CN113143199B - Strabismus inspection equipment - Google Patents

Strabismus inspection equipment Download PDF

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CN113143199B
CN113143199B CN202110479257.XA CN202110479257A CN113143199B CN 113143199 B CN113143199 B CN 113143199B CN 202110479257 A CN202110479257 A CN 202110479257A CN 113143199 B CN113143199 B CN 113143199B
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strabismus
pupil
eye
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center
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CN113143199A (en
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杜煜
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Shanghai Qingyan Technology Co ltd
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Shanghai Qingyan Technology Co ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/02—Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient
    • A61B3/08—Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient for testing binocular or stereoscopic vision, e.g. strabismus
    • A61B3/085—Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient for testing binocular or stereoscopic vision, e.g. strabismus for testing strabismus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/0016—Operational features thereof
    • A61B3/0041—Operational features thereof characterised by display arrangements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/0091—Fixation targets for viewing direction

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Abstract

The present invention provides a strabismus inspection apparatus characterized by comprising: a visual target; an image capturing and processing module comprising at least 2 near infrared cameras and at least 2 near infrared light sources for continuously capturing images of the eye area; a pupil midline calculation module; and after the strabism display measurement module calculates the alpha and beta, if the alpha and beta are not equal, the strabism display measurement module judges that strabism display exists. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the examination process is rapid and convenient, the time of doctors and examined persons can be saved, and the examination result is objectively and quantitatively determined, so that the method is not only suitable for adults, but also suitable for children and infants.

Description

Strabismus inspection equipment
Technical Field
The invention relates to strabismus inspection equipment, and belongs to the technical field of ophthalmic medical equipment.
Background
Strabismus is a common disease of the eye. If the strabismus patient cannot diagnose and treat in time in childhood, the appearance is attractive after adult, and visual dysfunction such as amblyopia, compound vision, confusion vision and the like is easy to cause.
The currently common methods of strabismus examination in clinic are the cover test (cover test) or the corneal mapping test (Hirschberg test).
The main process of the covering method inspection is as follows: the patient looks at the sighting target, and the doctor covers the single eye of the examined person by using the eye shielding plate to observe whether the eyeballs of the opposite eyes move or not; then, the mask is removed, and whether the eyeballs of the eyes to be masked after the mask is removed are moved or not is observed. Or covering one eye with an eye shield, rapidly moving to the other eye, repeating for a plurality of times, and observing whether the eyeball moves. If the degree of strabismus is required to be quantitatively measured, a prism with different degrees is also required to be matched with a covering method for inspection. The masking method requires repeated operations by a doctor for many times, and requires the doctor to visually observe the eye movements of the subject, which is time-consuming. Meanwhile, the testee needs to keep matching for a long time, and if the testee is a young child, the smooth and accurate completion is difficult.
The main process of corneal specular examination is: and (3) enabling the subject to look at the point light source, judging whether strabismus or not by a doctor according to the position of the cornea reflecting point of the subject to deviate from the pupil center, and estimating strabismus degree. The disadvantage of corneal mapping is that it is not accurate enough and may lead to erroneous decisions.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is that: a quick and effective squint inspection apparatus is provided.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a strabismus inspection apparatus, comprising:
A visual target;
An image capturing and processing module comprising at least 2 near infrared cameras and at least 2 near infrared light sources for continuously capturing images of the eye area; the image shooting and processing module further comprises an image processing function, and the image processing function is used for carrying out image processing calculation on the shot image of the area; when a left eye image is shot, the image shooting and processing module obtains a left eye pupil center three-dimensional coordinate and a left eye cornea reflecting point center three-dimensional coordinate through an image processing function; when the right eye image is shot, the image shooting and processing module obtains the center three-dimensional coordinate of the pupil of the right eye and the center three-dimensional coordinate of each cornea reflecting point of the right eye through an image processing function; the relative positions of the image shooting and processing module and the sighting target are known;
The pupil center line calculation module is used for calculating the center three-dimensional coordinates of the pupil of the left eye and the center three-dimensional coordinates of the reflection points of each cornea of the left eye to obtain a pupil center line of the left eye; calculating the center three-dimensional coordinates of the pupil center of the right eye and the center three-dimensional coordinates of each cornea reflecting point of the right eye to obtain a pupil center line of the right eye;
The strabismus display measurement module enables the eyes of the testee to see the optotype, so that the testee can watch the optotype; setting the center P l of the pupil of the left eye as a starting point, and setting the ray pointing to the external direction of the eyeball along the centerline of the pupil of the left eye as P l U; setting the center P l of the pupil of the left eye as a starting point, and setting the ray pointing to the direction of the position C of the visual target as P l C; define +.alpha.: the corner with the left eye pupil center P l as the vertex, the ray P l U as the initial side and the ray P l C as the final side; setting the center P r of the pupil of the right eye as a starting point, and setting the ray pointing to the external direction of the eyeball along the centerline of the pupil of the right eye as P r V; setting the center P r of the pupil of the right eye as a starting point, and setting the ray pointing to the direction of the position C of the visual target as P r C; define +.beta.as: the right eye pupil center P r is taken as a vertex, the ray P r V is taken as a starting side, and the ray P r C is taken as a final side; after the strabism display measurement module calculates the angle alpha and the angle beta, if the sizes of the angle alpha and the angle beta are not equal, the strabism display measurement module judges that strabism display exists.
Preferably, the device further comprises a head three-dimensional coordinate system measuring module, and a head three-dimensional coordinate system is established by recognizing the characteristic points of the head and calculating the three-dimensional space coordinates of the characteristic points, wherein an X coordinate axis is the left-right direction of the head, a Y coordinate axis is the up-down direction of the head, a Z coordinate axis is the front-back direction of the head, and an origin is at any point of the left-right symmetry plane of the head;
The strabism display measurement module obtains the projection of the angle alpha on the XZ plane in the three-dimensional coordinate system of the head, namely the angle theta 1, and obtains the projection of the angle alpha on the YZ plane in the three-dimensional coordinate system of the head The strabism display measurement module obtains the projection of the angle beta on the XZ plane in the three-dimensional coordinate system of the head, namely the angle theta 2, and obtains the projection of the angle beta on the YZ plane in the three-dimensional coordinate system of the headThe strabism display measurement module compares the directions of the angle theta 1 and the angle theta 2 or compares/>And/>If the directions of ++θ 1 and ++θ 2 are not opposite, or/>And/>If the directions are not the same, the strabismus display measurement module judges that strabismus display exists.
Preferably, the device further comprises a head three-dimensional coordinate system measuring module, and a head three-dimensional coordinate system is established by recognizing the characteristic points of the head and calculating the three-dimensional space coordinates of the characteristic points, wherein an X coordinate axis is the left-right direction of the head, a Y coordinate axis is the up-down direction of the head, a Z coordinate axis is the front-back direction of the head, and an origin is at any point of the left-right symmetry plane of the head;
The strabism display measurement module obtains the projection of the angle alpha on the XZ plane in the three-dimensional coordinate system of the head, namely the angle theta 1, and obtains the projection of the angle alpha on the YZ plane in the three-dimensional coordinate system of the head The strabism display measurement module obtains the projection of the angle beta on the XZ plane in the three-dimensional coordinate system of the head as the angle theta 2, and obtains the projection of the angle beta on the YZ plane in the three-dimensional coordinate system of the head asThe strabism display measurement module compares the angle theta 1 with the angle theta 2 or compares/>And/>If the angles theta 1 and theta 2 are not the same and opposite, or if/>And/>If the display angles are not the same in size and the same in direction, the display strabismus measuring module judges that the display strabismus exists.
Preferably, the device also comprises a head bilateral symmetry plane measuring module for measuring a three-dimensional plane equation of the head bilateral symmetry plane;
A straight line passing through the center P l of the pupil of the left eye and being perpendicular to the left-right symmetry plane of the head and the left-right symmetry plane of the head intersect at a point W l, a straight line P l-Wl is taken as a straight line passing through the center P l of the pupil of the left eye and a point W l, a plane is determined by the straight line P l-Wl and the pupil midline of the left eye, the plane is defined as a left plane, and the left plane is obtained by the strabismus display measurement module; define +.theta l as: taking the center P l of the pupil of the left eye as a vertex, taking a ray P l U as a starting edge, and taking the projection of a ray P l C on a left plane as a final edge angle, and obtaining the angle theta l by a strabismus display measurement module; definition of the definition The method comprises the following steps: the angle with the pupil center P l of the left eye as the vertex, the projection of the ray P l C on the left plane as the initial edge and the ray P l C as the final edge is obtained by the strabismus display measurement moduleA straight line passing through the center P r of the pupil of the right eye and being perpendicular to the left-right symmetry plane of the head and the left-right symmetry plane of the head intersect at a point W r, wherein the straight line P r-Wr is a straight line passing through the center P r of the pupil of the right eye and a point W r, a plane is determined by the straight line P r-Wr and the pupil midline of the right eye, the plane is defined as a right plane, and the strabismus display measurement module obtains the right plane; define +.theta r as: taking the pupil center P r of the right eye as a vertex, taking a ray P r V as a starting edge, taking the projection of a ray P r C on a right plane as a final edge angle, and obtaining the angle theta r by a strabismus display measurement module; definition/>The method comprises the following steps: the angle with the pupil center P r of the right eye as the vertex, the projection of the ray P r C on the right plane as the initial edge and the ray P r C as the final edge shows the strabismus measuring module to obtain/>The strabism display measurement module compares the angle theta l with the angle theta r or compares/>And/>If the directions of the terms θ l and θ r are not opposite, or if/>And/>If the directions are not the same, the strabismus display measurement module judges that strabismus display exists.
Preferably, the device also comprises a head bilateral symmetry plane measuring module which can measure a three-dimensional plane equation of the head bilateral symmetry plane;
A straight line passing through the center P l of the pupil of the left eye and being perpendicular to the left-right symmetry plane of the head and the left-right symmetry plane of the head intersect at a point W l, a straight line P l-Wl is taken as a straight line passing through the center P l of the pupil of the left eye and a point W l, a plane is determined by the straight line P l-Wl and the pupil midline of the left eye, the plane is defined as a left plane, and the strabismus display measuring module obtains the left plane; define +.theta l as: taking the center P l of the pupil of the left eye as a vertex, taking a ray P l U as a starting edge, and taking the projection of a ray P l C on a left plane as a final edge angle, and obtaining the angle theta l by a strabismus display measurement module; definition of the definition The method comprises the following steps: the angle with the pupil center P l of the left eye as the vertex, the projection of the ray P l C on the left plane as the initial edge and the ray P l C as the final edge is obtained by the strabismus display measurement moduleA straight line passing through the center P r of the pupil of the right eye and being perpendicular to the left-right symmetry plane of the head and the left-right symmetry plane of the head intersect at a point W r, the straight line P r-Wr is a straight line passing through the center P r of the pupil of the right eye and a point W r, a plane is determined by the straight line P r-Wr and the pupil midline of the right eye, the plane is defined as a right plane, and the strabismus display measurement module obtains the right plane; define +.theta r as: taking the pupil center P r of the right eye as a vertex, taking a ray P r V as a starting edge, taking the projection of a ray P r C on a right plane as a final edge angle, and obtaining the angle theta r by a strabismus display measurement module; definition/>The method comprises the following steps: the angle with the pupil center P r of the right eye as the vertex, the projection of the ray P r C on the right plane as the initial edge and the ray P r C as the final edge shows the strabismus measuring module to obtain/>The strabism display measurement module compares the angle theta l with the angle theta r or compares/>And/>If the angles theta l and theta r are not the same, the directions are opposite, or if/>AndIf the directions are not the same, the strabismus measuring module judges that strabismus exists.
