CN102510326A - Full-duplex communication method based on single-core electric cables - Google Patents
Full-duplex communication method based on single-core electric cables Download PDFInfo
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- CN102510326A CN102510326A CN2011104262067A CN201110426206A CN102510326A CN 102510326 A CN102510326 A CN 102510326A CN 2011104262067 A CN2011104262067 A CN 2011104262067A CN 201110426206 A CN201110426206 A CN 201110426206A CN 102510326 A CN102510326 A CN 102510326A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a full-duplex communication method based on single-core electric cables, which includes the following steps of 1), establishing commands needed to be sent to an underwell instrument by ground numerical control; 2) coupling the established commands needed to be sent to the underwell instrument to electric cables by the ground numerical control and sending the commands to the underwell instrument through the electric cables; 3) establishing data needed to be sent to the ground numerical control after the underwell instrument receives the commands sent from the ground numerical control; and 4) coupling the established data needed to be sent to the ground numerical control to the electric cables in a positive and negative pulse manner and sending the same to the ground numerical control through the electric cables after direct current is cut off through a high-overpressure resistance capacitor. The full-duplex communication method based on the single-core electric cables is low in error rate during data transmission to the underwell instrument and capable of transmitting ground low-frequency commands and high-frequency data of the underwell instrument simultaneously and controlling the underwell instrument on the ground in real time.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the communications field, relate to a kind of data interactive method, relate in particular to a kind of downhole instrument interconnect with the ground numerical control and instrument and instrument between the duplex communication method based on single-core cable of communication.
Background technology
On logging technique, imaging logging techniques is comprehensive to oil well, multi-angle is measured, and can get information about downhole conditions, brings great convenience to well log interpretation.But imaging logging needs data quantity transmitted bigger, brings very big inconvenience to transfer of data.Some simple instrument directly powers up or regulation voltage just can be worked, and some complicated appliance requires guarantees that through the Ground Control downhole instrument down-hole appearance is operated under the predetermined state.
In order to measure a plurality of parameters, can required each down-hole appearance be hooked together, go into the well simultaneously.In design, just need logger to receive the operating state of each instrument of ground order control.Connect simple and reliablely between each down-hole appearance, if lean on the multicore joint to connect between the appearance of down-hole, tie point is many, complex structure, weak point such as the instrument joint is long.If signal directly is coupling on the instrument power source line transmits, instrument can work independently, and also can couple together the test of going into the well together through single-core plug.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem that exists in the background technology, the error rate that the invention provides a kind of down-hole appearance transmission data is low, the high-frequency data of the low frequency order on ground and down-hole appearance transmits simultaneously and the duplex communication method based on single-core cable of downhole instrument is controlled on ground in real time.
Technical solution of the present invention is: the invention provides a kind of duplex communication method based on single-core cable, its special character is: said duplex communication method based on single-core cable may further comprise the steps:
1) ground numerical control structure need be to the order of downhole instrument transmission;
2) need being coupled on the cable and through cable to the order that downhole instrument sends that the ground numerical control will build is sent to downhole instrument;
3) downhole instrument receives the data that structure needs numerical control earthward to send after the order of sending from the ground numerical control;
5) the downhole instrument needs that will build earthward the numerical control data of sending cut off after the direct current to be coupled on the cable and through the withstand voltage electric capacity of height and be sent to the ground numerical control through cable with the positive negative pulse stuffing form.
Above-mentioned steps 2) concrete implementation is:
2.1) the ground numerical control will build need be converted into the low-frequency sine signal to the order that downhole instrument sends, conversion process is seen Fig. 1, computings such as the differential of level signal through amplifier, filtering, amplification make square-wave signal become sinusoidal signal; Said need be the Transistor-Transistor Logic level signal of low frequency to the order that downhole instrument sends;
2.2) with step 2.1) (owing to order is low-voltage signal in resulting low-frequency sine signal coupling; It on the cable high pressure; Make the order of transmission on cable, demonstrate the appearance of original sine wave through dividing potential drop, voltage stabilizing, the mode that drags down voltage cable, partial circuit is as shown in Figure 2 :) to cable.
