CN113138188A - Preparation and rapid detection method of heavy metal and cyanide detection reagent pack - Google Patents
Preparation and rapid detection method of heavy metal and cyanide detection reagent pack Download PDFInfo
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- CN113138188A CN113138188A CN202110431944.4A CN202110431944A CN113138188A CN 113138188 A CN113138188 A CN 113138188A CN 202110431944 A CN202110431944 A CN 202110431944A CN 113138188 A CN113138188 A CN 113138188A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a heavy metal and cyanide detection reagent pack, belonging to the technical field of electroplating sewage treatment and comprising the following steps: s1: preparing a first color developing agent; s2: preparing a second color developing agent; s3: preparing a third color developing agent; s4: preparing a standard colorimetric card of copper, nickel, hexavalent chromium and cyanide; s5: preparing a detection bottle with 10ml of scale marks, a 10ml copper syringe, a 10ml nickel syringe, a 10ml hexavalent chromium syringe, a 10ml cyanide syringe and a packaging box; s6: placing the articles in a packaging box to obtain a reagent bag for rapidly detecting the heavy metal and cyanide in the electroplating sewage; the invention also discloses a rapid detection method of the heavy metal and cyanide detection kit; the preparation cost is low, the prepared detection reagent bag is convenient to use, the detection reagent is stable, the detection reagent can be stored for a long time, the range of detected heavy metal and cyanide is relatively wide, the detection process is short in time consumption, the detection result is accurate, and the preparation cost is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electroplating sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a preparation and rapid detection method of a heavy metal and cyanide detection reagent pack.
Background
The electroplating technology is one of the main methods for obtaining metal coating on the surface of material, and is a process of forming a loop by an anode and a cathode in an electrolyte solution (plating solution) under the action of a direct current electric field to deposit metal ions in the solution on the surface of a cathode plating piece.
Because heavy metal and cyanide have great harm to human bodies and ecology, the treatment of heavy metal and cyanide wastewater is one of the most important links for treating electroplating wastewater.
In the treatment process, heavy metals and cyanides need to be detected, and common detection modes comprise chemical analysis and instrument analysis, and have the following defects:
1. the chemical analysis method aims at a laboratory with perfect equipment, and is provided with a relatively comprehensive detection instrument, such as a spectrophotometer, a colorimetric tube, an alcohol lamp and the like, and the chemical analysis method is complex in process, time-consuming and material-consuming, has high professional requirements on detection personnel, and is not suitable for daily detection of a sewage treatment plant of a general electroplating enterprise;
2. instrumental analysis, such as atomic absorption spectroscopy or online automated monitoring equipment, can detect heavy metal content, but cannot detect cyanide content; and by using an instrumental analysis method, single heavy metal indexes need to be calibrated one by one and operated one by one, so that the time consumption and the long acting rate are low, the investment cost and the later maintenance cost of the instrument are high, and although the heavy metal content can be accurately analyzed, the instrumental analysis method is not suitable for quick diagnosis in field operation.
Disclosure of Invention
To solve the problems set forth in the background art described above. The invention provides a preparation method and a rapid detection method of a heavy metal and cyanide detection reagent pack, which have the characteristics of simple operation, easy operation, short operation time and accurate detection result, and are suitable for rapid diagnosis in the field operation of electroplating sewage treatment.
Another objective of the invention is to provide a method for rapidly detecting heavy metal and cyanide detection reagent packages.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a preparation method of a heavy metal and cyanide detection reagent pack comprises the following steps:
s1: preparation of the first developer
S11: dissolving an ammonium chloride solution and an ammonia water solution in purified water, uniformly stirring to prepare a first copper color developing agent, and subpackaging the first copper color developing agent by adopting a 100ml light-proof thickened dropping bottle;
s12: putting iodine and potassium iodide into a crucible, grinding into powder, dissolving in purified water, stirring until the iodine and potassium iodide are completely dissolved to obtain a first nickel color developing agent, and subpackaging the first nickel color developing agent by adopting a 100ml light-proof thickened dropping bottle;
s13: slowly adding concentrated sulfuric acid into purified water, stirring uniformly to obtain a hexavalent chromium first color developing agent, and subpackaging the hexavalent chromium first color developing agent by adopting a 100ml light-proof thickened dropping bottle;
s14: dissolving potassium dihydrogen phosphate and sodium dihydrogen phosphate in purified water, stirring to dissolve completely to obtain first cyanide developer, and packaging with 100ml light-proof thickened dropping bottle;
s2: preparation of the second developer
S21: heating and dissolving dicyclohexanoneoxalyl dihydrazone and ethanol in purified water, stirring uniformly to obtain a copper second color developing agent, and subpackaging the copper second color developing agent by adopting a 100ml lightproof thickened dropping bottle;
s22: dissolving dimethylglyoxime in an ammonia water solution, stirring until the dimethylglyoxime is completely dissolved, adding purified water, uniformly stirring to prepare a nickel second color developing agent, and subpackaging the nickel second color developing agent by adopting a 100ml lightproof thickened dropping bottle;
s23: dissolving diphenyl carbonyl dihydrazide, acetone and acetic acid in purified water, stirring uniformly to obtain a hexavalent chromium second color developing agent, and subpackaging the hexavalent chromium second color developing agent by adopting a 100ml lightproof thickened dropping bottle;
s24: dissolving chloramine T in purified water, uniformly stirring to prepare a second cyanide color developing agent, and subpackaging the second cyanide color developing agent by adopting a 100ml lightproof thickened dropping bottle;
s3: preparation of the third developer
S31: mixing isonicotinic acid and sodium hydroxide, dissolving in purified water, stirring to completely dissolve to obtain No. one cyanide third color developing agent, and packaging with 100ml light-proof thickened dropping bottle;
s32: dissolving pyrazolone and N, N-dimethylformamide in purified water, uniformly stirring to obtain a second cyanide third color developing agent, and subpackaging the second cyanide third color developing agent by adopting a 100ml lightproof thickened dropping bottle;
s33: mixing the first cyanide third color developing agent and the second cyanide third color developing agent to prepare a cyanide third color developing agent, and subpackaging the cyanide third color developing agent by adopting a 100ml lightproof thickened dropping bottle;
s4: preparing a standard colorimetric card of copper, nickel, hexavalent chromium and cyanide;
s5: preparing a detection bottle with 10ml of scale marks, a 10ml copper syringe, a 10ml nickel syringe, a 10ml hexavalent chromium syringe, a 10ml cyanide syringe and a packaging box;
s6: the reagent kit comprises a first thickening dropping bottle containing a first color-developing agent of copper, nickel, hexavalent chromium and cyanide, a second thickening dropping bottle containing a second color-developing agent of copper, nickel, hexavalent chromium and cyanide, a third thickening dropping bottle containing a third color-developing agent of cyanide, a standard colorimetric card of copper, nickel, hexavalent chromium and cyanide, a detection bottle provided with 10ml of scale marks, a 10ml copper injector, a 10ml nickel injector, a 10ml hexavalent chromium injector and a 10ml cyanide injector, wherein the 10ml cyanide injector is placed in a packaging box, so that the reagent kit for quickly detecting the heavy metal and the cyanide in the electroplating sewage is obtained.
