CN113137224A - Novel oil gas drilling measurement and control system - Google Patents
Novel oil gas drilling measurement and control system Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 10
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/04—Measuring depth or liquid level
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
- E21B47/14—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling using acoustic waves
- E21B47/18—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling using acoustic waves through the well fluid, e.g. mud pressure pulse telemetry
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel oil and gas drilling measurement and control system, which comprises an underground central control short section, a measuring short section, a pulse generator, an overground driller display, a vertical pipe pressure sensor and a ground data processor, wherein digital transmission is adopted between the central control short section and each measuring short section as well as between the central control short section and the pulse generator, and wireless transmission is adopted between the driller display and the ground data processor; the invention also establishes a remote server and a user terminal, and the ground data processor is communicated with the remote server and the user terminal through an internet platform. The system can realize safe, reliable and quick communication and solve the problem of multi-well remote monitoring.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a drilling system in geological resource exploration and development drilling, in particular to a novel oil-gas drilling measurement and control system.
Background
In exploration and development of geological resources, a Measurement While Drilling (MWD) system is widely used, and the system is characterized in that an underground measurement system measures the attitude and geological parameters of a drill bit in real time, codes the attitude and the geological parameters according to a certain rule, converts coded data into mud pulses through a driver and a pulser, and transmits underground real-time measured data to the ground. The ground data processor detects the mud pressure and demodulates the underground data through a certain algorithm and a certain decoding rule; meanwhile, the data is transmitted to the well drilling platform, real-time data information is provided for well drilling platform workers, and the well drilling work is guided.
The complete measurement and control system consists of an underground part and an aboveground part, wherein the underground part comprises a probe and a pulse generator (for a mode of measuring by adopting a mud pulse signal), and the probe comprises various measurement and control short sections and a circuit module; the uphole portion includes a riser pressure sensor, a data processor, a driller display and a computer system. The underground measurement and control nipple amplifies, filters, converts A/D, calculates and encodes underground parameters according to rules to generate pulse signals, and outputs the pulse signals to a pulse generator, and the pulse generator enables mud pressure signals in the drill collar to generate corresponding changes; the pressure change of the mud is detected by the uphole riser sensor, so that the original signal value is obtained, and then the signals are received and decoded by the surface data processor, calculated by the computer system and displayed by the driller display.
The conventional MWD downhole system adopts analog signals, and has limited hitching expansibility; the ground system is complicated and heavy, for example, a special machine with a large volume is adopted for pump pressure data acquisition and pretreatment; the driller display on the drilling platform adopts a key design, so that the design difficulty is increased, and the operation is inconvenient; meanwhile, the ground data processor and the driller display are usually designed to adopt a long cable to transmit analog signals, so that the safety and operability of the system are reduced; in view of the above drawbacks, there is a need for improved systems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to design a novel oil and gas drilling measurement and control system which can effectively solve the communication problem of the conventional system.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a novel oil and gas drilling measurement and control system comprises an underground part and an overground part, wherein the underground part comprises a central control short section, a measuring short section and a pulse generator, and the overground part comprises a driller display, a vertical pipe pressure sensor and a ground data processor;
related analog signals, frequency signals and switching signals of all the measuring short sections are all converted into digital signals, and the digital signals are grouped into corresponding command words according to a self-defined protocol and uploaded to the central control short section;
switching signals of the pulse generator are also converted into digital signals, and the digital signals are grouped into corresponding command words according to a self-defined protocol and uploaded to the central control short section;
the center control short section controls the pulse generator to generate a mud pressure pulse signal, and the vertical pipe pressure sensor acquires the mud pressure pulse signal and transmits the mud pressure pulse signal to the driller display;
the built-in signal processing board of driller display, signal processing board includes: the mud pressure pulse signal is accessed by the sensor interface, then is converted into a digital signal by the analog buffer, the digital filter, the A/D converter and the processor in sequence, and then is sent to the ground data processor in a digital signal form;
the driller display and the ground data processor transmit signals through a wireless local area network;
the ground data processor is communicated with the remote server and the user terminal through an internet platform.
Furthermore, the communication modes between the central control short section and the measuring short section and between the central control short section and the pulse generator are all digital signal transmission modes of RS485 standard protocols.
