CN113135677A - 一种可燃废弃物气化燃烧及烟气净化系统及其运行原理 - Google Patents
一种可燃废弃物气化燃烧及烟气净化系统及其运行原理 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113135677A CN113135677A CN202110532371.4A CN202110532371A CN113135677A CN 113135677 A CN113135677 A CN 113135677A CN 202110532371 A CN202110532371 A CN 202110532371A CN 113135677 A CN113135677 A CN 113135677A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- flue gas
- furnace
- desulfurization
- denitrification
- gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000010849 combustible waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 26
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- XNLICIUVMPYHGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-2-one Chemical compound CCCC(C)=O XNLICIUVMPYHGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- BCZXFFBUYPCTSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium propionate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCC([O-])=O.CCC([O-])=O BCZXFFBUYPCTSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium acetate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000011092 calcium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001639 calcium acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960005147 calcium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010331 calcium propionate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004330 calcium propionate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- WPOPOPFNZYPKAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclobutylmethanol Chemical compound OCC1CCC1 WPOPOPFNZYPKAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002906 medical waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
- C04B7/43—Heat treatment, e.g. precalcining, burning, melting; Cooling
- C04B7/44—Burning; Melting
- C04B7/4407—Treatment or selection of the fuel therefor, e.g. use of hazardous waste as secondary fuel ; Use of particular energy sources, e.g. waste hot gases from other processes
- C04B7/4415—Waste hot gases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/30—Controlling by gas-analysis apparatus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/60—Simultaneously removing sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/81—Solid phase processes
- B01D53/83—Solid phase processes with moving reactants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B13/00—Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
