CN115568815B - Optotype for qualitative and quantitative examination of rotary strabismus - Google Patents
Optotype for qualitative and quantitative examination of rotary strabismus Download PDFInfo
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- A61B3/02—Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient
- A61B3/08—Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient for testing binocular or stereoscopic vision, e.g. strabismus
- A61B3/085—Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient for testing binocular or stereoscopic vision, e.g. strabismus for testing strabismus
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Abstract
The invention provides a visual target for rotary strabismus qualitative and quantitative inspection, which is characterized by comprising a right eye visual target and a left eye visual target for different eye inspections, wherein the scales of the right eye visual target only comprise red horizontal scales symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the visual target, the red horizontal scales are circumferentially distributed in a manner that two positions pointed by the horizontal scales are zero and the scale values of the two positions corresponding to the vertical directions are gradually increased, the pointers of the right eye visual target are green linear pointers which are horizontally arranged and respectively point to the zero scales of the red horizontal scales, the scales of the left eye visual target only comprise green horizontal scales symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the visual target, the green horizontal scales are circumferentially distributed in a manner that the two positions pointed by the horizontal scales are zero and the scale values of the two positions corresponding to the vertical directions are gradually increased, and the pointers of the left eye visual target are red linear pointers which are horizontally arranged and respectively point to the zero scales of the green horizontal scales.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ocular optotype, in particular to an optotype for qualitative and quantitative examination of rotary strabismus.
Background
Conventional designs of rotary strabismus targets include both rotary strabismus targets of polarized split vision and rotary strabismus targets of red-green split vision. Whereas a conventional red-green split-view rotary strabismus optotype is shown in fig. 1, comprising an inner green cross pointer, an outer red scale, and a central black dot.
In the examination, the right eye of the subject is covered with a red filter and the left eye is covered with a green filter. The right eye of the subject can only see the pointer, while the left eye can only see the peripheral graduations. Normally, the cross pointer is directed towards the middle long scale in the respective direction. If a rotational strabismus exists, the pointer or scale may be rotated clockwise or counterclockwise as shown in fig. 2 and 3, thereby determining the problem eye and the rotational strabismus characteristics and magnitudes. The pointer in fig. 2 is rotated two scales counterclockwise, while the scale positions are normal, diagnosed with a right eye exorotation (or negative rotary strabismus) of 10 °. Whereas the pointer position in fig. 3 is normal, but the scale is rotated two scales clockwise, diagnosed as left eye external rotation (negative rotary strabismus) by 10 °. One problem that can be seen in fig. 2 and 3 is that the rotation of the pointer is more easily seen, whereas the rotation of the scale does not appear to be obvious. This makes it easier for the right eye to be found when there is a problem, and for the left eye to be ignored when there is a problem. This is one of the most obvious problems in the use of this optotype design. Optometrists are very prone to misdiagnosis or misjudgment.
The second problem is that the nature of rotary strabismus is complex, the nature of internal rotation and external rotation is commonly used in ophthalmology, and the nature of positive and negative nature is commonly used in optometry, so that it is difficult for ophthalmologists and optometrists to distinguish between the two nature modes, and the nature of clockwise or anticlockwise rotation is often unclear, and the two nature is easily confused.
