and the roof truss support as soon as possible, and before the 2# regular V-shaped steel frame unit and the 1# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit are not connected with a straight web rod, the crawler crane always lifts the 2# regular V-shaped steel frame unit.
A plurality of straight web members are hoisted and welded in sequence by adopting a tower crane, a 1# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and a 2# regular V-shaped steel frame unit are connected into a whole to form a stable structure, and the hook is taken off by the crawler crane after the hook is taken off.
And circulating the process sequence, hoisting a 3# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit, hoisting a 4# regular V-shaped steel frame unit, and then performing welded connection between the 1# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit, the 3# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and the 4# regular V-shaped steel frame unit by utilizing a straight web rod of the aerial scattered assembly unit.
Respectively hoisting a 5# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and a 6# regular V-shaped steel frame unit, and welding and connecting the 3# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit, the 5# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and the 6# regular V-shaped steel frame unit by utilizing a straight web rod of the aerial scattered assembly unit.
Respectively hoisting a 7# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and an 8# regular V-shaped steel frame unit, and welding and connecting the 5# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit, the 8# regular V-shaped steel frame unit and the 7# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit by utilizing a straight web rod of an aerial scattered assembly unit.
Hoisting the 9# regular V-shaped steel frame unit, and performing welded connection between the 7# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and the 9# regular V-shaped steel frame unit by utilizing the straight web rods of the aerial loose assembly units.
Hoisting 10# half inverted V-shaped steel frame units, welding and connecting the straight web members between the 9# regular V-shaped steel frame units and the 10# half inverted V-shaped steel frame units, hoisting the residual straight web members until all installation and welding are completed, and forming the folded plate type steel roof truss into a whole.
The invention can also adopt the following technical scheme:
preferably, the length directions of the regular V-shaped steel frame unit and the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit are respectively provided with a transverse reinforcing rod, and the distance between two adjacent transverse reinforcing rods is 10-12 m.
Preferably, the straight web members of the aerial assembly units are connected with the V-shaped steel frame units and the V-shaped steel frame units through bolts, and each node is connected with 4M 20 bolts.
Preferably, the difference of the heights of the pillars of the two long sides of the roof truss support is 5-5.2 m.
Preferably, the crawler crane is a QUY360 crawler crane.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that: according to the technical scheme, namely through the use of modeling and intelligent measurement technologies, the technology that a regular V-shaped steel frame unit and an inverted V-shaped steel frame unit are machined on the ground, the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and the regular V-shaped steel frame unit are integrally hoisted and hoisted by scattered rods is adopted, and high-altitude scattered assembly is carried out between the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and the regular V-shaped steel frame unit, so that the technical problems of ground assembly, air in-place measurement speed, accuracy, deformation and the like are solved, and the mounting accuracy, quality and safety of a steel structure and the effective control of engineering progress are realized; not only makes full use of on-site tower crane machinery, but also effectively reduces the installation deviation between the two ends of the steel frame unit and the roof truss support, and improves the flexibility of on-site installation and implementation. The roof steel frame hoisting unit is reasonably divided, integral hoisting is adopted, high-altitude operation is reduced, the use efficiency, the safety coefficient, the construction quality and the construction efficiency of large-scale hoisting machinery can be greatly improved, and the construction cost is reduced. Roofing steelframe chord member, web member are steel sheet welding processing and form, adopt the straight seam welded steel pipe can satisfy the design atress requirement equally through deepening the design, practice thrift the working costs. Due to the optimized adjustment of the hoisting scheme, the workload of aerial assembly is greatly reduced, and the construction efficiency is improved. The application of the large-span folded plate type steel roof truss meets the requirement of large span of a venue, the structure is safe and reliable, the arc lines of the single roof truss are smooth, and the whole roof truss is uniform.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the assembly structure of a roof truss support, an inverted V-shaped steel truss unit and a V-shaped steel truss unit;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a regular V-shaped steel frame unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an assembly structure of an inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and a transverse reinforcing rod according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the assembly structure of the right V-shaped steel frame unit and the transverse reinforcing rod of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the assembly structure of the right V-shaped steel frame unit and the supporting seat of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the stand of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a plan view of the sequence of hoisting the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit, the V-shaped steel frame unit and the overhead assembly unit;
fig. 9 is a lifting plane layout diagram of the construction site of the invention.
