CN113140862B - Battery pack fastening device, mounting system and partial battery replacement method - Google Patents
Battery pack fastening device, mounting system and partial battery replacement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113140862B CN113140862B CN202110411367.2A CN202110411367A CN113140862B CN 113140862 B CN113140862 B CN 113140862B CN 202110411367 A CN202110411367 A CN 202110411367A CN 113140862 B CN113140862 B CN 113140862B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a battery pack fastening device, an installation system and a partial battery replacement method, wherein the device comprises at least one pair of fastening mechanisms which are oppositely arranged; the fastening mechanism comprises a fixing plate, a first friction plate, an elastic workpiece, a connecting rod, an electromagnet and a bearing; the connecting rod is arranged on the bearing, and one end of the connecting rod is connected with the fixing plate; the elastic workpiece is arranged between the fixing plate and the bearing and is in a compressed state; the first friction plate is arranged on one side of the fixing plate, which is far away from the connecting rod; the electromagnet is arranged at the other end of the connecting rod and is spaced at a preset distance, and the electromagnet is used for generating suction to the connecting rod when being electrified so as to overcome the elasticity of the elastic workpiece. The current change through the control electro-magnet can realize the fastening and the dismantlement of battery package, simple structure, and installation and dismantlement convenient operation are swift, efficient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of new energy automobiles, in particular to a battery pack fastening device, a battery pack mounting system and a partial battery replacement method.
Background
In the current electric automobile trades the electricity, owing to need to change the great whole battery package of quality volume, trade the electricity step loaded down with trivial details, so need go on in the construction cost height, area is big trades the power station. In order to solve the problem that the battery replacement step is complicated, the construction cost is high, and the problem is solved in a battery replacement station with large occupied area, Chinese patent 202020086987.4 provides a device for replacing an automobile battery module and an automobile battery module, but the structure of the device for replacing the automobile battery module is complicated, and although the device is simpler relative to the original battery replacement scheme, the structure for realizing positioning, mounting and fixing is complex, and the operation of the positioning, mounting and fixing processes is complicated, and the convenience is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a battery pack fastening device, an installation system and a partial battery replacement method, and aims to solve the problems of complicated structure and poor operation convenience of a fastening mechanism in the conventional battery pack replacement device.
In a first aspect, a battery pack securing apparatus is provided, comprising at least one pair of oppositely disposed securing mechanisms;
the fastening mechanism comprises a fixing plate, a first friction plate, an elastic workpiece, a connecting rod, an electromagnet and a bearing;
the connecting rod is arranged on the bearing, and one end of the connecting rod is connected with the fixing plate; the elastic workpiece is arranged between the fixing plate and the bearing and is in a compressed state; the first friction plate is arranged on one side, far away from the connecting rod, of the fixing plate; the electromagnet is arranged at the other end of the connecting rod and is spaced at a preset distance, and the electromagnet is used for generating suction to the connecting rod when being electrified so as to overcome the elasticity of the elastic workpiece.
When the battery pack fastening device is used, the fastening mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the battery pack mounting bin, and the bearing is mounted on the frame. When the battery pack is fastened, the electromagnet is firstly electrified, the connecting rod is enabled to overcome the elasticity of the elastic workpiece to generate displacement by the attraction force of the electromagnet on the connecting rod, the elastic workpiece is further compressed, simultaneously drives the fixed plate to move towards two sides, at the same time, the matched battery pack with the second friction plates arranged on the periphery is moved into the battery pack mounting bin, then the electromagnet is stopped to be electrified, the fixed plate is tightly clamped to the battery pack under the action of the resilience force of the elastic workpiece, at the moment, the first friction plate is tightly pressed with the second friction plate on the battery pack, so that the static friction force exists on the vertical plane between the battery pack and the fixing plate, the battery pack is ensured not to generate displacement in the vertical plane, meanwhile, the opposite sides of the battery pack in the horizontal direction are provided with pressure from the elastic workpiece, so that the battery pack is ensured not to generate displacement in the horizontal direction, and the battery pack can be well fastened in the battery pack mounting bin. During the dismantlement, only need to drive on to the electro-magnet, order about the fixed plate and remove to both sides, can release the battery package, then stop the circular telegram to the electro-magnet, can accomplish the dismantlement. The battery pack fastening device is simple in structure, convenient and fast to install and disassemble and high in efficiency.
