CN113141061A - Charging method of wireless charging system based on dynamic impedance matching coupling network - Google Patents

Charging method of wireless charging system based on dynamic impedance matching coupling network Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113141061A
CN113141061A CN202110428118.4A CN202110428118A CN113141061A CN 113141061 A CN113141061 A CN 113141061A CN 202110428118 A CN202110428118 A CN 202110428118A CN 113141061 A CN113141061 A CN 113141061A
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impedance matching
path
impedance
coil
module
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常雨芳
杨子潇
黄文聪
严怀成
张皓
朱自铭
张凤顺
王浩源
朱禛浩
张惠雯
潘风
胡宇博
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Hubei University of Technology
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Hubei University of Technology
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/40—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices
    • H02J50/402—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices the two or more transmitting or the two or more receiving devices being integrated in the same unit, e.g. power mats with several coils or antennas with several sub-antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/70—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the reduction of electric, magnetic or electromagnetic leakage fields
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a charging method of a wireless charging system based on a dynamic impedance matching coupling network. The invention comprises an impedance matching network, a detection module, an MCU controller and an intermediate coupling network. The MCU controller is respectively connected with the detection module and the impedance matching network in sequence; the MCU controller is used for calculating the input current and the input voltage measured by the detection module to obtain input impedance, further calculating impedance matching parameters required by the transmitting coil, and respectively connecting a corresponding first multi-path capacitor in a first multi-path capacitor branch module, a corresponding inductor in a multi-path inductor branch module and a corresponding second multi-path capacitor in a second multi-path capacitor branch module to the resonance coil according to the impedance matching parameters required by the transmitting coil in the impedance matching network; and the MCU controller controls power supply to the load according to the load condition. The invention effectively controls the magnetic field of the secondary coil and avoids the harm of an over-strong magnetic field to a human body.

Description

Charging method of wireless charging system based on dynamic impedance matching coupling network
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless charging, in particular to a charging method of a wireless charging system based on a dynamic impedance matching coupling network.
Background
Currently, Wireless charging is undergoing a huge change, and a Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) technology is a new technology which receives a great deal of attention in recent years, and has a wide application field. With the increasing demand for electric energy in industry and the demands for safety and convenience of electricity utilization, a non-contact energy transmission technology is in force. Wireless power transfer technology eliminates the need for bare electrodes in the power supply, so even devices with sealed housings can be powered, and the tolerance to humidity allows a wider range of applications. In recent years, various electric and electronic devices have been rapidly developed and rapidly popularized, and a wireless power transmission technology has been heavily looked at. It is distinguished from conventional charging techniques in that energy is transferred by an alternating magnetic field or radio waves. Conventional electrical devices are powered by a wired connection through a plug or socket. Frequent plugging and unplugging of power cords can cause potential hazards such as wire entanglement and electrical shock. And meanwhile, the phenomenon of friction loss can also occur. Wireless power transmission well has avoided foretell problem, has also greatly reduced charging system's quality and volume simultaneously, so based on the huge advantage of wireless charging, the future prospect is very bright, so it is important to improve wireless charging technique in order to improve efficiency.
Impedance matching refers to an operating state in which the load impedance and the internal impedance of the driving source are adapted to each other to obtain maximum power output, and the load terminal can absorb maximum power when the load impedance is equal to the input impedance. Namely, under the condition that the equivalent impedance of the input end is conjugated with the characteristic impedance of the power supply, and the impedance value of the load end is conjugated with the equivalent impedance of the output end, the maximum output power of the information source can be obtained, and the maximum power can be obtained by the load. The impedance matching refers to the condition that the fixed output internal resistance of the radio frequency source and the equivalent input impedance of the system are conjugate in the working process of the system, namely the sum of the mode value equal argument is zero. In this case, the voltage can be passed onto the load impedance without distortion, and maximum power transfer can be performed with little energy reflected back to the energy source. In real life, a wireless charging coil always generates dislocation and other problems in work due to various reasons, and impedance mismatching is caused, so that an impedance matching network is introduced to adjust a system to achieve the highest efficiency, but the actual problems cannot be solved well only by the impedance matching system, the expected target is not achieved, and large-scale charging is not performed one-to-one because the efficiency is not high, for example, wireless charging of a plurality of electric vehicles is realized, a one-to-many charging mode is generally adopted in reality, and a receiving coil installed on a device needing charging is charged through a powered main track.