Preferably, the strabismus display measurement module is further used for judging strabismus eyes: setting eyes A and B respectively, and enabling the eyes B to see the visual target and the eyes A to not see the visual target when the strabismus display measurement module judges that strabismus display exists; in the process that the eye of the person to be checked changes from the binocular fixation target to the B-eye monocular fixation target, if the strabismus display measurement module detects that the pupil midline of the B-eye moves, the strabismus display measurement module judges that the B-eye is strabismus; and if the strabismus display measurement module detects that the pupil midline of the eye B does not move in the process, the strabismus display measurement module judges that the eye A is the strabismus.
Preferably, the strabismus measuring module is further configured to calculate strabismus degree and strabismus direction:
one of the eyes is known as strabismus eye, and the other eye is known as non-strabismus eye;
If the strabismus display measurement module judges that the left eye is strabismus: let the projection of the < beta > on the XZ plane in the three-dimensional coordinate system of the head be < theta 2, and the projection of the YZ plane in the three-dimensional coordinate system of the head be The strabismus-displaying measurement module takes the left eye pupil center P l as a rotation center, rotates a ray P l U along a plane parallel to an XZ plane according to the direction opposite to the direction of the angle theta 2 by the same size as the angle theta 2, and obtains a ray P l U'; then, the strabismus-displaying measurement module takes the pupil center P l of the left eye as a rotation center, and then rays P l U' are processed along a plane parallel to the YZ plane according to the sum/>Same direction rotation and/>Angles of the same magnitude result in rays P l U'; the oblique viewing measurement module obtains an angle which takes the center P l of the pupil of the left eye as a vertex, takes a ray P l U' as a starting edge and takes a ray P l C as a final edge, namely an oblique viewing angle, wherein the size of the oblique viewing angle is the oblique viewing angle, and the direction of the oblique viewing angle is the oblique viewing direction;
If the strabismus display measurement module judges that the right eye is a strabismus eye: let the projection of the < alpha > on the XZ plane in the three-dimensional coordinate system of the head be < theta 1, and the component of the YZ plane in the three-dimensional coordinate system of the head be The strabismus-displaying measurement module takes the pupil center P r of the right eye as a rotation center, rotates a ray P r V along a plane parallel to an XZ plane according to the direction opposite to the direction of the angle theta 1 by the same size as the angle theta 1, and obtains a ray P r V'; then, the strabismus-displaying measurement module takes the pupil center P r of the right eye as a rotation center, and then rays P r V' are processed along a plane parallel to the YZ plane according to the sum/>Same direction rotation and/>Angles of the same magnitude, resulting in rays P r V'; the oblique viewing angle measurement module obtains an angle with the pupil center P r of the right eye as a vertex, the ray P r V' as a starting edge and the ray P r C as a final edge, namely an oblique viewing angle, wherein the size of the oblique viewing angle is the oblique viewing angle, and the direction of the oblique viewing angle is the oblique viewing direction.
Preferably, the strabismus measuring module is also used for calculating strabismus degree;
one of the eyes is known as strabismus eye, and the other eye is known as non-strabismus eye;
Let the projection of the < beta > on the XZ plane in the three-dimensional coordinate system of the head be < theta 2, and the projection of the YZ plane in the three-dimensional coordinate system of the head be The strabismus-displaying measurement module takes the left eye pupil center P l as a rotation center, rotates a ray P l U along a plane parallel to an XZ plane according to the direction opposite to the direction of the angle theta 2 by the same size as the angle theta 2, and obtains a ray P l U'; then, the strabismus-displaying measurement module takes the pupil center P l of the left eye as a rotation center, and then rays P l U' are processed along a plane parallel to the YZ plane according to the sum/>Same direction rotation and/>Angles of the same magnitude result in rays P l U'; the strabism display measurement module calculates the included angle between the ray P l U' and the ray P l C as the strabismus degree;
or the projection of the < alpha > on the XZ plane in the three-dimensional coordinate system of the head is set as < theta 1, and the component of the YZ plane in the three-dimensional coordinate system of the head is set as The strabismus-displaying measurement module takes the pupil center P r of the right eye as a rotation center, rotates a ray P r V along a plane parallel to an XZ plane according to the direction opposite to the direction of the angle theta 1 by the same size as the angle theta 1, and obtains a ray P r V'; then, the strabismus-displaying measurement module takes the pupil center P r of the right eye as a rotation center, and then rays P r V' are processed along a plane parallel to the YZ plane according to the sum/>Same direction rotation and/>Angles of the same magnitude, resulting in rays P r V'; and the strabism display measurement module calculates the included angle between the ray P r V' and the ray P r C as the strabismus degree.
Preferably, the strabismus measuring module is further used for calculating strabismus degree and strabismus direction;
one of the eyes is known as strabismus eye, and the other eye is known as non-strabismus eye;
If the strabismus displaying measurement module judges that the left eye is strabismus, the strabismus displaying measurement module rotates a ray P l U along the left plane by an angle which is the same as the angle theta r in the direction opposite to the angle theta r to obtain a ray P lU1; then, the strabismus-displaying measuring module takes the pupil center P l of the left eye as a rotation center, and then the ray P lU1 is processed according to the sum along the direction perpendicular to the left plane Same direction rotation and/>Angles of the same magnitude result in rays P lU2; the oblique viewing measurement module obtains an angle which takes the center P l of the pupil of the left eye as a vertex, takes a ray P lU2 as a starting edge and takes a ray P l C as a final edge, namely an oblique viewing angle, wherein the size of the oblique viewing angle is the oblique viewing angle, and the direction of the oblique viewing angle is the direction of oblique viewing;
If the strabismus displaying measurement module judges that the right eye is a strabismus, the strabismus displaying measurement module rotates a ray P r V along a left plane by an angle which is the same as the angle theta l in the direction opposite to the angle theta l to obtain a ray P rV1; then, the strabismus-displaying measuring module takes the pupil center P r of the right eye as a rotation center, and then the ray P rV1 is processed according to the sum along the direction perpendicular to the right plane Same direction rotation and/>Angles of the same magnitude result in rays P rV2; the strabismus display measurement module obtains an angle with the pupil center P r of the right eye as a vertex, the ray P rV2 as a starting edge and the ray P r C as a final edge, namely, the angle is a strabismus angle, the size of the strabismus angle is the strabismus angle, and the direction of the strabismus angle is the strabismus direction.
Preferably, the strabismus measuring module is further used for calculating strabismus degree;
one of the eyes is known as strabismus eye, and the other eye is known as non-strabismus eye;
The strabism display measurement module rotates a ray P l U along a left plane in the direction opposite to the direction of the angle theta r by the same angle as the angle theta r to obtain a ray P lU1; then, the strabismus-displaying measuring module takes the pupil center P l of the left eye as a rotation center, and then the ray P lU1 is processed according to the sum along the direction perpendicular to the left plane Same direction rotation and/>Angles of the same magnitude result in rays P lU2; the strabism display measurement module calculates the included angle between the ray P lU2 and the ray P l C as the strabismus degree;
Or the strabism-displaying measuring module rotates the ray P r V along the left plane in the direction opposite to the direction of the angle theta l by the same angle as the angle theta l to obtain a ray P rV1; then, the strabismus-displaying measuring module takes the pupil center P r of the right eye as a rotation center, and then the ray P rV1 is processed according to the sum along the direction perpendicular to the right plane Same direction rotation and/>Angles of the same magnitude result in rays P rV2; and the strabism display measurement module calculates the included angle between the ray P rV2 and the ray P r C as the strabismus degree.
Preferably, the position of the optotype is fixed;
The system comprises a visual target, a visual target detection module, an image shooting and processing module, a visual target detection module and a visual target detection module, wherein the visual target detection module is used for detecting the visual target of a person to be detected, and the visual target detection module is used for detecting the visual target of the person to be detected; if the strabismus measuring module judges that the pupil midline of the eye A moves and the pupil midline of the eye B does not move in the shielding process, the strabismus measuring module judges that the strabismus exists, and the strabismus degree of the strabismus is the rotation angle of the pupil midline of the eye A.
Preferably, the visual target display device further comprises a display module capable of displaying the visual target, wherein the display position of the visual target is fixed, and the display module is switched between the following three display modes:
Display mode one: displaying the optotype visible to both eyes;
display mode two: displaying the optotype visible only to the left eye;
display mode three: displaying the optotype visible only to the right eye;
the strabismus display measurement module is further used for judging strabismus eyes, the display module works in a first display mode and displays visual targets visible to both eyes, and if the strabismus display measurement module judges that strabismus display exists, the visual targets displayed by the display module are switched from the first display mode to a second display mode, the positions of the visual targets are unchanged, and a person to be inspected keeps looking at the visual targets; the image shooting and processing module detects pupil midlines of two eyes of a detected person in real time, and if the display strabismus measuring module judges that the pupil midlines of the two eyes of the detected person are not moved in the process of switching from the first display mode to the second display mode, the right eye is judged to display strabismus; if the display strabismus measuring module judges that the pupil center lines of the two eyes of the detected person are moved in the process of switching from the first display mode to the second display mode, judging that the left eye displays strabismus;
Or the optotype displayed by the display module is switched from the first display mode to the third display mode, and the position of the optotype is unchanged, so that the testee keeps looking at the optotype; the image shooting and processing module detects pupil midlines of two eyes of a detected person in real time, and if the pupil midlines of the two eyes of the detected person are not moved in the process of switching from the first display mode to the third display mode, the strabismus display measuring module judges that the left eye displays strabismus; if the strabismus display measurement module judges that the pupil center lines of the two eyes of the detected person are moved in the process of switching from the first display mode to the third display mode, the strabismus display module judges that the right eye strabismus display;
The system also comprises a strabismus measuring module, and if the strabismus measuring module does not measure that the checked person has strabismus, the strabismus measuring module is operated;
The sighting target displayed by the display module is switched from the first display mode to the second display mode, the position of the sighting target is unchanged, and the testee keeps looking at the sighting target; the image shooting and processing module detects pupil midlines of two eyes of a detected person in real time, and if the cryptoscopic measuring module judges that the pupil midlines of the two eyes of the detected person are not moved in the process of switching from the first display mode to the second display mode, the cryptoscopic measuring module judges that the cryptoscopic is not present; if the left eye pupil midline of the detected person does not move and the right eye pupil midline of the detected person moves in the process of switching from the first display mode to the second display mode, judging that the left eye pupil midline of the detected person has the strabismus, wherein the strabismus degree of the strabismus is the rotation angle of the right eye pupil midline;
or the optotype displayed by the display module is switched from the first display mode to the third display mode, and the position of the optotype is unchanged, so that the testee keeps looking at the optotype; the image shooting and processing module detects pupil midlines of two eyes of a detected person in real time, and if the cryptoscopic measuring module judges that the pupil midlines of the two eyes of the detected person are not moved in the process of switching from the first display mode to the third display mode, the cryptoscopic measuring module judges that the cryptoscopic is not present; if the left eye pupil midline of the examinee does not move in the process of switching from the first display mode to the third display mode, the strabismus measurement module judges that the left eye pupil midline of the examinee moves, and the strabismus measurement module judges that strabismus exists, wherein the strabismus degree of the strabismus is the angle of rotation of the left eye pupil midline.