- C01B13/02—Preparation of oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
- C04B7/43—Heat treatment, e.g. precalcining, burning, melting; Cooling
- C04B7/432—Preheating without addition of fuel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/008—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases cleaning gases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/40—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds
- B01D2251/404—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds of calcium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/60—Inorganic bases or salts
- B01D2251/602—Oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/80—Organic bases or salts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0959—Oxygen
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
- Y02P40/125—Fuels from renewable energy sources, e.g. waste or biomass
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种可燃废弃物气化燃烧及烟气净化系统及其运行原理,包括沿物料走向依次设置的预热器系统、水泥窑分解炉和篦冷机;还包括沿气路依次设置的制氧装置、风机、固定床气化炉、燃气炉和烟气脱硫脱硝装置;本发明借助制氧装置制出高浓度氧气并经风机送入到固定床气化炉中以提高燃气炉温度,进而使送入到固定床气化炉内的固废气化完全以提高固废气化率、有效降低固废中的有害物质并稳定可燃气中的SOx、NOx浓度;并借助烟气脱硫脱硝装置将固废燃烧后的烟气进行脱硫脱硝以降低水泥窑分解炉的喷氨量,进而降低了成本并提升了水泥窑分解炉内燃料燃烧与生料分解的效果以保证系统稳定运行。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种可燃废弃物气化燃烧及烟气净化系统及其运行原理。
背景技术
随着经济的发展,城市、工业、农业固体废物排放量越来越多,城市固废如生活垃圾等以往都是以填埋方式处理,很多城市已经出现“垃圾围城”的现象;石油化工业和纺织印染业生产过程中产生了大量油泥、酸碱废渣;医药、农药生产过程中产生了大量医药废物、废药品等;橡胶、皮革工业产生了大量废弃橡胶、皮革、染料等,这些固废按照污染特性划分大都属于危险废物,而且产生量大、种类繁多、成分复杂;固体废物中的重金属在土壤中迁移,导致土壤成分和结构改变,使得大量土地失去可利用的价值;固体废物处置不当,有害成分容易随天然降水、地表径流进入河流湖泊等地表水、其渗滤液经土壤进入地下水,会造成大面积地下水污染;固废中含有大量粉尘、微生物、有害气体排放进入大气后会对人体产生很大伤害;随着固废处置要求的严格,其处置成本也越来越高昂。
利用回转窑处置固废具有较大的技术优势及市场前景,其技术得到较快发展,目前国内已经开始有不少应用项目,没有热值的固废可作为替代原料进入原料粉磨系统;有热值的固废可以作为替代燃料直接进入水泥窑分解炉或窑头燃烧器,也可以经过气化后将可燃气引入水泥窑分解炉燃烧,这种方式适合处置热值不高的固废,这种方式对窑系统运行和水泥熟料质量的影响较小。
但是,在水泥窑分解炉直接添加有热值的固废容易出现水泥窑分解炉燃烧不完全现象,水泥窑分解炉内及预热器出口一氧化碳浓度会升高,而且由于垃圾种类多样且未分类,成分和热值相差较大,造成燃烧过程不稳定、燃烧后排放的烟气中污染物(如:SOx、NOx)浓度波动较大;若在焚烧前先进行垃圾分类与分选是改善成分与热值波动的较好的技术路线,但其成本较大,几乎很少使用;若采用预燃装置预先燃烧固废,可燃气中的SOx、NOx会全部进入水泥窑分解炉,这就需要往水泥窑分解炉中喷入大量的氨水以脱硝,成本也较大,而且即使如此也较难达到高效脱硝反应条件。
目前最常用的方式是先将废弃物气化为可燃气,再送入水泥窑分解炉焚烧,以减少进入到水泥窑分解炉内的SOx、NOx,但可燃气燃烧后依然会在水泥窑分解炉中产生一定量的SOx、NOx,且随着进入固定床气化炉固废成分的变化,可燃气中的SOx、NOx浓度也会发生波动;虽然烟气中的SOx、NOx可依据SNCR脱硝原理通过喷氨的方式来应对,但喷氨量无法根据实际情况快速、准确的实时调整,进而导致系统运行不够稳定;因此,亟需等待解决。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术的现状,本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种有效提高固废气化率、有效降低固废中的有害物质并稳定可燃气中的SOx、NOx浓度,进而降低了水泥窑分解炉的喷氨量以降低了成本,同时保证系统稳定运行的可燃废弃物气化燃烧及烟气净化系统及其运行原理。