Above-mentioned steps 3) concrete implementation is:
Said downhole instrument is demodulated into the discernible R232 level signal of single-chip microcomputer of downhole instrument with the low frequency sinusoidal signal, and correct judgment is the structure data that need numerical control earthward to send again later on.
Above-mentioned duplex communication method based on single-core cable also comprises between step 3 and step 5):
4) judge whether downhole instrument is single, if then directly carry out step 5); If not, check then whether the cable of communicating by letter with the ground numerical control is in the free time, if then directly carry out step 5); If not, then wait for after the cable communicate by letter with the ground numerical control is in the free time and carry out step 5) again.
Above-mentioned duplex communication method based on single-core cable also comprises between step 3 and step 5):
4) judge whether downhole instrument is single, if then directly carry out step 5); If not, check then whether the cable of communicating by letter with the ground numerical control is in the free time, if then directly carry out step 5); If not, then take out graceful coded signal, catch behind the pulse signal with graceful sign indicating number form and solve after other downhole instruments need data that numerical control earthward sends, add suitable time-delay through timer through comparator, confirm not have other data after, carry out step 5).
Above-mentionedly need comprise head, the command word of order, the tail and the check digit of order to the order that downhole instrument sends by ground numerical control structure; The head of said order starts with s; The tail of said order ends up with e.
The above-mentioned needs that made up by the downhole instrument data of numerical control transmission earthward comprise that being used for ground numerical control identification confirms the command body of instrument type and data quantity transmitted and transmit the data volume of the measured value of the various parameters of downhole instrument actual acquisition by being used for numerical control earthward.
The mentioned order body comprises command header and command word; Said data volume comprises data head and data bit; Said command word and data bit all are that binary data is formed; The pulse duration of said command header is two times of pulse duration of command word; The pulse duration of said data head is two times of pulse duration of data bit; The pulse of said command header is a positive pulse; The pulse of said data head is a negative pulse.
The mentioned order body also comprises odd and stop bits or even parity check and the stop bits that is arranged on the command word tail end; Said data volume also comprises odd and stop bits or even parity check and the stop bits that is arranged on the data bit tail end.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1, downhole instrument is controlled on ground in real time, and downhole data reflects the working condition of instrument in real time, is convenient to the ground understanding and controls each instrument.
2, the high-frequency data of order of the low frequency on ground and down-hole appearance transmits simultaneously, is independent of each other.Add low pass and high pass and make the down-hole appearance receive the low frequency order, ground receives high-frequency data, and instrument receives the high-frequency data of other instruments, works alone.
3, the error rate of down-hole appearance transmission data is low.Because the pulse duration of data head or command header and digital coding is different, the wrongheaded probability of data head or command header is very low, just can guarantee that instrument data transmits like clockwork.
4, articulate between instrument and the instrument simply.Adopt the paralleling model cascade between the instrument, directly connect through single-core cable, whether the data that only need to judge other instruments end of transmission.
5, can articulate a plurality of instruments.Instrument adopts parallelly connected timesharing transmission data, as long as the time is sufficient, each instrument work is independent of each other.
The present invention is simple in structure, adopts single core transmission, and the order that send on ground and the data of downhole transmitted all are coupled on the power line through coding, at the power line transmitting data.Easy to use, be well suited in the oil well environment and use.