Further, the fixing plate comprises a shell, a buffer plate arranged in the shell and a plurality of compression springs;
a plurality of grooves for placing a plurality of compression springs are arranged in the shell, through holes for placing the compression springs are arranged on the buffer plate corresponding to the grooves, and the compression springs are longitudinally arranged in a space formed by the grooves in the shell and the corresponding through holes on the buffer plate; one end of the connecting rod penetrates through one side wall of the shell and is connected with the buffer plate.
The vehicle in-process of traveling, the connecting rod can be transmitted for in the vibration that comes from the frame, and through the fixed plate that sets up this structure, the connecting rod can transmit the vibration to the buffer board, and the buffer board will vibrate and transmit the casing after buffering the vibration of vertical direction through a plurality of compression spring again, and the battery package will be transmitted to the casing again to the vibration, alright in order to play the effect of buffering from the whole in-process of frame conduction battery package in the vibration.
Furthermore, a supporting plate extending outwards in a horizontal direction is arranged at the bottom of one side, away from the connecting rod, of the fixing plate. Through setting up the backup pad, can play the effect of support to the battery package, overcome the self gravity of battery package, further strengthen the fastening effect.
Furthermore, the connecting rod comprises a rod body and an iron block arranged at one end of the rod body close to the electromagnet; the maximum outer diameter of the iron block is larger than the bore diameter of the bearing. The maximum outer diameter of the iron block is larger than the aperture of the bearing, so that the connecting rod can be prevented from falling off, and the stability of the device is ensured.
Furthermore, the elastic workpiece is a compression spring, and the compression spring is sleeved on the connecting rod.
Further, when the battery pack is fastened, electromagnets of the fastening mechanisms which are arranged in pairs are electrified with currents which are reduced in a step-type mode until the currents are 0; when the battery pack is disassembled, the electromagnets of the fastening mechanisms which are arranged in pairs are electrified with currents which are increased in a step mode until a preset current value is reached.
When the battery pack is fastened, if the current of the electromagnet is directly cut off, the fixing plate can be pressed on the battery pack in a very short time under the action of huge elastic force, and the horizontal stress imbalance caused by the non-uniform deformation of elastic workpieces in the oppositely arranged fastening mechanisms can occur, so that the battery pack cannot be fixed at the central position. When the battery pack is disassembled, if sufficient current is directly supplied to the electromagnet, the situation that the resultant force of the battery pack in the horizontal direction is not zero can also occur in the process that the fixing plate leaves the battery pack, so that the battery pack is extruded in the horizontal direction.
When the battery pack is fastened, currents with the sizes descending in a step mode are introduced into electromagnets of the fastening mechanisms arranged in pairs until the currents reach 0, deformation quantities of elastic workpieces in the fastening mechanisms arranged oppositely can be kept consistent, sudden change does not occur, and therefore the battery pack is fastened at the center position. In the same way during the dismantlement, through to setting up in pairs fastening device's electro-magnet lets in the electric current that the size is cascaded increase, until reaching and predetermineeing the current value for the elastic workpiece deformation volume among the fastening device who sets up relatively keeps unanimous, can not make the battery package by the extrusion in the horizontal direction. Through this current control mode, can realize that the battery package fastens smoothly and dismantles.
Further, the battery pack fastening device includes a plurality of pairs of the fastening mechanisms disposed oppositely.
The number of pairs of fastening mechanisms is set according to actual conditions by considering factors such as the size, weight and frame space of the battery pack.
In a second aspect, a battery pack mounting system is provided, which includes a positioning system, a lifting device, an auxiliary fixing device, and the battery pack fastening device as described above;
the positioning system comprises a plurality of laser transmitters and a plurality of laser receiving and sensing devices, the laser transmitters are arranged at the top of a battery pack mounting bin on the frame, the laser receiving and sensing devices are arranged at the top of a battery pack, and the laser receiving and sensing devices correspond to the laser transmitters in position one by one;
the lifting device is arranged at the bottom of the battery pack and used for controlling the lifting of the battery pack;
the auxiliary fixing device comprises a second friction plate arranged on the outer side of the battery pack;
the battery pack fastening device is arranged on the periphery of the battery pack mounting bin on the frame.