Further, in the present invention, in step S1, the mass ratios of the first color-developing agent are:
the mass ratio of ammonium chloride, ammonia water and purified water in the first copper color developing agent in S11 is 0.3-0.7: 7-10: 89-94 parts of;
the mass ratio of iodine, potassium iodide and purified water in the first nickel color developing agent in the S12 is 0.5-0.8:1-1.5: 97-99;
the mass ratio of concentrated sulfuric acid to purified water in the hexavalent chromium first color developing agent in the S13 is 5-10: 90-95;
the mass ratio of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the sodium dihydrogen phosphate and the purified water in the first cyanide developer in the S14 is 5-10:5-10: 80-90.
Further, in the present invention, in step S2, the mass ratios of the second color-developing agent are:
the mass ratio of the dicyclohexanoneoxalyl dihydrazone, the ethanol and the purified water in the copper second color developing agent in the S21 is 0.5-1:20-25: 74-80;
the mass ratio of the dimethylglyoxime to the ammonia water solution to the purified water in the nickel second color developing agent in the S22 is 0.3-0.5:15-20: 78-85;
the mass ratio of the diphenylcarbazide, the acetone, the acetic acid and the purified water in the hexavalent chromium second color developing agent in the S23 is 1-1.5: 20-25: 20-25: 48-59;
the mass ratio of chloramine T in the second cyanide developer in the S24 to purified water is 1-1.5: 98.5-99.
Further, in the present invention, in step S3, the mass ratios of the third color-developing agent are:
the mass ratio of isonicotinic acid, sodium hydroxide and purified water in the first cyanide third color developing agent in S31 is 5-8:1.5-2: 90-94;
the mass ratio of pyrazolone, N dimethylformamide and purified water in the second cyanide third color developing agent in S32 is 0.5-1:4-5: 94-96;
in the cyanide third color developing agent in the S33, the mass ratio of the first cyanide third color developing agent to the second cyanide third color developing agent is 1: 1.
Further, in the present invention, in step S4, the step of manufacturing the standard colorimetric card containing copper, nickel, hexavalent chromium, and cyanide includes:
s41: preparing standard solutions with copper-containing solution concentrations of 0.1mg/L, 0.3mg/L, 0.5mg/L, 1.0mg/L, 2.0mg/L and 3.0mg/L, taking 10ml of the standard copper-containing solution, dropwise adding 10 drops of a first copper color developing agent into a detection bottle, uniformly shaking, dropwise adding 10 drops of a second copper color developing agent, uniformly shaking, standing for 5min-10min, photographing the solution in the detection bottle, respectively performing titration color development and photographing on the standard copper-containing solution with each concentration, summarizing reaction colors of the standard copper-containing solutions with different concentrations, comparing a standard four-color printing color matching manual to obtain a color value of each concentration of each standard solution, and obtaining a copper standard colorimetric card after printing;
s42: preparing standard solutions with nickel solution concentrations of 0.1mg/L, 0.2mg/L, 0.5mg/L, 1.0mg/L, 2.0mg/L and 5.0mg/L, taking 10ml of the standard nickel solution, dropwise adding 5 drops of nickel first color developing agent into a detection bottle, wherein the volume of each drop is about 0.05ml, if the color is not developed, continuously adding the drops of nickel second color developing agent until the color is changed, shaking uniformly, dropwise adding 10 drops of nickel second color developing agent, wherein the volume of each drop is about 0.05ml, shaking uniformly, standing for 5min, photographing the solution in the detection bottle, respectively carrying out titration color development and photographing on the standard nickel solution with each concentration, summarizing the reaction colors of the standard nickel solutions with different concentrations, comparing a standard four-color printing color matching manual one by one to obtain the color value of each concentration of each standard solution, and printing to obtain a nickel standard colorimetric card;
s43: preparing standard solutions with the concentrations of hexavalent chromium-containing solutions of 0.0mg/L, 0.1mg/L, 0.2mg/L, 0.5mg/L, 1.0mg/L and 2.0mg/L, taking 10ml of the standard hexavalent chromium-containing solution, dropwise adding 10 drops of a hexavalent chromium first color developing agent into a detection bottle, wherein the volume of each drop is about 0.05ml, shaking uniformly, dropwise adding 10 drops of a hexavalent chromium second color developing agent, the volume of each drop is about 0.05ml, shaking uniformly, standing for 3min, photographing the solution in the detection bottle, carrying out titration color development and photographing on the standard hexavalent chromium-containing solution with each concentration respectively, summarizing the reaction colors of the standard hexavalent chromium-containing solutions with different concentrations, comparing standard four-color printing color matching manuals one by one to obtain the color value of each concentration of each standard solution, and obtaining a hexavalent chromium standard colorimetric card after printing;
