CN113136086A - ABS composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
ABS composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113136086A CN113136086A CN202110482817.7A CN202110482817A CN113136086A CN 113136086 A CN113136086 A CN 113136086A CN 202110482817 A CN202110482817 A CN 202110482817A CN 113136086 A CN113136086 A CN 113136086A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L55/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers, obtained by polymerisation reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, not provided for in groups C08L23/00 - C08L53/00
- C08L55/02—ABS [Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene] polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/32—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K2003/321—Phosphates
- C08K2003/324—Alkali metal phosphate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ABS composite material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the ABS composite material is prepared from 63-100 parts by weight of bulk ABS resin, 0-20 parts by weight of heat-resistant agent, 0-17 parts by weight of ABS high rubber powder, 0.3-2 parts by weight of nano inorganic powder, 0.1-0.6 part by weight of alkali metal phosphate dispersant, 0.5-3 parts by weight of flatting agent, 0.5-1.5 parts by weight of processing aid and 0.5-1 part by weight of black pigment. The ABS composite material has the effects of high blackness and low gloss, and the mechanical property and the thermal property of the ABS composite material are still kept at excellent levels.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high polymer materials, and particularly relates to an ABS composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
ABS is a short name for acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymer, shows excellent comprehensive performance in practical application, and is widely used in the fields of household appliances, communication, automobiles, electricians and the like.
The good rigidity and toughness balance of ABS makes ABS be more applied to automotive interior spare, but there is the defect of ordinary ABS: on one hand, the blackness of ABS is insufficient, and the color difference between ABS and other polypropylene interior materials is caused, so that the attractiveness is influenced; on the other hand, the common ABS material has higher glossiness, is easy to reflect light, causes visual fatigue of a driver, and influences driving safety. The two defects are mutually contradictory in principle, mainly because the automobile interior material mostly adopts bulk ABS, the rubber particle size is larger, the rubber particle size plays a positive role in low gloss, but the larger the rubber particle size, the harder the rubber particle size is to dye, and the blackness plays a negative role.
The existing common solution is to obtain a surface with high blackness and low gloss by spraying, coating and the like on the surface of an ABS product, but the methods are easy to cause environmental pollution and have higher cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention needs to provide an ABS composite material and a preparation method thereof, which can achieve the effects of high blackness and low gloss of the ABS composite material by adding nano inorganic powder and a matting agent into a bulk ABS resin system, so as to solve the above problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides an ABS composite material, which is prepared from 63-100 parts by weight of bulk ABS resin, 0-20 parts by weight of heat-resistant agent, 0-17 parts by weight of ABS high-rubber powder, 0.3-2 parts by weight of nano inorganic powder, 0.1-0.6 part by weight of alkali metal phosphate dispersant, 0.5-3 parts by weight of delustering agent, 0.5-1.5 parts by weight of processing aid and 0.5-1 part by weight of black pigment.
Further, the heat-resistant agent is selected from styrene- (N-phenylmaleimide) -maleic anhydride terpolymer.
Further, the ABS high rubber powder is selected from an ABS graft copolymer with the rubber content of 55-60%.
Further, the nano inorganic powder is selected from nano silicon dioxide.
Preferably, the particle size of the nano silicon dioxide is 15-20nm, and the oil absorption value of the nano silicon dioxide is 260-280.
Further, the alkali metal phosphate dispersing agent is selected from sodium tripolyphosphate.
Further, the matting agent is selected from epoxy type micro-gelled styrene-acrylonitrile polymers.
Further, the processing aid comprises at least one of an antioxidant and a lubricant, wherein the antioxidant is selected from a compound of a hindered phenol antioxidant and a phosphite ester, and the lubricant is selected from pentaerythritol stearate.
Further, the black pigment is selected from carbon black pigments taking styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer as a carrier.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the ABS composite material, which comprises the following steps:
weighing bulk ABS resin, a heat-resistant agent, ABS high-rubber powder, nano inorganic powder, an alkali metal phosphate dispersant, a flatting agent, a processing aid and black pigment according to the proportion, and fully mixing to obtain a uniform mixed material;
and adding the mixed material into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out melting, extrusion and granulation to obtain the ABS composite material.