The third problem is that when the visual target is designed, the middle round dot is used as a fixation point to ensure the accuracy of the visual target positions seen by two eyes, but the fixation point is too small to achieve a good fixation effect, and once a person to be detected has a small strabismus, the positions of the red and green visual targets deviate, so that qualitative and quantitative determination cannot be performed.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is how to improve the accuracy of rotary strabismus inspection, and a sighting mark for qualitative and quantitative inspection of rotary strabismus is provided.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the visual target for rotary strabismus qualitative and quantitative inspection comprises a right eye visual target and a left eye visual target for different eye inspections, wherein the scales of the right eye visual target only comprise red horizontal scales symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the visual target, the red horizontal scales are circumferentially distributed in a mode that two positions pointed by the horizontal scales are zero and the scale values of the two positions corresponding to the vertical directions are gradually increased, pointers of the right eye visual target are green horizontal pointers which are horizontally arranged and respectively point to zero scales of the red horizontal scales, the scales of the left eye visual target only comprise green horizontal scales symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the visual target, the green horizontal scales are circumferentially distributed in a mode that the two positions pointed by the horizontal directions are zero scales and the scale values of the two positions corresponding to the vertical directions are gradually increased, and the pointers of the left eye visual target are red horizontal pointers which are horizontally arranged and respectively point to zero scales of the green horizontal scales; the right eye optotype and the left eye optotype each include a fixation line aligned in a horizontal direction and directed from both left and right sides of the optotype toward the center of the optotype and aligned in a vertical direction and directed from both upper and lower sides of the optotype toward the center of the optotype.
As one embodiment, the solid line of sight strip imparts a black color.
As an embodiment, the line width of the fixation line is thicker than the line width of the horizontal scale and the line pointer on the sighting mark.
As an implementation manner, the centers of the right eye visual target and the left eye visual target are respectively provided with a fixation dot which is positioned in the middle of the straight pointer and has a protruded edge compared with the edge of the straight pointer on the visual target.
As one embodiment, the fixation dots impart black.
As one embodiment, the fixation lines aligned in the horizontal direction in the right eye visual target and the left eye visual target are aligned with a straight pointer and a zero scale on the visual target where each fixation line is positioned.
As an implementation manner, the right eye visual target and the left eye visual target are respectively provided with an EX mark and an IN mark IN four quadrants divided by fixation lines IN the respective visual targets, and a negative sign mark and a positive sign mark which are respectively and correspondingly arranged with the EX mark and the IN mark.
As one embodiment, the EX identifier of the right eye visual target is located IN the first quadrant and the third quadrant, the IN identifier of the right eye visual target is located IN the second quadrant and the fourth quadrant, the IN identifier of the left eye visual target is located IN the first quadrant and the third quadrant, and the EX identifier of the left eye visual target is located IN the second quadrant and the fourth quadrant.
As an implementation manner, the remote controller further comprises a remote controller, the remote controller comprises a key for controlling the green straight pointer to rotate clockwise or anticlockwise with the center of the right eye visual target as the center, the remote controller further comprises a key for controlling the red straight pointer to rotate clockwise or anticlockwise with the center of the left eye visual target as the center, the right eye visual target and the left eye visual target further comprise qualitative and quantitative identifications, and the qualitative and quantitative identifications in the right eye visual target and the left eye visual target respectively respond to the rotation condition of the straight pointer on the visual target where the right eye visual target and the left eye visual target are located and display the inspection result.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that compared with the traditional optotype, the invention makes a brand new and breakthrough design, namely, the optotype is divided into a right-eye optotype and a left-eye optotype for different eye examinations. The vertical pointer and scale are removed from either the right or left eye optotypes, simplifying the design of the optotypes. R in the right lower corner of the right eye visual target and L in the right lower corner of the left eye visual target respectively represent the eye level aimed at in the examination of the figure, R is the right eye, and L is the left eye. The right eye optotype is aimed at right eye inspection, and the left eye optotype is aimed at left eye inspection, so that the inspected eyes only look at the pointer, and the problem that the scale is not easy to observe due to rotation is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a conventional red-green split-view rotary squint view as referred to in the background;
FIG. 2 is a conventional red-green split rotary strabismus view of one condition seen by a subject;
FIG. 3 is a conventional red-green split rotary strabismus view of another condition seen by a subject;
FIG. 4 is a right eye optotype view of an optotype for qualitative and quantitative examination of rotational strabismus provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a left eye optotype view of an optotype for qualitative and quantitative examination of rotational strabismus provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a right eye optotype view of a subject;
fig. 7 is a simplified view of a visual target for qualitative and quantitative examination of rotational strabismus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The foregoing and other embodiments and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following, more complete, description of the invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are merely some, but not all, embodiments of the invention.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4-5.