When the battery pack installation system is used, firstly, the plurality of laser transmitters vertically downwards emit laser, a user pushes the battery pack to a corresponding position under the guidance of the laser, and when the plurality of laser beams correspond to the plurality of laser receiving and sensing devices, the positioning is completed. Then the electromagnet in the battery pack fastening device is electrified to enable the fixing plate to generate displacement; then the lifting device works to drive the battery pack to rise for a preset distance, so that the battery pack enters the battery pack mounting bin; then the current of the electromagnet in the battery pack fastening device is cut off or gradually reduced to zero, and the fixing plate moves under the action of the elastic workpiece and clamps the battery pack; and finally, resetting the lifting device to enable the lifting device to be retracted to the bottom of the battery pack, namely completing the installation work. When the assembly and disassembly are carried out, the assembly process is operated reversely.
Furthermore, the positioning system also comprises a controller electrically connected with the plurality of laser receiving and sensing devices and an alarm module electrically connected with the controller; when the controller receives the electric signals sent by the laser receiving and sensing devices at the same time, an alarm signal is sent to the alarm module to send out a prompt.
Because battery package installation storehouse sets up in the vehicle bottom, when fixing a position, be not convenient for judge whether pinpoint, through setting up controller and alarm module, when the signal of telecommunication that a plurality of laser receiving induction system sent is received to the controller simultaneously, send alarm signal and give alarm module, alarm module sends the suggestion to the user judges the location success.
In a third aspect, a partial battery replacement method is provided, wherein battery replacement is performed based on the battery pack installation system, a main battery pack of a double-battery-pack electric vehicle is fixed on a vehicle frame, and an auxiliary battery pack installation bin is further arranged on the vehicle frame; the laser receiving and sensing devices are arranged at the top of the auxiliary battery pack, the second friction plate is arranged on the outer side of the auxiliary battery pack, the lifting device is arranged at the bottom of the auxiliary battery pack, the laser transmitters are arranged at the top of the auxiliary battery pack mounting bin, and the battery pack fastening device is arranged around the auxiliary battery pack mounting bin; the process comprises the following steps:
during installation, the auxiliary battery pack is moved to the bottom of the vehicle, and the plurality of laser receiving and sensing devices correspond to the lasers emitted by the plurality of laser emitters vertically downwards to complete positioning;
the electromagnet in the battery pack fastening device is electrified to enable the fixing plate to move out of the auxiliary battery pack mounting bin;
the lifting device works to control the auxiliary battery pack to ascend for a preset distance;
the electromagnet in the battery pack fastening device stops electrifying, and the fixing plate is pushed under the action of the resilience force of the elastic workpiece, so that the first friction plate and the second friction plate are tightly pressed to finish fastening;
the lifting device resets to enable the lifting device to retract to the bottom of the auxiliary battery pack to complete installation
When the lifting device is detached, the lifting device works to enable the bottom of the lifting device to contact the ground;
the electromagnet in the battery pack fastening device is electrified to enable the fixing plate to move out of the auxiliary battery pack mounting bin, so that the auxiliary battery pack is released;
the lifting device is reset to enable the auxiliary battery pack to descend;
and the electromagnet in the battery pack fastening device stops electrifying, and the fixing plate resets under the action of the resilience force of the elastic workpiece to finish the disassembly.
The partial battery replacement method can solve the problems that the current battery replacement process of the whole vehicle is complicated, and the construction cost of the charging station is high.