Preferably, the display module is a display device capable of displaying two different wavelengths of visible light, or a naked eye 3D display device, or a polarization display device, or a shutter display device.
Preferably, the optotype is a light which emits light.
Preferably, the optotype is a white light-emitting lamp;
The visual camera is positioned at a position close to the visual target distance, and when the eyes of the testee watch the visual target during the strabismus display inspection, the visual camera is synchronously used for photographing the eyes.
Preferably, the optotype is three closely arranged lamps, wherein one lamp can emit white light, one lamp can emit visible light with the wavelength of lambda 1, and one lamp can emit visible light with the wavelength of lambda 2, and lambda 1 is not equal to lambda 2;
The optical filter also comprises two optical filters, wherein the left optical filter can transmit visible light and near infrared light with the wavelength lambda 1, and the right optical filter can transmit visible light and near infrared light with the wavelength lambda 2.
Preferably, a distance sensor is further included for prompting the distance between the strabismus examination device and the subject in real time.
Preferably, the strabismus inspection device is a portable handheld device; the number of the near infrared cameras is 2, and the near infrared cameras are symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side of the strabismus inspection equipment; the number of the near infrared light sources is 2, and the near infrared light sources are symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side of the strabismus inspection.
Preferably, the strabismus inspection equipment is portable handheld strip equipment, and the optotype is positioned at the midpoint of the strabismus inspection equipment; the number of the near infrared cameras is 2, and the near infrared cameras are distributed on two sides of the strabismus inspection equipment and have the same distance with the midpoint of the strabismus inspection equipment; the number of the near infrared light sources is 2, and the near infrared light sources are distributed on two sides of the strabismus inspection equipment and have the same distance with the midpoint of the strabismus inspection equipment; the optotype, the 2 near infrared cameras and the 2 near infrared light sources are distributed on the same straight line.
Preferably, the strabismus inspection device is a head-mounted device, and at least two near infrared cameras and at least two near infrared lamps are arranged near the left eye, so that the left eye can be shot; at least two near infrared cameras and at least two near infrared lamps are arranged near the right eye, so that the right eye can be shot; the head-mounted device may measure the relative position of the optotype in real time.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the examination process is rapid and convenient, the time of doctors and examined persons can be saved, and the examination result is objectively and quantitatively determined, so that the method is not only suitable for adults, but also suitable for children and infants.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the positions of the components of the apparatus in the first embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the relative positional relationship of a display, 2 cameras, 2 light sources, and left and right eyes in the first embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional spatial positioning principle of a dual camera system on pupil centers;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of pupil centerline calculation;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the visual axis and pupil midline of a subject with no apparent strabismus, with both eyes looking at the optotype;
FIG. 6 (a) is a schematic view of the visual axis and pupil midline of a subject with left eye oblique vision when both eyes look at the optotype;
fig. 6 (b) is a schematic view of +.α and +.β when the subject's eyes look at the optotype with the left eye looking obliquely;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of determining whether there is a strabismus by comparing the direction of < alpha > and < beta >;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a portable handheld strabismus inspection apparatus including a beacon light;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a portable hand-held squint inspection device having three vision lamps.
Detailed Description
The application will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples. It is to be understood that these examples are illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Furthermore, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made by one skilled in the art after reading the teachings of the present application, and such equivalents are intended to fall within the scope of the application as defined in the appended claims.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the strabismus inspection apparatus provided in this embodiment includes a optotype, an image capturing and processing module, a pupil centerline calculating module, and a strabismus measuring module. Wherein the optotype is displayed on the display 1. The system also comprises an electronic computer 2, and an image processing algorithm of the image shooting and processing module 7, a pupil center line calculating module and a strabismus measuring module are all programs running on the electronic computer 2.
In this embodiment, the image capturing and processing module 7 includes 2 near infrared cameras, namely, a left camera 3 and a right camera 4, and further includes 2 near infrared LED point light sources with a light emission wavelength of 940nm, namely, a left light source 5 and a right light source 6, which are located outside the near infrared cameras. The image shooting and processing module 7 is positioned below the display 1, and the camera and the light source are arranged in the shell. The relative positions between the 2 near infrared cameras, the 2 near infrared light sources are fixed and known. The relative position between the image capturing and processing module 7 and the display 1 in this embodiment is fixed and known, and the size and dimensions of the display 1 are known. The relative positional relationship of the left camera 3, the right camera 4, the left light source 5, the right light source 6, the left eye 8, and the right eye 9 in the image capturing and processing module 7 is shown in fig. 2.
The specific steps of the operation of the equipment are as follows:
Taking a subject with strabismus as an example, the left eye is strabismus and the right eye is non-strabismus. Strabismus, also known as dominant strabismus, is a deviation of the eye position that cannot be controlled by the fusion mechanism. The subject sits in front of the apparatus disclosed in this embodiment with the eyes facing the display 1. The visual target C is displayed on the display 1, and is a small dot, and is located in the center of the display 1, and is visible to both eyes of the subject. Let the subject look at the optotype C.
(II) calculating the left eye pupil midline and the right eye pupil midline by using a pupil midline calculation module
Two near infrared cameras in the image capture and processing module 7 can capture images containing the eye area. The binocular camera system constituted by the left camera 3 and the right camera 4 can perform calculation of three-dimensional space coordinates based on parallax information of the same object.
As shown in fig. 3, taking a three-dimensional space coordinate P r (X, Y, Z) calculation method of the pupil center P r of the right eye as an example, the three-dimensional space coordinate uses the optical center E of the left camera 3 as an origin, a line where a line EI connecting the optical center of the left camera 3 to the optical center of the right camera 4 is located is an X-axis, a line where the optical axis EH of the left camera 3 is located is a Z-axis, and the Y-axis is perpendicular to an XZ plane (not shown in this figure). The distance between the left camera 3 and the right camera 4 is T, F is the center of the imaging plane of the left camera 3, and J is the center of the imaging plane of the right camera 4. The imaging point of the pupil center P r of the right eye on the left camera 3 is G and the imaging point on the right camera 4 is K. Because the imaging plane dimensions of the camera are known, the X-axis distance of a certain imaging point from the center of the imaging plane is easy to calculate. The distance between the G point and the F point on the projection in the X axis direction is GF, and the distance between the K point and the J point on the projection in the X axis direction is JK.
Let ef=ij=f.
Equation ① and equation ② are derived from the similar triangle principle as follows:
Since equations ① and ② have only two unknowns, x and z, the other values GF, JK, f, T are known, and so can be solved:
similarly, the Y-axis coordinate Y of the right-eye pupil center P r can be obtained from the distance (Δy) between the imaging point of the right-eye pupil center P r and the Y-axis direction of the imaging plane center:
Thus, the three-dimensional coordinates P r (x, y, z) of the pupil center P r of the right eye are calculated. The same method can calculate the three-dimensional space coordinates of the pupil center P l of the left eye
The outer side of the pupil has a spherical cornea surface. The external surface of the cornea of the human eye is regarded as a convex mirror, and a virtual image is formed on the other side of the convex mirror by reflecting the point light source through the convex mirror. Based on the principle of optical imaging it is known that the position of the virtual image is determined by the position of the light source and the convex mirror, independently of the position of the observer (i.e. independently of the position of the camera). In addition, a space straight line formed by connecting the point light source and the virtual image passes through the sphere center of the sphere where the convex mirror is positioned.
As shown in fig. 4, when the subject looks at the optotype C, taking the right eye as an example, based on the optical principle of the convex mirror reflection imaging of the point light sources and the binocular vision principle, the three-dimensional space positions of the two near infrared point light sources are set to be R 1 and R 2, and the line connecting the three-dimensional space positions of the two near infrared reflection point virtual images of the outer surface of the cornea to the line connecting the R 1 ' and the R 2'.R1-R1 ' and the R 2-R2 ' can be calculated to intersect at the spherical center O c of the sphere where the outer surface of the cornea is located. In addition, three-dimensional coordinates of the pupil center P r of the right eye have been measured in the previous step. The three-dimensional straight line connecting the right eye pupil center P r and the sphere center O c is the right eye pupil midline.
The same method can calculate and obtain the three-dimensional space coordinates of the center P l of the pupil of the left eye and the three-dimensional linear equation of the centerline of the pupil of the left eye.
(III) judging whether strabismus is displayed or not by using strabismus display measurement module
As shown in fig. 5, the left and right eye visual axes are indicated by solid lines, the left and right eye pupillary midlines are indicated by broken lines, and if one person has no strabismus, both the left and right eye visual axes will intersect with point C when both eyes see the visual target C. The pupil midline is the axis of symmetry of the eyeball. The visual axis of the eyeball and the pupil midline of most people do not completely coincide, and the included angle between the pupil midline and the visual axis is Kappa angle (Kappa angle is zero if the visual axis and the pupil midline completely coincide). According to the principle of physiological symmetry of both eyes, the left eye Kappa angle and the right eye Kappa angle are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction (opposite direction means that if the relative rotation direction of the pupil midline and the visual axis of one eye is clockwise when seen from above, the relative rotation direction of the pupil midline and the visual axis of the other eye is counterclockwise).
