CN113150064B - Artificial synthesis method and application of antibacterial and insect-resistant peptide - Google Patents

Artificial synthesis method and application of antibacterial and insect-resistant peptide Download PDF

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CN113150064B
CN113150064B CN202110401764.1A CN202110401764A CN113150064B CN 113150064 B CN113150064 B CN 113150064B CN 202110401764 A CN202110401764 A CN 202110401764A CN 113150064 B CN113150064 B CN 113150064B
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刘秋云
何建国
翁少萍
杨凯
贺竹梅
高嘉阳
周艳超
戴丹玲
潘梦佳
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K2/00—Peptides of undefined number of amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/46—N-acyl derivatives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of biology, and particularly relates to an artificial synthesis method and application of antibacterial and insect-resistant peptide. The invention provides a synthetic method of D-type antibacterial and insect-resistant peptide, which comprises the following steps: s1, taking a proper amount of amino acid raw materials, adding peanut oil and phosphoric acid, and carrying out thermal polymerization reaction, wherein the volume ratio of the peanut oil to the phosphoric acid is 0-8; s2, taking out the polymer, washing with absolute ethyl alcohol, centrifuging, and drying to obtain D-type antibacterial and insect-resistant peptide; the amino acid raw materials are D-glutamic acid and D-lysine hydrochloride, or D-glutamic acid and L-proline, and the weight ratio of the D-glutamic acid to the L-proline is 2; the D-type antibacterial and insect-resistant peptide prepared by the synthesis method not only has high-efficiency and broad-spectrum bactericidal characteristics, but also can efficiently inhibit the growth and development of beet armyworms and has high-efficiency and insect-resistant characteristics; the antibacterial and insect-resistant peptide prepared by the method has extremely high industrial value and application potential in the aspects of inhibiting drug-resistant bacteria and drug-resistant pests, preparing novel antibiotics and novel insect-resistant medicaments and the like.

Description

Artificial synthesis method and application of antibacterial and insect-resistant peptide
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biology, and particularly relates to an artificial synthesis method and application of antibacterial and insect-resistant peptide.
Background
In recent years, due to the fact that inflammatory diseases caused by drug-resistant strains are increased due to long-term abuse of antibiotics, global public health safety is seriously influenced, the number of novel antibiotics successfully entering clinical application is gradually reduced, and the search of antibiotics substitutes is urgent. The antibacterial peptide has very important physiological action as one of the oldest defense mechanisms of organisms, can effectively kill bacteria, fungi, viruses and protists, and becomes an effective protective barrier for protecting hosts from being invaded by pathogens. The research has proved that the antibacterial peptide has the killing function to a plurality of drug-resistant bacteria, such as methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant enterococcus, multi-drug-resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa and mycobacteria, so the antibacterial peptide is expected to be used as a novel antibacterial drug to bring innovation to the clinical treatment of drug-resistant bacterial infection.
The antibacterial peptide has wide sources, and mainly comprises plants, insects, amphibians, human bodies and the like. However, the natural antibacterial peptide has lower potency, longer polypeptide sequence, higher production cost, sensitivity to protease degradation and high salt environment, possibility of hemolysis and cytotoxicity and the like. For example, chinese patent CN104945467A published on 9/30/2015 discloses a method for synthesizing artificial antibacterial peptide by using amino acid, vegetable oil and phosphoric acid, wherein the antibacterial peptide prepared by the method takes lysine, leucine, cysteine, arginine, glycine and serine as raw materials, and has the effects of resisting staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), aeromonas hydrophila (gift from zhujiang aquatic research institute), saccharomyces cerevisiae (INVSc 1), multidrug-resistant staphylococcus aureus Y5 and aspergillus flavus NRRL 3357. Although the prior art has disclosed a method for synthesizing an antimicrobial peptide using an amino acid, a vegetable oil and a phosphoric acid, only an antimicrobial peptide having a bacteriostatic function is produced using this method.
In addition to the development of resistance by strains of bacteria, resistance by pests due to abuse of pesticides is also a problem that needs to be solved and improved at present. In agricultural production practice, harm and insect damage caused by the strains often occur simultaneously, and the inhibition of the occurrence of the insect damage while inhibiting the microbial strains is an ideal mode for preventing and treating the harm and the insect damage of the strains. At present, no peptide capable of inhibiting bacteria and resisting insects is reported.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects of the existing drug-resistant strain resistant pest control mode and provides an artificial synthesis method and application of antibacterial and pest-resistant peptide. The D-type antibacterial and insect-resistant peptide is quickly synthesized by thermally polymerizing raw materials of D-glutamic acid and D-lysine hydrochloride or D-glutamic acid and L-proline with peanut oil and phosphoric acid, and the antibacterial and insect-resistant peptide prepared by the method not only has high-efficiency and broad-spectrum sterilization characteristics, but also can efficiently inhibit the growth and development of beet armyworms and has high-efficiency and insect-resistant characteristics; compared with antibiotics and pesticides, the compound has specificity.