Advantageous effects
The invention provides a battery pack fastening device, an installation system and a partial battery replacement method, when a battery pack is fastened, an electromagnet is electrified, the attraction force generated by the electromagnet on a connecting rod enables the connecting rod to overcome the elasticity of an elastic workpiece to generate displacement, the elastic workpiece is further compressed, a fixing plate is driven to move towards two sides, a matched battery pack with second friction plates arranged on the periphery is moved into a battery pack installation bin, then the electromagnet is powered off, the fixing plate is clamped towards the battery pack under the resilience force of the elastic workpiece, the first friction plate is tightly pressed with the second friction plates on the battery pack, so that static friction force exists on a vertical plane between the battery pack and the fixing plate, the battery pack is ensured not to generate displacement in the vertical plane, meanwhile, the opposite sides of the battery pack in the horizontal direction are provided with pressure from the elastic workpiece, and the battery pack is ensured not to generate displacement in the horizontal direction, the battery pack can be well fastened in the battery pack installation bin. When the battery pack is disassembled, the battery pack can be released only by electrifying the electromagnet and driving the fixing plate to move towards two sides, and then the disassembly can be completed by stopping electrifying the electromagnet. The battery pack fastening device is simple in structure, convenient and fast to install and detach, and high in efficiency.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack fastening device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a fixation plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the installation of the buffer plate and the compression spring according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the compression and release states of a fastening mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic mechanism diagram of a battery pack, a lifting device and a positioning device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a main battery pack and an auxiliary battery pack mounted on a frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an implementation scheme of electromagnet current control according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "vertical", "horizontal", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
It is noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description of the present invention are used for descriptive purposes only and are not intended to indicate or imply relative importance or order. In addition, in the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" means at least two unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment provides a battery pack fastening device, including at least a pair of fastening mechanisms 1 disposed oppositely;
the fastening mechanism 1 comprises a fixing plate 11, a first friction plate 12, an elastic workpiece 14, a connecting rod 13, an electromagnet 15 and a bearing 16;
the connecting rod 13 is mounted on the bearing 16, and one end of the connecting rod is connected with the fixing plate 11; the elastic workpiece 14 is arranged between the fixing plate 11 and the bearing 16, and is in a compressed state; the first friction plate 12 is arranged on one side of the fixing plate 11 far away from the connecting rod 13; the electromagnet 15 is arranged at the other end of the connecting rod 13 at a preset interval, and the electromagnet 15 is used for generating suction force on the connecting rod 13 when being electrified so as to overcome the elasticity of the elastic workpiece 14.
When the battery pack fastening device is used, the fastening mechanisms 1 are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the battery pack mounting bin, and the bearings 16 are mounted on the frame 4 through bolts. When the battery pack 2 is fastened, firstly, the electromagnet 15 is electrified, the connecting rod 13 is enabled to overcome the elasticity of the elastic workpiece 14 to generate displacement by the attraction force generated by the electromagnet 15 to the connecting rod 13, the elastic workpiece 14 is further compressed, meanwhile, the fixing plate 11 is driven to move towards two sides, at the moment, the matched battery pack 2 with the second friction plate 3 arranged around is moved into the battery pack installation bin, then, the electromagnet 15 is powered on, the fixing plate 11 is clamped towards the battery pack 2 under the resilience force of the elastic workpiece 14, at the moment, the first friction plate 12 is tightly pressed with the second friction plate 3 on the battery pack 2, so that the static friction force exists on the vertical plane between the battery pack 2 and the fixing plate 11, the battery pack 2 is ensured not to generate displacement in the vertical plane, meanwhile, the opposite sides of the battery pack 2 in the horizontal direction are provided with pressure from the elastic workpiece 14, and the battery pack 2 is ensured not to generate displacement in the horizontal direction, the battery pack 2 can be well fastened in the battery pack installation compartment. When the battery pack is disassembled, the electromagnet 15 is only needed to be electrified to drive the fixing plate 11 to move towards two sides, the battery pack 2 can be released, and then the electromagnet 15 is stopped to be electrified, so that the disassembling can be completed. The battery pack fastening device is simple in structure, convenient and fast to install and disassemble and high in efficiency.
It should be noted that, the mounting manner of the elastic workpiece 14 is slightly different according to the structure of the battery pack mounting bin, when the frame 4 is not separated between the bearing 16 and the fixing plate 11, two ends of the elastic workpiece 14 respectively abut against the fixing plate 11 and the bearing 16; when the bearing 16 is spaced apart from the fixed plate 11 by the frame 4, both ends of the elastic member 14 abut against the fixed plate 11 and the frame 4, respectively.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the fixing plate 11 preferably includes a housing 111, a buffer plate 112 disposed in the housing 111, and a plurality of compression springs 113; a plurality of grooves for placing a plurality of compression springs 113 are arranged in the shell 111, through holes for placing the compression springs 113 are arranged on the buffer plate 112 corresponding to the grooves, and the compression springs 113 are longitudinally arranged in spaces formed by the grooves in the shell 111 and the corresponding through holes on the buffer plate 112; one end of the connecting rod 13 penetrates through one side wall of the housing 111 to be connected with the buffer plate 112.