Further, the system also comprises a hanging weight sensor and a well depth sensor, wherein the hanging weight sensor and the well depth sensor are both connected with the driller display;
the signal processing board further includes: a digital isolator and a quadrature encoder;
the signals collected by the suspended load sensor sequentially pass through an analog buffer, a digital filter, an A/D converter and a processor on the signal processing board to form digital signals which are sent outwards;
and the signals acquired by the well depth sensor sequentially pass through the digital isolator, the orthogonal encoder and the processor on the signal processing board to form digital signals which are sent outwards.
Further, there are a plurality of surface data processors from different well sites, and the remote server is synchronously connected with the plurality of surface data processors.
Further, the user terminal comprises a computer terminal and/or a mobile phone terminal, reads data of the remote server through a computer web page and a mobile phone APP, and sends a calling request.
Furthermore, during ground test, the vertical pipe pressure sensor, the well depth sensor and the suspended load sensor are replaced by a sensing simulator;
the sensing simulator is provided with a microprocessor, a D/A conversion circuit, a V/I conversion circuit and an isolation circuit;
the microprocessor translates the pressure signal of the vertical pipe according to an IIC bus protocol, converts the signal into an analog voltage signal through a D/A conversion circuit, and converts the voltage signal into a 4-20MA current signal through a V/I conversion circuit to realize the simulation of the pressure sensor of the vertical pipe;
analog signals of the hanging weight and the well depth are prestored in the microprocessor;
the microprocessor translates the suspension weight analog signal according to an IIC bus protocol, converts the signal into an analog voltage signal through a D/A conversion circuit, converts the voltage signal into a 4-20MA current signal through a V/I conversion circuit, and realizes the simulation of the suspension weight sensor;
the microprocessor divides the well depth analog signal into two paths, the two paths are connected into the isolator through the I/O interface, two groups of square wave signals are generated through the isolator, and the phase difference of the two groups of square wave signals is 90 degrees, so that the simulation of the well depth sensor is realized.
Still further, the sensor simulator access end is connected with an instrument string 485 bus; the output end is divided into three ends which are respectively connected with three interfaces of the driller display and respectively transmit a vertical pipe pressure signal, a hanging weight signal and a well depth signal.
It follows that the advantages of the invention compared to the prior art are reflected in:
1. digital bus communication between short sections
The system adopts 485-based bus communication. All modules of the instrument realize digital signal measurement and control, pulse control lines and flow state lines are eliminated, bus connection and number are simplified, and reliability is improved.
2. Data transmission local area network design
Wireless network signal transmission based on wifi is adopted between the ground data processor and the driller display (industrial personal computer); the driller display is designed with a wireless communication module and is designed as a network server end, and the ground data processor is also added with the wireless communication module and is designed as a network client end; when the system is in operation, the IP and the port number of the driller display are input into the ground data processor to establish network connection, so that a local area network connection is formed, and data transmission is carried out according to a protocol. The design scheme realizes wireless data transmission, replaces the traditional long cable, improves the system safety and operability, and meanwhile, is based on wireless network communication of wifi, and has high data transmission speed and reliable transmission.
3. Remote platform design
The system is designed for the APP on a remote computer web or a mobile phone, and remote communication is realized on real-time measurement data through 4G or 5G signals, so that a user can obtain real-time working state and data at the first time without working sites, know working conditions and guide in real time.
The remote platform adopts a B/S and C/S mixed architecture mode, a user can check data, files, curves, pictures and the like in real time by accessing a website or a mobile phone APP, and the platform maintains and manages data of all drilling sites in the system. After logging in the website, the user can log in the system through a user name and a password. After the key parameters and the related information of the oil-gas well collected at the front end are uploaded to the server, the data can be subjected to modification and deletion, real-time display and curve drawing can be performed in a webpage, and the drilling site state can be well monitored and managed in real time.
4. System integration design
The digital signal is adopted to replace signal transmission in other forms, a special machine design is cancelled (a special machine with a larger volume is adopted to carry out pumping pressure data acquisition and pretreatment originally), digital signal measurement and control are realized, a power supply and a communication bus of the instrument are simplified, the volume of a digital line is only palm-like large, the digital line is reduced compared with a box body (about 400 x 15) of the original special machine, and the digital signal measurement and control device is convenient to use. The interface of the driller display of the original special machine is cancelled, and a 90-meter cable reel containing 2 groups of 4-20mA analog lines and 1 pair of large-current driver display power supply lines is also cancelled. The measurement and control requirements of the upper part and the lower part of the well platform are realized by wireless digital communication without laying cables on the drilling site. The AC/DC power module and the USB485 conversion chip are adopted, so that the circuit integration level is improved, the problem of large power supply volume is solved, and the difficulty of low efficiency and large heat productivity is overcome.
