CN113139306A - Numerical prediction method for cavitation noise of composite propeller - Google Patents
Numerical prediction method for cavitation noise of composite propeller Download PDFInfo
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- CN113139306A CN113139306A CN202010052513.2A CN202010052513A CN113139306A CN 113139306 A CN113139306 A CN 113139306A CN 202010052513 A CN202010052513 A CN 202010052513A CN 113139306 A CN113139306 A CN 113139306A
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- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a numerical prediction method of composite propeller cavitation noise, which comprises the following steps: constructing a geometric model of the propeller by using three-dimensional configuration software according to the design size of the propeller; completing the construction of a hydrodynamic model; establishing a finite element model of the composite propeller by using finite element software; carrying out cavitation performance simulation calculation on the composite material propeller to obtain a cavitation numerical simulation result, and obtaining the difference between the hydrodynamic performance and the cavitation performance of the composite material propeller and the metal material propeller; storing cavitation bubble numerical simulation results obtained in the fluid analysis software; constructing an acoustic calculation model of the composite propeller, and setting a plurality of monitoring points in the acoustic calculation model; and (5) comparing and analyzing the attenuation change rule of the cavitation radiation noise at different positions. The method can well predict the radiation condition of the vibration noise of the propeller and provide reference for the design of the low-noise propeller.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a numerical prediction method of composite propeller cavitation noise, and belongs to the technical field of composite propeller noise.
Background
With the development of ships gradually tending to large-scale and high-speed, the load of propeller blades is continuously increased, and the cavitation phenomenon is inevitable. When the surface of the propeller is provided with cavitation bubbles, the pressure on the surface of the blade is about steam pressure in the area where the cavitation bubbles occur, so that the hydrodynamic force rule of the blade in the original full-wet flow is damaged, the hydrodynamic force performance of the propeller is influenced, and the propulsion efficiency of the propeller is reduced; meanwhile, when the cavitation bubbles collapse, the paddle and the two-phase flow have strong interaction in a cavitation bubble area, and can cause serious erosion to the surface material of the paddle; more importantly, cavitation can also generate cavitation noise, which can seriously affect the comfort and safety of the ship. The traditional metal propeller is very easy to generate cavitation and erosion when cavitation occurs, and because the acoustic damping performance of metal is poor, vibration is easy to generate so as to cause noise. How to effectively forecast the cavitation phenomenon and the cavitation noise of the propeller is of great importance to improving the propulsion performance and the noise performance of the propeller.
As can be known from relevant documents at home and abroad, research on the composite propeller mostly focuses on the aspects of fluid-solid coupling design and preparation process, and reports on the cavitation performance and the cavitation noise of the composite propeller are few. The invention closely surrounds the characteristics of the composite material, and provides a numerical forecasting method of the cavitation noise of the composite material propeller by combining a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method, a computational acoustic method (CAA) and a Finite Element Method (FEM), so as to quickly realize the low cavitation design of the composite material propeller and effectively control the cavitation noise.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a numerical prediction method of cavitation noise of a composite propeller, which aims to solve the problems of serious cavitation phenomenon and high cavitation noise of the existing propeller.
A numerical prediction method for cavitation noise of a composite propeller comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that a geometric model of the propeller is built by using three-dimensional configuration software according to the design size of the propeller;
establishing a computational fluid domain by using a computational fluid dynamics pre-processor based on the geometric model, and performing grid division to complete the construction of a hydrodynamic model;
step three, establishing a finite element model of the composite propeller by using finite element software;
fourthly, performing cavitation performance simulation calculation on the composite propeller based on the hydrodynamic model and the finite element model to obtain a cavitation numerical simulation result, importing information of the non-uniform wake field into fluid analysis software in a form of compiling a profile file, defining related boundary conditions and fluid-solid coupling interfaces by setting corresponding cavitation models, material parameters and fluid calculation parameters, and obtaining different cavitation numbers and changes of cavitation positions and forms on the blades at different advancing speeds through calculation to complete the prediction of the cavitation performance of the composite propeller in a steady state and an unsteady state, and further comparing the prediction to obtain the difference between the hydrodynamic performance and the cavitation performance of the composite propeller and the metal propeller;
fifthly, storing cavitation numerical simulation results obtained in the fluid analysis software into a universal Ensight format;
step six, constructing an acoustic calculation model of the composite propeller by using computational acoustic software, and setting a plurality of monitoring points in the acoustic calculation model, wherein the acoustic calculation model comprises an acoustic finite element and an acoustic infinite element;
introducing a cavitation numerical simulation result obtained in fluid analysis software into computational acoustic software, converting CFD basic quantity into a sound source, inserting the sound source into an acoustic grid by using an integral method, and calculating a sound pressure signal at a sound receiving point by using the obtained sound source data through Fourier transform, wherein CFD is computational fluid dynamics;
and eighthly, calculating the propagation process of the sound source signal by using acoustic software, deriving preset sound pressure change curves and power spectral density curves of a plurality of monitoring points, and comparing and analyzing the attenuation change rules of the cavitation radiation noise at different positions.
Further, the acoustic finite element is used for simulating the vibration sound radiation of a near sound field; the acoustic infinite element is used for simulating far-field radiation.
Further, the cavitation numerical simulation results in the first step and the fifth step are pressure, speed and density.
