CN113140734A - Method for preparing modified current collector aluminum foil at room temperature - Google Patents
Method for preparing modified current collector aluminum foil at room temperature Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113140734A CN113140734A CN202110366230.XA CN202110366230A CN113140734A CN 113140734 A CN113140734 A CN 113140734A CN 202110366230 A CN202110366230 A CN 202110366230A CN 113140734 A CN113140734 A CN 113140734A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- aluminum foil
- current collector
- solution
- modified
- iron phosphate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
- H01M4/661—Metal or alloys, e.g. alloy coatings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0471—Processes of manufacture in general involving thermal treatment, e.g. firing, sintering, backing particulate active material, thermal decomposition, pyrolysis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a modified aluminum foil by adopting a dipping method, which mainly comprises the following steps: 100 mL of the solution was prepared at a concentration of 0.4 mol. L‑1～0.6 mol·L‑1Then 0.05 g to 0.14 g of certain surfactant is added into the solution and mixed evenly. Meanwhile, a current collector aluminum foil of a positive electrode material of a commercial lithium battery is washed with distilled water, ethanol and distilled water in sequence, and then the aluminum foil is naturally air-dried in the air. And vertically placing the aluminum foil into the prepared solution, soaking for 6-18 h at room temperature, taking out the aluminum foil, washing with deionized water, and blow-drying with cold air to obtain the aluminum foil modified with the metal simple substance. The modified aluminum foil is used as a current collector to assemble a lithium iron phosphate electrode, so that the capacity of the lithium iron phosphate can be improved by 15-25%. Reaction of the inventionThe method has the advantages of mild conditions, no need of consuming other energy, simplicity, feasibility, safety, controllability and suitability for large-scale production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for preparing a modified lithium battery positive electrode material current collector aluminum foil at room temperature by adopting a chemical impregnation method, and belongs to the technical field of energy materials.
Background
Lithium ion batteries have been widely used in many fields due to their advantages of high energy density, wide operating temperature range, superior cycle performance, long service life, and the like. Currently, with the popularization of electric vehicles, the development of lithium batteries with energy density and high power density is one of the hot issues in the battery industry. Therefore, increasing the capacity of lithium batteries to increase their energy density and power density is one of the first tasks to be solved. The theoretical capacity of the negative electrode material graphite of the lithium battery is far higher than that of the positive electrode material, so how to improve the capacity of the positive electrode material is very important. Although there are many reports on the positive electrode material of the novel lithium battery, besides the ternary material, lithium iron phosphate is still the main positive electrode material of the lithium battery due to the advantages of high theoretical capacity, reliable safety and the like. Literature research shows that doping carbon and metal particles in lithium iron phosphate is a common method for improving the capacity of lithium iron phosphate, but the two methods have the defects of complex process and the like, and are rarely reported in the actual production of lithium batteries.
The lithium iron phosphate electrode is mainly composed of an active lithium iron phosphate material and a current-collecting aluminum foil, so that the surface of the aluminum foil is properly modified to properly improve the discharge capacity of the lithium iron phosphate. The current method for modifying the surface of the current collector aluminum foil mainly comprises the following steps: (1) the uneven aluminum foil surface is formed by using the corrosion action of weak acid, so that the combination condition between the active lithium iron phosphate material and the current collector aluminum foil can be improved to a certain extent, and the aim of improving the discharge capacity of the lithium iron phosphate is fulfilled; (2) the metal oxide is grown on the surface of the aluminum foil of the current collector by a chemical or electrochemical method so as to achieve the purposes of inhibiting the oxidation of the aluminum foil and improving the performance of the lithium iron phosphate. Literature research shows that no research report for improving the discharge capacity of lithium iron phosphate by generating a metal simple substance on the surface of an aluminum foil by a chemical immersion method is found so far.