More specifically, the housing 111 includes a first housing and a second housing, the first housing and the second housing can be selectively combined together by bolts to form a housing 111 having a cavity, the first housing and the second housing are relatively provided with a plurality of grooves, the buffer plate 112 in the housing 111 is provided with through holes at corresponding positions, the grooves of the first housing and the second housing and the through holes at corresponding positions on the buffer plate 112 form a space for placing the compression spring 113, the size of the compression spring 113 is matched with the size of the space, the compression spring 113 is longitudinally placed in the space, and the grooves on the first housing and the second housing perform a longitudinal limiting function on the compression spring 113 placed therein.
In the vehicle driving process, the vibration from the frame 4 can be transmitted to the connecting rod 13, through the fixed plate 11 that sets up this structure, the connecting rod 13 can transmit the vibration to the buffer board 112, the buffer board 112 will vibrate and transmit to the casing 111 after buffering the vibration of vertical direction through a plurality of compression springs 113 again, the casing 111 transmits the vibration to the battery package 2 again, alright play the effect of buffering in the whole process of transmitting the vibration from the frame 4 to the battery package 2.
Preferably, a supporting plate extending horizontally outwards is arranged at the bottom of one side of the fixing plate 11 away from the connecting rod 13. Through setting up the backup pad, can play the effect of support to battery package 2, overcome battery package 2's self gravity, further strengthen the fastening effect. During implementation, the supporting plate can be selectively installed on the fixing plate through bolts, and can also be integrally formed.
In specific implementation, the number of the compression springs 113 in the fixing plate 11 can be set as desired, and is generally not more than 10, and preferably 4. As shown in fig. 3, there is provided an embodiment in which 4 compression springs 113 are provided, and four compression springs 113 are arranged in the through hole of the buffer plate 112 in a central symmetry.
Preferably, the connecting rod 13 includes a rod 131 and an iron block 132 disposed at one end of the rod 131 close to the electromagnet 15; the maximum outer diameter of the iron block 132 is larger than the bore diameter of the bearing 16. The maximum outer diameter of the iron block 132 is larger than the bore diameter of the bearing 16, so that the connecting rod 13 can be prevented from falling off, and the stability of the device is ensured.
In specific implementation, two ends of the rod 131 may be respectively connected to the iron block 132 and the buffer plate 112 by threads, and of course, the rod 131 and the iron block 132 may be formed integrally or the rod 131 and the buffer plate 112 may be formed integrally. The rod 131, the housing 111 of the fixed plate 11, and the buffer plate 112 are made of metal, such as stainless steel.
The elastic workpiece 14 is a compression spring, and the compression spring is sleeved on the connecting rod 13. Preferably, the elastic piece 14 corresponds to the position of the first friction plate 12 on the other side of the fixing plate 11.
Preferably, when the battery pack 2 is fastened, the electromagnets 15 of the fastening mechanism 1 arranged in pairs are electrified with current with the size descending in a step manner until the current is 0; when the battery pack 2 is disassembled, the electromagnets 15 of the fastening mechanism 1 which are arranged in pairs are electrified with currents which are increased in a step-type mode until a preset current value is reached. In specific implementation, the control of the current may be implemented by adjusting the duty ratio of the current input to the electromagnet 15, and as shown in fig. 7, an implementation scheme for adjusting the duty ratio of the current input to the electromagnet 15 is provided.
When the current of the electromagnet 15 is directly cut off during fastening the battery pack 2, the fixing plate 11 is pressed on the battery pack 2 for a very short time by a large elastic force, and there is a possibility that the horizontal direction stress is unbalanced due to variation in deformation of the elastic workpiece 14 in the fastening mechanism 1 disposed opposite to the fixing plate, and the battery pack 2 cannot be fixed at the center position. When the battery pack 2 is disassembled, if sufficient current is directly supplied to the electromagnet 15 at the same time, the resultant force of the battery pack 2 in the horizontal direction may not be zero during the process that the fixing plate leaves the battery pack, so that the battery pack 2 is squeezed in the horizontal direction.
When the battery pack 2 is fastened, the deformation of the elastic workpieces 14 in the oppositely arranged fastening mechanisms 1 can be kept consistent and does not change suddenly by applying current with the size descending in a stepped manner to 0 to the electromagnets 15 of the fastening mechanisms 1 arranged in pairs, so that the battery pack 2 is fastened at the central position. In the same way, when the battery pack is disassembled, the electromagnet 15 of the fastening mechanism 1 which is arranged in pairs is electrified with current with the size increased in a step mode until the preset current value is reached, so that the deformation of the elastic workpiece 14 in the fastening mechanism 1 which is arranged oppositely keeps consistent, and the battery pack 2 cannot be extruded in the horizontal direction. Through this current control mode, can realize that the battery package fastens smoothly and dismantles.