5. Simulator design
In the ground test, a sensing simulator is adopted to replace the traditional sensor to realize the ground test, the simulator truly simulates 3 sensors of pulse, hanging weight and well depth, a simulation signal is provided for a driller display, and the sensor is replaced to realize the ground test. The development of the simulator simplifies the testing equipment, so that field personnel can conveniently, quickly and accurately test the ground.
One end of the simulator is connected with a system bus of the instrument to realize the joint test of the links of acquisition, coding, pulse, decoding and the like of the whole series of instruments, the other end of the simulator is provided with 3 ports corresponding to 3 sets of independent circuits, the three signals are all output by 7-core plugs at the other end and are the same as the interfaces used by the real sensors, and thus, the complete simulation of the sensors is realized.
6. Driller display design
The signal processing board is arranged in the driller display to process the signals of the sensor, and the signals of the sensor are all processed into digital signals which are uploaded to the ground data processor through a wireless network.
The conventional driller display designs keys on the instrument shell to realize function switching, and is inconvenient in structural design and field operation; the system adopts the touch screen to realize the functions in design, is convenient and fast to operate, and simultaneously, the instrument does not need to be subjected to tapping operation, so that the safety and the practicability are improved; the driller display touch screen is designed into a resistance screen, the resistance screen is more suitable for being used in a drilling field, and the driller display touch screen can be normally operated under the condition that water exists on hands or gloves are worn.
7. The system has high expansibility, can flexibly connect short sections such as gamma, azimuth gamma, resistivity and the like, adopts a standardized all-digital bus platform, and can meet the expansion requirement of instrument development by bus definition and a communication protocol. As long as the electromechanical interface and the communication protocol conform to the bus specification, the short section can be flexibly connected into an instrument system according to the configuration required by drilling, thereby being very convenient for the research, development and use of instruments.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the whole measurement and control system;
FIG. 2 is a circuit block diagram of a built-in signal processing board of the driller display;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a terrestrial information local area transmission system;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a terrestrial information teletransmission system;
FIG. 5 is a system diagram of a ground simulation test platform;
fig. 6 is a circuit block diagram of a ground sensing simulator.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, but the following examples are not intended to limit the technical solutions of the present invention, and any equivalent changes or modifications made within the spirit of the technical solutions of the present invention should be considered as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.
An oil and gas drilling measurement and control system is shown in figure 1, the conventional arrangement comprises an underground part and an overground part which are divided according to functions, and the underground part mainly comprises: the underground part mainly comprises a driller display 4, a riser pressure sensor 5, a well depth sensor 6, a suspended weight sensor 7 and a ground data processor 8.
And the central control short section 1 is a central hub part in the well, is used as a central control, is communicated with each underground measuring short section 2 and the pulse generator 3, and transmits the data of each measuring short section 2 to the pulse generator 3 after gathering and coding.
Measure nipple joint 2, there are the multiple, including the measurement of various functions, like deviational survey nipple joint and gamma nipple joint etc. carry out drill bit gesture, geological formation parameter measurement, all measured data all gather on well accuse nipple joint 1.
The impulse generator 3 changes a mud flow channel through mechanical movement after obtaining a central control short section signal under the action of a driver, so that mud pressure is changed to form a pressure impulse signal, and the pressure impulse signal is uploaded to a wellhead mud riser.
The vertical pipe pressure sensor 5 is connected to a mud vertical pipe at the wellhead to measure the mud pressure; the well depth sensor 6 is arranged on the winch drum and used for measuring the change of the well depth; the suspended load sensor 7 is arranged on an oil filling port of the weight indicator oil filling tee joint and is used for measuring the suspended load of the load; the well depth sensor 6 and the hanging weight sensor 7 are system options.
The driller display 4 is connected with various sensors such as a riser pressure sensor 5, a well depth sensor 6, a hanging weight sensor 7 and the like, acquires sensor data, forms a signal form which can be accepted by a ground data processor 8 after encoding the acquired data, and sends the signal form to the ground data processor 8. And the ground data processor 8 is used for realizing the functions of filtering, denoising and decoding of the data, restoring the data and displaying the data.
For the communication field, the transmission form of the signal includes several types of digital signal, analog signal, frequency signal, and switching signal.