Disclosure of Invention
The idea of the invention is that a metal salt solution of acetic acid is prepared first, and then a small amount of certain surfactant is added into the salt solution to obtain a metal salt solution containing the surfactant. And then, putting a current collector aluminum foil used by the positive electrode material of the commercial lithium battery into the solution, and soaking for a period of time to grow metal on the surface of the aluminum foil to form a modified aluminum foil. The modification method is completed at room temperature, does not consume other energy, and has the characteristics of simple and easy operation and suitability for large-scale production. It is expensive that the discharge capacity of lithium iron phosphate can be increased by 15% or more when the modified aluminum foil is used and the discharge capacity is 2C rate or less.
In particular to a method for preparing a modified current collector aluminum foil at room temperature,
the method comprises the following steps:
(1) material preparation
Metal salt: one of zinc acetate dihydrate and cobalt acetate tetrahydrate;
surfactant (b): one of Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB) and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate;
aluminum foil: current collector aluminum foils for commercial lithium battery positive electrode materials;
solution: preparing by using deionized water;
(2) preparation of modified aluminum foil
First, 100 mL of a solution having a concentration of 0.4 mol. L was prepared-1～0.6 mol·L-1And adding 0.05 g to 0.14 g of surfactant into the solution to prepare a uniformly mixed solution, simultaneously, sequentially cleaning a current collector aluminum foil of the positive electrode material of the commercial lithium battery with distilled water, ethanol and distilled water, naturally air-drying the aluminum foil in the air, vertically placing the aluminum foil into the prepared solution, soaking for 6 to 18 hours at room temperature, taking out the aluminum foil, washing with deionized water, and drying with cold air to obtain the aluminum foil modified with the metal simple substance.
The modified aluminum foil is used as a current collector to assemble a lithium iron phosphate electrode, so that the capacity of the lithium iron phosphate can be improved by 15-25%.
Further tests show that the metal simple substance modified on the surface of the aluminum foil is zinc or cobalt, and the modified aluminum foil is used as a current collector, so that the capacity of the lithium iron phosphate can be remarkably improved.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the method is carried out at room temperature, has mild conditions, does not need to consume other energy, is simple and feasible, is safe and controllable, is suitable for large-scale production, and has commercial application prospect. On the basis of not changing the prior art, the modified aluminum foil is used as a novel current collector of the lithium iron phosphate, so that the capacity of the lithium iron phosphate can be obviously improved, and the method has practicality and operability and is easy for commercial production.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a first charge-discharge curve diagram of a half-cell composed of elemental lithium and lithium iron phosphate assembled by using an original aluminum foil (o) and a modified aluminum foil (a) as current collectors under a 0.2C rate.
Fig. 2 is a discharge specific capacity cycle diagram of a half-cell composed of elementary lithium and lithium iron phosphate assembled by using an original aluminum foil (o) and a modified aluminum foil (a) as current collectors under different multiplying powers.
Detailed Description
The following examples serve to illustrate the invention.
Example 1
100 mL of the solution was prepared at a concentration of 0.5 mol. L-1Then 0.07 g surfactant CTAB was added to the solution and mixed well. Meanwhile, a current collector aluminum foil of a positive electrode material of a commercial lithium battery is washed with distilled water, ethanol and distilled water in sequence, and then the aluminum foil is naturally air-dried in the air. And vertically placing the aluminum foil into the prepared solution, soaking for 12 hours at room temperature, taking out the aluminum foil, washing with deionized water, and drying with cold air to obtain the aluminum foil modified with the metal simple substance.
And respectively taking the original aluminum foil o and the aluminum foil a modified by the dipping method as current collectors of the lithium iron phosphate material, and assembling the half-cell with the elementary lithium. The preparation process of the lithium iron phosphate electrode comprises the following steps of weighing lithium iron phosphate, acetylene black and polyvinylidene fluoride according to the mass ratio of 8:1:1, grinding the materials in an agate mortar together to uniformly mix the three materials, and then dropwise adding a proper amount of the materialsAnd preparing the N-methylpyrrolidone into paste, uniformly pressing the obtained paste on an aluminum foil by using a glass sheet, putting the aluminum foil coated with the lithium iron phosphate into a vacuum drying box, and drying in vacuum. Naturally cooling to obtain the lithium iron phosphate electrode, and then taking a simple substance lithium sheet as the other electrode and Celgard2400 as a diaphragm to contain 1 mol. L-1 LiPF6The organic solution of (a) was used as an electrolyte, and a half cell composed of lithium iron phosphate and elemental lithium was assembled in a glove box (ZKX type, manufactured by south tokyo instruments) filled with high-purity nitrogen gas, and a conventional charge and discharge test was performed. The results show that the capacity of lithium iron phosphate can be improved by 21% by using the modified aluminum foil as the current collector at a rate of 0.2C.