As shown in fig. 6 (a), since the subject in the present embodiment is left-eye strabismus, the right-eye is not strabismus, when both eyes of the subject simultaneously look at the optotype C, the right-eye visual axis intersects with the position where the optotype C is located, whereas since the left-eye is strabismus, the straight line where the left-eye visual axis is located cannot intersect with the position where the optotype C is located, and the left-eye visual axis intersects with the display plane at the point D; the left eye pupil midline and the display plane intersect at point U and the right eye pupil midline and the display plane intersect at point V. Since the relative positions of the left and right cameras in the image capturing and processing module and the optotype C are known, the three-dimensional space coordinates of the optotype C are known. As shown in fig. 6 (b), a ray directed to the outside of the eyeball along the center line of the pupil of the left eye is P l U, starting from the center P l of the pupil of the left eye; setting the center P l of the pupil of the left eye as a starting point, and setting the ray pointing to the direction of the position C of the visual target as P l C; define +.alpha.: the corner with the left eye pupil center P l as the vertex, ray P l U as the starting edge, and ray P l C as the ending edge. Setting the center P r of the pupil of the right eye as a starting point, and setting the ray pointing to the external direction of the eyeball along the centerline of the pupil of the right eye as P r V; setting the center P r of the pupil of the right eye as a starting point, and setting the ray pointing to the direction of the position C of the visual target as P r C; define +.beta.as: the angle with the right eye pupil center P r as the vertex, ray P r V as the starting edge, and ray P r C as the ending edge.
If neither eye of the subject shows strabismus, then the magnitude of +.alpha.and +.beta.are equal, both equal to the magnitude of Kappa angle. Therefore, if the magnitude of the < alpha > and the magnitude of the < beta > are not equal, the subject can be judged to have strabismus. Considering the errors of measurement and the presence of a certain degree of jitter in the eye itself, an angular threshold can be set, and an absolute value of the angular difference between the angle α and the angle β smaller than this angular threshold can be considered equal. The angular threshold may generally be set in a range between 1 deg. and 3 deg.. The present embodiment sets the angle threshold to 2 °. In this embodiment, from fig. 6 (b), the magnitude of the angle α of the subject is measured to be 12 °, the magnitude of the angle β is measured to be 5 °, and the absolute value of the angle difference is measured to be 7 °, which is larger than the angle threshold, so that it is determined that the subject has a marked strabismus.
For most strabismus patients, strabismus will result in the sizes of +.alpha.and +.beta.being unequal, but for some special cases, the sizes of +.alpha.and +.beta.for strabismus patients are equal. As shown in fig. 7, when one subject looks at the optotype C with both eyes, the left eye visual axis and the display plane intersect at the point D', and it is obvious that the left eye is strabismus, and the magnitude of +.α is exactly equal to +.β. Therefore, in order to further improve the accuracy of the strabismus display judgment, the invention can also judge whether strabismus display exists by comparing the directions of the +.alpha and the +.beta.
For example, one way to compare the +.alpha.and +.beta.directions is:
The device also comprises a head three-dimensional coordinate system measuring module, and a head three-dimensional coordinate system can be established by identifying the characteristic points of the head and calculating the three-dimensional space coordinates of the characteristic points. In this embodiment, the head three-dimensional coordinate system measurement module is a program running on the electronic computer 2, and performs three-dimensional spatial positioning on each feature point of the head of the subject by using a binocular camera formed by two near infrared cameras in the device, and the recognition of each feature point of the head can use a commonly used face recognition algorithm. The midpoint of the left eye temporal eye corner and the right eye temporal eye corner is taken as the origin of the three-dimensional coordinate system of the head, the direction of the origin pointing to the left eye temporal eye corner is taken as the X-axis direction of the three-dimensional coordinate system of the head, the direction of the origin pointing to the opposite direction of the midpoint of the chin is taken as the Y-axis direction, and the direction of the origin pointing to the front of the head perpendicular to the XY plane is taken as the Z-axis direction. The projection of the angle alpha on the XZ plane measured by the strabism display measurement module is the angle theta 1, and the projection of the angle alpha on the YZ plane is The projection of the angle beta on the XZ plane measured by the strabism display measurement module is the angle theta 2, and the projection of the angle beta on the YZ plane is the/>If the directions of the ++θ 1 and the ++θ 2 are not opposite, or/>And/>If the directions are not the same, it is judged that there is a strabismus. In this way, for the example of fig. 7, it can be measured that the XZ plane projection of +.α and the XZ plane projection of +.β are not in opposite directions, but in the same direction (the left-eye pupil midline is clockwise with respect to the left-eye visual axis, and the right-eye pupil midline is also clockwise with respect to the right-eye visual axis), and therefore, it can be determined that the subject has a strabismus.
In addition, the projection sizes and directions of the < alpha > and the < beta > on the XZ plane and the YZ plane can be compared at the same time. If the +.theta 1 and the +.theta 2 are not the same and the directions are opposite, orAnd/>If the directions are not the same, it is judged that there is a strabismus.
In this embodiment, the strabismus display measurement module may also determine which eye strabismus. When the checked person is in strabismus, if it is necessary to further judge which eye is strabismus, the doctor can make both eyes of the checked person watch the optotype, then shield any one eye with the eye shield which does not transmit visible light, and then observe whether the other non-shielded eye moves or not to judge. For example, the eyes of the subject are first allowed to watch the optotype, then the left eye is blocked, so that only the right eye can see the optotype, and if the right eye moves at the moment, the right eye is indicated to be a strabismus eye; if the right eye does not move, the left eye is indicated to be a strabismus eye. If the right eye is blocked, only the left eye can see the visual target, and if the left eye moves at the moment, the left eye is indicated to be a strabismus eye; if the left eye does not move, it indicates that the right eye is a strabismus eye. In addition to the doctor's naked eye observing whether the non-occluded eye moves, the image capturing and processing module 7 of the present apparatus may also determine whether the pupil center of the non-occluded eye moves, or determine whether the pupil midline of the non-occluded eye moves with the pupil midline calculation module. In this way, in the present embodiment, it can be determined that the strabismus eye of the subject is the left eye.
In this embodiment, the strabismus measuring module in the strabismus inspection apparatus may also calculate the strabismus degree and the strabismus direction. Because the left eye of the detected person is the strabismus eye, the component of the < beta > on the XZ plane of the three-dimensional coordinate system of the head is set as < theta 2, and the component on the YZ plane is set asLet the projection of < beta > on the XZ plane of the three-dimensional coordinate system of the head be < theta 2, and the projection of < beta > on the YZ plane of the three-dimensional coordinate system of the head be/>Taking the pupil center P l of the left eye as a rotation center, rotating the ray P l U along a plane parallel to XZ by an angle which is the same as the angle theta 2 in the direction opposite to the angle theta 2 (for example, a clockwise direction and a anticlockwise direction when the user looks from top to bottom), and obtaining a ray P l U'; then taking the pupil center P l of the left eye as the rotation center, and taking the ray P l U' along the plane parallel to YZ according to the sumThe same direction (e.g., clockwise as viewed from left to right or counter-clockwise) rotates and/>Angles of the same magnitude result in rays P l U'; the angle with P l as the vertex, ray P l U' as the starting edge, ray P l C as the final edge is the oblique angle, the size of the oblique angle is the oblique angle, and the direction of the oblique angle is the direction of oblique viewing. In this embodiment, ray PlC is directly to the right (nasal side) of ray PlU ", indicating that the patient is looking obliquely inward. According to the oblique angle and the distance of the sighting target, the angle unit can be converted into a corresponding prismatic degree unit.
For some cases, for example, the subject does not cooperate with shielding of a monocular for inspection due to young reasons, so that it is impossible to determine which eye is strabismus, and then the strabismus displaying measurement module can directly calculate strabismus. For example, let the projection of +.beta.on the XZ plane of the three-dimensional coordinate system of the head be +.theta 2 and the projection on the YZ plane of the three-dimensional coordinate system of the head beTaking the pupil center P l of the left eye as a rotation center, rotating the ray P l U along a plane parallel to XZ by an angle which is the same as the angle theta 2 in the direction opposite to the angle theta 2 (for example, a clockwise direction and a anticlockwise direction when the user looks from top to bottom), and obtaining a ray P l U'; then taking the left eye pupil center P l as a rotation center, and taking the ray P l U' along a plane parallel to YZ according to the sum/>The same direction (e.g., clockwise as viewed from left to right or counter-clockwise) rotates and/>Angles of the same magnitude result in rays P l U'; the angle with the pupil center P l as the vertex, ray P l U' as the starting edge, and ray P l C as the ending edge is the oblique visibility. In this way, since it is not known which eye is the strabismus eye, only the degree of strabismus can be calculated, and the strabismus direction cannot be determined.
It should be noted that, although the optotype used in the present embodiment is an image displayed on the display 1, the optotype may be used as the optotype used in the present apparatus as long as the relative positions of the optotype and the image capturing and processing module 7 are known. For example, the optotype may also be a printed or printed two-dimensional image; small objects, which may be three-dimensional; may be a lighted small light; may be a pattern projected by a projector. In addition, the sighting target image displayed by the display 1 can be a flickering image or an animation, so that the sighting target image can better attract the attention of young and motionless children; the display position of the sighting target image can also be moved, and the real-time position of the sighting target image can be controlled by a program on the device, so that the relative positions of the sighting target image and the image shooting and processing module 7 are known. The optotype can be displayed at different positions for strabismus examination in different directions; the whole mobile equipment can also be used for performing strabismus inspection in different directions; it is also possible to perform a strabismus examination in different orientations by rotating the subject's head. The device can also be portable small-sized device, the size of the device is similar to that of a tablet personal computer or a mobile phone, a miniaturized image shooting and processing module is integrated, a sighting target is displayed on a display screen, and an image processing algorithm of the image shooting and processing module, a pupil center line calculating module and a strabismus displaying measuring module are all programs running on the portable device.
Example two
The embodiment discloses a strabismus inspection device, which comprises a sighting target, an image shooting and processing module, a pupil midline calculating module and a strabismus displaying measuring module. The working principles and the embodiments of the optotype, the image shooting and processing module and the pupil center line calculating module are similar.
The device also comprises a head bilateral symmetry plane measuring module which can measure the three-dimensional plane equation of the head bilateral symmetry plane. The left and right symmetry planes of the head, also known as the median sagittal plane of the head, are symmetrical about the left and right symmetry planes. One way that measuring the left and right symmetry planes of the head may be used is to fix the subject's head with a head fixation device such that the heights of the left and right eyes are the same, and the distances between the midpoints of the left and right eyes and the 2 near infrared cameras in the image capturing and processing module are the same, and the 2 near infrared camera lines are parallel to the two eye lines. The left-right symmetry plane of the head is the middle vertical plane of the connecting line segments of the 2 near infrared cameras. It can also be measured by a binocular camera in the image capturing and processing module. For example, one calculation that may be used is: the binocular camera formed by two near infrared cameras in the device is used for carrying out three-dimensional space positioning on each characteristic point of the head of the detected person, and the identification of each characteristic point of the head can use a common face recognition algorithm. The center line of the connecting line segment of the left eye temporal corner and the right eye temporal corner is used as the left-right symmetry plane of the head.