In the figure: 1. supporting a roof truss; 1-1, a pillar; 1-2, a cross beam; 2. an inverted V-shaped steel frame unit; 3. a V-shaped steel frame unit; 4. an aerial assembly unit; 5. an upper chord; 6. a lower chord; 7. a straight web member; 8. a diagonal web member; 9. a transverse reinforcement bar; 10. and (4) a support.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to figures 1-9 of the drawings,
a construction method of a large-span folded plate type steel roof truss comprises a roof steel frame whole body which is in a folded plate shape and consists of a roof truss support 1, a support 10, a plurality of V-shaped steel frame units 3, a plurality of inverted V-shaped steel frame units 2 and overhead assembly units 4, wherein the roof truss support is a rectangular roof truss support consisting of a plurality of column bodies, a cross beam is fixed on a column of one long side of the roof truss support, the columns of two long sides of the roof truss support are provided with height differences, and the height difference of the columns of the two long sides of the roof truss support is 5-5.2 m. The V-shaped steel frame unit comprises a lower chord member 6, two upper chord members 5, a plurality of straight web members 7 and a plurality of inclined web members 8. The inverted V-shaped steel frame unit comprises an upper chord, two lower chords, a plurality of straight web members and a plurality of inclined web members, the lengths of the upper chord and the lower chord are greater than 40 meters, the upper chord and the lower chord are arc-shaped, and the air loose assembly unit comprises a plurality of straight web members and a plurality of inclined web members. The construction method of the large-span folded plate type steel roof truss adopts the technology of processing a regular V-shaped steel frame unit and an inverted V-shaped steel frame unit on the ground, integrally hoisting the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and hoisting scattered rods, and performing high-altitude scattered assembly between the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit.
Primarily selecting a crawler crane to carry out hoisting operation according to the actual environment condition on site, analyzing by combining the maximum weight of a single roof steel frame, and selecting the model of the crawler crane; the single V-shaped steel frame unit is not heavy at 34.5 tons most, the hanging width is 36 meters, a QUY360 crawler crane is adopted, the elevation angle of a main arm is 85 degrees, the main arm is 36m, the height requirement of the building can be met by spanning the building, the auxiliary arm is 42m, the radius is 36m, and the non-walking working condition can be 41.4 tons or more than 34.5 tons by inquiring a working condition table, so that the installation requirement is met.
The method comprises the following steps of (1) processing a traveling subgrade of a hoisting machine and accounting the lateral pressure of a basement concrete outer wall:
the first step is as follows: rolling the soil body filled with soil back on site by using a road roller of 20 tons, rolling for the second time if the soil body is obviously compressed and does not rebound after the first rolling operation, rolling for three to four times until the soil body does not obviously sink, determining parameters such as site soil density, internal friction angle and the like by adopting a geotechnical experiment mode, and determining the bearing capacity of the site ground by adopting a shallow slab load test. The ground bearing capacity of the site is set to be 100Kpa and the internal friction angle is set to be 30 degrees according to experience.
The second step is that: adding a layer of 35mm thick ballast on the soil body for reinforcement, and then rolling;
the third step: paving a layer of 20 mm-thick broken stone as a leveling layer; the ground flatness does not exceed 3 degrees;
the fourth step: paving the roadbed boxes on the gravels in a horizontally spliced manner to enlarge a single soil contact surface; the dimensions of the roadbed box are 1m multiplied by 5m multiplied by 0.2 m.
The maximum weight of the machinery and hoisting member is 455 tons, the contact surface of the crawler is 9.4m, and the field endurance is not lower than 80Kpa according to the past experience, so the required load dissipation area is as follows: 455/8-56.875 m2, the roadbed box width is 56.875/9.4/2-3.02 m.