In the figure, fig. 1 is a first charge-discharge curve diagram of a half-cell composed of elementary lithium and lithium iron phosphate assembled by using an original aluminum foil (o) and a modified aluminum foil (a) as current collectors under the magnification of 0.2C. It can be seen that when the original aluminum foil o is used as a current collector, the first discharge specific capacity of the lithium iron phosphate is 146.9 mAhg-1The modified aluminum foil a is used as a current collector, and the first discharge specific capacity of the lithium iron phosphate is 177.7 mAh g-1The improvement is nearly 21%.
In the figure, fig. 2 is a discharge specific capacity cycle diagram of a half-cell composed of elementary lithium and lithium iron phosphate assembled by using an original aluminum foil (o) and a modified aluminum foil (a) as current collectors under different multiplying powers. It can be seen that the capacity of the lithium iron phosphate used as the current collector a is significantly higher than that of the lithium iron phosphate used as the current collector o at different discharge rates from 0.2C to 2C. The discharge specific capacity of the lithium iron phosphate can reach 168.3 mAh g after 40 cycles under different multiplying powers and then returns to 0.2C multiplying power again-1And the capacity of the lithium iron phosphate is obviously higher than that of the lithium iron phosphate using the original aluminum foil.
Example 2
100 mL of the solution was prepared at a concentration of 0.5 mol. L-1Then 0.05 g of CTAB surfactant was added to the solution and mixed well. Meanwhile, a current collector aluminum foil of a positive electrode material of a commercial lithium battery is sequentially washed with distilled water, ethanol and distilled water, and then the aluminum foil is naturally placed in the airAnd (5) air drying. And vertically placing the aluminum foil into the prepared solution, soaking for 12 hours at room temperature, taking out the aluminum foil, washing with deionized water, and drying with cold air to obtain the aluminum foil modified with the metal simple substance. Half-cells composed of elemental lithium and lithium iron phosphate were assembled as current collectors according to the procedure of example 1, and conventional charge and discharge tests were performed. The capacity of the lithium iron phosphate can be improved by 18% under the multiplying power of 0.2C.
Example 3
100 mL of the solution was prepared at a concentration of 0.6 mol. L-1Zinc acetate solution, 0.07 g surfactant CTAB was added to the solution and mixed well. Meanwhile, a current collector aluminum foil of a positive electrode material of a commercial lithium battery is washed with distilled water, ethanol and distilled water in sequence, and then the aluminum foil is naturally air-dried in the air. And vertically placing the aluminum foil into the prepared solution, soaking for 10 hours at room temperature, taking out the aluminum foil, washing with deionized water, and drying with cold air to obtain the aluminum foil modified with the metal simple substance. A battery was assembled as a current collector according to the procedure of example 1, and a conventional charge and discharge test was performed. The capacity of the lithium iron phosphate can be improved by 23% at a rate of 0.2C.
Example 4
100 mL of the solution was prepared at a concentration of 0.45 mol. L-1Zinc acetate solution, 0.09 g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate was added to the solution and mixed well. Meanwhile, a current collector aluminum foil of a positive electrode material of a commercial lithium battery is washed with distilled water, ethanol and distilled water in sequence, and then the aluminum foil is naturally air-dried in the air. And vertically placing the aluminum foil into the prepared solution, soaking for 8 hours at room temperature, taking out the aluminum foil, washing with deionized water, and drying with cold air to obtain the aluminum foil modified with the metal simple substance. The lithium iron phosphate lithium secondary battery is assembled as a current collector according to the steps of example 1, and a conventional charge and discharge test is performed. The capacity of the lithium iron phosphate can be improved by 19% under the multiplying power of 0.2C.