Description of drawings
The Transistor-Transistor Logic level signal was converted into sinusoidal wave schematic diagram when Fig. 1 was ground provided by the present invention transmission order;
Sinusoidal signal was coupled to the schematic diagram on the cable when Fig. 2 was ground provided by the present invention transmission order;
Fig. 3 is that the signal schematic representation on the cable when ordering is sent on ground provided by the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the modulation signal sketch map on data word waveform provided by the present invention and the cable;
Fig. 5 is the signal schematic representation of other instruments of downhole instrument demodulation provided by the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the docked mode of downhole instrument provided by the present invention;
Fig. 7 is ground provided by the present invention order sketch map when transmitting simultaneously with downhole data.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of method of the communication between logger and ground numerical control and logger, this method may further comprise the steps:
1) order that need send to downhole instrument of ground numerical control structure:
2) need being coupled on the cable and through cable to the order that downhole instrument sends that the ground numerical control will build is sent to downhole instrument:
2.1) the ground numerical control will build need be converted into the low-frequency sine signal to the order that downhole instrument sends; Said need be the Transistor-Transistor Logic level signal of low frequency to the order that downhole instrument sends;
As shown in Figure 1, the order that need issue is got in the circuit by the RX end, and after a subdifferential, quadravalence low pass and reverse the amplification, the Transistor-Transistor Logic level signal that computer is sent is converted into sinusoidal signal, is sent by the TX end.
2.2) with step 2.1) resulting low-frequency sine signal is coupled on the cable.
As shown in Figure 2, the sinusoidal commanded that need issue gets into R20 by the TX end, and high pressure is supplied power to downhole instrument by Vin on the cable, and the high-low level through signal occurs drags down or raise the voltage on the cable, and sinusoidal signal is loaded on the cable.
3) downhole instrument receives the data that structure needs numerical control earthward to send after the order of sending from the ground numerical control;
Downhole instrument is demodulated into the discernible R232 level signal of single-chip microcomputer of downhole instrument with the low frequency sinusoidal signal, and correct judgment is the structure data that need numerical control earthward to send again later on.
4) judge whether downhole instrument is single, if then directly carry out step 5); If not, check then whether the cable of communicating by letter with the ground numerical control is in the free time, if then directly carry out step 5); If not, then wait for after the cable communicate by letter with the ground numerical control is in the free time and carry out step 5) again.
Perhaps, step 4) can also be:
4) judge whether downhole instrument is single, if then directly carry out step 5); If not, check then whether the cable of communicating by letter with the ground numerical control is in the free time, if then directly carry out step 5); If not, then solving other downhole instruments needs after the data that numerical control earthward sends and adds time-delay, carries out step 5).
5) the downhole instrument needs that will build earthward the numerical control data of sending be coupled on the cable and and be sent to the ground numerical control through cable.
Need comprise head, the command word of order, the tail and the check digit of order to the order that downhole instrument sends by ground numerical control structure; The head of order starts with s; The tail of order ends up with e.
The needs that made up by the downhole instrument numerical control data of sending earthward comprise that being used for ground numerical control identification confirms the command body of instrument type and data quantity transmitted and transmit the data volume of the measured value of the various parameters of downhole instrument actual acquisition by being used for numerical control earthward.
Command body comprises command header and command word; Data volume comprises data head and data bit; Command word and data bit all are that binary data is formed; The pulse duration of command header is two times of pulse duration of command word; The pulse duration of data head is two times of pulse duration of data bit; The pulse of command header is a positive pulse; The pulse of data head is a negative pulse.Command body also comprises odd and stop bits or even parity check and the stop bits that is arranged on the command word tail end; Data volume also comprises odd and stop bits or even parity check and the stop bits that is arranged on the data bit tail end.
Downhole data transmission is utilized positive and negative interweaving encoding; Through drive circuit code signal is coupling on the instrument power source line, instrument adopts paralleling model to articulate, and other instruments receive data from the instrument power source line; Judging whether instrument sends finishes, and data are sent in follow-up then.This sampling instrument is once gone into the well and both can be worked independently, and also can work simultaneously, is independent of each other, and reaches the purpose of communication between instrument and the instrument.
The width of the positive negative pulse stuffing of the graceful code data in down-hole is exactly the inverse of communication baud rate, and the one digit number certificate is exactly to account for a pulse duration.