s44: preparing standard solutions with cyanide-containing solution concentrations of 0.1mg/L, 0.2mg/L, 0.3mg/L, 0.5mg/L, 1.0mg/L and 5.0mg/L, taking 10ml of the standard cyanide-containing solution into a detection bottle, dropwise adding 10 drops of cyanide first color-developing agent into the detection bottle, wherein each drop has a volume of about 0.05ml, shaking up, dropwise adding 5 drops of cyanide second color-developing agent, each drop has a volume of about 0.05ml, shaking up for reaction for 30s, dropwise adding 10 drops of cyanide third color-developing agent, each drop has a volume of about 0.05ml, shaking up, standing for 5min, photographing the solution in the detection bottle, titrating and developing color and photographing the standard cyanide-containing solution with each concentration, summarizing reaction colors of the standard cyanide-containing solutions with different concentrations, comparing standard four-color printing color matching manuals one by one to obtain a color value of each concentration of each standard solution, and obtaining the cyanide standard colorimetric card after printing.
A rapid detection method of a heavy metal and cyanide detection reagent bag comprises the following steps:
SA 1: providing a reagent bag for rapidly detecting heavy metals and cyanide in electroplating sewage and a raw water sample of the electroplating sewage;
SA 2: diluting or not diluting a raw water sample of the electroplating sewage to obtain a water sample to be detected;
SA 3: taking 10ml of a water sample to be detected by using a 10ml copper injector, placing the water sample into a detection bottle, dropwise adding 10 drops of a first copper color developing agent into the detection bottle, shaking uniformly, dropwise adding 10 drops of a second copper color developing agent, shaking uniformly, standing for 5min, comparing the reaction color of the water sample to be detected with the color on a copper standard color comparison card, judging the concentration of heavy metal copper in the electroplating sewage water sample to be detected, and converting according to the dilution ratio to obtain the concentration of heavy metal copper in the electroplating sewage raw water sample;
SA 4: taking 10ml of a water sample to be detected by using a 10ml nickel injector, placing the water sample into a detection bottle, dropwise adding 10 drops of a first nickel developer into the detection bottle, continuously adding 10 drops of a second nickel developer into the detection bottle until the color of the water sample changes if the color of the water sample does not change, shaking up the water sample, dropwise adding 10 drops of a second nickel developer, shaking up the water sample, standing the water sample for 5min, comparing the reaction color of the water sample to be detected with the color on a nickel standard colorimetric card, judging the concentration of heavy metal nickel in the electroplating sewage water sample to be detected, and converting the concentration according to a dilution ratio to obtain the concentration of heavy metal nickel in the electroplating sewage raw water sample;
SA 5: taking 10ml of a water sample to be detected by using a 10ml hexavalent chromium injector, placing the water sample into a detection bottle, dropwise adding 10 drops of a hexavalent chromium first color developing agent into the detection bottle, shaking uniformly, dropwise adding 10 drops of a hexavalent chromium second color developing agent, shaking uniformly, standing for 3min, comparing the reaction color of the water sample to be detected with the color on a hexavalent chromium standard color comparison card, judging the concentration of heavy metal hexavalent chromium in the water sample of the electroplating sewage to be detected, and then converting according to a dilution ratio to obtain the concentration of heavy metal hexavalent chromium in the water sample of the electroplating sewage raw water;
SA 6: taking 10ml of a water sample to be detected by using a 10ml cyanide injector, placing the water sample into a detection bottle, dropwise adding 10 drops of a cyanide first color developing agent into the detection bottle, shaking uniformly, dropwise adding 5 drops of a cyanide second color developing agent, shaking uniformly, standing for 30s, dropwise adding 10 drops of a cyanide third color developing agent, shaking uniformly, standing for 5min, comparing the reaction color of the water sample to be detected with the color on a cyanide standard color comparison card, judging the concentration of cyanide in the electroplating sewage water sample to be detected, and converting according to the dilution ratio to obtain the concentration of cyanide in the electroplating sewage raw water sample.
In the step SA2, if the raw water sample of the electroplating wastewater is a turbid liquid, the raw water sample needs to be left for 10-20min, and then the supernatant is taken for detection.
Further, in the step SA2, the conditions for diluting the raw water sample of the electroplating wastewater are as follows: the concentration of heavy metal or cyanide in the raw water sample of the electroplating sewage is greater than the highest concentration of the standard colorimetric card in the reagent bag for rapidly detecting the heavy metal or cyanide in the electroplating sewage; the condition that the raw water sample of the electroplating sewage does not need to be diluted is as follows: the concentrations of the heavy metals and the cyanides in the raw water sample of the electroplating sewage are within the detection range of a standard colorimetric card in the reagent bag for rapidly detecting the heavy metals and the cyanides in the electroplating sewage.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the preparation method of the reagent bag for rapidly detecting the heavy metal and the cyanide in the electroplating sewage has low preparation cost, the prepared reagent bag for rapidly detecting the heavy metal and the cyanide is convenient to use, the detection reagent is stable, the reagent bag can be stored for a long time, the range of the detected heavy metal and the cyanide is relatively wide, the detection process consumes short time, the detection result is accurate, and the preparation cost is low.