In prior art, oil and gas drilling system of observing and controling is different according to the data type of measurement, and well accuse nipple joint 1 and each measure between nipple joint 2, the signal transmission mode of adoption has: the device comprises an analog signal, a digital signal and a switch signal, wherein the analog signal is converted into the digital signal through analog-to-digital conversion and then transmitted by a digital line, and the switch signal is transmitted by a flow state line. Thus, two kinds of wires are needed between each central control short section 1 and each measuring short section 2: the digit line and the traffic status line. The control pulse between the central control short joint 1 and the pulse generator 3 adopts a switching signal and also needs to be connected by a flow state line. Besides, there are basic power line and ground line. Due to the fact that signal transmission types are diversified, the number of connecting lines is large, the number of contacts of the connector is large, the fault rate is high, connection is not easy to achieve, and field assembly is not facilitated.
Aiming at the problem, the invention completely changes the communication modes between the traditional central control short section 1 and the measurement short section 2 and between the central control short section 1 and the pulse generator 3, changes all signal transmission modes into digital signal transmission modes of RS485 standard protocols, and only adopts one type of transmission line of an RS485 bus.
Firstly, all analog signals, frequency signals and switching signals are converted into digital signals, and then the digital signals are grouped into corresponding command words respectively according to a self-defined protocol for transmission. For example, three direction analog signals Gx, Gy and Gz of the acceleration sensor, three direction analog signals Bx, By and Bz of the magnetic sensor are converted into digital signals By a 24-bit analog-to-digital converter, a frequency signal of gamma counting is encoded into a digital signal, and a control pulse and a flow state switch signal are also encoded into a digital signal. The analog signal is realized by A/D conversion, the frequency signal is acquired by a timer and a counter, and the switching value is acquired by an I/O state. The digital transmission protocol and the grouping method can be customized as long as an interface protocol is agreed in advance between a sender (the measuring short section 2 and the pulse generator 3) and a receiver (the central control short section 1) and transmission is carried out according to the protocol. When the digital signal is uploaded to the well surface, the digital signal is restored into the original signal according to reverse decoding.
After the signal conversion processing, the short sections of the instrument are connected in series and combined according to the RS485 digital interface with the unified standard. Under the new system, a pulse control line and a flow state line are cancelled, the number and the types of buses are simplified, and the reliability is improved.
Meanwhile, in the prior art, 4-20mA analog signals are acquired by a vertical pipe pressure sensor 5 and a hanging weight sensor 7 on the ground part, and counting frequency signals are acquired by a well depth sensor 6; the signal transmission mode comprises 2 paths of 4-20mA analog signals and 1 path of counting frequency signals. The data are received by the driller display 4, are converted into digital signals through the preprocessing of the special machine and then are transmitted to the ground data processor 8, the ground data processor 8 can process and display the digital signals, and the wiring and transmission modes are complicated. Therefore, as in the underground, the analog signal, the frequency signal and the switching signal are all converted into digital signals, and then the digital signals are grouped into corresponding command words according to a customized protocol and transmitted to the ground data processor 8. In addition, because the special machine is arranged on the well platform, and the ground data processor 8 is arranged at the rear part and has a certain distance, a cable reel is required to be adopted in the prior art, USB protocol digital signal transmission is adopted, and the cable is pulled on the workplace for a long time, which is very inconvenient.
In the invention, a special machine is cancelled, a driller display 4 is modified, the driller display 4 is integrated by an industrial personal computer and a signal processing board, the signal processing board can process 4-20mA analog signals output by a vertical pipe pressure sensor 5 and a suspended weight sensor 7 and a counting frequency signal of a well depth sensor 6 into a digital signal, and then the digital signal is transmitted to a ground data processor 8.