The size of the roadbed box is 1m multiplied by 5m multiplied by 0.2m, the calculated area is 9m multiplied by 8m, and the pressure born by the roadbed in the hoisting process after the roadbed box is additionally arranged can be as follows:
455 × 10/(9 × 8) ═ 63.2Kpa, in order to ensure that the ground endurance meets the requirement that the stress is in a triangular distribution and is 2 times of that of the corresponding uniformly distributed load, the current ground stress is further enlarged by 50%, that is, 63.2Kpa × 1.5 obtained by calculation is 95Kpa, and at this time, the relatively uniformly distributed load is equivalent to multiplying by a coefficient of 2.07. Meets the requirements.
The elevation of the basement bottom plate is-4.900 m, the inner friction angle of backfill soil is considered to be 30 degrees according to experience (the basement retaining wall at the elevation of-4.900 m is rechecked according to actual experiment numerical values), the influence of underground water is not considered, when the basement retaining wall at the elevation of-4.900 m is not influenced by the hoisting pressure weight of the crawler crane, the distance from the outer edge of the roadbed box to the outer wall of the basement is 4.9/tan30 degrees, the distance from the roadbed box to the outer wall of the basement is 8.5m when construction is carried out on the north side and the south side of the basement on site, and the requirement is met.
Hoisting stress and deformation analysis:
(1) and (3) adopting midas/gen to align the V-shaped steel frame unit, lifting stress and deformation analysis. During hoisting, the stress of the lifting hook is 32.4 tons, almost no horizontal force exists, the hook grabbing phenomenon does not exist, the maximum internal force of the steel wire rope is 11.3 tons, the maximum vertical deformation is-63.3 mm, and the maximum relative horizontal deformation is 5mm, so that the requirement of accurate positioning can be met. The maximum stress ratio of the structure in hoisting is 0.209<0.75, and the requirement is met. And (3) performing overall stability analysis in the structural hoisting by using the midas/gen, wherein the corresponding characteristic value of the mode 1 is 252>1, and the requirement is met.
(2) And (3) adopting midas/gen to carry out lifting stress and deformation analysis on the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit. During hoisting, the stress of the lifting hook is 34.5 tons, no horizontal force exists, the hook grabbing phenomenon does not exist, and the maximum internal force of the steel wire rope is 10.3 tons. The maximum vertical deformation is-12.7 mm, and the maximum relative horizontal deformation is 3mm, so that the requirement of accurate positioning can be met. The maximum stress ratio of the structure in hoisting is 0.139<0.75, and the requirement is met.
The construction process flow of the construction method of the large-span folded plate type steel roof truss comprises the following steps:
optimized design → component manufacturing and processing → field steel frame unit assembling, welding → reinforcing rod installation → whole roof truss hoisting, in-place welding → air assembly unit hoisting, welding → anticorrosion coating.
The construction method comprises the following specific steps:
and S1, deepening design, namely, establishing a three-dimensional model of the steel roof truss by using Tekla software, establishing three-dimensional coordinates in the CAD, taking coordinate values, accurately lofting and accurately positioning.
The steel roof truss deepening design comprises detailed diagram design and optimization design, and deepening design is carried out on upper and lower chord members, straight web members, inclined web members, reinforcing nodes and mounting nodes of the roof truss; the roof steel frame chord member, web member connecting node and roof truss support connecting node are optimized.
S2, manufacturing and processing the member, and assembling an inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and a V-shaped steel frame unit on site.
An inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and a V-shaped steel frame unit are assembled on the site, the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit comprises an upper chord with the length of more than 40m, two lower chords with the length equal to that of the upper chord, a plurality of straight web members and a plurality of inclined web members, the V-shaped steel frame unit comprises a lower chord with the length of more than 40m, two upper chords with the same length as the lower chord, a plurality of straight web members and a plurality of inclined web members, an upper chord member and a lower chord member are firstly installed on a jig frame, starting points of the upper chord member and the lower chord member are positioned through control points at two ends of the end part of the ground, the upper chord member and the lower chord member are sequentially spliced, a positioning point of a vertical web member on the ground is vertically projected on the upper chord member and the lower chord member, the vertical web member and an inclined web member are sequentially spliced, after the upper chord member, the lower chord member, the vertical web member and the inclined web member are spliced, the splicing positions are welded in a penetrating way, then, supports are respectively arranged on the supports corresponding to the two end parts of the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and the regular V-shaped steel frame unit.