2. The method for rapidly detecting the heavy metal and the cyanide in the electroplating sewage adopts the detection reagent bag for detection, has the advantages of simple operation, easy operation, short operation time and accurate detection result, and is suitable for rapid diagnosis during the field operation of electroplating sewage treatment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of making a heavy metal and cyanide detection reagent pack according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the rapid detection method of the heavy metal and cyanide detection reagent pack of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a preparation method of a heavy metal and cyanide detection reagent pack comprises the following steps:
s1: preparation of the first developer
S11: dissolving an ammonium chloride solution and an ammonia water solution in purified water, uniformly stirring to prepare a first copper color developing agent, and subpackaging the first copper color developing agent by adopting a 100ml light-proof thickened dropping bottle;
s12: putting iodine and potassium iodide into a crucible, grinding into powder, dissolving in purified water, stirring until the iodine and potassium iodide are completely dissolved to obtain a first nickel color developing agent, and subpackaging the first nickel color developing agent by adopting a 100ml light-proof thickened dropping bottle;
s13: slowly adding concentrated sulfuric acid into purified water, stirring uniformly to obtain a hexavalent chromium first color developing agent, and subpackaging the hexavalent chromium first color developing agent by adopting a 100ml light-proof thickened dropping bottle;
s14: dissolving potassium dihydrogen phosphate and sodium dihydrogen phosphate in purified water, stirring to dissolve completely to obtain first cyanide developer, and packaging with 100ml light-proof thickened dropping bottle;
s2: preparation of the second developer
S21: heating and dissolving dicyclohexanoneoxalyl dihydrazone and ethanol in purified water, stirring uniformly to obtain a copper second color developing agent, and subpackaging the copper second color developing agent by adopting a 100ml lightproof thickened dropping bottle;
s22: dissolving dimethylglyoxime in an ammonia water solution, stirring until the dimethylglyoxime is completely dissolved, adding purified water, uniformly stirring to prepare a nickel second color developing agent, and subpackaging the nickel second color developing agent by adopting a 100ml lightproof thickened dropping bottle;
s23: dissolving diphenyl carbonyl dihydrazide, acetone and acetic acid in purified water, stirring uniformly to obtain a hexavalent chromium second color developing agent, and subpackaging the hexavalent chromium second color developing agent by adopting a 100ml lightproof thickened dropping bottle;
s24: dissolving chloramine T in purified water, uniformly stirring to prepare a second cyanide color developing agent, and subpackaging the second cyanide color developing agent by adopting a 100ml lightproof thickened dropping bottle;
s3: preparation of the third developer
S31: mixing isonicotinic acid and sodium hydroxide, dissolving in purified water, stirring to completely dissolve to obtain No. one cyanide third color developing agent, and packaging with 100ml light-proof thickened dropping bottle;
s32: dissolving pyrazolone and N, N-dimethylformamide in purified water, uniformly stirring to obtain a second cyanide third color developing agent, and subpackaging the second cyanide third color developing agent by adopting a 100ml lightproof thickened dropping bottle;
s33: mixing the first cyanide third color developing agent and the second cyanide third color developing agent to prepare a cyanide third color developing agent, and subpackaging the cyanide third color developing agent by adopting a 100ml lightproof thickened dropping bottle;
s4: preparing a standard colorimetric card of copper, nickel, hexavalent chromium and cyanide;
s5: preparing a detection bottle with 10ml of scale marks, a 10ml copper syringe, a 10ml nickel syringe, a 10ml hexavalent chromium syringe, a 10ml cyanide syringe and a packaging box;
s6: the reagent kit comprises a first thickening dropping bottle containing a first color-developing agent of copper, nickel, hexavalent chromium and cyanide, a second thickening dropping bottle containing a second color-developing agent of copper, nickel, hexavalent chromium and cyanide, a third thickening dropping bottle containing a third color-developing agent of cyanide, a standard colorimetric card of copper, nickel, hexavalent chromium and cyanide, a detection bottle provided with 10ml of scale marks, a 10ml copper injector, a 10ml nickel injector, a 10ml hexavalent chromium injector and a 10ml cyanide injector, wherein the 10ml cyanide injector is placed in a packaging box, so that the reagent kit for quickly detecting the heavy metal and the cyanide in the electroplating sewage is obtained.
Specifically, in step S1, the mass ratios of the first color-developing agent are:
the mass ratio of ammonium chloride, ammonia water and purified water in the first copper color developing agent in S11 is 0.3-0.7: 7-10: 89-94 parts of;
the mass ratio of iodine, potassium iodide and purified water in the first nickel color developing agent in the S12 is 0.5-0.8:1-1.5: 97-99;
the mass ratio of concentrated sulfuric acid to purified water in the hexavalent chromium first color developing agent in the S13 is 5-10: 90-95;
the mass ratio of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the sodium dihydrogen phosphate and the purified water in the first cyanide developer in the S14 is 5-10:5-10: 80-90.