Compared with the prior art, the ABS composite material has the advantages that the effects of high blackness and low gloss are realized by adding the nano inorganic powder and the flatting agent into the system, and the mechanical property and the thermal property of the ABS composite material are still maintained at high levels.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be more fully understood, reference will now be made to the specific embodiments illustrated. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
The invention discloses an ABS composite material, which is prepared from 63-100 parts by weight of bulk ABS resin, 0-20 parts by weight of heat-resistant agent, 0-17 parts by weight of ABS high-rubber powder, 0.3-2 parts by weight of nano inorganic powder, 0.1-0.6 part by weight of alkali metal phosphate dispersant, 0.5-3 parts by weight of delustering agent, 0.5-1.5 parts by weight of processing aid and 0.5-1 part by weight of black pigment.
Industrially, ABS resins are emulsion polymerization ABS and bulk ABS. Because the VOC of the ABS product is less, the ABS is more applied to automotive plastics (especially automotive upholsteries) to replace emulsion ABS, and the rubber particle size of the ABS is larger, so that the ABS is easy to realize low gloss and difficult to dye to realize high blackness; and the addition of the flatting agent enables the ABS composite material to have a low-gloss effect, so that the obtained ABS composite material not only has a high blackness but also has a low-gloss effect, and the mechanical property and the thermal property are still kept at high levels.
Further, in order to meet the actual requirement, when the ABS composite requires heat resistance, a heat resistant agent may be added to the system, and the selection of the heat resistant agent may be a conventional choice in the art and will not be further described herein.
Furthermore, in order to improve the impact resistance of the ABS material, a certain amount of ABS high rubber powder is added into an ABS system, the ABS high rubber powder is selected from ABS graft copolymers with the rubber content of 55-60%, and if no special description is provided, the rubber content refers to the mass percentage.
Furthermore, the nanometer inorganic powder is introduced into the ABS system to improve the dyeability of the ABS material, preferably, the nanometer inorganic powder is nanometer silicon dioxide, and the particle size of the nanometer inorganic powder is not particularly limited. More preferably, in some specific embodiments of the present invention, the particle size of the nano-silica is 15-20nm, and the oil absorption value is 260-280, where the particle size range is more favorable for dispersion in the system and processing, and in the preferred particle size range, the nano-inorganic powder is less prone to agglomeration in the blending engineering in the ABS system and processing, and on the other hand, is more favorable for pigment dyeing.
Further, in order to better disperse the nano inorganic powder in the ABS system, the alkali metal phosphate dispersant is added to the ABS system, the type of the alkali metal phosphate dispersant is not particularly limited, and any alkali metal phosphate dispersant may be used, which is not described herein, and in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the alkali metal phosphate dispersant is sodium tripolyphosphate and is directly available on the market. The addition of the dispersant is more beneficial to the dispersion of nano inorganic powder, can obtain larger surface area and is beneficial to pigment dyeing, thereby improving the blackness of an ABS system.
Further, the matting agent of the present invention mainly plays a role in reducing gloss, and a conventional matting agent can be used in the present invention, and in some exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the matting agent is an epoxy-type micro-gelled styrene-acrylonitrile polymer, so that a micro-gelation effect is generated due to chemical cross-linking during injection molding, thereby forming a micro-roughness (concave-convex) effect on the surface of the material, realizing diffuse reflection, thereby generating a low-gloss appearance, and achieving the purpose of matting.
Further, in order to improve the performance of the ABS composite material, a processing aid is further added in the present invention, the processing aid comprises at least one of an antioxidant and a lubricant, both of which may be conventionally selected in the art, in some exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the antioxidant is a combination of a hindered phenol antioxidant and a phosphite, both of which are conventionally selected in the art, and the hindered phenol antioxidant and the phosphite may be mixed and combined in any ratio, preferably, the ratio of the two in parts by weight is 1: (1-1.5); the lubricant is pentaerythritol stearate.
Further, in the present invention, the ABS composite material is dyed by adding a black pigment, and in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the black pigment is a carbon black masterbatch, and the carbon black masterbatch is a carbon black pigment using a styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer as a carrier.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is disclosed a method for preparing an ABS composite material according to the first aspect of the present invention, comprising the steps of:
weighing bulk ABS resin, a heat-resistant agent, ABS high-rubber powder, a delustering agent, nano-silica, sodium tripolyphosphate, a processing aid and carbon black master batches according to the proportion, and fully mixing to obtain a uniform mixed material; it can be understood that the manner of fully mixing here is the conventional mixing in the art, such as mechanical blending, and is not described herein any more, and the mixing parameters such as rotation speed, time, and the like may not be specifically limited, and may be adjusted as needed, as long as the purpose of uniformly mixing is achieved.