本发明解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案为:一种可燃废弃物气化燃烧及烟气净化系统,包括沿物料走向依次设置的预热器系统、水泥窑分解炉和篦冷机,水泥窑分解炉的前段与中后段之间通过三次风管相互连通,其特征在于,还包括沿气路依次设置的制氧装置、风机、固定床气化炉、燃气炉和烟气脱硫脱硝装置,所述制氧装置的出气口通过风机与固定床气化炉的进风口相连,所述固定床气化炉的出风口与燃气炉的进风口相连,所述燃气炉的出风口与烟气脱硫脱硝装置的进风口相连,所述烟气脱硫脱硝装置的顶部出风口还通过烟气分析仪与预热器系统的进风口或水泥窑分解炉的中后段相互连通;还包括第一计量喂料装置和第二计量喂料装置,所述第一计量喂料装置的出料口连接在烟气脱硫脱硝装置的底部一侧并与烟气脱硫脱硝装置的内部相互连通;所述第二计量喂料装置的出料口连接在固定床气化炉的顶部;所述燃气炉的一侧还向外形成有燃料补充管和进气管,所述燃料补充管的端部倾斜向上设置;所述进气管的端部还通过流量控制阀与篦冷机的高温段或三次风管相互连通。
优选地,所述烟气脱硫脱硝装置的底部一侧还设有撒料台,所述第一计量喂料装置的出料口通过撒料台与烟气脱硫脱硝装置的内部相互连通。
优选地,所述燃气炉的出风口处还设有第一测温装置,所述烟气脱硫脱硝装置的顶部出风口处还设有第二测温装置。
一种可燃废弃物气化燃烧及烟气净化系统的运行原理,包括以下步骤:
步骤一:将可燃废弃物通过第二计量喂料装置送入到固定床气化炉中进行气化,同时启动制氧装置以制出高浓度氧气并经风机送入固定床气化炉中以代替空气参与对可燃废弃物的气化,进而降低产出气中氮气量以提高产出气中其它可燃性气体比重,从而提高产气热值。
步骤二:固定床气化炉产出的可燃气体进入燃气炉中进行燃烧,燃烧后的高温烟气送入到烟气脱硫脱硝装置中,再将脱硫脱硝剂通过第一计量喂料装置和撒料台喂入烟气脱硫脱硝装置中以对烟气进行脱硫脱硝;第一计量喂料装置与烟气分析仪协同控制,当烟气分析仪测得从烟气脱硫脱硝装置排出的烟气中的NOx、SOx浓度较高时,增加脱硫脱硝剂的喂入量以改善脱硝效果。
步骤三:燃气炉与第一测温装置协同控制,当燃气炉内的温度较低时,可将燃料通过燃料补充管喷入燃气炉内以升高燃气炉内的温度,进而保证从燃气炉进入到烟气脱硫脱硝装置中的烟气与脱硫脱硝剂反应后产生较多的H2、CO、烃类以提高脱硝效率,同时与从篦冷机高温段或从三次风管中的排出的高温热风相互混合成助燃风并在燃气炉中燃烧。
步骤四:将从烟气脱硫脱硝装置的顶部出风口排出的经脱硫脱硝净化后的高温烟气送入水泥窑分解炉中供生料的分解;第二测温装置用于监测烟气脱硫脱硝装置内是否达到合适的反应温度。
步骤五:生料的分解后的烟气经由水泥窑分解炉再进入到预热器系统中并在预热器系统中与未分解的生料进行换热以实现生料的预热,最后经处理后排入大气。
步骤六:流量控制阀与烟气分析仪协同控制,当烟气分析仪测得从烟气脱硫脱硝装置排出的烟气中的氧含量较高时,减小流量控制阀开度以保证烟气脱硫脱硝装置内较高的还原性气氛,从而保证较高的脱硝效率。
优选地,所述步骤二中的脱硫脱硝剂为有机酸制成的废弃有机钙粉或废弃有机酸制成的有机钙粉。
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点在于:本发明借助制氧装置制出高浓度氧气并经风机送入到固定床气化炉中以提高燃气炉温度,进而使送入到固定床气化炉内的固废气化完全以提高固废气化率、有效降低固废中的有害物质并稳定可燃气中的SOx、NOx浓度;并借助烟气脱硫脱硝装置将固废燃烧后的烟气进行脱硫脱硝以降低水泥窑分解炉的喷氨量,进而降低了成本并提升了水泥窑分解炉内燃料燃烧与生料分解的效果以保证系统稳定运行。
附图说明
图1为本发明的烟气脱硫脱硝装置的顶部出风口与预热器系统相连时的结构原理图;
图2为本发明的烟气脱硫脱硝装置的顶部出风口与水泥窑分解炉进风口相连时的结构原理图;
图3为本发明的进气管的端部与水泥窑分解炉进风口相连时的结构原理图。
具体实施方式
除非另外定义,本发明使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本发明所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本发明中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性,而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同,而不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接,而是可以包括电性的连接,不管是直接的还是间接的。“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等仅用于表示相对位置关系,当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后,则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。
为了保持本发明实施例的以下说明清楚且简明,本发明省略了已知功能和已知部件的详细说明。