Data head is different with data bit, and the pulse duration of data head is two times of data bit pulse duration, helps the identification of data head, and error rate is lower.The data that the down-hole appearance transmits earthward have the branch of data head and command header, and the pulse of data head is a negative pulse, are used for transmitting the measured value of desired parameters; The pulse of command header is a positive pulse, and the ground numerical control is used for confirming instrument type and data quantity transmitted.The data volume or the command body of down-hole appearance transmission all are made up of 16 bit binary data.
Below be that example is elaborated to the present invention with an embodiment:
1, order is sent on ground
Referring to Fig. 3; When order is sent to downhole instrument in ground; For the graceful coded signal that down-hole is not sent exerts an influence, through modulation the Transistor-Transistor Logic level signal of low frequency is converted into sine wave signal and is coupled to again and sends to the down-hole appearance on the cable, the down-hole appearance has special reception command circuit; The sinusoidal signal of low frequency is demodulated into the R232 level signal that single-chip microcomputer can be discerned, and correct judgment is redispatched later on and is moved to the CPU control instrument.In order to guarantee the accuracy of ground order in transmission course, order beginning with s, e ending, command word and check digit are formed, and it is accurate to guarantee that order issues.
2, downhole data transmission
Referring to Fig. 4; Downhole instrument is when data are sent in numerical control earthward; Data head and the command header time difference between the two is time span that half data is required of transmission; Data head and command header respectively account for three positions, with the instrument type of elder generation's positive back negative indication transmission and the data number of transmission, are just representing the measurement data of transmitting after bearing earlier.
16 altogether of the data bit of modulation signal; One digit number is according to accounting for a position; Represent 1 with negative pulse, positive pulse is represented logical zero, and positive negative pulse stuffing (is noted: in order to guarantee alternately occurring of positive negative pulse stuffing alternately; The pulse that between some pulse, increases in contrast is not counted in data bit), high position data is preceding.
The data bit tail end adds odd and stop bits, lets the positive negative pulse stuffing overall width in the whole data equate,, baseline is steady.
3, the communication mode between the instrument
When data communication, like Fig. 5, the ground numerical control is sent order to downhole instrument; Downhole instrument receives one's own order, carries out and operates and send to the needed data in ground accordingly, and all operations are by Ground Control; The connected mode of instrument such as Fig. 6, practical implementation is following:
A, all downhole instruments are in the reception coomand mode, and the ground numerical control is sent order to the down-hole appearance, and whether instrument response is checked on the bus idle later on, if idle, sends measurement data.
Transfer of data between b, the instrument belongs to short-distance transmission, through signal coupling, filtering with relatively take out pulse signal, solves the data of other instruments transmission on the instrument bus, adds that suitable time-delay just can transmit the measurement data of self.
4, ground order and downhole data transmission baud rate are selected
As shown in Figure 7 when the ground order is transmitted with downhole data simultaneously, the baud rate setting of signal is high more, and communication speed is also fast more, and that on cable, decays is also fast more, and is corresponding, also just more difficult for coding-decoding circuit and signal processor.
Otherwise it is low more that baud rate is provided with, and communication speed is slow more, and that on cable, decays is also slow more, corresponding, also easy for coding-decoding circuit and signal processor.
In order effectively and accurately to control the work of downhole instrument, ground of the present invention takes low frequency to send order, the high-frequency transmission downhole data, and ground and down-hole add that rational filter circuit guarantees the full-duplex communication of ground numerical control and downhole instrument, encoding and decoding are independent of each other.
Claims (9)
1. duplex communication method based on single-core cable, it is characterized in that: said duplex communication method based on single-core cable may further comprise the steps:
1) ground numerical control structure need be to the order of downhole instrument transmission;
2) need being coupled on the cable and through cable to the order that downhole instrument sends that the ground numerical control will build is sent to downhole instrument;
3) downhole instrument receives the data that structure needs numerical control earthward to send after the order of sending from the ground numerical control;
5) the downhole instrument needs that will build earthward the numerical control data of sending be coupled on the cable and and be sent to the ground numerical control through cable.