Example 5
100 mL of the solution was prepared at a concentration of 0.45 mol. L-1Zinc acetate solution, 0.10 g sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate was added to the solutionAnd mixing uniformly. Meanwhile, a current collector aluminum foil of a positive electrode material of a commercial lithium battery is washed with distilled water, ethanol and distilled water in sequence, and then the aluminum foil is naturally air-dried in the air. And vertically placing the aluminum foil into the prepared solution, soaking for 10 hours at room temperature, taking out the aluminum foil, washing with deionized water, and drying with cold air to obtain the aluminum foil modified with the metal simple substance. The lithium iron phosphate lithium secondary battery is assembled as a current collector according to the steps of example 1, and a conventional charge and discharge test is performed. The capacity of the lithium iron phosphate can be improved by 20% at a rate of 0.2C.
Example 6
100 mL of the solution was prepared at a concentration of 0.45 mol. L-1Zinc acetate solution, 0.12 g sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate was added to the solution and mixed well. Meanwhile, a current collector aluminum foil of a positive electrode material of a commercial lithium battery is washed with distilled water, ethanol and distilled water in sequence, and then the aluminum foil is naturally air-dried in the air. And vertically placing the aluminum foil into the prepared solution, soaking for 10 hours at room temperature, taking out the aluminum foil, washing with deionized water, and drying with cold air to obtain the aluminum foil modified with the metal simple substance. The lithium iron phosphate lithium secondary battery is assembled as a current collector according to the steps of example 1, and a conventional charge and discharge test is performed. The capacity of the lithium iron phosphate can be improved by 23% at a rate of 0.2C.
Claims (1)
1. A method for preparing a modified current collector aluminum foil at room temperature is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) material preparation
Metal salt: one of zinc acetate dihydrate and cobalt acetate tetrahydrate;
surfactant (b): cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB) and Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (SDBS);
aluminum foil: current collector aluminum foils for commercial lithium battery positive electrode materials;
solution: preparing by using deionized water;
(2) preparation of modified aluminum foil
First, 100 is preparedThe mL concentration is 0.4 mol.L-1～0.6 mol·L-1Adding 0.05 g to 0.14 g of surfactant into the solution to prepare a uniformly mixed solution, simultaneously, sequentially cleaning a current collector aluminum foil of a commercial lithium battery anode material by using distilled water, ethanol and distilled water, naturally air-drying the aluminum foil in the air, vertically placing the aluminum foil into the prepared solution, soaking for 6 to 18 hours at room temperature, taking out the aluminum foil, washing with deionized water, and drying with cold air to obtain the aluminum foil modified with the metal simple substance;
(3) the aluminum foil after modification is used as a current collector for assembling the lithium iron phosphate electrode.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110366230.XA CN113140734A (en) | 2021-04-06 | 2021-04-06 | Method for preparing modified current collector aluminum foil at room temperature |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110366230.XA CN113140734A (en) | 2021-04-06 | 2021-04-06 | Method for preparing modified current collector aluminum foil at room temperature |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113140734A true CN113140734A (en) | 2021-07-20 |
Family
ID=76811726
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110366230.XA Pending CN113140734A (en) | 2021-04-06 | 2021-04-06 | Method for preparing modified current collector aluminum foil at room temperature |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113140734A (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101139092A (en) * | 2007-10-29 | 2008-03-12 | 山西大同大学 | Method for preparing nanometer carbon tube on the aluminum foil |
| CN101303936A (en) * | 2008-07-01 | 2008-11-12 | 上海大学 | Method for improving middle low voltage aluminum corroding electrode foil specific capacitance |
| CN103811768A (en) * | 2014-02-22 | 2014-05-21 | 深圳市旭冉电子有限公司 | Concave pit lithium ion battery current collector as well as manufacturing method and equipment of concave pit lithium ion battery current collector |
| CN109390550A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-02-26 | 遵义源创生产力促进中心有限公司 | A kind of positive pole aluminium foil collector performance improvement method |