The remaining charging points are empty, and it is possible to generate magnetic fields at these points, entering the environment. These magnetic fields may expose humans to magnetic fields above the guidelines of the international committee for non-ionizing radiation protection, which may pose a safety risk if they accidentally heat a nearby placed object.
It has been found by reading the literature that an intermediate coupling system can make up for the deficiencies in the practical problem, introducing an intermediate coupler between the primary and secondary coils, acting as a switch. When the charging equipment exists, the intermediate coupler is opened, and when the charging equipment does not exist, the intermediate coupler is closed, so that the magnetic field is prevented from radiating into the environment, and the influence of the magnetic field with high frequency on a human body or other objects is reduced. The invention combines the intermediate coupler and the impedance matching network into a combined system, called as an on-off regulation system, which is used for controlling the wireless charging device so as to achieve better output efficiency, and the wireless charging device is more suitable for the daily life of people.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a novel circuit structure aiming at the existing wireless charging technology, and changes the structure of a wireless charging system so as to realize better control on a wireless charging device, improve the transmission efficiency of wireless energy and solve the influence of an invalid magnetic field on a human body and other objects under the condition of one-to-many charging.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a specific technical scheme that: a charging method of a wireless charging system based on a dynamic impedance matching coupling network comprises the following steps: the device comprises an impedance matching network, a detection module, an MCU controller and an intermediate coupling network;
the impedance matching network consists of a first multi-path capacitor branch module, a multi-path inductor branch module, a second multi-path capacitor branch module, a resonant coil, a first switch and a second switch;
the first multi-path capacitor branch module is formed by connecting a plurality of first multi-path capacitors in parallel;
the multi-path inductance branch module is formed by connecting a plurality of parallel inductors in parallel;
the second multi-path capacitor branch module is formed by connecting a plurality of second multi-path capacitors in parallel;
the intermediate coupling network comprises an inverter, a receiving coil, a tuning capacitor, a transmitting coil, a first MOSFET tube and a second MOSFET tube, wherein the inverter is formed by a plurality of selected MOSFET tubes and diodes which are respectively connected in parallel.
The detection module consists of a current transformer and a voltage transformer;
the current transformer is used for measuring input current IinOutput current Iout；
The voltage transformer is used for measuring input voltage UinOutput voltage Uout；
Input impedance of the transmitting coil
Figure BDA0003030361220000031
Load impedance of the transmitting coil
Figure BDA0003030361220000032
The MCU controller is respectively connected with the detection module and the impedance matching network in sequence. The MCU controller is used for measuring the input current I of the detection moduleinAnd an input voltage UinCalculating to obtain input impedance ZinWhen the input impedance of the transmitting coil and the internal impedance Z of the input circuit are satisfiedSUnder the condition of conjugate matching, calculating to obtain impedance matching parameters required by the transmitting coil, and respectively connecting a corresponding first multi-path capacitor in a first multi-path capacitor branch module, a corresponding inductor in a multi-path inductor branch module and a corresponding second multi-path capacitor in a second multi-path capacitor branch module to the resonance coil by using the impedance matching parameters required by the transmitting coil in the impedance matching network; the MCU controller is used for controlling the MOSFET measured by the detection module, and when a load exists, the low level of the MOSFET is given to enable the transmitting coil to have alternating current to pass so as to generate a magnetic field to charge the load, and when the load does not exist, the high level of the MOSFET is given to enable the transmitting coil to be in short circuit so as not to generate the magnetic field;
an impedance matching network is added on one side of the primary coil to improve the transmission efficiency, and an intermediate coupling circuit is added between the primary coil and the secondary coil to realize unnecessary contact between people and objects and a magnetic field and avoid the damage of electromagnetic radiation to human bodies.
The charging method comprises the following steps:
step S1, the input voltage U is obtained through the detection of the current transformer and the voltage transformer in the detection moduleinAnd an input current IinModulus value ofinI and IinL and phase angle UinAnd IinAnd transmits the data to the MCU controller 3;
step S2, the MCU controller collects signals by using the ADC analog-to-digital conversion function of the MCU controller to obtain input voltage
Figure BDA0003030361220000033
And input current
Figure BDA0003030361220000034
And deriving the input impedance of the transmitter coil
Figure BDA0003030361220000035
Conjugate matching the equivalent impedance of the impedance matching network to the input impedance, i.e. ZS *＝Zin+ZeqAnd the mos tube in the peripheral circuit drives the relay and is connected with a pull-up resistor, and the switching of the relay is controlled through the high and low levels of the IO port of the MCU.