As shown in fig. 2, the driller display 4 is internally provided with a signal processing board for processing signals of the sensors, and the signal processing board receives data through three 7-core sensor interfaces (if a plurality of sensors exist, interface configuration is increased); the vertical pipe pressure sensor 5 accesses a pump pressure signal through a pressure sensor interface 10-1 and a suspended weight signal through a suspended weight sensor interface 10-2 by the suspended weight sensor 7, the pump pressure signal passes through an analog buffer 11, digital filtering is carried out by a digital filter 12, analog-to-digital conversion is carried out on the filtered suspended weight signal in an A/D converter 13, and then data are transmitted to a processor 14; counting frequency signals of the well depth sensor 6 are accessed through a well depth sensor interface 10-3, enter the orthogonal encoder 16 for data calculation after passing through the digital isolator 15, and then transmit the calculated direction and encoding signals to the processor 14. The processor 14 groups the three signals and transmits the three signals to the USB converter 17, and the three signals are accessed to a USB interface of the industrial personal computer through the USB converter interface and are transmitted to the outside by the industrial personal computer. Because all the sensors and the driller display 4 adopt digit line transmission, various data are directly processed into digital signals by the driller display 4, the types and the number of the data lines are greatly reduced on the ground, and more importantly, a device called a special machine is eliminated, so that the transmission mode of the system is greatly simplified.
The driller display 4 directly transmits to the ground data processor 8 under the well platform in real time through the WiFi wireless local area network transmission, and the ground data processor 8 receives and displays in real time, as shown in fig. 3.
In the new system, the driller display 4 directly converts analog signals, frequency signals and the like into digital signals for uploading, and a special intermediate machine is omitted, so that a cable reel formed by mixing analog lines, digital lines, power lines and the like is not needed. The novel system is provided with the wireless communication modules on the driller display 4 and the ground data processor 8, and practical verification proves that WiFi wireless signals are stable, the system is simple and reliable, the field wiring problem of a 90-meter cable reel is solved, and the electromagnetic interference problem among analog, digital and power supplies is thoroughly solved.
Meanwhile, the driller display 4 is designed by adopting a touch screen, and the conventional driller display is inconvenient in structural design and field operation because keys are designed on the instrument shell to realize function switching; the system adopts the touch screen to realize the functions in design, is convenient and fast to operate, and simultaneously, the instrument does not need to be subjected to tapping operation, so that the safety and the practicability are improved; the driller display touch screen is designed into a resistance screen, the resistance screen is more suitable for being used in a drilling field, and the driller display touch screen can be normally operated under the condition that water exists on hands or gloves are worn.
The oil and gas drilling measurement and control system provided by the invention is also provided with a remote server 9, as shown in fig. 4, for receiving data of the ground data processors 8 of all associated well sites, summarizing the data, providing the summarized data for the user terminal 10 to use, and synchronously receiving instructions of the user terminal 10 to call the data; the user terminal 10 comprises a computer terminal and/or a mobile phone terminal, reads data of the remote server 9 through a webpage and an APP, and can also send a call request. Under the new system, a 4G/5G Internet platform is utilized, the ground data processor 8, the remote server 9 and the user terminal 10 are connected to the Internet, remote data sharing is realized by utilizing a digital terminal, remote monitoring and interconnection of various well sites are realized, and precedent of remote control, combined control and multi-well control is opened up.
The invention also provides a set of ground simulation test equipment, which adopts the sensing simulator 11 to replace various sensors to realize ground test, does not need various sensors in the actual work of a measurement and control system, only needs to connect one end of the sensing simulator 11 with an instrument string (comprising the central control short section 1, the measuring short section 2 and the pulse generator 3) to be put into a well in the future, and connects the other end with the driller display 4 to realize ground simulation test, and builds a test platform with the ground data processor 8, as shown in figure 5.
As shown in FIG. 6, one end of the simulator is connected into an instrument string by adopting a six-core slip ring, the instrument is electrified to generate a riser pressure signal, and the sensing simulator receives the riser pressure signal transmitted by a bus by using a 485 conversion interface.
The microprocessor of the simulator translates the riser pressure signal according to an IIC bus protocol, converts the signal into an analog voltage signal through a D/A conversion circuit, and converts the voltage signal into a 4-20MA current signal through a V/I conversion circuit to realize simulation of the riser pressure sensor.
Analog signals of the hanging weight and the well depth are prestored in the microprocessor.
The microprocessor translates the suspension weight analog signals according to an IIC bus protocol, converts the signals into analog voltage signals through a D/A conversion circuit, converts the voltage signals into 4-20MA current signals through a V/I conversion circuit, and achieves simulation of the suspension weight sensor.
The microprocessor divides the well depth analog signal into two paths at the same time, the two paths are connected into the isolator through the I/O interface, two groups of square wave signals are generated through the isolator, the phase difference of the two groups of square wave signals is 90 degrees, the phase A leads the phase B in forward rotation, and the phase B leads the phase A in reverse rotation, so that the simulation of the well depth sensor is realized.