Specifically, in step S2, the mass ratios of the second developer are:
the mass ratio of the dicyclohexanoneoxalyl dihydrazone, the ethanol and the purified water in the copper second color developing agent in the S21 is 0.5-1:20-25: 74-80;
the mass ratio of the dimethylglyoxime to the ammonia water solution to the purified water in the nickel second color developing agent in the S22 is 0.3-0.5:15-20: 78-85;
the mass ratio of the diphenylcarbazide, the acetone, the acetic acid and the purified water in the hexavalent chromium second color developing agent in the S23 is 1-1.5: 20-25: 20-25: 48-59;
the mass ratio of chloramine T in the second cyanide developer in the S24 to purified water is 1-1.5: 98.5-99.
Specifically, in step S3, the mass ratios of the third developer are:
the mass ratio of isonicotinic acid, sodium hydroxide and purified water in the first cyanide third color developing agent in S31 is 5-8:1.5-2: 90-94;
the mass ratio of pyrazolone, N dimethylformamide and purified water in the second cyanide third color developing agent in S32 is 0.5-1:4-5: 94-96;
in the cyanide third color developing agent in the S33, the mass ratio of the first cyanide third color developing agent to the second cyanide third color developing agent is 1: 1.
Specifically, in step S4, the manufacturing method of the standard colorimetric card for copper, nickel, hexavalent chromium, and cyanide includes the steps of:
s41: preparing standard solutions with copper-containing solution concentrations of 0.1mg/L, 0.3mg/L, 0.5mg/L, 1.0mg/L, 2.0mg/L and 3.0mg/L, taking 10ml of the standard copper-containing solution, dropwise adding 10 drops of a first copper color developing agent into a detection bottle, uniformly shaking, dropwise adding 10 drops of a second copper color developing agent, uniformly shaking, standing for 5min-10min, photographing the solution in the detection bottle, respectively performing titration color development and photographing on the standard copper-containing solution with each concentration, summarizing reaction colors of the standard copper-containing solutions with different concentrations, comparing a standard four-color printing color matching manual to obtain a color value of each concentration of each standard solution, and obtaining a copper standard colorimetric card after printing;
s42: preparing standard solutions with nickel solution concentrations of 0.1mg/L, 0.2mg/L, 0.5mg/L, 1.0mg/L, 2.0mg/L and 5.0mg/L, taking 10ml of the standard nickel solution, dropwise adding 5 drops of nickel first color developing agent into a detection bottle, wherein the volume of each drop is about 0.05ml, if the color is not developed, continuously adding the drops of nickel second color developing agent until the color is changed, shaking uniformly, dropwise adding 10 drops of nickel second color developing agent, wherein the volume of each drop is about 0.05ml, shaking uniformly, standing for 5min, photographing the solution in the detection bottle, respectively carrying out titration color development and photographing on the standard nickel solution with each concentration, summarizing the reaction colors of the standard nickel solutions with different concentrations, comparing a standard four-color printing color matching manual one by one to obtain the color value of each concentration of each standard solution, and printing to obtain a nickel standard colorimetric card;
s43: preparing standard solutions with the concentrations of hexavalent chromium-containing solutions of 0.0mg/L, 0.1mg/L, 0.2mg/L, 0.5mg/L, 1.0mg/L and 2.0mg/L, taking 10ml of the standard hexavalent chromium-containing solution, dropwise adding 10 drops of a hexavalent chromium first color developing agent into a detection bottle, wherein the volume of each drop is about 0.05ml, shaking uniformly, dropwise adding 10 drops of a hexavalent chromium second color developing agent, the volume of each drop is about 0.05ml, shaking uniformly, standing for 3min, photographing the solution in the detection bottle, carrying out titration color development and photographing on the standard hexavalent chromium-containing solution with each concentration respectively, summarizing the reaction colors of the standard hexavalent chromium-containing solutions with different concentrations, comparing standard four-color printing color matching manuals one by one to obtain the color value of each concentration of each standard solution, and obtaining a hexavalent chromium standard colorimetric card after printing;
s44: preparing standard solutions with cyanide-containing solution concentrations of 0.1mg/L, 0.2mg/L, 0.3mg/L, 0.5mg/L, 1.0mg/L and 5.0mg/L, taking 10ml of the standard cyanide-containing solution into a detection bottle, dropwise adding 10 drops of cyanide first color-developing agent into the detection bottle, wherein each drop has a volume of about 0.05ml, shaking up, dropwise adding 5 drops of cyanide second color-developing agent, each drop has a volume of about 0.05ml, shaking up for reaction for 30s, dropwise adding 10 drops of cyanide third color-developing agent, each drop has a volume of about 0.05ml, shaking up, standing for 5min, photographing the solution in the detection bottle, titrating and developing color and photographing the standard cyanide-containing solution with each concentration, summarizing reaction colors of the standard cyanide-containing solutions with different concentrations, comparing standard four-color printing color matching manuals one by one to obtain a color value of each concentration of each standard solution, and obtaining the cyanide standard colorimetric card after printing.