Step S3, if the measured input impedance Rin＞RSAnd an L-shaped impedance matching branch circuit first switch composed of a first multi-path capacitor corresponding to the first multi-path capacitor branch circuit module, a second multi-path capacitor corresponding to the second multi-path capacitor branch circuit module and an inductor corresponding to the multi-path inductor branch circuit module is arranged at the right end and connected to the resonance coil. If the measured input impedance Rin＜RSThen, the corresponding first multi-path capacitor in the corresponding first multi-path capacitor branch module is adoptedAnd an inverse L-shaped impedance matching branch circuit, namely a first switch, which is formed by the corresponding second capacitor and the corresponding inductor L2 in the multi-path inductance branch circuit module is arranged at the left end and is connected to the resonant coil.
And step S4, approximating the component values. If the L-shaped impedance matching branch, i.e. the first switch, is arranged at the right end, the equivalent impedance of the series part is expressed as
Figure BDA0003030361220000041
The MCU calculates all possible values and compares them with the desired value of X, V ═ XN-X)2When there is an N value to minimize the value of V, relay aNWill close, select to the appropriate parameter value;
if the required X value is not reached and the parallel connection part is still required, c is selected from the second multi-path capacitor branch according to the same stepMThe relay is closed. If the impedance matching circuit is an inverse L-shaped impedance matching circuit, namely the first switch is arranged at the left end, the analysis process is the same as the above.
Step S4, the resonance coil takes the alternating current from the input circuit and forms an alternating electromagnetic field in space, transferring the energy to the intermediate coupling network.
Step S5, the detection module detects the voltage U at the two ends of the transmitting coil through a voltage transformeroutDetecting the amplitude I of the current through the transmitting coil by means of a current transformeroutAnd transmits the signal to MCU controller, and then obtains U after ADC analog-to-digital conversion in MCU controllerLAnd ILThe increase or decrease of the ratio of the load to the load is judged.
Step S6, the MCU controller controls the grid potentials of the first and second mosfet tubes to control the switch, and the current does not pass through the transmitting coil at high potential, namely no magnetic field is emitted outwards; at a low potential, the current passes through the transmitting coil, and a magnetic field is generated. And when the load is available, the low potential is applied to the first mosfet tube and the second mosfet tube, and when the load is unavailable, the high potential is applied to the first mosfet tube and the second mosfet tube.
The steps S1 to S6 are repeatedly performed every preset time interval.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
compared with the conventional circuit design mode, the invention can achieve higher power density and transfer efficiency under the same condition by adding an additional circuit structure and changing the connection mode of the circuit. On the basis of the same material, the transmitting coil can achieve higher power output and has better economy.
Through the intermediate coupling circuit, the existence of the secondary coil magnetic field can be effectively controlled, and the damage to a human body caused by an excessively strong magnetic field when no charging equipment is arranged is avoided.
The primary side transmitting coil is composed of a plurality of transmitting coils, the influence of electromagnetic radiation can be avoided, and meanwhile, the breakdown of the overall charging system cannot be caused by the fault of a single transmitting coil.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit structure diagram of a wireless charging system according to the present invention.
In fig. 1: the device comprises a 1-impedance matching network, a 2-detection module and peripheral circuits, a 3-MCU controller, a 4-intermediate coupling network, a Li 1-resonance coil, a Li 2-receiving coil, a C11-tuning capacitor and an L11-transmitting coil.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The attached drawing is shown in fig. 1, and the dynamic wireless charging system mainly comprises an impedance matching network 1, a detection module 2, an MCU controller 3 and an intermediate coupling network 4. The preset input circuit, the impedance matching network 1 and the intermediate coupling network 4 are buried underground; the impedance matching network 1 comprises a plurality of impedance matching branches for selection, and the parameters of the impedance matching branches are different; a resonance coil Li1 connected in parallel to the rear end of the impedance matching network 1, the resonance coil Li1 being used for taking alternating current from the input circuit and forming an alternating electromagnetic field in the space; a detection module 2 for measuring the input impedance of the transmitting coil L11; the MCU controller 3 (i.e. MCU) is connected between the detection module 2 and the impedance matching network, the MCU controller 3 is configured to perform an operation on the input impedance measured by the detection module 2, wherein if the receiving coil Li2 and the transmitting coils L11 and C11 have the same reactance, it is ensured that the intermediate coupler ideally reflects only the real load back to the main power source, so that under the condition that the input impedance of the transmitting coil L11 and the internal impedance of the transmitting terminal are matched in a conjugate manner, the impedance matching parameter required by the starting coil L11 is obtained through the operation, and the impedance matching branch corresponding to the impedance matching parameter in the impedance matching network 1 is connected to the resonance coil Li 1. The intermediate coupling network 4 comprises a transmitting coil L11, two MOSFET tubes Q1, Q2 and two diodes D1, D2, Q1 and Q2 which are connected in series and then connected with a capacitor Ci in parallel on a receiving coil Li2 of the intermediate coupling network.