The visual target for rotary strabismus qualitative and quantitative inspection provided by the embodiment comprises a right eye visual target and a left eye visual target for different eye inspections, wherein the scales of the right eye visual target only comprise red horizontal scales symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the visual target, the red horizontal scales are circumferentially distributed in a manner that two positions pointed by the horizontal scales are zero and the scale values of the two positions corresponding to the vertical directions are gradually increased, the pointers of the right eye visual target are green horizontal pointers which are horizontally arranged and respectively point to the zero scales of the red horizontal scales, the scales of the left eye visual target only comprise green horizontal scales symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the visual target, the green horizontal scales are circumferentially distributed in a manner that the two positions pointed by the horizontal scales are zero and the scale values of the two positions corresponding to the vertical directions are gradually increased, and the pointers of the left eye visual target are red horizontal pointers which are horizontally arranged and respectively point to the zero scales of the green horizontal scales; the right eye and left eye targets each include fixation lines aligned in a horizontal direction and directed from both left and right sides of the target toward the center of the target and aligned in a vertical direction and directed from both upper and lower sides of the target toward the center of the target.
In this embodiment, a completely new and breakthrough design is made compared with the conventional optotype, i.e., the optotype is divided into a right-eye optotype and a left-eye optotype for different eye examinations. The vertical pointer and scale are removed from either the right or left eye optotypes, simplifying the design of the optotypes. The traditional optotype examination is used, eyes are not distinguished, the right eye of a person to be examined looks at a pointer, the left eye looks at scales, the person to be examined is easy to find when the right eye has a problem, and the person to be examined is easy to ignore when the left eye has a problem. In this embodiment, an advanced and breakthrough inspection method is adopted, and R in the lower right corner in fig. 4 and L in the lower right corner in fig. 5 respectively represent the eye condition for the inspection of this figure, R being the right eye and L being the left eye. Fig. 4 is directed to the right eye examination, and fig. 5 is directed to the left eye examination, so that the examined eyes only look at the pointer, and the problem that the scale rotation is not easy to observe is solved.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4-5.
The present embodiment provides a visual target for qualitative and quantitative examination of rotary strabismus, in which both the right-eye visual target and the left-eye visual target include fixation lines aligned in the horizontal direction and directed from the left and right sides of the visual target toward the center of the visual target and aligned in the vertical direction and directed from the upper and lower sides of the visual target toward the center of the visual target.
In this embodiment, the right eye and left eye targets have fixation lines added in the horizontal and vertical directions, except for the fixation dots that enlarge the center. The sighting target is more stable, and the problem of deviation of the sighting target can not occur under the condition of small strabismus. And the line width of the fixation line is thicker than the line width of the horizontal scale and the line width of the straight pointer on the sighting mark, so that the fixation line is easy to recognize and the sighting mark position is more stable.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4-5.
The visual target for qualitative and quantitative examination of rotary strabismus provided by the embodiment is characterized in that the centers of the right eye visual target and the left eye visual target are respectively provided with a fixation dot which is positioned in the middle of a straight pointer and has a convex edge compared with the edge of the straight pointer on the visual target.
In the present embodiment, the effect of preventing the deviation of the positions of the red and green optotypes is better achieved by making the fixation dot larger, because the gap between the fixation dot and the in-line pointer is made smaller. And the fixation dots are endowed with black color and are easy to recognize.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4-5.
The fixation lines aligned in the horizontal direction in the right eye visual target and the left eye visual target of the visual target for the qualitative and quantitative examination of the rotary strabismus provided by the embodiment are aligned with the straight pointer and the zero scale on the visual target where the fixation lines are positioned.