The main advantages of the invention are: the invention relates to a numerical forecasting method for cavitation noise of a composite propeller, in particular to numerical calculation for forecasting vibration noise of a composite propeller of a ship, which can well forecast the radiation condition of the vibration noise of the propeller and provide reference for the design of a low-noise propeller.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fluid-solid coupling process;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of cavitation noise analysis.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides an embodiment of a numerical prediction method of composite propeller cavitation noise, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that a geometric model of the propeller is built by using three-dimensional configuration software according to the design size of the propeller;
establishing a computational fluid domain by using a computational fluid dynamics pre-processor based on the geometric model, and performing grid division to complete the construction of a hydrodynamic model;
establishing a finite element model of the composite propeller by using finite element software, constructing the variable-thickness thick-shell composite propeller blade by adopting a solid unit, constructing the sandwich composite propeller blade by combining the shell unit and the solid unit, and determining different layering schemes, interlayer thicknesses, material systems (such as carbon fibers, glass fibers, kevlar fibers and the like are selected as fibers, and epoxy groups, vinyl resins and the like are selected as resins) and the like according to design requirements, design working conditions and blade profiles;
fourthly, performing cavitation performance simulation calculation on the composite propeller based on the hydrodynamic model and the finite element model to obtain a cavitation numerical simulation result, importing information of the non-uniform wake field into fluid analysis software in a form of compiling a profile file, defining related boundary conditions and fluid-solid coupling interfaces by setting corresponding cavitation models, material parameters and fluid calculation parameters (fluid types and turbulence models), calculating to obtain different cavitation numbers and changes of cavitation positions and forms on blades at different advancing speeds, completing the prediction of the cavitation performance of the composite propeller in a steady state and an unsteady state, and further comparing to obtain the difference of the hydrodynamic performance and the cavitation performance of the composite propeller and the metal propeller;
and step one, storing cavitation bubble numerical simulation results (pressure, speed, density and the like) obtained from the fluid analysis software into a universal Ensight format for subsequent cavitation bubble noise performance analysis. The whole cavitation calculation process is schematically shown in FIG. 1;
and step six, constructing an acoustic calculation model of the composite propeller by using computational acoustic software, wherein the model comprises an acoustic finite element part and an acoustic infinite element part. The acoustic finite element simulates vibration sound radiation of a near sound field, and the acoustic infinite element simulates far field radiation. The acoustic finite element mesh can be directly constructed in acoustic preprocessing software (such as Patran, Hypermesh, ICEM and the like), and the acoustic infinite element mesh is defined by determining an envelope surface of the finite element mesh as an infinite element substrate. A plurality of monitoring points are also required to be arranged in the acoustic calculation model so as to facilitate the subsequent analysis of the noise change condition of the cavitation noise at each monitoring point;
introducing a cavitation numerical simulation result obtained in fluid analysis software into computational acoustic software, converting CFD basic quantity into a sound source, inserting the sound source into an acoustic grid by using an integral method, and calculating a sound pressure signal at a sound receiving point by using the solved sound source data through Fourier transform;
step eight, calculating a propagation process of the sound source signal by using acoustic software, deriving sound pressure change curves and power spectral density curves of a plurality of preset monitoring points, and comparing and analyzing attenuation change rules of cavitation radiation noise at different positions, wherein the propagation process of the sound source signal refers to a change of sound signal intensity at different positions along different directions. The composite propeller cavitation noise analysis process is shown in fig. 2.
Claims (3)
1. A method of numerical prediction of cavitation noise of composite propellers according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that a geometric model of the propeller is built by using three-dimensional configuration software according to the design size of the propeller;
establishing a computational fluid domain by using a computational fluid dynamics pre-processor based on the geometric model, and performing grid division to complete the construction of a hydrodynamic model;
step three, establishing a finite element model of the composite propeller by using finite element software;
fourthly, performing cavitation performance simulation calculation on the composite propeller based on the hydrodynamic model and the finite element model to obtain a cavitation numerical simulation result, importing information of the non-uniform wake field into fluid analysis software in a form of compiling a profile file, defining related boundary conditions and fluid-solid coupling interfaces by setting corresponding cavitation models, material parameters and fluid calculation parameters, and obtaining different cavitation numbers and changes of cavitation positions and forms on the blades at different advancing speeds through calculation to complete the prediction of the cavitation performance of the composite propeller in a steady state and an unsteady state, and further comparing the prediction to obtain the difference between the hydrodynamic performance and the cavitation performance of the composite propeller and the metal propeller;
fifthly, storing cavitation numerical simulation results obtained in the fluid analysis software into a universal Ensight format;
step six, constructing an acoustic calculation model of the composite propeller by using computational acoustic software, and setting a plurality of monitoring points in the acoustic calculation model, wherein the acoustic calculation model comprises an acoustic finite element and an acoustic infinite element;
introducing a cavitation numerical simulation result obtained in fluid analysis software into computational acoustic software, converting CFD basic quantity into a sound source, inserting the sound source into an acoustic grid by using an integral method, and calculating a sound pressure signal at a sound receiving point by using the obtained sound source data through Fourier transform, wherein CFD is computational fluid dynamics;
and eighthly, calculating the propagation process of the sound source signal by using acoustic software, deriving preset sound pressure change curves and power spectral density curves of a plurality of monitoring points, and comparing and analyzing the attenuation change rules of the cavitation radiation noise at different positions.
2. The numerical prediction method of composite propeller cavitation noise according to claim 1, wherein the acoustic finite elements are used for simulating the vibration acoustic radiation of a near sound field; the acoustic infinite element is used for simulating far-field radiation.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cavitation noise of the composite propeller is predicted according to pressure, velocity and density.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN114936415A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-08-23 | 浙江大学 | Propeller tone frequency prediction method |
| CN115169261A (en) * | 2022-07-14 | 2022-10-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Cavitation bucket calculation method, storage medium and equipment for composite propeller |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114936415A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-08-23 | 浙江大学 | Propeller tone frequency prediction method |
| CN114840999A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-08-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for constructing large slenderness ratio revolving body water-entering vacuole evolution model |
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| CN115169261A (en) * | 2022-07-14 | 2022-10-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Cavitation bucket calculation method, storage medium and equipment for composite propeller |
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