The upper chord member, the lower chord member, the straight web member and the inclined web member of the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and the regular V-shaped steel frame unit are all rectangular finished square tubes, and the members are cut according to a deepened design member drawing. The lengths of the upper chord and the lower chord are 40m arc shapes, the distance between the interface and the end edge of the part needing to be spliced of the upper chord and the lower chord is larger than 0.5m, and the seam is strictly forbidden in the range of 1m of the central line of the spliced rod piece. And (3) carrying out cold bending on the upper chord member and the lower chord member in a factory according to the radius of the roof steel frame, wherein all the welding connection positions of the members adopt machining grooves, the angle of the groove is 45 degrees, the truncated edge of the groove is 0-2mm, and the root gap of the groove is 6 mm.
S3, hoisting and mounting transverse reinforcing rod
In order to prevent the V-shaped steel frame unit and the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit from deforming in the hoisting process, the transverse reinforcing rods 9 are required to be respectively installed in the length directions of the V-shaped steel frame unit and the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit.
A crawler crane is adopted to hoist the transverse reinforcing rods, the transverse reinforcing rods are respectively installed in the length directions of the regular V-shaped steel frame unit and the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit, the transverse reinforcing rods are fixedly connected with two straight web rods of the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and the regular V-shaped steel frame unit, and the distance between two adjacent transverse reinforcing rods 9 is 10-12 m.
The stress analysis of the transverse reinforcing rod shows that the maximum stress of the rod is 6.75 tons, the rod is phi 180 x 8, the material Q235B is selected, the stress ratio is only 0.105<1, and the safety requirement is met.
The transverse reinforcing rod is connected with an inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and a regular V-shaped steel frame unit by adopting common bolts, and the connection mode is that each node is connected by adopting 4M 20 common bolts. Each bolt can bear 6.86 tons, and the safety factor is 6.86 x 4/6.75-4, which can meet the requirement.
S4, inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and regular V-shaped steel frame unit
Hoisting an inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and a regular V-shaped steel frame unit, welding, before hoisting the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and the regular V-shaped steel frame unit, projecting a welding central line of a support 10 on a pillar to a connecting position of the pillar supported by a roof truss and a cross beam corresponding to the support by using a total station, and snapping a cross ink line to position and use when the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and the regular V-shaped steel frame unit are hoisted in place. During the hoisting process, a reflective patch is stuck to the middle position of the end part of the middle chord of the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and the regular V-shaped steel frame unit, and is monitored by a total station to control the position of the axis and the elevation of the steel frame unit in place. After the adjustment is in place, the support connecting nodes, the plurality of straight web members and the plurality of inclined web members of the aerial assembly units are subjected to tack welding, and welding materials used for the tack welding are consistent with welding materials specified in a welding process card.
Hoisting sequence
The method comprises the steps of hoisting a 1# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit by a crawler crane, lifting off the ground to be not more than 0.1m after hoisting, observing and measuring the vertical deformation condition of the roof truss, preliminarily adjusting the height difference of the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit by a chain block according to the height difference of the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit in a drawing, and hoisting after measuring the deformation in a calculation range and adjusting the height difference of two end parts. When lifting by crane to the mounted position, carry out accurate difference of height adjustment to the roof truss support through the chain block according to roof truss support position difference of height, adopt the total powerstation to carry out space location to the roof truss support position, slowly the hook falls to four supports of inverted lambda-shaped steel frame unit and is done all can the atress completely, supports four roof trusses and carries out the tack weld simultaneously again, and four roof truss supports carry out the tack weld simultaneously through four groups of welders, can unhook after accomplishing.