The invention aims to provide a method for synthesizing D-type antibacterial and insect-resistant peptide.
The invention also aims to provide the application of the D-type antibacterial and insect-resistant peptide in preparing antibacterial and insect-resistant medicines.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical means:
a method for synthesizing D-type antibacterial and insect-resistant peptide comprises the following steps:
s1, taking a proper amount of amino acid raw materials, adding peanut oil and phosphoric acid, and carrying out thermal polymerization reaction, wherein the volume ratio of the peanut oil to the phosphoric acid is 0-8;
s2, taking out the polymer, washing with absolute ethyl alcohol, centrifuging, and drying to obtain D-type antibacterial and insect-resistant peptide;
the amino acid raw materials are D-glutamic acid and D-lysine hydrochloride, or D-glutamic acid and L-proline, and the weight ratio of the D-glutamic acid to the L-proline is 2.
Preferably, the thermal polymerization is oven polymerization at 150 ℃ for 4h.
Preferably, the volume ratio of the peanut oil to the phosphoric acid is 8.
Preferably, the centrifugation speed is 6000rpm,5min.
Preferably, the drying is oven drying at 60 ℃ for 2h.
The antibacterial and insect-resistant peptide prepared by the synthesis method is also within the protection scope of the invention.
The application of the antibacterial and insect-resistant peptide in preparing antibacterial and insect-resistant medicines is also within the protection scope of the invention.
Preferably, the antibiotic is antibacterial.
Preferably, the insect is spodoptera exigua.
Further preferably, the bacteria comprise staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Experiments show that the antibacterial and insect-resistant peptide can interact with cell membranes to change the permeability of the membranes. After the antibacterial and insect-resistant peptide acts with cell membranes, transmembrane potential is formed, acid-base balance is broken, osmotic pressure balance is influenced, and respiration is inhibited; in addition, the antibacterial and insect-resistant peptide can also act on other targets in cells, and the specific binding with the targets in the cells can interfere with the cell metabolism, so that the aims of bacteriostasis and insect resistance are fulfilled.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The D-type antibacterial and insect-resistant peptide is quickly synthesized by thermally polymerizing the raw materials of D-glutamic acid and D-lysine hydrochloride or D-glutamic acid and L-proline, peanut oil and phosphoric acid.
(2) The antibacterial and insect-resistant peptide synthesized by the invention can be applied to the fields of hospital disinfection, agriculture, breeding industry and the like. The antibacterial and insect-resistant peptide also has antibacterial activity on multi-drug-resistant staphylococcus aureus Y5 and also has insect-resistant activity on beet armyworm with serious drug resistance, and solves the problem of prevention and treatment of drug-resistant bacteria and resistant insects in hospitals and agriculture at present.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the inhibition of the drug-resistant bacterium Staphylococcus aureus Y5 by different peptides according to example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows the inhibitory effect of D-type peptide on Ralstonia solanacearum at different concentrations in example 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the inhibitory effect of different concentrations of D-type peptide on Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC in example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are not intended to limit the invention in any way. Reagents, methods and apparatus used in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise indicated.
Unless otherwise indicated, reagents and materials used in the following examples are commercially available.
The following are the amino acid abbreviation codes, i.e., the one-letter symbols and the three-letter symbols of the amino acids, see Table 1.
TABLE 1 amino acid abbreviations
Figure BDA0003020601470000031
Amp: ampicillin.
Kana: kanamycin.
Example 1
Thermal polymerization method of type d peptide:
(1) The corresponding amino acids were formulated into 3g systems according to the formulation proportions (see table 1), with three replicates per formulation. 4.8ml of peanut oil and 0.6ml of phosphoric acid are added into every 3g of amino acid system, and after uniform mixing, the mixture is placed in an oven at 150 ℃ for thermal polymerization for 4 hours.
(2) Washing with anhydrous ethanol and centrifuging for three times at 6000rpm for 5min;
(3) Drying in an oven at 60 ℃ for 2h.
Table 1 formula of peptide type D of example 1
Serial number Recipe (w: w)
107 D-Glu:D-Lys hydrochloride＝2:1
109 D-Glu:L-Pro＝2:1
112 D-Lys hydrochloride:D-Asp:L-Thr＝1:1:8
2. Inhibition zone experiment of D-type peptide
S1, preparing a culture medium, and sterilizing the culture medium and a culture dish.