如图1~3所示,一种可燃废弃物气化燃烧及烟气净化系统,包括沿物料走向依次设置的预热器系统11、水泥窑分解炉13和篦冷机12,水泥窑分解炉13的前段与中后段之间通过三次风管15相互连通;还包括沿气路依次设置的制氧装置1、风机2、固定床气化炉3、燃气炉5和烟气脱硫脱硝装置8,制氧装置1的出气口通过风机2与固定床气化炉3的进风口相连,固定床气化炉3的出风口与燃气炉5的进风口相连,燃气炉5的出风口与烟气脱硫脱硝装置8的进风口相连,烟气脱硫脱硝装置8的顶部出风口还通过烟气分析仪10与预热器系统11的进风口或水泥窑分解炉13的中后段相互连通,烟气分析仪10能实时监测烟气中的成分,当烟气中的NOx、SOx浓度较高时,增加脱硫脱硝剂的喂料量以改善脱硝效果;还包括第一计量喂料装置7和第二计量喂料装置4,第一计量喂料装置7的出料口连接在烟气脱硫脱硝装置8的底部一侧并与烟气脱硫脱硝装置8的内部相互连通;第二计量喂料装置4的出料口连接在固定床气化炉3的顶部;燃气炉5的一侧还向外形成有燃料补充管51和进气管52,燃料补充管51的端部倾斜向上设置;进气管52的端部还通过流量控制阀14与篦冷机12的高温段或三次风管15相互连通。
烟气脱硫脱硝装置8的底部一侧还设有撒料台81,第一计量喂料装置7的出料口通过撒料台81与烟气脱硫脱硝装置8的内部相互连通。
燃气炉5的出风口处还设有第一测温装置6以实时监测燃气炉5内部的烟气温度。
烟气脱硫脱硝装置8的顶部出风口处还设有第二测温装置9以实时监测烟气脱硫脱硝装置8内部的烟气温度。
一种可燃废弃物气化燃烧及烟气净化系统的运行原理,包括以下步骤:
步骤一:将可燃废弃物通过第二计量喂料装置4送入到固定床气化炉3中进行气化,同时启动制氧装置1以制出高浓度氧气并经风机2送入固定床气化炉3中以代替空气参与对可燃废弃物的气化,进而降低产出气中氮气量以提高产出气中其它可燃性气体比重,从而提高产气热值。
步骤二:固定床气化炉3产出的可燃气体进入燃气炉5中进行燃烧,燃烧后的高温烟气送入到烟气脱硫脱硝装置8中,再将脱硫脱硝剂通过第一计量喂料装置7和撒料台81喂入烟气脱硫脱硝装置8中以对烟气进行脱硫脱硝,撒料台81的设置能使脱硫脱硝剂均匀撒开并与燃烧后达1000℃的烟气充分混合;第一计量喂料装置7与烟气分析仪10协同控制,当烟气分析仪10测得从烟气脱硫脱硝装置8排出的烟气中的NOx、SOx浓度较高时,增加脱硫脱硝剂的喂入量以改善脱硝效果。
步骤三:燃气炉5与第一测温装置6协同控制,当燃气炉5内的温度较低时,可将燃料通过燃料补充管51喷入燃气炉5内以升高燃气炉5内的温度,进而保证从燃气炉5进入到烟气脱硫脱硝装置8中的烟气与脱硫脱硝剂反应后产生较多的H2、CO、烃类以提高脱硝效率,同时与从篦冷机12高温段或从三次风管15中的排出的高温热风相互混合成助燃风并在燃气炉5中燃烧。
步骤四:将从烟气脱硫脱硝装置8的顶部出风口排出的经脱硫脱硝净化后的高温烟气(温度约900℃)送入水泥窑分解炉13中供生料的分解;第二测温装置9用于监测烟气脱硫脱硝装置8内是否达到合适的反应温度。
步骤五:生料的分解后的烟气经由水泥窑分解炉13再进入到预热器系统11中并在预热器系统11中与未分解的生料进行换热以实现生料的预热,最后经处理后排入大气。
步骤六:流量控制阀14与烟气分析仪10协同控制,当烟气分析仪10测得从烟气脱硫脱硝装置8排出的烟气中的氧含量较高时,减小流量控制阀14开度以保证烟气脱硫脱硝装置8内较高的还原性气氛,从而保证较高的脱硝效率。
步骤二中的脱硫脱硝剂为有机酸制成的废弃有机钙粉或废弃有机酸制成的有机钙粉,有机钙粉主要是乙酸钙和丙酸钙)在450~550℃之间会分解出碳酸钙、丙酮或戊酮等大分子碳氢化合物,丙酮、戊酮等物质在高温下继续分解成CH4、C2H2、CH3、CH2O等小分子物质;在烟气脱硫脱硝装置8中,碳酸钙在670℃以上分解出氧化钙,氧化钙能完成烟气中SOx的脱除;在900℃以上时,丙酮、戊酮等物质分解出的大量活性基团CHi、CnHm能高效地将NOx还原成N2,实现高效脱硝。
乙酸钙脱硝的反应机理为:
Ca(CH3COO)2→CaCO3+C3H6O
8NO+C3H6O→4N2+3CO2+3H2O
8NO+C3H4→4N2+3CO2+2H2O
4NO+CH4→2N2+CO2+2H2O
2NO+2C2H2+4O2→N2+4CO2+H2O
2NO+2C2H4+5O2→N2+4CO2+4H2O
2NO+2CO→N2+2CO2
2NO+2H2→N2+2H2O
丙酸钙脱硝的反应机理为:
Ca(C2H5COO)2→CaCO3+C5H10O
8NO+C3H6O→4N2+3CO2+3H2O
8NO+C3H4→4N2+3CO2+2H2O
4NO+CH4→2N2+CO2+2H2O
2NO+2C2H2+4O2→N2+4CO2+H2O
2NO+2C2H4+5O2→N2+4CO2+4H2O
2NO+2CO→N2+2CO2
2NO+2H2→N2+2H2O
本发明借助制氧装置1制出高浓度氧气并经风机2送入到固定床气化炉3中以提高燃气炉温度,进而使送入到固定床气化炉3内的固废气化完全以提高固废气化率、有效降低固废中的有害物质并稳定可燃气中的SOx、NOx浓度;并借助烟气脱硫脱硝装置8将固废燃烧后的烟气进行脱硫脱硝以降低水泥窑分解炉12的喷氨量,进而降低了成本并提升了水泥窑分解炉12内燃料燃烧与生料分解的效果以保证系统稳定运行。