In this embodiment, the zero graduation line and the pointer are aligned with the horizontal fixed line of sight, and the subject can easily find out when a deviation phenomenon due to rotational strabismus occurs.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4-5.
The right eye visual target and the left eye visual target of the visual target for qualitative and quantitative examination of rotary strabismus provided by the embodiment are respectively provided with an EX mark and an IN mark IN four quadrants divided by fixation lines IN the respective visual targets, and a negative sign mark and a positive sign mark which are respectively and correspondingly arranged with the EX mark and the IN mark. Specifically, the EX marks of the right eye optotype are located IN the first quadrant and the third quadrant, the IN marks of the right eye optotype are located IN the second quadrant and the fourth quadrant, the IN marks of the left eye optotype are located IN the first quadrant and the third quadrant, and the EX marks of the left eye optotype are located IN the second quadrant and the fourth quadrant.
IN the present embodiment, EX (supination), IN (pronation), "+" sign (positive rotary strabismus) and "-" sign (negative rotary strabismus) are marked IN four quadrants of the optotype, respectively, which makes it possible to directly and accurately perform qualitative analysis by only the rotation direction of the pointer described by the examinee and distinguish different qualitative modes, whether the eye examination or the optotype examination.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4-6.
The visual target for qualitative and quantitative inspection of rotary strabismus provided by the embodiment further comprises a remote controller, wherein the remote controller comprises a key for controlling the green straight pointer to rotate clockwise or anticlockwise by taking the center of the right eye visual target as the center, the remote controller further comprises a key for controlling the red straight pointer to rotate clockwise or anticlockwise by taking the center of the left eye visual target as the center, the right eye visual target and the left eye visual target further comprise qualitative and quantitative identifiers, and the qualitative and quantitative identifiers in the right eye visual target and the left eye visual target respectively respond to the rotation condition of the straight pointer on the visual target where each is positioned to display the inspection result.
In this embodiment, through man-machine interaction, after the examinee finds that there is a rotary strabismus, the pointer can be automatically adjusted by the remote controller to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise until the pointer is considered to be aligned, and the optometrist sees a problematic image, and the system automatically calculates the rotation angle and displays the qualitative and quantitative result in the area directly below the optotype, as shown in fig. 6. If the examinee adjusts the direction of the pointing needle IN the figure, the operator can see the image as shown IN fig. 6, the lower right corner IN fig. 6 is marked with R as the right eye detection optotype, and the lower left corner is marked with (IN: 10 °), the qualitative sense is internal rotation by 10 °, or can be understood as positive rotary strabismus by 10 °. The qualitative result after the active adjustment of the subject is opposite to the display qualitative result of the pointer indication area. IN the figure, the finger indication area is EX (-), but the actual characterization is IN (+).
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, 5, and 7.