2. the duplex communication method based on single-core cable according to claim 1 is characterized in that: concrete implementation said step 2) is:
2.1) the ground numerical control will build need be converted into the low-frequency sine signal to the order that downhole instrument sends; Said need be the Transistor-Transistor Logic level signal of low frequency to the order that downhole instrument sends;
2.2) with step 2.1) resulting low-frequency sine signal is coupled on the cable.
3. the duplex communication method based on single-core cable according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the concrete implementation of said step 3) is:
Said downhole instrument is demodulated into the discernible R232 level signal of single-chip microcomputer of downhole instrument with the low frequency sinusoidal signal, and correct judgment is the structure data that need numerical control earthward to send again later on.
4. the duplex communication method based on single-core cable according to claim 3 is characterized in that: said duplex communication method based on single-core cable also comprises between step 3 and step 5):
4) judge whether downhole instrument is single, if then directly carry out step 5); If not, check then whether the cable of communicating by letter with the ground numerical control is in the free time, if then directly carry out step 5); If not, then wait for after the cable communicate by letter with the ground numerical control is in the free time and carry out step 5) again.
5. the duplex communication method based on single-core cable according to claim 3 is characterized in that: said duplex communication method based on single-core cable also comprises between step 3 and step 5):
4) judge whether downhole instrument is single, if then directly carry out step 5); If not, check then whether the cable of communicating by letter with the ground numerical control is in the free time, if then directly carry out step 5); If not, then solving other downhole instruments needs after the data that numerical control earthward sends and adds time-delay, carries out step 5).
6. according to claim 4 or 5 described duplex communication methods, it is characterized in that: saidly need comprise head, the command word of order, the tail and the check digit of order to the order that downhole instrument sends by ground numerical control structure based on single-core cable; The head of said order starts with s; The tail of said order ends up with e.
7. the duplex communication method based on single-core cable according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the said needs that made up by the downhole instrument data of numerical control transmission earthward comprise that being used for ground numerical control identification confirms the command body of instrument type and data quantity transmitted and transmit the data volume of the measured value of the various parameters of downhole instrument actual acquisition by being used for numerical control earthward.
8. the duplex communication method based on single-core cable according to claim 7 is characterized in that: said command body comprises command header and command word; Said data volume comprises data head and data bit; Said command word and data bit all are that binary data is formed; The pulse duration of said command header is two times of pulse duration of command word; The pulse duration of said data head is two times of pulse duration of data bit; The pulse of said command header is a positive pulse; The pulse of said data head is a negative pulse.
9. the duplex communication method based on single-core cable according to claim 8 is characterized in that: said command body also comprises odd and stop bits or even parity check and the stop bits that is arranged on the command word tail end; Said data volume also comprises odd and stop bits or even parity check and the stop bits that is arranged on the data bit tail end.
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| CN104196528A (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2014-12-10 | 北京市华建机械制造有限公司 | Side wall coring gun control device |
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| CN110984969A (en) * | 2019-12-21 | 2020-04-10 | 中国电波传播研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第二十二研究所） | Single-core cable transmission device with high reliability and self-adaptive rate adjustment and data transmission method thereof |
| CN116988782A (en) * | 2023-08-14 | 2023-11-03 | 北京港震科技股份有限公司 | Deep well power supply and data transmission method and system based on single-core cable |
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| CN110984969B (en) * | 2019-12-21 | 2023-11-28 | 中国电波传播研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第二十二研究所） | High-reliability self-adaptive rate-adjusting single-core cable transmission device and data transmission method thereof |
| CN116988782A (en) * | 2023-08-14 | 2023-11-03 | 北京港震科技股份有限公司 | Deep well power supply and data transmission method and system based on single-core cable |
| CN116988782B (en) * | 2023-08-14 | 2024-03-26 | 北京港震科技股份有限公司 | Deep well power supply and data transmission method and system based on single-core cable |
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Application publication date: 20120620 |