And adding the mixed material into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out melting, extrusion and granulation to obtain the ABS composite material. It is understood that the selection of the twin-screw extruder and the processing parameters can be adjusted according to the selection of the matrix resin and the additives, and thus, not specifically limited herein, in some exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the twin-screw extruder is used with a screw diameter of 40mm, a length-to-diameter ratio L/D of 36, temperatures of 180 deg.C, 250 deg.C, 240 deg.C, 230 deg.C, 240 deg.C, 250 deg.C, a main machine rotation speed of 400 rpm, and a feeding speed of 500-.
The technical scheme of the invention is more clearly and completely illustrated by combining specific examples and comparative examples.
The compositions of the ABS composite materials and the added parts by weight of each component in examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-3 are shown in Table 1, and the preparation methods of the ABS composite materials in each example and comparative example are as follows: according to the proportion in table 1, adding ABS resin, heat-resistant agent, ABS high-rubber powder, flatting agent, nano inorganic powder, alkali metal phosphate dispersing agent, carbon black master batch, antioxidant and lubricant into a mixing pot, mixing uniformly, putting into a feeding cylinder of a double-screw extruder, and carrying out melt extrusion, water tank cooling, air drying, grain cutting, sieving and other processes to obtain the ABS composite material. Wherein, the diameter of the screw of the double-screw extruder is 40mm, the length-diameter ratio L/D is 36, the screw is combined and matched with a high-dispersion thread block to help fully disperse the nano inorganic powder in the system, the temperature of the machine barrel is controlled in sections, the temperature of each section is set to be 180 ℃, 250 ℃, 240 ℃, 230 ℃, 240 ℃, 250 ℃, the rotating speed of the main machine is 400 r/min, and the feeding speed is 500-.
TABLE 1 ABS composite materials in examples and comparative examples and amounts (parts by weight) of components
The components used in table 1 are specifically:
the ABS resin is a synthetic resin by a continuous bulk method, and is produced by China petrochemical Shanghai Gaoqiao division.
The heat-resistant agent is MS-NIP produced by Japan electrical chemistry.
The ABS high rubber powder is ABS HR-181 produced in Korea brocade lake.
The processing aid is a compound of an antioxidant and a lubricant, wherein the antioxidant is 1076 and 168 produced by German Pasteur with the weight ratio of 1: 2; the lubricant is PETs manufactured by Italian hair base Co.
The flatting agent is XGM-001 type epoxy microgel organic flatting agent which is easy to produce.
The nano inorganic powder is nano silicon dioxide powder produced by Shanghai Huizhiya, the particle size is 15-20nm, and the oil absorption value is 260-280.
The sodium tripolyphosphate is commercial industrial sodium tripolyphosphate produced by the chemical industry in the Jinnanqing days; for comparative testing, the EBS dispersant of comparative example 4 was a hexamethylenebis stearamide dispersant, manufactured by CMS of Indonesia.
The carbon black master batch is produced by Shanghai Kayin chemical industry, and the carrier is styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer.
The ABS composite materials in the examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-3 are firstly placed in a blast oven at 80 ℃ for drying for 4 hours, the moisture is fully dried, then a sample bar and a sample plate are injection molded on an injection molding machine, the injection molded sample bar and sample plate are adjusted for 24 hours under a standard environment and then relevant performance tests are carried out, and the test results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 ABS COMPOSITE MATERIAL PERFORMANCE TEST RESULTS IN EXAMPLES 1-3 AND COMPARATIVE EXAMPLES 1-3
Wherein, the mechanical properties of the material are judged by numerical values such as tensile strength, bending modulus, impact strength of a simply supported beam notch and the like. The thermal properties of the material are evaluated by the value of the vicat softening temperature measured. The blackness of the material was judged by the L value measured by a color difference meter. The gloss of the material was judged by the measured gloss value. The performance tests in table 2 are specifically:
and (3) testing the density: test size 40 x 10 x 4mm according to ISO 1183-1 standard;
and (3) testing tensile strength: the test piece is processed according to ISO 527-2 standard, the size of the test piece is 135 x 10 x 4mm, and the drawing speed is 50 mm/min;
flexural strength and flexural modulus test: the test specimens were measured according to ISO178 standard at 80X 10X 4mm, bending speed 2mm/min and span 64 mm;
and (3) testing the impact strength of the notch of the simply supported beam: the test piece is processed according to ISO 179-1 standard, and has the size of 80 × 10 × 4mm, A-shaped notch and 4J pendulum bob;
vicat softening temperature test: according to ISO 306 standard, the size of the sample is 10 × 4mm, the load is 50N, and the heating rate is 50 ℃/h;
and (3) testing the glossiness: selecting popular K31 dermatoglyph, testing according to ASTM D523 standard, wherein the testing angle is 60 degrees; the smaller the value, the lower the gloss;
and (3) testing the blackness: the blackness is expressed by the L value of the surface of the material; the smaller the L value, the larger the blackness; the larger the L value, the smaller the blackness.