The head bilateral symmetry plane measuring module can also measure the head bilateral symmetry plane through a binocular camera in the image shooting and processing module. For example, one calculation that may be used is: the head bilateral symmetry plane measuring module is a program running on a computer, and performs three-dimensional space positioning on each characteristic point of the head of the detected person through a binocular camera formed by two near infrared cameras in the image shooting and processing module, and the recognition of each characteristic point of the head can use a common face recognition algorithm. The center line of the connecting line segment of the left eye temporal corner and the right eye temporal corner is used as the left-right symmetry plane of the head.
Taking the subject with strabismus in the first embodiment as an example, the left eye is strabismus and the right eye is non-strabismus.
In the strabismus display measurement module, a straight line passing through the center P l of the pupil of the left eye and being perpendicular to the left-right symmetry plane of the head is arranged to intersect with the left-right symmetry plane of the head at a point W l, and the straight line P l-Wl is taken as a straight line passing through the center P l of the pupil of the left eye and a point W l, so that a plane is determined by the straight line P l-Wl and the pupil midline of the left eye, and the plane is defined as a left plane; define +.theta l as: the left eye pupil center P l is taken as a vertex, the ray P l U is taken as a starting edge, and the projection of the ray P l C on a left plane is taken as a final edge angle; definition of the definitionThe method comprises the following steps: the angle with the left eye pupil center P l as the vertex, the projection of ray P l C on the left plane as the starting edge, and ray P l C as the ending edge.
A straight line passing through the pupil center P r of the right eye and being perpendicular to the left-right symmetry plane of the head and the left-right symmetry plane of the head intersect at the point W r, the straight line P r-Wr is a straight line passing through the pupil center P r of the right eye and the point W r, and the straight line P r-Wr and the pupil center line of the right eye define a plane, which is defined as a right plane; define +.theta r as: the pupil center P r of the right eye is taken as a vertex, the ray P r V is taken as a starting edge, and the projection of the ray P r C on the right plane is taken as a final edge angle; definition of the definitionThe method comprises the following steps: the angle with the right eye pupil center P r as the vertex, the projection of ray P r C on the right plane as the starting edge, and ray P r C as the ending edge.
If the directions of the ++θ l and the ++θ r are not opposite, orAnd/>If the directions are not the same, it is judged that there is a strabismus.
Can also compare the magnitude and direction of the +.theta l and the +.theta r at the same time, if the +.theta l and the +.theta r are not the same magnitude but opposite directions, orAnd/>If the directions are not the same, it is judged that there is a strabismus.
According to the above steps, the squint display judging module of the device can judge that the subject is squint.
In this embodiment, the strabismus display measurement module may also determine which eye strabismus. The doctor can make the eyes of the testee watch the optotype first, then uses the eye shielding plate which does not transmit visible light to shield any one eye, then observes whether the other eye moves or not, and makes judgment. For example, the eyes of the subject are first allowed to watch the optotype, then the left eye is blocked, so that only the right eye can see the optotype, and if the right eye moves at the moment, the right eye is indicated to be a strabismus eye; if the right eye does not move, the left eye is indicated to be a strabismus eye. If the right eye is blocked, only the left eye can see the visual target, and if the left eye moves at the moment, the left eye is indicated to be a strabismus eye; if the left eye does not move, it indicates that the right eye is a strabismus eye. Besides the fact that whether the non-occluded eyes move or not is observed by naked eyes of a doctor, the image shooting and processing module of the device can also be used for judging whether the pupil center of the non-occluded eyes moves or not, or the pupil midline of the non-occluded eyes is judged to move or not by the pupil midline calculation module. In this way, in the present embodiment, it can be determined that the strabismus eye of the subject is the left eye.
In this embodiment, the strabismus measuring module in the strabismus inspection apparatus may also calculate the strabismus degree and the strabismus direction. The ray P l U is rotated along the left plane according to the direction opposite to the angle theta r (for example, a clockwise direction and a counterclockwise direction when seen from top to bottom) by the same angle as the angle theta r, and a ray P lU1 is obtained; then taking the pupil center P l of the left eye as a rotation center, and then taking the ray P lU1 along the direction perpendicular to the left plane according to the sumThe same direction (e.g., clockwise as viewed from left to right or counter-clockwise) rotates and/>Angles of the same magnitude result in rays P lU2; the left eye pupil center P l is taken as a vertex, the ray P lU2 is taken as a starting side, the ray P l C is taken as a final side angle as an oblique viewing angle, the size of the oblique viewing angle is the oblique viewing angle, and the direction of the oblique viewing angle is the direction of oblique viewing. For example, ray P l C is directly to the right (nasal side) of ray P lU2, indicating that the patient is looking obliquely inward. According to the oblique angle and the distance of the sighting target, the angle unit can be converted into a corresponding prismatic degree unit.
For some cases, for example, the subject does not cooperate with shielding of a monocular for inspection due to young reasons, so that it is impossible to determine which eye is strabismus, and then the strabismus displaying measurement module can directly calculate strabismus. For example, ray P l U is rotated along the left plane by the same angle as +.Theta r in a direction opposite to +.Theta r (e.g., clockwise when viewed from above and counterclockwise), resulting in ray P lU1; then taking the pupil center P l of the left eye as a rotation center, and then taking the ray P lU1 along the direction perpendicular to the left plane according to the sumThe same direction (e.g., clockwise as viewed from left to right or counter-clockwise) rotates and/>Angles of the same magnitude result in rays P lU2; the included angle between ray P lU2 and ray P l C is oblique.
Example III
Strabismus, also known as a latent strabismus, or a latent strabismus, is a potential eye deviation that can be controlled by a fusion mechanism, which occurs only when the fusion is broken. The device can perform the examination of the invisible squint besides the examination of the visible squint.
The embodiment discloses a strabismus inspection apparatus. The position of the sighting target display is fixed, and the sighting target display device also comprises an image shooting and processing module, a pupil midline calculating module, a strabismus displaying and measuring module and a strabismus hiding and measuring module. The system also comprises an electronic computer, wherein an image processing algorithm of the image shooting and processing module, a pupil center line calculating module, a strabismus measuring module and a strabismus measuring module are all programs running on the electronic computer. The working principles and the embodiments of the image processing algorithm of the image shooting and processing module, the pupil center line calculating module and the strabismus measuring module are similar.
If the strabismus display measurement module does not measure that the subject has strabismus display, the device operates the strabismus display measurement module. The eyes are respectively an eye A and an eye B, so that a person to be checked keeps looking at a sighting mark, then the eye A is shielded by a material which does not transmit visible light and can transmit near infrared light, an image shooting and processing module detects pupil central lines of the two eyes of the person to be checked in real time, and if the pupil central line of the eye A moves and the pupil central line of the eye B does not move in the shielding process, the condition that the concealed oblique vision exists is judged, and the oblique vision degree of the concealed oblique vision is the angle of rotation of the pupil central line of the eye A.
In this embodiment, the optotype is a white "+" character displayed in the center of the display, and the strabismus measuring module does not measure that the subject has strabismus according to the steps of the first embodiment or the second embodiment. The method comprises the steps that a testee keeps looking at a sighting target, a doctor covers the left eye of the testee by using a black acrylic eye shield which is not transparent to visible light but transparent to near infrared light, and in the covering process, an image shooting and processing module detects pupil midlines of two eyes of the testee in real time, and the measurement result is that the pupil midline of the left eye moves towards the temporal side, and the pupil midline of the right eye does not move. Therefore, the strabismus measuring module judges that the strabismus exists, the direction of the strabismus is external strabismus, and the angle of the strabismus is the angle of the left eye pupil midline rotation. The angle of the oblique view can also be converted into a triple prism.
Example IV
The embodiment discloses a strabismus inspection device, including the display module that can show the optotype, the position that the optotype shows is fixed, and the display module can switch between following three kinds of display modes:
display mode one: displaying visual targets visible to both eyes;
Display mode two: displaying a visual target visible only to the left eye;
display mode three: a visual target that is visible only to the right eye is displayed.
The system also comprises an image shooting and processing module, a pupil midline calculation module, a strabismus display measurement module and a strabismus hiding measurement module. The system also comprises an electronic computer, wherein an image processing algorithm of the image shooting and processing module, a pupil center line calculating module, a strabismus measuring module and a strabismus measuring module are all programs running on the electronic computer. The working principles and the embodiments of the image processing algorithm of the image shooting and processing module, the pupil center line calculating module and the strabismus measuring module are similar.
For example, the display module is a display, and the display may display only a green visual target, only a red visual target, or a white visual target. The subject wears a pair of red-green spectacles (left, right, and red), which are transparent to near infrared light. When a green visual target is displayed, only the left eye can see the visual target; when a red visual target is displayed, only the right eye sees the visual target; when a white visual target is displayed, the visual target is visible to both eyes.
The display module may also be a naked eye 3D display device, which may display a visual target visible only to the left eye, may display a visual target visible only to the right eye, and may display visual targets visible to both eyes.
The display module may also be a polarized display device, and the subject wears corresponding polarized glasses, and the polarized display device may display a visual target visible only to the left eye, may display a visual target visible only to the right eye, and may display visual targets visible to both eyes.
The display module may also be a shutter display device, and the subject wears corresponding shutter glasses, and the shutter display device may display a visual target visible only to the left eye, may display a visual target visible only to the right eye, and may display visual targets visible to both eyes.
In this embodiment, using a display capable of displaying green, red, and white optotypes, the steps of checking for strabismus and strabismus are:
First, the display displays a white optotype to make the eyes of the person watch the optotype. If the strabismus display measurement module judges that strabismus display exists, the optotype displayed by the display is switched from white to green, the position of the optotype is unchanged, and the testee keeps looking at the optotype. At this time, the subject wears the red-green glasses, so that only the left eye can see the green optotype, and the right eye cannot see the green optotype. The image shooting and processing module detects pupil midlines of two eyes of a subject in real time, and if the pupil midlines of the two eyes of the subject are not moved in the process of switching from the white optotype to the green optotype, the right eye is judged to display strabismus; if the pupil midline of both eyes of the tested person moves in the process of switching from the white optotype to the green optotype, the left eye is judged to display strabismus.