The visual target for rotary strabismus qualitative and quantitative inspection provided by the embodiment comprises a right eye visual target and a left eye visual target for different eye inspections, wherein the scales of the right eye visual target only comprise red horizontal scales symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the visual target, the red horizontal scales are circumferentially distributed in a manner that two positions pointed by the horizontal scales are zero and the scale values of the two positions corresponding to the vertical directions are gradually increased, the pointers of the right eye visual target are green horizontal pointers which are horizontally arranged and respectively point to the zero scales of the red horizontal scales, the scales of the left eye visual target only comprise green horizontal scales symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the visual target, the green horizontal scales are circumferentially distributed in a manner that the two positions pointed by the horizontal scales are zero and the scale values of the two positions corresponding to the vertical directions are gradually increased, and the pointers of the left eye visual target are red horizontal pointers which are horizontally arranged and respectively point to the zero scales of the green horizontal scales; the right eye visual target and the left eye visual target of the device comprise a fixation line which is aligned in the horizontal direction and points to the center of the visual target from the left side and the right side of the visual target and a fixation line which is aligned in the vertical direction and points to the center of the visual target from the upper side and the lower side of the visual target; the remote controller comprises a key for controlling the green straight pointer to rotate clockwise or anticlockwise around the center of the right eye sighting target, when the green straight pointer is controlled by a fixation line which is aligned in the horizontal direction by the rotation of the remote controller and points to the center of the sighting target from the left side and the right side of the sighting target, a first dotted line which rotates synchronously is separated from the fixation line, and a first corner about the first dotted line and the fixation line is generated; the remote controller further comprises a key for controlling the red straight pointer to rotate clockwise or anticlockwise around the center of the left eye visual target, when the red straight pointer is controlled by a fixation line which is aligned in the horizontal direction by the rotation alignment of the remote controller and points to the center of the visual target from the left side and the right side of the visual target, a second dotted line which rotates synchronously is separated from the fixation line, and a second corner about the second dotted line and the fixation line is generated; after the first rotation angle and the second rotation angle are generated, the red horizontal scale of the right eye visual target reversely rotates according to the absolute value of the second rotation angle, the green horizontal scale of the left eye visual target reversely rotates according to the absolute value of the first rotation angle, then the red straight pointer is controlled by the remote controller to rotate and align with the zero scale of the green horizontal scale, a corresponding third rotation angle is generated, the green straight pointer is controlled by the remote controller to rotate and align with the zero scale of the red horizontal scale, a corresponding fourth rotation angle is generated, and qualitative and quantitative identifications in the right eye visual target and the left eye visual target respectively respond to the third rotation angle and the fourth rotation angle to display an inspection result.
In fig. 7, the right eye visual target and the left eye visual target are not distinguished, and a first broken line of the right eye visual target and a second broken line of the left eye visual target are displayed on the visual target in a combined manner, and in fact, the first broken line and the second broken line are separated from each other by a fixation line on the right eye visual target and the left eye visual target, which are respectively located, and are directed to the center of the visual target from the left side and the right side of the visual target.
In the present embodiment, the zero scale which is considered to be aligned with the red horizontal scale by the examinee by controlling the rotation of the green straight pointer is the qualitative and quantitative examination result of the rotational strabismus of the right eye of the examinee relative to the left eye, while the zero scale which is considered to be aligned with the green horizontal scale by the examinee by controlling the rotation of the red straight pointer can be obtained, the qualitative and quantitative examination result of the rotational strabismus of the left eye of the examinee relative to the right eye is neglected, however, the rotational strabismus of the right eye of the examinee relative to the both eyes is neglected, because there may be a certain deviation of the red horizontal scale when the right eye is examined. Similarly, rotational strabismus of the left eye of the subject relative to the eyes is also ignored, as there may be some offset in the green horizontal scale when the left eye is inspected. Therefore, through the technical scheme, an inspection flow is added, and the inspection result is finally displayed by controlling the rotation of the straight pointer by the inspected person by fine-tuning the zero scale of the red horizontal scale of the rotary right eye visual target and the zero scale of the green horizontal scale of the left eye visual target, so that a more accurate inspection result can be obtained.