A2 # regular V-shaped steel frame unit is hoisted by a crawler crane, and the steps before hoisting are the same as those of a 1# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit. When the lifting device is lifted to an installation position, the accurate height difference adjustment is carried out on the roof truss support through the chain block according to the height difference of the roof truss support position and the elevations of the two upper chords, the total station is adopted to carry out space positioning on the two supports of the roof truss support and the end parts of the four upper chords of the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit, the two supports slowly fall to be completely stressed, the two supports are simultaneously positioned and welded with the connecting positions of the cross beam and the supporting column body of the roof truss support, two groups of welders fully weld the connecting points of the two supports and the roof truss support structure as soon as possible, and before the straight web members are not connected between the 2# right V-shaped steel frame unit and the 1# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit, the 2# right V-shaped steel frame unit is always lifted by the crawler crane.
A plurality of straight web members are hoisted and welded in sequence by adopting a tower crane, a 1# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and a 2# regular V-shaped steel frame unit are connected into a whole so as to ensure the stability of the 2# regular V-shaped steel frame unit, and the hook is taken off after the completion.
And (3) circularly hoisting the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit, hoisting the regular V-shaped steel frame unit 4, and then performing welded connection between the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit 1, the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit 3 and the regular V-shaped steel frame unit 4 by utilizing the straight web rods of the aerial scattered assembly units.
Respectively hoisting a 5# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and a 6# regular V-shaped steel frame unit, and welding and connecting the 3# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit, the 5# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and the 6# regular V-shaped steel frame unit by utilizing a straight web rod of the aerial scattered assembly unit.
Respectively hoisting a 7# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and an 8# regular V-shaped steel frame unit, and welding and connecting the 5# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit, the 8# regular V-shaped steel frame unit and the 7# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit by utilizing a straight web rod of an aerial scattered assembly unit.
Hoisting the 9# regular V-shaped steel frame unit, and performing welded connection between the 7# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and the 9# regular V-shaped steel frame unit by utilizing the straight web rods of the aerial loose assembly units.
Hoisting 10# half inverted V-shaped steel frame units, welding and connecting the straight web members between the 9# regular V-shaped steel frame units and the 10# half inverted V-shaped steel frame units, hoisting the residual straight web members until all installation and welding are completed, and forming the folded plate type steel roof truss into a whole.
Hoisting a middle inverted V-shaped steel frame unit, wherein all inverted V-shaped steel frame units are provided with 4 supports connected with a pillar and a cross beam, the supports are connected and welded to be in a stable state after unhooking, after the regular V-shaped steel frame units are hoisted and adjusted to be in place, welding 5 straight web rods connecting the inverted V-shaped steel frame units and the regular V-shaped steel frame units as soon as possible, and uniformly distributing the straight web rods along the supporting length of the roof truss to ensure that the regular V-shaped steel frame units are stable after unhooking.
Welding construction
And after positioning, fully welding the connecting points of the support and the roof truss support and the connecting points of the straight web rods, wherein all welding seams are penetration welds, and the grade of the welding seams is a secondary welding seam. The first layer of welding bead is to seal the joint between the base material and the backing plate inside the groove, and then gradually and gradually weld layer by layer until the groove is filled, after each welding seam is welded, welding slag and splashes must be removed, welding defects are timely ground and repaired, and the base material outside the groove cannot be ignited and arc-ignited during welding. The common defects of arc welding include poor weld formation, undercut, incomplete penetration, incomplete fusion, pores, cracks, slag inclusion and the like. And (4) carrying out flaw detection according to the requirement of 20% of the number of the welding seams, and carrying out anticorrosive coating after the detection is qualified.