Or if the strabismus display measurement module judges that strabismus display exists, the optotype displayed by the display is switched from white to red, and the position of the optotype is unchanged, so that the testee keeps looking at the optotype. If the pupil midlines of the eyes of the tested person are not moved in the process of switching from the white optotype to the red optotype, judging that the left eye displays strabismus; and if the pupil midlines of both eyes of the tested person move in the process of switching from the white optotype to the red optotype, judging that the right eye displays strabismus.
And (II) if the display displays the white optotype, the strabismus display measurement module does not measure that the testee has strabismus display, and the device runs the strabismus display module. The sighting target displayed by the display is switched from white to green, and the sighting target position is unchanged, so that the testee keeps looking at the sighting target. The image shooting and processing module detects pupil midlines of two eyes of a subject in real time, and judges that no strabismus exists if the pupil midlines of the two eyes of the subject are not moved in the process of switching from the white optotype to the green optotype; and if the left eye pupil midline of the tested person does not move and the right eye pupil midline of the tested person moves in the process of switching from the white optotype to the green optotype, judging that the tested person has the strabismus. The strabismus degree of the strabismus is the angle of rotation of the right eye pupil midline in the process of switching the white optotype to the red optotype. The angle of the oblique view can be converted into a triple prism.
Or the optotype displayed by the display is switched from white to red, and the position of the optotype is unchanged, so that the testee keeps looking at the optotype. If the pupil midlines of the eyes of the examined person are not moved in the process of switching from the white optotype to the red optotype, judging that the invisible strabismus exists; if the pupil midline of the right eye of the subject does not move and the pupil midline of the left eye of the subject moves in the process of switching from the white optotype to the red optotype, judging that the subject has a strabismus, wherein the strabismus degree of the strabismus is the angle of rotation of the pupil midline of the left eye in the process of switching the white optotype to the red optotype. The angle of the oblique view can also be converted into a triple prism.
Example five
The embodiment discloses a strabismus inspection device, which comprises a sighting target, an image shooting and processing module, a pupil midline calculating module and a strabismus displaying measuring module.
For ease of portability by the physician, the strabismus examination device may be a portable, hand-held device. For example, the device may be flat, the number of near infrared cameras is 2, and the near infrared cameras are symmetrical left and right relative to the center line of the device; the number of the near infrared light sources is 2, and the near infrared light sources are bilaterally symmetrical relative to the center line of the equipment. The device may also be strip-shaped, as shown in fig. 8, with the optotype located at the midpoint of the device; the number of the near infrared cameras 11 is 2, and the near infrared cameras are bilaterally symmetrical relative to the midpoint of the equipment; the number of near infrared light sources 12 is 2, and the near infrared light sources are symmetrical left and right relative to the midpoint of the device. The optotype is aligned with the near-infrared camera 11 and the near-infrared light source 12. In this embodiment, the device is a portable handheld strip device, and the length is 20cm. Wherein the optotype is a white lamp, which is an LED lamp 10, and is positioned at the midpoint of the device.
The beacon light may also flash to draw the subject's attention while performing a strabismus examination.
The device may also include a visible light camera positioned in close proximity to the white LED lamp 10. When the device is used for oblique vision examination, when eyes of a detected person watch the visual target, the visible light camera can be synchronously used for photographing the eyes and storing the images. The photo is equivalent to the traditional cornea photo-mapping method, and can be used as a reference for diagnosis by doctors.
The device may also include a distance sensor for prompting the doctor or subject to examine within a suitable distance range. For example, if the distance required for examination is 33cm, the distance sensor can feed back whether the distance meets the requirement or not to the doctor in real time through voice prompt or display of distance information. The distance sensor can be used for measuring distance in a laser distance measuring mode, an ultrasonic distance measuring mode, a binocular camera optical distance measuring mode and the like.
The device may also include a handle for facilitating the holding of the doctor for examination.
The device can also comprise a USB interface, the device is connected with the computer through a USB wire, power is supplied through the USB, and images of the device are transmitted to the computer through the USB in real time for image processing, display and storage. The image processing algorithm of the image shooting and processing module, the pupil center line calculating module and the strabismus measuring module are programs running on a computer.
The device can also comprise an embedded computing module, wherein an image processing algorithm of the image shooting and processing module, a pupil midline computing module and a strabismus measuring module are programs on the embedded computing module. The wireless data transmission module is used for transmitting the result data measured by the equipment in real time. A battery is also included for powering the device.
The working principles and embodiments of an image processing algorithm of an image shooting and processing module, a pupil center line calculating module and a strabismus measuring module in the device are similar. Therefore, the device can detect whether the subject has strabismus, and if so, can judge which eye is strabismus, and the strabismus direction and strabismus degree. The equipment has small volume, convenient carrying and low cost, and is particularly suitable for rapid screening in hospitals, schools, communities, families and other occasions.
Example six
The embodiment discloses a strabismus inspection device, which comprises a sighting target, an image shooting and processing module, a pupil midline calculating module and a strabismus displaying measuring module. As shown in fig. 9, the optotype is three optotype lamps, namely a white lamp 13-1, a green lamp 13-2 and a red lamp 13-3, which are LED lamps, are closely arranged and are all located in the central position of the device. The other components of the device are similar to those of the fifth embodiment. In addition, a pair of red-green glasses (left, right and left) which can be worn by the testee is also provided, and the glasses can transmit near infrared light. In addition to the examination of the apparent squint, the apparatus of the present embodiment further includes a crouching squint measurement module that can perform the examination of the apparent squint. The checking steps are:
first, the white light on the device is turned on, and the other lights are turned off, so that the eyes of the testee watch the white light. If the strabismus display measurement module judges that strabismus display exists, the white lamp of the device is turned off, and meanwhile, the green lamp is turned on, so that the testee keeps looking at the sighting mark lamp. At this time, the examinee wears the red-green glasses, only the left eye can see the green light, and the right eye cannot see the green light. The image shooting and processing module detects pupil midlines of two eyes of a detected person in real time, and if the pupil midlines of the two eyes of the detected person are not moved in the process of switching from white light to green light, the right eye is judged to display strabismus; if the white light is switched to the green light, the pupil center lines of the two eyes of the detected person are moved, and the left eye is judged to display strabismus.
Or if the strabismus display measurement module judges that strabismus display exists, the white lamp of the device is turned off, and meanwhile, the red lamp is turned on, so that the testee keeps looking at the sighting mark lamp. If the pupil midlines of the eyes of the detected person are not moved in the process of switching from white light to red light, judging that the left eye displays strabismus; and if the pupil midlines of both eyes of the detected person move in the process of switching from white light to red light, judging that the right eye displays strabismus.
And (II) if the white light on the device is on, the strabismus display measurement module does not measure that the subject has strabismus display, and the device runs the strabismus display module. The device white light is turned off, and the green light is turned on at the same time, so that the testee keeps looking at the sighting mark light. The image shooting and processing module detects pupil midlines of two eyes of a detected person in real time, and if the pupil midlines of the two eyes of the detected person are not moved in the process of switching from white light to green light, the hidden strabismus is judged; if the left eye pupil center line of the tested person does not move and the right eye pupil center line of the tested person moves in the process of switching from the white light to the green light, judging that the tested person has the strabismus. The oblique vision degree of the invisible strabismus is the angle of rotation of the pupil midline of the right eye in the process of switching the white light to the red light. The angle of the oblique view can be converted into a triple prism.
Or the white lamp of the device is turned off, and the red lamp is turned on at the same time, so that the testee keeps looking at the sighting mark lamp. If the pupil center lines of the eyes of the detected person are not moved in the process of switching from white light to red light, judging that the invisible strabismus is not generated; if the right pupil midline of the detected person does not move and the left pupil midline moves in the process of switching from white light to red light, judging that the detected person has a strabismus, wherein the strabismus degree of the strabismus is the angle of rotation of the left pupil midline in the process of switching from white light to red light. The angle of the oblique view can also be converted into a triple prism.
Example seven
The apparatus disclosed in this embodiment is a head-mounted device, for example, a glasses-type device. The left eye is shot by two miniature cameras and two near infrared light sources on the left glasses frame, and the right eye is shot by two miniature cameras and two near infrared light sources on the right glasses frame, so that an image shooting and processing module is formed. In this embodiment, the optotype is a printed fixed-position pattern. The headset may measure the three-dimensional position of the target in real time, so the relative positions of the headset and the target in three-dimensional space are known.
The image processing algorithm of the image shooting and processing module, the pupil center line calculating module and the strabismus measuring module are programs running on a computer or an embedded system.
The eyes of the testee watch the optotype, by the binocular camera measuring method introduced in the first embodiment, the pupil center line of the left eye can be measured by the two miniature cameras and the two near infrared light sources on the left spectacle frame, and an equation of a ray P l U is calculated; because the head-mounted device can measure the three-dimensional position of the video mark, an equation of the ray P l C can be calculated; from ray P l U and ray P l C, we can get +.alpha.. Similarly, the pupil midline of the right eye can be measured through two miniature cameras and two near infrared light sources on the right glasses frame, and an equation of a ray P r V is calculated; because the head-mounted device can measure the three-dimensional position of the video mark, an equation of the ray P r C can be calculated; from ray P r V and ray P r C, we can get +.beta.s. If the magnitude of the angle alpha is not equal to the magnitude of the angle beta, judging that strabismus is displayed.
Whether strabismus exists or not can be judged by comparing the directions of the < alpha > and the < beta > and the projection sizes of different planes of the three-dimensional coordinate system of the head. The method comprises the steps that the midpoint of the head-mounted device is taken as the origin of a three-dimensional coordinate system of the head, the direction of the origin pointing to the left side of the head-mounted device is taken as the direction of the X axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system of the head, the direction of the origin pointing to the upper side of the head-mounted device is taken as the direction of the Y axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system of the head, and the direction of the origin pointing to the right front of the head-mounted device perpendicular to the XY plane is taken as the direction of the Z axis.
Let the projection of < alpha > on XZ plane be +.theta 1, the projection of < alpha > on YZ plane be +.thetaLet the projection of < beta > on XZ plane be +.theta 2, the projection of < beta > on YZ plane be/>If the directions of the ++θ 1 and the ++θ 2 are not opposite, or/>And/>If the directions are not the same, it is judged that there is a strabismus.
In addition, the projection sizes and directions of the < alpha > and the < beta > on the XZ plane and the YZ plane can be compared at the same time. If the +.theta 1 and the +.theta 2 are not the same and the directions are opposite, orAnd/>If the directions are not the same, it is judged that there is a strabismus.