The above-described embodiments are provided to further explain the objects, technical solutions, and advantageous effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the foregoing is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A visual target for qualitative and quantitative inspection of rotary strabismus, characterized by comprising a right eye visual target and a left eye visual target for inspection of different eyes, wherein the scales of the right eye visual target only comprise red horizontal scales symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the visual target, the red horizontal scales are circumferentially distributed in a manner that two positions pointed by the horizontal directions are zero scales and two positions corresponding to the vertical directions are gradually increased in scale values, pointers of the right eye visual target are green linear pointers which are horizontally arranged and respectively point to zero scales of the red horizontal scales, the scales of the left eye visual target only comprise green horizontal scales symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the visual target, the green horizontal scales are circumferentially distributed in a manner that two positions pointed by the horizontal directions are zero scales and the two positions corresponding to the vertical directions are gradually increased in scale values, and the pointers of the left eye visual target are red linear pointers which are horizontally arranged and respectively point to zero scales of the green horizontal scales; the right eye optotype and the left eye optotype each include a fixation line aligned in a horizontal direction and directed from both left and right sides of the optotype to the center of the optotype and aligned in a vertical direction and directed from both upper and lower sides of the optotype to the center of the optotype;
the right eye visual target and the left eye visual target are respectively provided with an EX mark and an IN mark IN four quadrants divided by fixation lines IN the respective visual targets, and a negative sign mark and a positive sign mark which are respectively and correspondingly arranged with the EX mark and the IN mark;
the EX marks of the right eye visual target are positioned IN a first quadrant and a third quadrant, the IN marks of the right eye visual target are positioned IN a second quadrant and a fourth quadrant, the IN marks of the left eye visual target are positioned IN the first quadrant and the third quadrant, and the EX marks of the left eye visual target are positioned IN the second quadrant and the fourth quadrant;
the remote controller comprises keys for controlling the green straight pointer to rotate clockwise or anticlockwise by taking the center of the right eye visual target as the center, keys for controlling the red straight pointer to rotate clockwise or anticlockwise by taking the center of the left eye visual target as the center, qualitative and quantitative marks are further included in the right eye visual target and the left eye visual target, and the qualitative and quantitative marks in the right eye visual target and the left eye visual target respectively respond to the rotation condition of the straight pointer on the visual target where the right eye visual target and the left eye visual target are located and display inspection results.
2. The optotype for qualitative and quantitative examination of rotary strabismus of claim 1, wherein the fixed line of sight strip imparts a black color.
3. The optotype for qualitative and quantitative examination of rotary strabismus according to claim 2, wherein the line width of the fixation line is thicker than the line width of the horizontal graduations and the line pointers on the respective optotype.
4. The visual target for qualitative and quantitative examination according to claim 1, wherein the centers of the right eye visual target and the left eye visual target are each provided with a fixation dot which is positioned in the middle of a character pointer and has a raised edge compared with the edge of the character pointer on the respective visual target.
5. The optotype for qualitative and quantitative examination of rotary strabismus of claim 4, wherein the fixation dots impart black.
6. The visual target for qualitative and quantitative examination according to claim 1, wherein the fixation lines aligned in the horizontal direction in the right eye visual target and the left eye visual target are aligned with a straight pointer and a zero scale on the respective visual targets.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101322641A (en) * | 2007-04-20 | 2008-12-17 | 株式会社尼德克 | Optotype presenting apparatus |
| CN101744603A (en) * | 2008-12-10 | 2010-06-23 | 沥晟企业股份有限公司 | Heterophoria examination method, system, data processing equipment and computer-readable storage media |
| CN203280363U (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2013-11-13 | 曹季 | Non-cycloplegic retinoscopy auxiliary cylindrical lens |
| CZ30890U1 (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2017-08-08 | Miroslav Dostálek | Hess testing marks for measurement of cyclorotation of the eye |
| CN113143199A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-07-23 | 上海青研科技有限公司 | Strabismus inspection apparatus |
-
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- 2022-10-25 CN CN202211307942.5A patent/CN115568815B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101322641A (en) * | 2007-04-20 | 2008-12-17 | 株式会社尼德克 | Optotype presenting apparatus |
| CN101744603A (en) * | 2008-12-10 | 2010-06-23 | 沥晟企业股份有限公司 | Heterophoria examination method, system, data processing equipment and computer-readable storage media |
| CN203280363U (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2013-11-13 | 曹季 | Non-cycloplegic retinoscopy auxiliary cylindrical lens |
| CZ30890U1 (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2017-08-08 | Miroslav Dostálek | Hess testing marks for measurement of cyclorotation of the eye |
| CN113143199A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-07-23 | 上海青研科技有限公司 | Strabismus inspection apparatus |
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