A rapid detection method of a heavy metal and cyanide detection reagent bag comprises the following steps:
SA 1: providing a reagent bag for rapidly detecting heavy metals and cyanide in electroplating sewage and a raw water sample of the electroplating sewage;
SA 2: diluting or not diluting a raw water sample of the electroplating sewage to obtain a water sample to be detected;
SA 3: taking 10ml of a water sample to be detected by using a 10ml copper injector, placing the water sample into a detection bottle, dropwise adding 10 drops of a first copper color developing agent into the detection bottle, shaking uniformly, dropwise adding 10 drops of a second copper color developing agent, shaking uniformly, standing for 5min, comparing the reaction color of the water sample to be detected with the color on a copper standard color comparison card, judging the concentration of heavy metal copper in the electroplating sewage water sample to be detected, and converting according to the dilution ratio to obtain the concentration of heavy metal copper in the electroplating sewage raw water sample;
SA 4: taking 10ml of a water sample to be detected by using a 10ml nickel injector, placing the water sample into a detection bottle, dropwise adding 10 drops of a first nickel developer into the detection bottle, continuously adding 10 drops of a second nickel developer into the detection bottle until the color of the water sample changes if the color of the water sample does not change, shaking up the water sample, dropwise adding 10 drops of a second nickel developer, shaking up the water sample, standing the water sample for 5min, comparing the reaction color of the water sample to be detected with the color on a nickel standard colorimetric card, judging the concentration of heavy metal nickel in the electroplating sewage water sample to be detected, and converting the concentration according to a dilution ratio to obtain the concentration of heavy metal nickel in the electroplating sewage raw water sample;
SA 5: taking 10ml of a water sample to be detected by using a 10ml hexavalent chromium injector, placing the water sample into a detection bottle, dropwise adding 10 drops of a hexavalent chromium first color developing agent into the detection bottle, shaking uniformly, dropwise adding 10 drops of a hexavalent chromium second color developing agent, shaking uniformly, standing for 3min, comparing the reaction color of the water sample to be detected with the color on a hexavalent chromium standard color comparison card, judging the concentration of heavy metal hexavalent chromium in the water sample of the electroplating sewage to be detected, and then converting according to a dilution ratio to obtain the concentration of heavy metal hexavalent chromium in the water sample of the electroplating sewage raw water;
SA 6: taking 10ml of a water sample to be detected by using a 10ml cyanide injector, placing the water sample into a detection bottle, dropwise adding 10 drops of a cyanide first color developing agent into the detection bottle, shaking uniformly, dropwise adding 5 drops of a cyanide second color developing agent, shaking uniformly, standing for 30s, dropwise adding 10 drops of a cyanide third color developing agent, shaking uniformly, standing for 5min, comparing the reaction color of the water sample to be detected with the color on a cyanide standard color comparison card, judging the concentration of cyanide in the electroplating sewage water sample to be detected, and converting according to the dilution ratio to obtain the concentration of cyanide in the electroplating sewage raw water sample.
Specifically, in the step SA2, if the raw water sample of the electroplating wastewater is a turbid solution, the raw water sample needs to be left stand for 10-20min, and then the supernatant is taken for detection.
Specifically, in the step SA2, the conditions that the raw water sample of the electroplating wastewater needs to be diluted are as follows: the concentration of heavy metal or cyanide in the raw water sample of the electroplating sewage is greater than the highest concentration of the standard colorimetric card in the reagent bag for rapidly detecting the heavy metal or cyanide in the electroplating sewage; the condition that the raw water sample of the electroplating sewage does not need to be diluted is as follows: the concentrations of the heavy metals and the cyanides in the raw water sample of the electroplating sewage are within the detection range of a standard colorimetric card in the reagent bag for rapidly detecting the heavy metals and the cyanides in the electroplating sewage.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The preparation method of the reagent pack for detecting heavy metal and cyanide is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: preparation of the first developer
S11: dissolving an ammonium chloride solution and an ammonia water solution in purified water, uniformly stirring to prepare a first copper color developing agent, and subpackaging the first copper color developing agent by adopting a 100ml light-proof thickened dropping bottle;
s12: putting iodine and potassium iodide into a crucible, grinding into powder, dissolving in purified water, stirring until the iodine and potassium iodide are completely dissolved to obtain a first nickel color developing agent, and subpackaging the first nickel color developing agent by adopting a 100ml light-proof thickened dropping bottle;
s13: slowly adding concentrated sulfuric acid into purified water, stirring uniformly to obtain a hexavalent chromium first color developing agent, and subpackaging the hexavalent chromium first color developing agent by adopting a 100ml light-proof thickened dropping bottle;
s14: dissolving potassium dihydrogen phosphate and sodium dihydrogen phosphate in purified water, stirring to dissolve completely to obtain first cyanide developer, and packaging with 100ml light-proof thickened dropping bottle;
s2: preparation of the second developer
S21: heating and dissolving dicyclohexanoneoxalyl dihydrazone and ethanol in purified water, stirring uniformly to obtain a copper second color developing agent, and subpackaging the copper second color developing agent by adopting a 100ml lightproof thickened dropping bottle;
s22: dissolving dimethylglyoxime in an ammonia water solution, stirring until the dimethylglyoxime is completely dissolved, adding purified water, uniformly stirring to prepare a nickel second color developing agent, and subpackaging the nickel second color developing agent by adopting a 100ml lightproof thickened dropping bottle;
s23: dissolving diphenyl carbonyl dihydrazide, acetone and acetic acid in purified water, stirring uniformly to obtain a hexavalent chromium second color developing agent, and subpackaging the hexavalent chromium second color developing agent by adopting a 100ml lightproof thickened dropping bottle;
s24: dissolving chloramine T in purified water, uniformly stirring to prepare a second cyanide color developing agent, and subpackaging the second cyanide color developing agent by adopting a 100ml lightproof thickened dropping bottle;
s3: preparation of the third developer
S31: mixing isonicotinic acid and sodium hydroxide, dissolving in purified water, stirring to completely dissolve to obtain No. one cyanide third color developing agent, and packaging with 100ml light-proof thickened dropping bottle;
s32: dissolving pyrazolone and N, N-dimethylformamide in purified water, uniformly stirring to obtain a second cyanide third color developing agent, and subpackaging the second cyanide third color developing agent by adopting a 100ml lightproof thickened dropping bottle;
s33: mixing the first cyanide third color developing agent and the second cyanide third color developing agent to prepare a cyanide third color developing agent, and subpackaging the cyanide third color developing agent by adopting a 100ml lightproof thickened dropping bottle;
s4: preparing a standard colorimetric card of copper, nickel, hexavalent chromium and cyanide;
s5: preparing a detection bottle with 10ml of scale marks, a 10ml copper syringe, a 10ml nickel syringe, a 10ml hexavalent chromium syringe, a 10ml cyanide syringe and a packaging box;
s6: the reagent kit comprises a first thickening dropping bottle containing a first color-developing agent of copper, nickel, hexavalent chromium and cyanide, a second thickening dropping bottle containing a second color-developing agent of copper, nickel, hexavalent chromium and cyanide, a third thickening dropping bottle containing a third color-developing agent of cyanide, a standard colorimetric card of copper, nickel, hexavalent chromium and cyanide, a detection bottle provided with 10ml of scale marks, a 10ml copper injector, a 10ml nickel injector, a 10ml hexavalent chromium injector and a 10ml cyanide injector, wherein the 10ml cyanide injector is placed in a packaging box, so that the reagent kit for quickly detecting the heavy metal and the cyanide in the electroplating sewage is obtained.