The three signals are output at the other end by a 7-core interface, and the three signals are the same as the interfaces used by the real sensors, so that the complete simulation of the sensors is realized. 3 interfaces, corresponding to 3 sets of independent circuits, and 3 sensors for truly simulating pulse, hanging weight and well depth, provide simulation signals for a driller display, and replace the sensors to realize ground test. Through the set of ground simulation test equipment, the sensor is removed, the test operation procedure is simplified, and field personnel can conveniently, quickly and accurately carry out ground test.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a novel oil and gas drilling system of observing and controling, includes underground and two parts on the ground, and the underground part is including well accuse nipple joint, measurement nipple joint, impulse generator, and the overground part includes driller display, riser pressure sensor, ground data processor, its characterized in that:
related analog signals, frequency signals and switching signals of all the measuring short sections are all converted into digital signals, and the digital signals are grouped into corresponding command words according to a self-defined protocol and uploaded to the central control short section;
switching signals of the pulse generator are also converted into digital signals, and the digital signals are grouped into corresponding command words according to a self-defined protocol and uploaded to the central control short section;
the center control short section controls the pulse generator to generate a mud pressure pulse signal, and the vertical pipe pressure sensor acquires the mud pressure pulse signal and transmits the mud pressure pulse signal to the driller display;
the built-in signal processing board of driller display, signal processing board includes: the mud pressure pulse signal is accessed by the sensor interface, then is converted into a digital signal by the analog buffer, the digital filter, the A/D converter and the processor in sequence, and then is sent to the ground data processor in a digital signal form;
the driller display and the ground data processor transmit signals through a wireless local area network;
the ground data processor is communicated with the remote server and the user terminal through an internet platform.
2. The hydrocarbon drilling measurement and control system of claim 1, wherein: and the communication modes between the central control short section and the measuring short section and between the central control short section and the pulse generator are all digital signal transmission modes of RS485 standard protocols.
3. The hydrocarbon drilling measurement and control system of claim 1, wherein: the system also comprises a hanging weight sensor and a well depth sensor, wherein the hanging weight sensor and the well depth sensor are both connected with the driller display;
the signal processing board further includes: a digital isolator and a quadrature encoder;
the signals collected by the suspended load sensor sequentially pass through an analog buffer, a digital filter, an A/D converter and a processor on the signal processing board to form digital signals which are sent outwards;
and the signals acquired by the well depth sensor sequentially pass through the digital isolator, the orthogonal encoder and the processor on the signal processing board to form digital signals which are sent outwards.
4. The hydrocarbon drilling measurement and control system of claim 1, wherein: the ground data processors are from different well sites, and the remote server is synchronously connected with the ground data processors.
5. The hydrocarbon drilling measurement and control system of claim 1, wherein: the user terminal comprises a computer terminal and/or a mobile phone terminal, reads data of the remote server through a computer web page and a mobile phone APP, and sends a calling request.
6. The hydrocarbon drilling measurement and control system of claim 3, wherein: during ground test, the vertical pipe pressure sensor, the well depth sensor and the suspended load sensor are replaced by a sensing simulator;
the sensing simulator is provided with a microprocessor, a D/A conversion circuit, a V/I conversion circuit and an isolation circuit;
the microprocessor translates the pressure signal of the vertical pipe according to an IIC bus protocol, converts the signal into an analog voltage signal through a D/A conversion circuit, and converts the voltage signal into a 4-20MA current signal through a V/I conversion circuit to realize the simulation of the pressure sensor of the vertical pipe;
analog signals of the hanging weight and the well depth are prestored in the microprocessor;
the microprocessor translates the suspension weight analog signal according to an IIC bus protocol, converts the signal into an analog voltage signal through a D/A conversion circuit, converts the voltage signal into a 4-20MA current signal through a V/I conversion circuit, and realizes the simulation of the suspension weight sensor;
the microprocessor divides the well depth analog signal into two paths, the two paths are connected into the isolator through the I/O interface, two groups of square wave signals are generated through the isolator, and the phase difference of the two groups of square wave signals is 90 degrees, so that the simulation of the well depth sensor is realized.
7. The hydrocarbon drilling measurement and control system of claim 6, wherein: the access end of the sensing simulator is connected with an instrument string 485 bus; the output end is divided into three ends which are respectively connected with three interfaces of the driller display and respectively transmit a vertical pipe pressure signal, a hanging weight signal and a well depth signal.
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