Anticorrosive coating
All components have the derusting grade not lower than Sa2.5 grade and the surface roughness of Rz 30-75 mu m. According to the requirement of the project, steel components produced in a factory are subjected to shot blasting for rust removal, electric tools are used for rust removal at field assembly welding positions, the surface of the steel subjected to rust removal is free of visible grease and dirt, and is free of attachments such as scale, rust and paint layers which are not firmly attached, the rust removal grade is more thorough than that of St2, and the surface of the exposed part of the substrate is provided with metallic luster. The coating operation is carried out as soon as possible after shot blasting rust removal, generally not more than 4 hours, the aerial coating adopts a manual coating mode, after one-time paint coating is finished, before next-time paint coating is carried out, whether the specified coating interval time is reached must be confirmed, otherwise, the coating cannot be carried out. The longest exposure time of the primer and the intermediate paint is not more than 7 days, and if the longest coating interval time is exceeded, the coating is carried out again, the previous paint needs to be polished into a fine rough surface by fine sand paper and then is coated. Before the next paint is coated, the surface of the coated part should be thoroughly cleaned of dirt such as oil, mud, dust and the like. Generally, the method can be water washing, cloth wiping or solvent cleaning. To ensure that the components are clean, dry and the primer is not damaged.
The embodiments of the invention that are illustrated in the drawings are exemplary only and should not be taken as limiting the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A construction method of a large-span folded plate type steel roof truss comprises a roof truss support, a plurality of right V-shaped steel frame units, a plurality of inverted V-shaped steel frame units and an air assembling unit, wherein the roof steel frame integral in a folded plate shape is formed by the right V-shaped steel frame units, the inverted V-shaped steel frame units and the air assembling unit, the roof truss support is a rectangular roof truss support formed by a plurality of columns, a cross beam is fixed on a pillar of one long side of the roof truss support, the pillars of the two long sides of the roof truss support are provided with a height difference, the right V-shaped steel frame units comprise a lower chord, two upper chords, a plurality of straight web members and a plurality of inclined web members, the inverted V-shaped steel frame units comprise an upper chord, two lower chord, a plurality of straight web members and a plurality of inclined web members, the lengths of the upper chord and the lower chord are greater than 40 meters and are arc-shaped, and the air assembling unit comprises a plurality of straight web members and inclined web members; the method is characterized in that:
the construction method of the large-span folded plate type steel roof truss adopts a V-shaped steel frame unit and an inverted V-shaped steel frame unit which are machined on the ground, integrally hoists the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and hoists an air assembly unit, and carries out air assembly technology between the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit by utilizing the air assembly unit;
the construction method comprises the following specific steps:
s1 optimization design
Carrying out optimization design on an upper chord member, a lower chord member, a straight web member, an inclined web member, a reinforcing node, an installation node, an upper chord member, a lower chord member, a straight web member connecting node and a roof truss supporting connecting node of the large-span folded plate type steel roof truss, establishing a large-span folded plate type steel roof truss three-dimensional model by using Tekla software, establishing a three-dimensional coordinate in CAD (computer aided design) and taking a coordinate value, accurately setting out a sample, and accurately positioning;
s2, assembling an inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and a V-shaped steel frame unit on site;
an inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and a regular V-shaped steel frame unit are assembled on the ground, the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit comprises an upper chord with the length of more than 40m, two lower chords with the same length as the upper chord, a plurality of straight web members and a plurality of inclined web members, the V-shaped steel frame unit comprises a lower chord with the length of more than 40m, two upper chords with the same length as the lower chord, a plurality of straight web members and a plurality of inclined web members, an upper chord member and a lower chord member are firstly installed on a jig frame, starting points of the upper chord member and the lower chord member are positioned through control points at two ends of the end part of the ground, the upper chord member and the lower chord member are sequentially spliced, a positioning point of a vertical web member on the ground is vertically projected on the upper chord member and the lower chord member, the vertical web member and an inclined web member are sequentially spliced, after the upper chord member, the lower chord member, the vertical web member and the inclined web member are spliced, the splicing positions are welded in a penetrating way, then, respectively installing supports on the supports corresponding to the two end parts of the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and the regular V-shaped steel frame unit;
s3, hoisting and mounting transverse reinforcing rod
A crawler crane is adopted to hoist a transverse reinforcing rod, the transverse reinforcing rods are respectively arranged in the length directions of a regular V-shaped steel frame unit and an inverted V-shaped steel frame unit, and the transverse reinforcing rods are fixedly connected with two straight web rods of the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and the regular V-shaped steel frame unit;