In the automatic impedance matching device, the detection module 3 measures the input impedance of the transmitting coil L11 and transmits the measured input impedance to the MCU controller 3, and then the MCU controller 3 calculates the input impedance to satisfy the input impedance of the transmitting coil L11 and the internal impedance Z of the input circuitSUnder the condition of conjugate matching, the impedance matching parameters required by the transmitting coil L11 are obtained through operation, then the impedance matching branch corresponding to the impedance matching parameters in the impedance matching network 1 is connected to the resonance coil Li1, finally the transmitting coil L11 obtains alternating current from the receiving coil Li2, and an alternating electromagnetic field is formed in space, so that a receiving end in the electromagnetic field can generate induced electromotive force, and energy transmission is realized. The above process is repeated at preset time intervals to ensure that the whole system can timely cope with the input impedance of the constantly changing transmitting coil L11, if the receiving coil Li2, the transmitting coil L11 and the tuning capacitor C11 have the same reactance, the intermediate coupler is ensured to ideally reflect only the real load back to the main power supply, so that the impedance matching network 1 and the intermediate coupling network 4 can be in conjugate negative matching with the input impedance of the transmitting coil L11 to the maximum extent, and the power can be ensured to be efficiently and negatively matchedAnd (4) ground transmission.
Referring to fig. 1, the impedance matching network 1 includes a plurality of first capacitor branches 10, a first inductor branch 11, a plurality of second capacitor branches 12, a second inductor branch 13, and relays K1 and K2, which are connected in parallel, the first inductor branch 11 and the second inductor branch 13 are connected in parallel, a front end of the first capacitor branch 10 is used to connect an input circuit, a rear end of the first capacitor branch 10 is connected to a front end of the first inductor branch 11, and a rear end of the first inductor branch 11 and a rear end of the second capacitor branch 12 are respectively connected to two ends of a resonant coil Li1, where:
the first capacitor branch 10 comprises a relay a1 and a first capacitor Ca1, and a pair of contacts of the relay a1 is connected in series with the first capacitor;
the first inductance branch 11 comprises a relay b1 and a first inductance L1, and a pair of contacts of the relay b1 is connected in series with the first inductance L1;
the second inductance branch 13 comprises a relay b2 and a second inductance L2, and a pair of contacts of the eighth relay H2 is connected in series with the second inductance L2;
the second capacitor branch 12 comprises a relay c1 and a second capacitor Cb1, and a pair of contacts of the relay c1 is connected in series with the second capacitor Cb 1;
the detection module consists of a current transformer and a voltage transformer;
the control end of the relay K1, the control end of the relay a1, the control end of the relay b1, the control end of the relay b2 and the control end of the fourth relay are respectively and electrically connected to the MCU controller 3, two static contacts of the relay K1 are respectively connected to the front end of the first capacitor branch 10 and the rear end of the first inductor branch 11, a movable contact of the relay K1 is connected to the front end of the second capacitor branch 12, and the relay K1 is used for responding to a control command sent by the MCU controller 3 to drive the movable contact to be alternatively connected with the two static contacts;
the MCU controller 3 is used for calculating impedance matching parameters required by the transmitting coil L11, and controlling the on-off states of the relay K1, the relay a1, the relay b1, the relay b2 and the fourth relay so that the corresponding first capacitor, the corresponding second capacitor and the first inductor L1 form an L-shaped impedance matching branch or the corresponding first capacitor, the corresponding second capacitor and the second inductor L2 form a reverse L-shaped impedance matching branch,
Figure BDA0003030361220000071
ZS＝RS+jXS
the impedance matching network 1 comprises a plurality of impedance matching branches for selection, and the parameters of the plurality of impedance matching branches are different, and the method comprises the following steps:
step S1, the detection module 2 obtains the input voltage U through the detection of the current transformer and the voltage transformer thereininAnd an input current IinModulus value ofinI and IinL and phase angle UinAnd IinAnd transmits the data to the MCU controller 3;
step S2, the MCU controller 3 acquires signals by using its ADC analog-to-digital conversion function to obtain input voltage
Figure BDA0003030361220000072
And input current
Figure BDA0003030361220000073
And derives the input impedance of the transmit coil L11
Figure BDA0003030361220000074
Conjugate matching the equivalent impedance of the impedance matching network to the input impedance, i.e. ZS *＝Zin+ZeqAnd the mos tube in the peripheral circuit drives the relay and is connected with a pull-up resistor, and the switching of the relay is controlled through the high and low levels of the IO port of the MCU.