S2, culturing the staphylococcus aureus Y5 and determining Colony Forming Units (CFU).
S3, melting the solid culture medium by a microwave oven, cooling to about 50 ℃, adding the drug-resistant bacterium staphylococcus aureus Y5 obtained by culturing the S2 and measuring the CFU, and enabling the concentration of the bacterium liquid to reach 1 x 10 6 And (4) mixing the components per ml, and pouring the mixture into a culture dish.
S4, preparing a peptide solution and a control solution:
peptide group: 2mg peptide dissolved in 45. Mu.l water
(1) Alcohol group with acid and oil (also called "with acid and oil group"): 2mg of amino acid raw material is dissolved in 41.4. Mu.l of water + 0.4. Mu.l of phosphoric acid + 3.2. Mu.l of peanut oil;
(2) With acid or without oil: 2mg of the amino acid starting material was dissolved in 44.6. Mu.l of water + 0.4. Mu.l of phosphoric acid;
(3) The acid-free oil group: 2mg of amino acid raw material is dissolved in 41.8 mul of water and 3.2 mul of peanut oil;
(4) Acid-free and oil-free: 2mg of amino acid material was dissolved in 45. Mu.l of water;
control group:
(5) Peptone has acid and oil groups: 2mg of peptone dissolved in 41.4. Mu.l water + 0.4. Mu.l phosphoric acid + 3.2. Mu.l peanut oil;
(6) Peptone acid-free and oil-free: 2mg of peptone dissolved in 45. Mu.l of water;
(7) Peanut oil group: 41.8 mul water +3.2 mul peanut oil;
(8) Phosphoric acid group: 44.6. Mu.l water + 0.4. Mu.l phosphoric acid.
S5, after cooling the culture medium in the step S3, punching holes by using a puncher with the diameter of 5mm, adding 45 mu l of each group of S4 solution into each hole, arranging an ampicillin and sterile water control group, adding 5 mu l of 100mg/ml ampicillin solution and 40 mu l of sterile water into each ampicillin control hole, and adding 40 mu l of sterile water into a blank control hole.
S6, placing the culture dish of the S5 at a constant temperature of 37 ℃ for overnight culture for 14h, observing whether a bacteriostatic circle exists or not, measuring the diameter of the bacteriostatic circle, and taking a picture for recording. The inhibition of s.aureus Y5 by the different peptides is shown in figure 1; the zone diameters (without pore size) are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 diameter of zone of inhibition (pore diameter not included)
Figure BDA0003020601470000051
As can be seen from Table 2, the peptides obtained by polymerizing amino acids with different formulas, phosphoric acid and peanut oil simultaneously have obvious inhibiting effect on Staphylococcus aureus Y5; the antibacterial effect of the formula with the amino acid D-glutamic acid D-lysine hydrochloride as 2 (serial number: 107) is optimal, the antibacterial effect of the formula with the amino acid D-glutamic acid L-proline as 2 (serial number 109) is superior to that of the formula with the amino acid D-lysine hydrochloride D-aspartic acid L-threonine as 1; the bacteriostatic effect of the acid and oil containing group is better than that of the acid and oil free or oil-free group.
Example 2 MIC assay of type D peptides against different bacteria under Low salt and Low protein concentration Medium conditions
1. Experimental Material
Peptide: 107, 109 and 112 in example 1, specifically 107-1, 107-2, 107-3, 109-1, 109-2, 109-3, 112-1, 112-2 and 112-3;
concentration: 0.25,0.125,0.0625mg/ml.
Strain: ralstonia solanacearum, pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC.
LSLP medium formulation: sodium chloride, 0.0001%; 0.05 percent of yeast powder; peptone, 0.1%.
2. Preparation of early stage of experiment
(1) Activating bacteria: firstly activating the preserved bacteria, streaking after activation, adding a single colony into 5ml of LB liquid culture medium, performing shake culture until the OD value reaches about 0.6 (37 ℃,220 r/min), connecting the single colony to the solid LB culture medium, performing plate coating counting, and preserving the bacteria liquid at 4 ℃ for MIC experiment.
(2) Diluting the bacterial liquid with sterile water to 10 deg.C 6 cfu/ml, 50. Mu.l of diluted bacterial liquid is added into a 96-well plate to make the final concentration of bacterial liquid reach 5X 10 5 cfu/ml (for the pyocyanic group, bacteria were diluted with LSLP medium).
(3) Thermal polymerization of type D peptides: the same as in example 1.
(4) The D-form peptide was diluted to a concentration of 0.25,0.125,0.0625mg/ml using LSLP medium.