s4, hoisting inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and regular V-shaped steel frame unit, welding and hoisting sequence
Hoisting a 1# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit by using a crawler crane, lifting the ground to be not more than 0.1m after hoisting, observing and measuring the deformation condition of the 1# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit, preliminarily adjusting the height difference of the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit by using an inverted chain hoist according to the height difference of two ends of the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit in a drawing, hoisting the unit within a calculation range through measuring deformation and finishing the height difference adjustment of the two ends, performing accurate height difference adjustment on a roof truss support through the inverted chain hoist according to the height difference of the roof truss support position when hoisting the unit to an installation position, performing space positioning on the roof truss support position by using a total station, slowly hooking four supports at the two ends of the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit to be completely stressed, performing positioning welding on the four supports at the same time, and performing full welding on the four supports of the roof truss support through four groups of welders simultaneously, and detaching the hooks after the four supports are completed;
the method comprises the following steps that a 2# regular V-shaped steel frame unit is hoisted by a crawler crane, the same process as that of a 1# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit is carried out before hoisting, when the truss is hoisted to an installation position, accurate height difference adjustment is carried out on a roof truss support through a chain block according to the height difference of the roof truss support position and the elevations of two upper chord rods, a total station is adopted to carry out space positioning on two supports on two long side edges of the roof truss support and the end parts of the four upper chord rods of the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit, the two supports slowly fall to be hooked to the two supports on the two supports and are completely stressed, positioning welding is simultaneously carried out on the two supports and a roof truss support connection point, two groups of welders fully weld the two supports and the roof truss support as soon as possible, and before the 2# regular V-shaped steel frame unit and the 1# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit are not connected with a straight web rod, the crawler crane always lifts the 2# regular V-shaped steel frame unit;
a tower crane is adopted to sequentially hoist and weld a plurality of straight web members, a 1# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and a 2# regular V-shaped steel frame unit are connected into a whole to form a stable structure, and the hook of the crawler crane is removed after the stable structure is formed;
circulating the process sequence, hoisting a 3# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit, hoisting a 4# regular V-shaped steel frame unit, and then performing welded connection between the 1# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit, the 3# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and the 4# regular V-shaped steel frame unit by utilizing a straight web rod of an aerial scattered assembly unit;
respectively hoisting a 5# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and a 6# regular V-shaped steel frame unit, and welding and connecting the 3# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit, the 5# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and the 6# regular V-shaped steel frame unit by utilizing a straight web rod of an aerial assembly unit;
respectively hoisting a 7# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and an 8# regular V-shaped steel frame unit, and welding and connecting the 5# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit, the 8# regular V-shaped steel frame unit and the 7# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit by utilizing a straight web rod of an air bulk assembly unit;
hoisting a 9# regular V-shaped steel frame unit, and performing welding connection between a 7# inverted V-shaped steel frame unit and a 9# regular V-shaped steel frame unit by utilizing a straight web rod of an air bulk splicing unit;
hoisting 10# half inverted V-shaped steel frame units, welding and connecting the straight web members between the 9# regular V-shaped steel frame units and the 10# half inverted V-shaped steel frame units, hoisting the residual straight web members until all installation and welding are completed, and forming the folded plate type steel roof truss into a whole.
2. The construction method of the large-span folded plate type steel roof truss according to claim 1, wherein: the length directions of the V-shaped steel frame unit and the inverted V-shaped steel frame unit are respectively provided with a transverse reinforcing rod, and the distance between two adjacent transverse reinforcing rods is 10-12 m.
3. The construction method of the large-span folded plate type steel roof truss according to claim 1, wherein: the straight web members of the aerial assembly units are connected with a V-shaped steel frame unit and a V-shaped steel frame unit through bolts, and each node is connected with 4M 20 bolts.
4. The construction method of the large-span folded plate type steel roof truss according to claim 1, wherein: the height difference of the pillars of the two long sides of the roof truss support is 5-5.2 m.
5. The construction method of the large-span folded plate type steel roof truss according to claim 1, wherein: the crawler crane is a QUY360 crawler crane.
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