2. The method for preparing a reagent pack for detecting heavy metal and cyanide according to claim 1, wherein the reagent pack comprises: in the step S1, the mass ratios of the first color developing agent are:
the mass ratio of ammonium chloride, ammonia water and purified water in the first copper color developing agent in S11 is 0.3-0.7: 7-10: 89-94 parts of;
the mass ratio of iodine, potassium iodide and purified water in the first nickel color developing agent in the S12 is 0.5-0.8:1-1.5: 97-99;
the mass ratio of concentrated sulfuric acid to purified water in the hexavalent chromium first color developing agent in the S13 is 5-10: 90-95;
the mass ratio of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the sodium dihydrogen phosphate and the purified water in the first cyanide developer in the S14 is 5-10:5-10: 80-90.
3. The method for preparing and rapidly detecting the reagent pack for detecting the heavy metal and the cyanide as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step S2, the mass ratios of the second color developing agent are:
the mass ratio of the dicyclohexanoneoxalyl dihydrazone, the ethanol and the purified water in the copper second color developing agent in the S21 is 0.5-1:20-25: 74-80;
the mass ratio of the dimethylglyoxime to the ammonia water solution to the purified water in the nickel second color developing agent in the S22 is 0.3-0.5:15-20: 78-85;
the mass ratio of the diphenylcarbazide, the acetone, the acetic acid and the purified water in the hexavalent chromium second color developing agent in the S23 is 1-1.5: 20-25: 20-25: 48-59;
the mass ratio of chloramine T in the second cyanide developer in the S24 to purified water is 1-1.5: 98.5-99.
4. The method for preparing and rapidly detecting the reagent pack for detecting the heavy metal and the cyanide as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step S3, the mass ratios of the third color developing agent are:
the mass ratio of isonicotinic acid, sodium hydroxide and purified water in the first cyanide third color developing agent in S31 is 5-8:1.5-2: 90-94;
the mass ratio of pyrazolone, N dimethylformamide and purified water in the second cyanide third color developing agent in S32 is 0.5-1:4-5: 94-96;
in the cyanide third color developing agent in the S33, the mass ratio of the first cyanide third color developing agent to the second cyanide third color developing agent is 1: 1.
5. The method for preparing a reagent pack for detecting heavy metal and cyanide according to claim 1, wherein the reagent pack comprises: in step S4, the manufacturing method of the standard colorimetric card for copper, nickel, hexavalent chromium and cyanide includes the steps of:
s41: preparing standard solutions with copper-containing solution concentrations of 0.1mg/L, 0.3mg/L, 0.5mg/L, 1.0mg/L, 2.0mg/L and 3.0mg/L, taking 10ml of the standard copper-containing solution, dropwise adding 10 drops of a first copper color developing agent into a detection bottle, uniformly shaking, dropwise adding 10 drops of a second copper color developing agent, uniformly shaking, standing for 5min-10min, photographing the solution in the detection bottle, respectively performing titration color development and photographing on the standard copper-containing solution with each concentration, summarizing reaction colors of the standard copper-containing solutions with different concentrations, comparing a standard four-color printing color matching manual to obtain a color value of each concentration of each standard solution, and obtaining a copper standard colorimetric card after printing;
s42: preparing standard solutions with nickel solution concentrations of 0.1mg/L, 0.2mg/L, 0.5mg/L, 1.0mg/L, 2.0mg/L and 5.0mg/L, taking 10ml of the standard nickel solution, dropwise adding 5 drops of nickel first color developing agent into a detection bottle, wherein the volume of each drop is about 0.05ml, if the color is not developed, continuously adding the drops of nickel second color developing agent until the color is changed, shaking uniformly, dropwise adding 10 drops of nickel second color developing agent, wherein the volume of each drop is about 0.05ml, shaking uniformly, standing for 5min, photographing the solution in the detection bottle, respectively carrying out titration color development and photographing on the standard nickel solution with each concentration, summarizing the reaction colors of the standard nickel solutions with different concentrations, comparing a standard four-color printing color matching manual one by one to obtain the color value of each concentration of each standard solution, and printing to obtain a nickel standard colorimetric card;
s43: preparing standard solutions with the concentrations of hexavalent chromium-containing solutions of 0.0mg/L, 0.1mg/L, 0.2mg/L, 0.5mg/L, 1.0mg/L and 2.0mg/L, taking 10ml of the standard hexavalent chromium-containing solution, dropwise adding 10 drops of a hexavalent chromium first color developing agent into a detection bottle, wherein the volume of each drop is about 0.05ml, shaking uniformly, dropwise adding 10 drops of a hexavalent chromium second color developing agent, the volume of each drop is about 0.05ml, shaking uniformly, standing for 3min, photographing the solution in the detection bottle, carrying out titration color development and photographing on the standard hexavalent chromium-containing solution with each concentration respectively, summarizing the reaction colors of the standard hexavalent chromium-containing solutions with different concentrations, comparing standard four-color printing color matching manuals one by one to obtain the color value of each concentration of each standard solution, and obtaining a hexavalent chromium standard colorimetric card after printing;
s44: preparing standard solutions with cyanide-containing solution concentrations of 0.1mg/L, 0.2mg/L, 0.3mg/L, 0.5mg/L, 1.0mg/L and 5.0mg/L, taking 10ml of the standard cyanide-containing solution into a detection bottle, dropwise adding 10 drops of cyanide first color-developing agent into the detection bottle, wherein each drop has a volume of about 0.05ml, shaking up, dropwise adding 5 drops of cyanide second color-developing agent, each drop has a volume of about 0.05ml, shaking up for reaction for 30s, dropwise adding 10 drops of cyanide third color-developing agent, each drop has a volume of about 0.05ml, shaking up, standing for 5min, photographing the solution in the detection bottle, titrating and developing color and photographing the standard cyanide-containing solution with each concentration, summarizing reaction colors of the standard cyanide-containing solutions with different concentrations, comparing standard four-color printing color matching manuals one by one to obtain a color value of each concentration of each standard solution, and obtaining the cyanide standard colorimetric card after printing.