| CN112421051A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-02-26 | 河北零点新能源科技有限公司 | Preparation method of cuprous oxide modified copper foil at room temperature |
-
2021
- 2021-04-06 CN CN202110366230.XA patent/CN113140734A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101139092A (en) * | 2007-10-29 | 2008-03-12 | 山西大同大学 | Method for preparing nanometer carbon tube on the aluminum foil |
| CN101303936A (en) * | 2008-07-01 | 2008-11-12 | 上海大学 | Method for improving middle low voltage aluminum corroding electrode foil specific capacitance |
| CN103811768A (en) * | 2014-02-22 | 2014-05-21 | 深圳市旭冉电子有限公司 | Concave pit lithium ion battery current collector as well as manufacturing method and equipment of concave pit lithium ion battery current collector |
| CN109390550A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-02-26 | 遵义源创生产力促进中心有限公司 | A kind of positive pole aluminium foil collector performance improvement method |
| CN112421051A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-02-26 | 河北零点新能源科技有限公司 | Preparation method of cuprous oxide modified copper foil at room temperature |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| SHUWEN KANG，ET AL.: "Enhancing Performance of a Lithium Ion Battery by Optimizing the Surface Properties of the Current Collector", 《INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE》 * |
| 张宝宏，等: "集流体改性对双电层电容器性能的影响", 《电源技术》 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN108539171B (en) | Preparation method of zinc sulfide and graphene oxide compound and application of compound in positive electrode material of lithium-sulfur battery | |
| CN112563586B (en) | Method for improving performance of zinc-iodine battery based on halogen bond effect | |
| CN109659511B (en) | SiO (silicon dioxide)2Coated ternary positive electrode material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN110304614A (en) | A kind of transition metal phosphide Fe2P negative electrode material | |
| CN112909232A (en) | Sodium fluoride impregnated and coated vanadium-doped porous structure ferric sodium pyrophosphate cathode material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN107968195A (en) | A kind of lithium-rich anode material of LiFePO4 cladding and preparation method thereof | |
| CN112421051A (en) | Preparation method of cuprous oxide modified copper foil at room temperature | |
| CN111584866A (en) | Preparation method of high-rate artificial graphite negative electrode material | |
| CN111039268A (en) | CoP/C nano composite material, preparation method and application | |
| CN112980436A (en) | Carbon quantum dot derived carbon nanosheet composite silicon dioxide cathode material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN114792804B (en) | 3D printing positive electrode ink, positive electrode forming method using same and application | |
| CN107492656B (en) | Self-supporting NaVPO4F/C sodium ion composite anode and preparation method thereof | |
| CN114702614A (en) | Cathode material for improving cycling stability of vulcanized polyacrylonitrile battery and preparation method thereof | |
| CN108682823A (en) | A kind of preparation method of lithium iron phosphate battery positive material | |
| CN111430715B (en) | Two-dimensional Ti3C2TxPreparation method and application of modified carbon fluoride composite positive electrode material | |
| CN114843459A (en) | Antimony pentasulfide-based material and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN113140734A (en) | Method for preparing modified current collector aluminum foil at room temperature | |
| CN113725431A (en) | By graphene-SiO2Preparation and application of modified lithium iron phosphate cathode material | |
| CN113526527A (en) | Prussian blue positive electrode material of sodium ion battery and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN108807889B (en) | Preparation method and application of porous iron-doped vanadium oxide electrode material | |
| CN112390284A (en) | Preparation method of tin oxide modified cobalt-zinc bimetallic organic framework derived carbon composite material | |
| CN114597403B (en) | Method for improving graphite capacity of lithium battery negative electrode material by using cuprous iodide suspension as additive | |
| CN112054194A (en) | Phosphorus-modified lithium ion battery positive electrode material and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN116826059B (en) | Lithium battery negative electrode material applied to marine environment and preparation method thereof | |
| CN114583137B (en) | Method for modifying carbon surface by sulfur doped phosphorus and application thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20210720 |