Step S3, if the measured input impedance Rin＞RSThen, the first capacitor, the second capacitor and the first inductor L1 are usedAn L-shaped impedance matching branch (K1 placed at the right end) is connected to the resonance coil Li 1. If the measured input impedance is detected, an anti-L impedance matching branch (K1 is placed at the left end) composed of a corresponding first capacitor, a corresponding second capacitor and a second inductor L2 is used and connected to the resonance coil Li 1.
And step S4, approximating the component values. Although the parameter values of the components required by the impedance matching network can be accurately calculated through the previous steps, the parameter values are ideal values and are difficult to meet the requirements in specific engineering implementation, so that the parameter values of the components need to be approximately processed. If the approximate magnitude of the load is known in advance, the approximate values of the parameters (inductance and capacitance) of the components of the impedance matching network that are needed can be known in advance. Then, the values of N discrete components are selected to meet respective variation ranges, so that the input impedance of the transmitting end is particularly close to ZS. If the L-shaped impedance matching branch (K1 is arranged at the right end), the effective impedance of the series part can be expressed as
Figure BDA0003030361220000081
The MCU calculates all possible values and compares them with the desired value of X, V ═ XN-X)2When there is an N value to minimize the value of V, the relay aNWill be turned off and the appropriate parameter value is selected. If the required X value cannot be reached and the parallel connection part is still required, then according to the same step, the capacitor array CbmWill select cMThe relay is closed. In the case of an inverted-L impedance matching circuit (K1 placed at the left end), the analysis process is the same as above.
In step S4, the resonance coil Li1 obtains an alternating current from the input circuit and forms an alternating electromagnetic field in space, so as to transfer energy to the intermediate coupling network 4.
Step S5, the detection module 2 detects the voltage U at the two ends of the L11 through a voltage transformeroutThe current amplitude I passing through L11 is detected by a current transformeroutAnd transmits the signal to the MCU controller 3, and then obtains U after ADC analog-to-digital conversion in the MCU controller 3LAnd ILThe increase or decrease of the ratio of the load to the load is judged。
Step S6, the MCU controller 3 controls the grid potentials of Q1 and Q2 to control the switch, and the current does not pass through the transmitting coil L11 at high potential, namely no magnetic field is emitted outwards; at low potential, current passes through the transmitting coil L11, i.e., a magnetic field is generated. When there is a load, a low voltage is applied to Q1 and Q2, and when there is no load, a high voltage is applied to Q1 and Q2.
The steps S1 to S6 are repeatedly performed every preset time interval.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (2)

1. A charging method based on a dynamic impedance matching coupling network wireless charging system comprises the following steps: the device comprises an impedance matching network, a detection module, an MCU controller and an intermediate coupling network;
the impedance matching network consists of a first multi-path capacitor branch module, a multi-path inductor branch module, a second multi-path capacitor branch module, a resonant coil, a first switch and a second switch;
the first multi-path capacitor branch module is formed by connecting a plurality of first multi-path capacitors in parallel;
the multi-path inductance branch module is formed by connecting a plurality of parallel inductors in parallel;
the second multi-path capacitor branch module is formed by connecting a plurality of second multi-path capacitors in parallel;
the intermediate coupling network comprises an inverter, a receiving coil, a tuning capacitor, a transmitting coil, a first MOSFET tube and a second MOSFET tube, wherein the inverter is formed by a plurality of selected MOSFET tubes and diodes which are respectively connected in parallel;
the detection module consists of a current transformer and a voltage transformer;
the current transformer is used for measuring input current IinOutput current Iout；
The voltage transformer is used for measuring input voltage UinOutput voltage Uout；
Input impedance of the transmitting coil
Figure FDA0003030361210000011
Load impedance of the transmitting coil
Figure FDA0003030361210000012
The charging method comprises the following steps:
step S1, the detection module obtains input voltage U through the detection of a current transformer and a voltage transformer in the detection moduleinAnd an input current IinModulus value ofinI and IinL and phase angle UinAnd IinAnd transmits the data to the MCU controller 3;
step S2, the MCU controller utilizes the ADC analog-to-digital conversion function thereof to collect signals and obtain input voltage
Figure FDA0003030361210000013
And input current
Figure FDA0003030361210000014
And deriving the input impedance of the transmitter coil
Figure FDA0003030361210000015