In specific implementation, the number of pairs of the fastening mechanisms 1 which are oppositely arranged in the battery pack fastening device is selected according to actual conditions. Mainly considering factors such as the size, the weight and the space of the frame 4 of the battery pack 2, if the battery pack 2 has small size and light weight, the battery pack 2 can be fastened by a pair of oppositely arranged fastening mechanisms 1; if the battery pack 2 has a large volume and a large weight, and the space of the vehicle driver cannot support the use of the large fastening mechanisms 1, a plurality of pairs of fastening mechanisms 1 can be symmetrically arranged on two opposite sides of the battery pack 2, or the fastening mechanisms 1 can be symmetrically arranged around the battery pack 2.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a battery pack mounting system is provided, which includes a positioning system, a lifting device 6, an auxiliary fixing device, and a battery pack fastening device as described in embodiment 1;
the positioning system comprises a plurality of laser transmitters (not shown) and a plurality of laser receiving and sensing devices 5, wherein the laser transmitters are arranged at the top of a battery pack installation bin on the frame 4, the laser receiving and sensing devices 5 are arranged at the top of the battery pack 2, and the laser receiving and sensing devices 5 correspond to the laser transmitters in position one by one;
the lifting device 6 is arranged at the bottom of the battery pack 2 and used for controlling the lifting of the battery pack 2;
the auxiliary fixing device comprises a second friction plate 3 arranged on the outer side of the battery pack 2;
the battery pack fastening device is arranged around the battery pack mounting bin on the frame 4.
When the battery pack installation system is used, firstly, the plurality of laser transmitters vertically downwards emit laser, a user pushes the battery pack 2 to a corresponding position under the guidance of the laser, and when the plurality of laser beams correspond to the plurality of laser receiving and sensing devices 5, the positioning is completed. Then the electromagnet 15 in the battery pack fastening device is electrified to enable the fixing plate 11 to generate displacement; then the lifting device 6 works to drive the battery pack 2 to rise for a preset distance, so that the battery pack 2 enters the battery pack installation bin; then the current of the electromagnet 15 in the battery pack fastening device is cut off or gradually reduced to zero, and the fixing plate 11 moves under the action of the elastic workpiece 14 and clamps the battery pack 2; and finally, resetting the lifting device 6 to enable the lifting device 6 to be retracted to the bottom of the battery pack 2, namely completing the installation work. When the device is disassembled, the installation process is operated reversely.
Preferably, the positioning system further comprises a controller electrically connected with the plurality of laser receiving and sensing devices 5, and an alarm module electrically connected with the controller; when the controller receives the electric signals sent by the laser receiving and sensing devices 5 at the same time, an alarm signal is sent to the alarm module to send out a prompt, and the prompt can be a sound prompt or a light prompt according to the type of the selected alarm module.
Because battery package installation storehouse sets up in the vehicle bottom, when fixing a position, be not convenient for judge whether pinpoint, through setting up controller and alarm module, when the signal of telecommunication that a plurality of laser receiving induction system sent is received simultaneously to the controller, send alarm signal and give alarm module, alarm module sends the suggestion to the user judges the location success.