Determination of the Activity of the D-form peptide
Peptide experimental group: 50. Mu.l of the bacterial suspension + 50. Mu.l of the peptide (peptide diluted with LSLP medium);
peptide control group: 50 μ l peptide +50 μ l LSLP liquid medium;
control group 1:50 mul of bacterial liquid and 50 mul of LSLP culture medium;
control group 2:100 μ l of LSLP medium;
control group 3:50 mul of bacterial liquid and 50 mul of Amp solution;
control group 4: 50. Mu.l of the bacterial suspension + 50. Mu.l of Kana solution.
Adding each group of samples, culturing at 37 deg.C for 20h, measuring with photoabsorption microplate reader to 492nm, statistically analyzing with excel to obtain data OD492nm, and calculating survival rate with the following formula of OD492nm value for each group to obtain histogram. The inhibition rates of D-type peptides with different concentrations on pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC are shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 respectively.
Survival% = 100: (peptide experimental group-peptide control group)/(control group 1-control group 2)
Inhibition% = 100-survival rate
This example uses 3 concentrations of antimicrobial peptide, 107raw,109raw as the control of the raw material treated at room temperature without heat polymerization, 112 as the negative control. As can be seen from fig. 2 and 3, 112 has no bacteriostatic activity, and the 112 polymeric peptide has a significant promoting effect on the growth of ralstonia solanacearum; 107 and 109 have stronger bacteriostatic activity under the concentration of 0.25mg/ml, and the bacteriostatic rate on pseudomonas aeruginosa reaches more than 80 percent.
EXAMPLE 3 Effect of D-type peptides on spodoptera exigua
1. Experimental materials: beet armyworm, disposable lunch box, gauze, tweezers and insect feed.
2. Raising beet noctuids
(1) Larval rearing conditions were 27 ℃, dark: light (D: L) = 14;
(2) Irradiating disposable lunch boxes or culture dishes for raising larvae for at least 30min under ultra-clean bench ultraviolet;
(3) Carefully placing 25 insect larvae of less than 3 years (body length <1 cm) in a petri dish with tweezers (sterilized) for rearing;
(4) Baking and sterilizing the feed on an alcohol lamp by using a cutter, cutting the feed into slices with the thickness of about 2mm, slightly drying the slices near the alcohol lamp after the feed is cut off if the feed is wet, and placing the slices in culture dishes, wherein about 3 to 4 pieces of feed are placed in each culture dish;
(5) The growth of the larvae is observed every day, the feed is added, and the feces are cleaned or the culture dish is replaced with a new one.
Effect experiment of D-type peptide on beet armyworm
(1) Selecting larvae of 3 th to 4 th (about 1 cm) age, independently standing for starvation for about 6h, and observing the larvae at any time.
(2) Mixing the D-type peptide polymer with feed, adding the mixture to the bottom of a 6-hole plate, continuously observing for a period of time, and counting the death rate of the beet armyworms; the experimental and control groups were designed as follows:
experimental groups: the acid has oil, and the peptide concentration is 1mg/10 μ l
No. 107: 50 μ l of each well, three in parallel, three worms in total;
no. 109: 50 μ l of each well, three in parallel, three worms in total;
control group: peptides were replaced with sterile water, 50 μ l per well, three in parallel, for a total of three worms.
The statistical results of the mortality of beet armyworm are shown in Table 3. The pupation rate and the moth-killing rate of the beet armyworms acted by the D-type peptides of the two formulas are shown in the table 4.
TABLE 3 statistical results of beet armyworm mortality
Figure BDA0003020601470000071
Table 4 statistics results of pupation rate and moth dissolution rate of beet armyworm acted by two formula D-type peptides
Numbering Number of pupae Pupa formation rate (%) Number of moth Moth formation Rate (%)
107 1 33.3 1 33.3
109 1 33.3 0 0
Control group 3 100 3 100
The results show that the two D- type peptides 107 and 109 prepared by the invention have high-efficiency insect-resistant property.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such modifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. The application of the antibacterial and insect-resistant peptide in preparing the insect-resistant medicament is characterized in that the synthesis method of the antibacterial and insect-resistant peptide comprises the following steps:
s1, taking a proper amount of amino acid raw materials, adding peanut oil and phosphoric acid, and carrying out thermal polymerization reaction, wherein the volume ratio of the peanut oil to the phosphoric acid is 8;
s2, taking out the polymer, washing with absolute ethyl alcohol, centrifuging, and drying to obtain the antibacterial and insect-resistant peptide;
the amino acid raw materials are D-glutamic acid and L-proline, and the weight ratio of the D-glutamic acid to the L-proline is 2;
the thermal polymerization reaction is carried out for 4 hours at 150 ℃;
the insect is beet armyworm.
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