Conjugate matching the equivalent impedance of the impedance matching network to the input impedance, i.e. ZS *＝Zin+ZeqThe mos tube in the peripheral circuit drives the relay and is connected with a pull-up resistor, and the switching of the relay is controlled through the high and low levels of the IO port of the MCU;
step S3, if the measured input impedance Rin＞RSThen, the corresponding first multi-path capacitor and the corresponding second multi-path capacitor in the corresponding first multi-path capacitor branch module are adoptedThe first switch of the L-shaped impedance matching branch circuit consisting of the corresponding second multi-path capacitor in the circuit module and the corresponding inductor in the multi-path inductor branch circuit module is arranged at the right end and is connected with the resonance coil; if the measured input impedance Rin＜RSA reverse L-shaped impedance matching branch circuit, namely a first switch, which is composed of a corresponding first multi-path capacitor in the corresponding first multi-path capacitor branch circuit module, a corresponding second capacitor and a corresponding inductor L2 in the multi-path inductor branch circuit module is arranged at the left end and is connected with the resonance coil;
step S4, approximation of component values; if the L-shaped impedance matching branch, i.e. the first switch, is arranged at the right end, the equivalent impedance of the series part is expressed as
Figure FDA0003030361210000021
The MCU calculates all possible values and compares them with the desired value of X, V ═ XN-X)2When there is an N value to minimize the value of V, relay aNWill close, select to the appropriate parameter value;
if the required X value is not reached and the parallel connection part is still required, c is selected from the second multi-path capacitor branch according to the same stepMThe relay is closed; if the impedance matching circuit is an inverse L-shaped impedance matching circuit, namely the first switch is arranged at the left end, the analysis process is the same as the above;
step S4, the resonance coil gets the alternating current from the input circuit, and forms the alternating electromagnetic field in the space, and transmits the energy to the middle coupling network;
step S5, the detection module detects the voltage U at the two ends of the transmitting coil through a voltage transformeroutDetecting the amplitude I of the current through the transmitting coil by means of a current transformeroutAnd transmits the signal to MCU controller, and then obtains U after ADC analog-to-digital conversion in MCU controllerLAnd ILThe increase or decrease of the ratio of the load to the load is judged to be zero;
step S6, the MCU controller controls the grid potentials of the first and second mosfet tubes to control the switch, and the current does not pass through the transmitting coil at high potential, namely no magnetic field is emitted outwards; when the potential is low, the current passes through the transmitting coil, namely a magnetic field is generated; when the load exists, a low potential is applied to the first mosfet tube and the second mosfet tube, and when the load does not exist, a high potential is applied to the first mosfet tube and the second mosfet tube;
the steps S1 to S6 are repeatedly performed every preset time interval.
2. The charging method based on the dynamic impedance matching coupling network wireless charging system of claim 1, wherein the MCU controller is respectively connected with the detection module and the impedance matching network in sequence; the MCU controller is used for measuring the input current I of the detection moduleinAnd an input voltage UinCalculating to obtain input impedance ZinWhen the input impedance of the transmitting coil and the internal impedance Z of the input circuit are satisfiedSUnder the condition of conjugate matching, calculating to obtain impedance matching parameters required by the transmitting coil, and respectively connecting a corresponding first multi-path capacitor in a first multi-path capacitor branch module, a corresponding inductor in a multi-path inductor branch module and a corresponding second multi-path capacitor in a second multi-path capacitor branch module to the resonance coil by using the impedance matching parameters required by the transmitting coil in the impedance matching network; the MCU controller is used for controlling the MOSFET measured by the detection module, and when a load exists, the low level of the MOSFET is given to enable the transmitting coil to have alternating current to pass so as to generate a magnetic field to charge the load, and when the load does not exist, the high level of the MOSFET is given to enable the transmitting coil to be in short circuit so as not to generate the magnetic field;
an impedance matching network is added on one side of the primary coil to improve the transmission efficiency, and an intermediate coupling circuit is added between the primary coil and the secondary coil to realize unnecessary contact between people and objects and a magnetic field and avoid the damage of electromagnetic radiation to human bodies.
CN202110428118.4A 2021-04-21 2021-04-21 Charging method of wireless charging system based on dynamic impedance matching coupling network Pending CN113141061A (en)

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