In this embodiment, the lifting device 6 includes a rectangular fixing frame 61, a motor 62, a first supporting member 63, a second supporting member 64, a sliding rod 65, and traveling wheels 66 disposed at the bottoms of four corners of the fixing frame; the motor 62 is fixed in the middle of one of the cross bars of the fixed frame 61, two ends of the sliding bar 65 are respectively sleeved on the two cross bars of the fixed frame 61 in a sliding manner, and the telescopic rod of the motor 62 is connected with the middle of the sliding bar 65; the lower end of the first support member 63 is rotatably connected to the slide bar 65, and the upper end thereof is slidably disposed at the bottom of the battery pack 2; the lower end of the second supporting member 64 is rotatably connected to the other cross bar of the fixing frame 61, and the upper end thereof is slidably disposed at the bottom of the battery pack 2; and the middle portions of the first and second supports 63 and 64 are rotatably connected by a transverse shaft. The working principle is as follows: when the battery pack 2 ascends, the telescopic rod of the motor 62 extends out of the preset length to push the sliding rod 65 to generate certain displacement along the cross rod of the fixed frame 61, so that the angle of the first supporting piece 63 changes, and meanwhile, the angle of the second supporting piece 64 is driven to change, so that the first supporting piece 63 and the second supporting piece 64 support the battery pack 2 to ascend together; when the battery pack 2 is reset, the motor 62 rotates reversely, the telescopic rod retracts, the sliding rod 65 resets, and the angles of the first support 63 and the second support 64 are changed and reset, so that the battery pack 2 is lowered.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a partial battery replacing method is provided, in which battery replacement is performed based on the battery pack installation system as described above, a main battery pack 7 of a dual-battery-pack electric vehicle is fixed on a vehicle frame 4, and an auxiliary battery pack 2 installation bin is further disposed on the vehicle frame 4; the laser receiving and sensing devices 5 are arranged at the top of the auxiliary battery pack 2, the second friction plate 3 is arranged at the outer side of the auxiliary battery pack 2, the lifting device is arranged at the bottom of the auxiliary battery pack 2, the laser transmitters are arranged at the top of the auxiliary battery pack mounting bin, and the battery pack fastening device is arranged at the periphery of the auxiliary battery pack mounting bin; the process comprises the following steps:
during installation, the auxiliary battery pack 2 is moved to the bottom of the vehicle, and the laser receiving and sensing devices 5 correspond to the lasers emitted by the laser emitters vertically downwards to complete positioning;
the electromagnet 15 in the battery pack fastening device is electrified to enable the fixing plate 11 to move out of the auxiliary battery pack mounting bin;
the lifting device 6 works to control the auxiliary battery pack 2 to ascend by a preset distance;
the electromagnet 15 in the battery pack fastening device stops electrifying, and the fixing plate 11 is pushed under the action of the resilience force of the elastic workpiece 14, so that the first friction plate 12 and the second friction plate 3 are pressed tightly to finish fastening;
the lifting device 6 is reset, so that the lifting device 6 is retracted to the bottom of the auxiliary battery pack 2 to complete the installation
When the device is disassembled, the lifting device 6 works to enable the bottom of the lifting device 6 to contact the ground;
the electromagnet 15 in the battery pack fastening device is electrified to enable the fixing plate 11 to move out of the auxiliary battery pack mounting bin, and the auxiliary battery pack 2 is released;
the lifting device 6 is reset to lead the auxiliary battery pack 2 to descend;
the electromagnet 15 in the battery pack fastening device stops electrifying, and the fixing plate 11 resets under the effect of the resilience force of the elastic workpiece 14 to finish the disassembly.
The partial battery replacement method can solve the problems that the current battery replacement process of the whole vehicle is complicated and the construction cost of a charging station is high.
It is understood that the same or similar parts in the above embodiments may be mutually referred to, and the same or similar parts in other embodiments may be referred to for the content which is not described in detail in some embodiments.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A battery pack fastening device is characterized by comprising at least one pair of fastening mechanisms which are oppositely arranged;
the fastening mechanism comprises a fixing plate, a first friction plate, an elastic workpiece, a connecting rod, an electromagnet and a bearing;
the connecting rod is arranged on the bearing, and one end of the connecting rod is connected with the fixing plate; the elastic workpiece is arranged between the fixing plate and the bearing and is in a compressed state; the first friction plate is arranged on one side, far away from the connecting rod, of the fixing plate; the electromagnet is arranged at the other end of the connecting rod and is spaced by a preset distance, and the electromagnet is used for generating suction to the connecting rod when being electrified so as to overcome the elasticity of the elastic workpiece;
when the battery pack is fastened, electromagnets of the fastening mechanisms which are arranged in pairs are electrified with currents which descend in a step-shaped mode until the currents are 0; when the battery pack is disassembled, the electromagnets of the fastening mechanisms which are arranged in pairs are electrified with currents with the sizes increased in a step mode until the preset current value is reached.
2. The battery pack securing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the fixing plate comprises a housing, a buffer plate disposed in the housing, and a plurality of compression springs;
a plurality of grooves for placing a plurality of compression springs are formed in the shell, through holes for placing the compression springs are formed in the buffer plate corresponding to the grooves, and the compression springs are longitudinally arranged in spaces formed by the grooves in the shell and the corresponding through holes in the buffer plate; one end of the connecting rod penetrates through one side wall of the shell and is connected with the buffer plate.