The strabismus display measurement module can also judge which eyes are strabismus. The doctor can make the eyes of the examined person watch the optotype first, then shelter any one eye by using the eye shelter board which does not transmit visible light, and then observe whether the other non-shelter eye moves or not to judge. For example, the eyes of the subject are first allowed to watch the optotype, then the left eye is blocked, so that only the right eye can see the optotype, and if the right eye moves at the moment, the right eye is indicated to be a strabismus eye; if the right eye does not move, the left eye is indicated to be a strabismus eye. If the right eye is blocked, only the left eye can see the visual target, and if the left eye moves at the moment, the left eye is indicated to be a strabismus eye; if the left eye does not move, it indicates that the right eye is a strabismus eye. Besides the fact that whether the non-occluded eyes move or not is observed by naked eyes of a doctor, the image shooting and processing module of the device can also be used for judging whether the pupil center of the non-occluded eyes moves or not, or the pupil midline of the non-occluded eyes is judged to move or not by the pupil midline calculation module.
The device may also include a strabismus measurement module. And if the strabismus display measurement module does not measure that the subject has strabismus display, the strabismus display measurement module is operated. The method comprises the steps that any one eye is shielded by using an eye shielding plate which does not transmit visible light, the pupil midlines of two eyes of a tested person are detected in real time by an image shooting and processing module, and if the pupil midline of the eyes which are not shielded does not move in the shielding process, the pupil midline of the eyes which are shielded moves, then the tested person is judged to have the strabismus. The oblique vision degree of the strabismus is the angle of the rotation of the pupil midline of the eye which is shielded in the shielding process. The angle of the oblique view can also be converted into a triple prism.
The head-mounted device may be a Virtual Reality (VR), augmented Reality (AR), or the like.

Claims (12)

1. A strabismus inspection apparatus, comprising:
A visual target;
An image capturing and processing module comprising at least 2 near infrared cameras and at least 2 near infrared light sources for continuously capturing images of the eye area; the image shooting and processing module further comprises an image processing function, and the image processing function is used for carrying out image processing calculation on the shot image of the area; when a left eye image is shot, the image shooting and processing module obtains a left eye pupil center three-dimensional coordinate and a left eye cornea reflecting point center three-dimensional coordinate through an image processing function; when the right eye image is shot, the image shooting and processing module obtains the center three-dimensional coordinate of the pupil of the right eye and the center three-dimensional coordinate of each cornea reflecting point of the right eye through an image processing function; the relative positions of the image shooting and processing module and the sighting target are known;
The pupil center line calculation module is used for calculating the center three-dimensional coordinates of the pupil of the left eye and the center three-dimensional coordinates of the reflection points of each cornea of the left eye to obtain a pupil center line of the left eye; calculating the center three-dimensional coordinates of the pupil center of the right eye and the center three-dimensional coordinates of each cornea reflecting point of the right eye to obtain a pupil center line of the right eye;
The strabismus display measurement module enables the eyes of the testee to see the optotype, so that the testee can watch the optotype; setting the center P l of the pupil of the left eye as a starting point, and setting the ray pointing to the external direction of the eyeball along the centerline of the pupil of the left eye as P l U; setting the center P l of the pupil of the left eye as a starting point, and setting the ray pointing to the direction of the position C of the visual target as P l C; define +.alpha.: the corner with the left eye pupil center P l as the vertex, the ray P l U as the initial side and the ray P l C as the final side; setting the center P r of the pupil of the right eye as a starting point, and setting the ray pointing to the external direction of the eyeball along the centerline of the pupil of the right eye as P r V; setting the center P r of the pupil of the right eye as a starting point, and setting the ray pointing to the direction of the position C of the visual target as P r C; define +.beta.as: the right eye pupil center P r is taken as a vertex, the ray P r V is taken as a starting side, and the ray P r C is taken as a final side; after the strabism display measurement module calculates the angle alpha and the angle beta, if the sizes of the angle alpha and the angle beta are not equal, the strabism display measurement module judges that strabism display exists;
The head three-dimensional coordinate system measuring module is used for establishing a head three-dimensional coordinate system by recognizing the characteristic points of the head and calculating the three-dimensional space coordinates of the characteristic points, wherein an X coordinate axis is the left-right direction of the head, a Y coordinate axis is the up-down direction of the head, a Z coordinate axis is the front-back direction of the head, and an origin is at any point of the left-right symmetry plane of the head;
the strabism display measurement module obtains the projection of the angle alpha on the XZ plane in the three-dimensional coordinate system of the head, and obtains the projection of the angle alpha on the YZ plane in the three-dimensional coordinate system of the head The strabism display measurement module obtains the projection of the angle beta on the XZ plane in the three-dimensional coordinate system of the head as the angle theta 2, and obtains the projection of the angle beta on the YZ plane in the three-dimensional coordinate system of the head as/>The strabism display measurement module compares the angle theta 1 with the angle theta 2 or compares/>And/>If the angles theta 1 and theta 2 are not the same and opposite, or if/>And/>If the display strabismus is not the same in size and the same in direction, the display strabismus measuring module judges that the display strabismus exists;
The strabismus display measurement module is also used for judging strabismus eyes: setting eyes A and B respectively, and enabling the eyes B to see the visual target and the eyes A to not see the visual target when the strabismus display measurement module judges that strabismus display exists; in the process that the eye of the person to be checked changes from the binocular fixation target to the B-eye monocular fixation target, if the strabismus display measurement module detects that the pupil midline of the B-eye moves, the strabismus display measurement module judges that the B-eye is strabismus; if the strabismus display measurement module detects that the pupil midline of the eye B does not move in the process, the strabismus display measurement module judges that the eye A is a strabismus;
The strabismus display measurement module is also used for calculating strabismus degree and strabismus direction:
one of the eyes is known as strabismus eye, and the other eye is known as non-strabismus eye;
If the strabismus display measurement module judges that the left eye is strabismus: let the projection of < beta > on XZ plane in the three-dimensional coordinate system of head be < theta 2, and the projection of < beta > on YZ plane in the three-dimensional coordinate system of head be The strabismus display measurement module takes the left eye pupil center P l as a rotation center, rotates a ray P l U along a plane parallel to an XZ plane according to the direction opposite to the direction of the angle theta 2 by the same size as the angle theta 2, and obtains a ray P l U'; then, the strabismus-displaying measuring module takes the pupil center P l of the left eye as a rotation center, and then rays P l U' are processed along a plane parallel to the YZ plane according to the sum/>Same direction rotation and/>Angles of the same magnitude result in rays P l U'; the oblique viewing display measurement module obtains an angle which takes the center P l of the pupil of the left eye as a vertex, takes a ray P l U' as a starting edge and takes a ray P l C as a final edge, namely an oblique viewing angle, wherein the size of the oblique viewing angle is the oblique viewing angle, and the direction of the oblique viewing angle is the direction of oblique viewing;
If the strabismus display measurement module judges that the right eye is the strabismus eye: let the projection of < alpha > in the XZ plane of the three-dimensional coordinate system of the head be < theta 1, and the component of the YZ plane in the three-dimensional coordinate system of the head be The strabismus display measurement module takes the pupil center P r of the right eye as a rotation center, rotates a ray P r V along a plane parallel to an XZ plane according to the direction opposite to the direction of the angle theta 1 by the same size as the angle theta 1, and obtains a ray P r V'; then, the strabismus-displaying measuring module takes the pupil center P r of the right eye as a rotation center, and then rays P r V' are processed along a plane parallel to the YZ plane according to the sum/>Same direction rotation and/>Angles of the same magnitude, resulting in rays P r V'; the oblique viewing measurement module obtains an angle with the pupil center P r of the right eye as a vertex, the ray P r V' as a starting edge and the ray P r C as a final edge, namely an oblique viewing angle, wherein the size of the oblique viewing angle is the oblique viewing angle, and the direction of the oblique viewing angle is the direction of oblique viewing.