6. A rapid detection method for heavy metal and cyanide detection reagent bags is characterized by comprising the following steps:
SA 1: providing a reagent bag for rapidly detecting heavy metals and cyanide in electroplating sewage and a raw water sample of the electroplating sewage;
SA 2: diluting or not diluting a raw water sample of the electroplating sewage to obtain a water sample to be detected;
SA 3: taking 10ml of a water sample to be detected by using a 10ml copper injector, placing the water sample into a detection bottle, dropwise adding 10 drops of a first copper color developing agent into the detection bottle, shaking uniformly, dropwise adding 10 drops of a second copper color developing agent, shaking uniformly, standing for 5min, comparing the reaction color of the water sample to be detected with the color on a copper standard color comparison card, judging the concentration of heavy metal copper in the electroplating sewage water sample to be detected, and converting according to the dilution ratio to obtain the concentration of heavy metal copper in the electroplating sewage raw water sample;
SA 4: taking 10ml of a water sample to be detected by using a 10ml nickel injector, placing the water sample into a detection bottle, dropwise adding 10 drops of a first nickel developer into the detection bottle, continuously adding 10 drops of a second nickel developer into the detection bottle until the color of the water sample changes if the color of the water sample does not change, shaking up the water sample, dropwise adding 10 drops of a second nickel developer, shaking up the water sample, standing the water sample for 5min, comparing the reaction color of the water sample to be detected with the color on a nickel standard colorimetric card, judging the concentration of heavy metal nickel in the electroplating sewage water sample to be detected, and converting the concentration according to a dilution ratio to obtain the concentration of heavy metal nickel in the electroplating sewage raw water sample;
SA 5: taking 10ml of a water sample to be detected by using a 10ml hexavalent chromium injector, placing the water sample into a detection bottle, dropwise adding 10 drops of a hexavalent chromium first color developing agent into the detection bottle, shaking uniformly, dropwise adding 10 drops of a hexavalent chromium second color developing agent, shaking uniformly, standing for 3min, comparing the reaction color of the water sample to be detected with the color on a hexavalent chromium standard color comparison card, judging the concentration of heavy metal hexavalent chromium in the water sample of the electroplating sewage to be detected, and then converting according to a dilution ratio to obtain the concentration of heavy metal hexavalent chromium in the water sample of the electroplating sewage raw water;
SA 6: taking 10ml of a water sample to be detected by using a 10ml cyanide injector, placing the water sample into a detection bottle, dropwise adding 10 drops of a cyanide first color developing agent into the detection bottle, shaking uniformly, dropwise adding 5 drops of a cyanide second color developing agent, shaking uniformly, standing for 30s, dropwise adding 10 drops of a cyanide third color developing agent, shaking uniformly, standing for 5min, comparing the reaction color of the water sample to be detected with the color on a cyanide standard color comparison card, judging the concentration of cyanide in the electroplating sewage water sample to be detected, and converting according to the dilution ratio to obtain the concentration of cyanide in the electroplating sewage raw water sample.
7. The method for rapid detection of heavy metal and cyanide detection kit according to claim 6, wherein: in the step SA2, if the raw water sample of the electroplating sewage is a turbid liquid, the raw water sample needs to be stood for 10-20min, and then the supernatant is taken for detection.
8. The method for rapid detection of heavy metal and cyanide detection kit according to claim 6, wherein: in the step SA2, the conditions that the raw water sample of the electroplating sewage needs to be diluted are as follows: the concentration of heavy metal or cyanide in the raw water sample of the electroplating sewage is greater than the highest concentration of the standard colorimetric card in the reagent bag for rapidly detecting the heavy metal or cyanide in the electroplating sewage; the condition that the raw water sample of the electroplating sewage does not need to be diluted is as follows: the concentrations of the heavy metals and the cyanides in the raw water sample of the electroplating sewage are within the detection range of a standard colorimetric card in the reagent bag for rapidly detecting the heavy metals and the cyanides in the electroplating sewage.
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