3. The battery pack securing device according to claim 1, wherein a bottom portion of a side of the fixing plate remote from the connecting rod is provided with a support plate extending horizontally outward.
4. The battery pack fastening device according to claim 1, wherein the connecting rod includes a rod body and an iron block provided at an end of the rod body near the electromagnet; the maximum outer diameter of the iron block is larger than the bore diameter of the bearing.
5. The battery pack securing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the elastic member is a compression spring, and the compression spring is fitted over the connecting rod.
6. The battery pack securing device according to claim 1, wherein the battery pack securing device comprises a plurality of pairs of the securing mechanisms arranged in opposition.
7. A battery pack mounting system comprising a positioning system, a lifting device, an auxiliary fixing device and a battery pack fastening device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6;
the positioning system comprises a plurality of laser transmitters and a plurality of laser receiving and sensing devices, the laser transmitters are arranged at the top of a battery pack mounting bin on the frame, the laser receiving and sensing devices are arranged at the top of a battery pack, and the laser receiving and sensing devices correspond to the laser transmitters in position one by one;
the lifting device is arranged at the bottom of the battery pack and used for controlling the lifting of the battery pack;
the auxiliary fixing device comprises a second friction plate arranged on the outer side of the battery pack;
the battery pack fastening device is arranged on the periphery of the battery pack mounting bin on the frame.
8. The battery pack mounting system of claim 7, wherein the positioning system further comprises a controller electrically connected to the plurality of laser receiver sensors, and an alarm module electrically connected to the controller; when the controller receives the electric signals sent by the laser receiving and sensing devices at the same time, an alarm signal is sent to an alarm module to send out a prompt.
9. A partial battery replacement method is characterized in that battery replacement is carried out based on the battery pack installation system of claim 7 or 8, a main battery pack of a double-battery-pack electric vehicle is fixed on a vehicle frame, and an auxiliary battery pack installation bin is further arranged on the vehicle frame; the laser receiving and sensing devices are arranged at the top of the auxiliary battery pack, the second friction plate is arranged on the outer side of the auxiliary battery pack, the lifting device is arranged at the bottom of the auxiliary battery pack, the laser transmitters are arranged at the top of the auxiliary battery pack mounting bin, and the battery pack fastening device is arranged around the auxiliary battery pack mounting bin; the process comprises the following steps:
during installation, the auxiliary battery pack is moved to the bottom of the vehicle, and the plurality of laser receiving and sensing devices correspond to the lasers emitted by the plurality of laser emitters vertically downwards to complete positioning;
the electromagnet in the battery pack fastening device is electrified to enable the fixing plate to move out of the auxiliary battery pack mounting bin;
the lifting device works to control the auxiliary battery pack to ascend for a preset distance;
the electromagnet in the battery pack fastening device stops electrifying, and the fixing plate is pushed under the action of the resilience force of the elastic workpiece, so that the first friction plate and the second friction plate are tightly pressed to finish fastening;
the lifting device is reset to enable the lifting device to be retracted to the bottom of the auxiliary battery pack, and installation is completed
When the lifting device is detached, the lifting device works to enable the bottom of the lifting device to contact the ground;
the electromagnet in the battery pack fastening device is electrified to enable the fixing plate to move out of the auxiliary battery pack mounting bin, so that the auxiliary battery pack is released;
the lifting device resets to enable the auxiliary battery pack to descend;
the electromagnet in the battery pack fastening device stops electrifying, and the fixing plate resets under the effect of the resilience force of the elastic workpiece to finish the disassembly.
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| CN202110411367.2A CN113140862B (en) | 2021-04-16 | 2021-04-16 | Battery pack fastening device, mounting system and partial battery replacement method |
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| CN202110411367.2A CN113140862B (en) | 2021-04-16 | 2021-04-16 | Battery pack fastening device, mounting system and partial battery replacement method |
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| CN113140862A CN113140862A (en) | 2021-07-20 |
| CN113140862B true CN113140862B (en) | 2022-07-22 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113964398B (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2023-10-13 | 合肥召洋电子科技有限公司 | Battery pack shell disassembling and replacing tool |
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| CN113140862A (en) | 2021-07-20 |
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