2. A strabismus inspection apparatus, comprising:
A visual target;
An image capturing and processing module comprising at least 2 near infrared cameras and at least 2 near infrared light sources for continuously capturing images of the eye area; the image shooting and processing module further comprises an image processing function, and the image processing function is used for carrying out image processing calculation on the shot image of the area; when a left eye image is shot, the image shooting and processing module obtains a left eye pupil center three-dimensional coordinate and a left eye cornea reflecting point center three-dimensional coordinate through an image processing function; when the right eye image is shot, the image shooting and processing module obtains the center three-dimensional coordinate of the pupil of the right eye and the center three-dimensional coordinate of each cornea reflecting point of the right eye through an image processing function; the relative positions of the image shooting and processing module and the sighting target are known;
The pupil center line calculation module is used for calculating the center three-dimensional coordinates of the pupil of the left eye and the center three-dimensional coordinates of the reflection points of each cornea of the left eye to obtain a pupil center line of the left eye; calculating the center three-dimensional coordinates of the pupil center of the right eye and the center three-dimensional coordinates of each cornea reflecting point of the right eye to obtain a pupil center line of the right eye;
The strabismus display measurement module enables the eyes of the testee to see the optotype, so that the testee can watch the optotype; setting the center P l of the pupil of the left eye as a starting point, and setting the ray pointing to the external direction of the eyeball along the centerline of the pupil of the left eye as P l U; setting the center P l of the pupil of the left eye as a starting point, and setting the ray pointing to the direction of the position C of the visual target as P l C; define +.alpha.: the corner with the left eye pupil center P l as the vertex, the ray P l U as the initial side and the ray P l C as the final side; setting the center P r of the pupil of the right eye as a starting point, and setting the ray pointing to the external direction of the eyeball along the centerline of the pupil of the right eye as P r V; setting the center P r of the pupil of the right eye as a starting point, and setting the ray pointing to the direction of the position C of the visual target as P r C; define +.beta.as: the right eye pupil center P r is taken as a vertex, the ray P r V is taken as a starting side, and the ray P r C is taken as a final side; after the strabism display measurement module calculates the angle alpha and the angle beta, if the sizes of the angle alpha and the angle beta are not equal, the strabism display measurement module judges that strabism display exists;
the head bilateral symmetry plane measuring module can measure a three-dimensional plane equation of the head bilateral symmetry plane;
A straight line passing through the center P l of the pupil of the left eye and being perpendicular to the left-right symmetry plane of the head and the left-right symmetry plane of the head intersect at a point W l, and a straight line P l-Wl is set as a straight line passing through the center P l of the pupil of the left eye and a point W l, so that the straight line P l-Wl and the pupil midline of the left eye define a plane, the plane is defined as a left plane, and the strabismus display measurement module obtains the left plane; define +.theta l as: taking the center P l of the pupil of the left eye as a vertex, taking a ray P l U as a starting edge, and taking the projection of a ray P l C on a left plane as a final edge angle, and obtaining the angle theta l by a strabismus display measurement module; definition of the definition The method comprises the following steps: the angle with the pupil center P l of the left eye as the vertex, the projection of the ray P l C on the left plane as the initial edge and the ray P l C as the final edge is obtained by the strabismus display measurement moduleA straight line passing through the center P r of the pupil of the right eye and being perpendicular to the left-right symmetry plane of the head and the left-right symmetry plane of the head intersect at a point W r, wherein the straight line P r-Wr is a straight line passing through the center P r of the pupil of the right eye and a point W r, a plane is determined by the straight line P r-Wr and the pupil midline of the right eye, the plane is defined as a right plane, and the strabismus display measurement module obtains the right plane; define +.theta r as: taking the pupil center P r of the right eye as a vertex, taking a ray P r V as a starting edge, taking the projection of a ray P r C on a right plane as a final edge angle, and obtaining the angle theta r by a strabismus display measurement module; definition/>The method comprises the following steps: the angle with the pupil center P r of the right eye as the vertex, the projection of the ray P r C on the right plane as the initial edge and the ray P r C as the final edge shows the strabismus measuring module to obtain/>The strabism display measurement module compares the angle theta l with the angle theta r or compares/>And/>If the angles theta l and theta r are not the same, the directions are opposite, or if/>And/>If the sizes are not the same in the same direction, the strabismus display measurement module judges that strabismus display exists;
The strabismus display measurement module is also used for judging strabismus eyes: setting eyes A and B respectively, and enabling the eyes B to see the visual target and the eyes A to not see the visual target when the strabismus display measurement module judges that strabismus display exists; in the process that the eye of the person to be checked changes from the binocular fixation target to the B-eye monocular fixation target, if the strabismus display measurement module detects that the pupil midline of the B-eye moves, the strabismus display measurement module judges that the B-eye is strabismus; if the strabismus display measurement module detects that the pupil midline of the eye B does not move in the process, the strabismus display measurement module judges that the eye A is a strabismus;
the strabism display measurement module is also used for calculating strabism degree and strabism direction;
one of the eyes is known as strabismus eye, and the other eye is known as non-strabismus eye;
If the strabismus display measuring module judges that the left eye is the strabismus, the strabismus display measuring module rotates a ray P l U along the left plane by an angle which is the same as the angle theta r in the direction opposite to the angle theta r to obtain a ray P lU1; then, the strabismus-displaying measuring module takes the pupil center P l of the left eye as a rotation center, and then the ray P lU1 is processed according to the sum along the direction perpendicular to the left plane Same direction rotation and/>Angles of the same magnitude result in rays P lU2; the oblique viewing display measurement module obtains an angle which takes the center P l of the pupil of the left eye as a vertex, takes a ray P lU2 as a starting edge and takes a ray P l C as a final edge, namely an oblique viewing angle, wherein the size of the oblique viewing angle is the oblique viewing angle, and the direction of the oblique viewing angle is the direction of oblique viewing;
If the strabismus display measurement module judges that the right eye is the strabismus, the strabismus display measurement module rotates a ray P r V along the right plane by an angle which is the same as the angle theta l in the direction opposite to the angle theta l to obtain a ray P rV1; then, the strabismus-displaying measuring module takes the pupil center P r of the right eye as a rotation center, and then the ray P rV1 is processed according to the sum along the direction perpendicular to the right plane Same direction rotation and/>Angles of the same magnitude result in rays P rV2; the oblique viewing measurement module obtains an angle with the pupil center P r of the right eye as a vertex, the ray P rV2 as a starting edge and the ray P r C as a final edge, namely an oblique viewing angle, wherein the size of the oblique viewing angle is the oblique viewing angle, and the direction of the oblique viewing angle is the direction of oblique viewing.
3. The strabismus inspection apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein,
The position of the optotype is fixed;
The system comprises a visual target, a visual target detection module, an image shooting and processing module, a visual target detection module and a visual target detection module, wherein the visual target detection module is used for detecting the visual target of a person to be detected, and the visual target detection module is used for detecting the visual target of the person to be detected; if the strabismus measuring module judges that the pupil midline of the eye A moves and the pupil midline of the eye B does not move in the shielding process, the strabismus measuring module judges that the strabismus exists, and the strabismus degree of the strabismus is the rotation angle of the pupil midline of the eye A.
4. The strabismus inspection apparatus of claim 1 or 2, further comprising a display module capable of displaying the optotype, the position of the optotype display being fixed, the display module switching between three display modes:
Display mode one: displaying the optotype visible to both eyes;
display mode two: displaying the optotype visible only to the left eye;
display mode three: displaying the optotype visible only to the right eye;
the strabismus display measurement module is further used for judging strabismus eyes, the display module works in a first display mode and displays visual targets visible to both eyes, and if the strabismus display measurement module judges that strabismus display exists, the visual targets displayed by the display module are switched from the first display mode to a second display mode, the positions of the visual targets are unchanged, and a person to be inspected keeps looking at the visual targets; the image shooting and processing module detects pupil midlines of two eyes of a detected person in real time, and if the display strabismus measuring module judges that the pupil midlines of the two eyes of the detected person are not moved in the process of switching from the first display mode to the second display mode, the right eye is judged to display strabismus; if the display strabismus measuring module judges that the pupil center lines of the two eyes of the detected person are moved in the process of switching from the first display mode to the second display mode, judging that the left eye displays strabismus;
Or the optotype displayed by the display module is switched from the first display mode to the third display mode, and the position of the optotype is unchanged, so that the testee keeps looking at the optotype; the image shooting and processing module detects pupil midlines of two eyes of a detected person in real time, and if the pupil midlines of the two eyes of the detected person are not moved in the process of switching from the first display mode to the third display mode, the strabismus display measuring module judges that the left eye displays strabismus; if the strabismus display measurement module judges that the pupil center lines of the two eyes of the detected person are moved in the process of switching from the first display mode to the third display mode, the strabismus display module judges that the right eye strabismus display;
The system also comprises a strabismus measuring module, and if the strabismus measuring module does not measure that the checked person has strabismus, the strabismus measuring module is operated;
The sighting target displayed by the display module is switched from the first display mode to the second display mode, the position of the sighting target is unchanged, and the testee keeps looking at the sighting target; the image shooting and processing module detects pupil midlines of two eyes of a detected person in real time, and if the cryptoscopic measuring module judges that the pupil midlines of the two eyes of the detected person are not moved in the process of switching from the first display mode to the second display mode, the cryptoscopic measuring module judges that the cryptoscopic is not present; if the left eye pupil midline of the detected person does not move and the right eye pupil midline of the detected person moves in the process of switching from the first display mode to the second display mode, judging that the left eye pupil midline of the detected person has the strabismus, wherein the strabismus degree of the strabismus is the rotation angle of the right eye pupil midline;
or the optotype displayed by the display module is switched from the first display mode to the third display mode, and the position of the optotype is unchanged, so that the testee keeps looking at the optotype; the image shooting and processing module detects pupil midlines of two eyes of a detected person in real time, and if the cryptoscopic measuring module judges that the pupil midlines of the two eyes of the detected person are not moved in the process of switching from the first display mode to the third display mode, the cryptoscopic measuring module judges that the cryptoscopic is not present; if the left eye pupil midline of the examinee does not move in the process of switching from the first display mode to the third display mode, the strabismus measurement module judges that the left eye pupil midline of the examinee moves, and the strabismus measurement module judges that strabismus exists, wherein the strabismus degree of the strabismus is the angle of rotation of the left eye pupil midline.
5. The strabismus inspection apparatus of claim 4, wherein the display module is a display device capable of displaying two different wavelengths of visible light, or a naked eye 3D display device, or a polarized display device, or a shutter display device.
6. The strabismus inspection apparatus of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the optotype is a light that emits light.
7. The strabismus inspection apparatus of claim 6, wherein the optotype is a white-light-emitting lamp;
The visual camera is positioned at a position close to the visual target distance, and when the eyes of the testee watch the visual target during the strabismus display inspection, the visual camera is synchronously used for photographing the eyes.
8. The strabismus inspection apparatus of claim 7, wherein the optotype is three closely spaced lamps, one of which emits white light, one of which emits visible light of wavelength λ 1, one of which emits visible light of wavelength λ 2, and λ 1 is not equal to λ 2;
The optical filter also comprises two optical filters, wherein the left optical filter can transmit visible light and near infrared light with the wavelength lambda 1, and the right optical filter can transmit visible light and near infrared light with the wavelength lambda 2.
9. The strabismus inspection apparatus of claim 1 or 2, further comprising a distance sensor for prompting in real time the distance of the strabismus inspection apparatus and the subject.
10. The strabismus inspection apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the strabismus inspection apparatus is a portable handheld apparatus; the number of the near infrared cameras is 2, and the near infrared cameras are symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side of the strabismus inspection equipment; the number of the near infrared light sources is 2, and the near infrared light sources are symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side of the strabismus inspection.
11. The strabismus inspection apparatus of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the strabismus inspection apparatus is a portable handheld bar apparatus, the optotype being located at a midpoint of the strabismus inspection apparatus; the number of the near infrared cameras is 2, and the near infrared cameras are distributed on two sides of the strabismus inspection equipment and have the same distance with the midpoint of the strabismus inspection equipment; the number of the near infrared light sources is 2, and the near infrared light sources are distributed on two sides of the strabismus inspection equipment and have the same distance with the midpoint of the strabismus inspection equipment; the optotype, the 2 near infrared cameras and the 2 near infrared light sources are distributed on the same straight line.
12. The strabismus inspection apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the strabismus inspection apparatus is a head-mounted type, and the left eye is imaged with at least two near infrared cameras and at least two near infrared lamps; at least two near infrared cameras and at least two near infrared lamps are arranged near the right eye, so that the right eye can be shot; the head-mounted device may measure the relative position of the optotype in real time.
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CN115568815B (en) * 2022-10-25 2023-07-21 江苏鸿晨集团有限公司 Optotype for qualitative and quantitative examination of rotary strabismus

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CN1813624A (en) * 2006-02-16 2006-08-09 赵阳 Strabism measuring instrument and its method for measuring strabism
WO2011021936A1 (en) * 2009-08-20 2011-02-24 Technische Universiteit Delft Apparatus and method for automatically determining a strabismus angle
CN105141938A (en) * 2015-08-18 2015-12-09 深圳先进技术研究院 Sight positioning device
CN112336301A (en) * 2020-11-06 2021-02-09 上海青研科技有限公司 Strabismus measuring equipment

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CN1813624A (en) * 2006-02-16 2006-08-09 赵阳 Strabism measuring instrument and its method for measuring strabism
WO2011021936A1 (en) * 2009-08-20 2011-02-24 Technische Universiteit Delft Apparatus and method for automatically determining a strabismus angle
CN105141938A (en) * 2015-08-18 2015-12-09 深圳先进技术研究院 Sight positioning device
CN112336301A (en) * 2020-11-06 2021-02-09 上海青研科技有限公司 Strabismus measuring equipment

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