According to the test results in table 2, as can be seen from the comparison among example 1, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, the blackness value of the ABS composite material in example 1 is significantly improved compared to that in comparative example 1, which is mainly the effect of adding nano silica, and the gloss in example 1 is substantially the same as that in comparative example 1, which indicates that there is a certain synergistic effect between silica and matting agent, so that the addition of silica also contributes to the reduction of gloss; compared with the ABS composite material in the comparative example 2, the gloss of the ABS composite material in the example 1 is obviously reduced, which is mainly due to the addition of the flatting agent, and the blackness in the example 1 is basically consistent with that in the comparative example 2, which shows that a certain synergistic effect exists between the flatting agent and the silicon dioxide, so that the addition of the flatting agent makes a certain contribution to the improvement of the blackness.
Further, from the comparison of the test results of example 1 and comparative example 4, the blackness of the material is greatly improved by sodium tripolyphosphate compared with the conventional dispersant EBS, which shows that the dispersibility of the nano silicon dioxide is improved by the sodium tripolyphosphate, and the dyeing property of the material is obviously improved.
The test data from examples 2 and 3 show that ABS materials of different formulation ratios still exhibit the same tendency to improve gloss and jetness.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An ABS composite material is characterized by being prepared from 63-100 parts by weight of bulk ABS resin, 0-20 parts by weight of heat-resistant agent, 0-17 parts by weight of ABS high-rubber powder, 0.3-2 parts by weight of nano inorganic powder, 0.1-0.6 part by weight of alkali metal phosphate dispersant, 0.5-3 parts by weight of delustering agent, 0.5-1.5 parts by weight of processing aid and 0.5-1 part by weight of black pigment.
2. The ABS composite of claim 1 wherein the heat resistant agent is selected from the group consisting of styrene- (N-phenylmaleimide) -maleic anhydride terpolymers.
3. The ABS composite material according to claim 1, wherein the ABS crumb rubber is selected from ABS graft copolymers having a rubber content of 55-60%.
4. The ABS composite material according to claim 1, wherein the nano inorganic powder is selected from nano silica.
5. The ABS composite material according to claim 4, wherein the nano silica has a particle size of 15 to 20nm and an oil absorption value of 260 to 280.
6. The ABS composite of claim 1 wherein the alkali metal phosphate-based dispersant is selected from sodium tripolyphosphate.
7. The ABS composite of claim 1 wherein the matting agent is selected from the group consisting of epoxy-type microgel styrene-acrylonitrile polymers.
8. The ABS composite material of claim 1, wherein the processing aid comprises at least one of an antioxidant selected from the group consisting of hindered phenolic antioxidants and phosphites in combination, and a lubricant selected from the group consisting of pentaerythritol stearate.
9. The ABS composite of claim 1 wherein the black pigment is selected from the group consisting of carbon black pigments having a styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer as a carrier.
10. A method of preparing an ABS composite according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprising the steps of:
weighing bulk ABS resin, a heat-resistant agent, ABS high-rubber powder, nano inorganic powder, an alkali metal phosphate dispersant, a flatting agent, a processing aid and black pigment according to the proportion, and fully mixing to obtain a uniform mixed material;
and adding the mixed material into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out melting, extrusion and granulation to obtain the ABS composite material.
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| CN114410055A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-29 | 重庆会通科技有限公司 | ABS material and preparation method thereof |
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