最后应说明的是:以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的技术人员应当理解,其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行同等替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神与范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种可燃废弃物气化燃烧及烟气净化系统,包括沿物料走向依次设置的预热器系统、水泥窑分解炉和篦冷机,水泥窑分解炉的前段与中后段之间通过三次风管相互连通,其特征在于,还包括沿气路依次设置的制氧装置、风机、固定床气化炉、燃气炉和烟气脱硫脱硝装置,所述制氧装置的出气口通过风机与固定床气化炉的进风口相连,所述固定床气化炉的出风口与燃气炉的进风口相连,所述燃气炉的出风口与烟气脱硫脱硝装置的进风口相连,所述烟气脱硫脱硝装置的顶部出风口还通过烟气分析仪与预热器系统的进风口或水泥窑分解炉的中后段相互连通;还包括第一计量喂料装置和第二计量喂料装置,所述第一计量喂料装置的出料口连接在烟气脱硫脱硝装置的底部一侧并与烟气脱硫脱硝装置的内部相互连通;所述第二计量喂料装置的出料口连接在固定床气化炉的顶部;所述燃气炉的一侧还向外形成有燃料补充管和进气管,所述燃料补充管的端部倾斜向上设置;所述进气管的端部还通过流量控制阀与篦冷机的高温段或三次风管相互连通。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种可燃废弃物气化燃烧及烟气净化系统,其特征在于,所述烟气脱硫脱硝装置的底部一侧还设有撒料台,所述第一计量喂料装置的出料口通过撒料台与烟气脱硫脱硝装置的内部相互连通。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种可燃废弃物气化燃烧及烟气净化系统,其特征在于,所述燃气炉的出风口处还设有第一测温装置,所述烟气脱硫脱硝装置的顶部出风口处还设有第二测温装置。
4.一种可燃废弃物气化燃烧及烟气净化系统的运行原理,包括以下步骤:
步骤一:将可燃废弃物通过第二计量喂料装置送入到固定床气化炉中进行气化,同时启动制氧装置以制出高浓度氧气并经风机送入固定床气化炉中以代替空气参与对可燃废弃物的气化,进而降低产出气中氮气量以提高产出气中其它可燃性气体比重,从而提高产气热值。
步骤二:固定床气化炉产出的可燃气体进入燃气炉中进行燃烧,燃烧后的高温烟气送入到烟气脱硫脱硝装置中,再将脱硫脱硝剂通过第一计量喂料装置和撒料台喂入烟气脱硫脱硝装置中以对烟气进行脱硫脱硝;第一计量喂料装置与烟气分析仪协同控制,当烟气分析仪测得从烟气脱硫脱硝装置排出的烟气中的NOx、SOx浓度较高时,增加脱硫脱硝剂的喂入量以改善脱硝效果。
步骤三:燃气炉与第一测温装置协同控制,当燃气炉内的温度较低时,可将燃料通过燃料补充管喷入燃气炉内以升高燃气炉内的温度,进而保证从燃气炉进入到烟气脱硫脱硝装置中的烟气与脱硫脱硝剂反应后产生较多的H2、CO、烃类以提高脱硝效率,同时与从篦冷机高温段或从三次风管中的排出的高温热风相互混合成助燃风并在燃气炉中燃烧。
步骤四:将从烟气脱硫脱硝装置的顶部出风口排出的经脱硫脱硝净化后的高温烟气送入水泥窑分解炉中供生料的分解;第二测温装置用于监测烟气脱硫脱硝装置内是否达到合适的反应温度。
步骤五:生料的分解后的烟气经由水泥窑分解炉再进入到预热器系统中并在预热器系统中与未分解的生料进行换热以实现生料的预热,最后经处理后排入大气。
步骤六:流量控制阀与烟气分析仪协同控制,当烟气分析仪测得从烟气脱硫脱硝装置排出的烟气中的氧含量较高时,减小流量控制阀开度以保证烟气脱硫脱硝装置内较高的还原性气氛,从而保证较高的脱硝效率。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种可燃废弃物气化燃烧及烟气净化系统的运行原理,其特征在于,所述步骤二中的脱硫脱硝剂为有机酸制成的废弃有机钙粉或废弃有机酸制成的有机钙粉。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202110532371.4A CN113135677A (zh) | 2021-05-17 | 2021-05-17 | 一种可燃废弃物气化燃烧及烟气净化系统及其运行原理 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202110532371.4A CN113135677A (zh) | 2021-05-17 | 2021-05-17 | 一种可燃废弃物气化燃烧及烟气净化系统及其运行原理 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN113135677A true CN113135677A (zh) | 2021-07-20 |
Family
ID=76817181
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202110532371.4A Pending CN113135677A (zh) | 2021-05-17 | 2021-05-17 | 一种可燃废弃物气化燃烧及烟气净化系统及其运行原理 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN113135677A (zh) |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN211025758U (zh) * | 2019-10-09 | 2020-07-17 | 郑州蓝霞环保工程有限公司 | 一种用于水泥窑烟气脱硝系统 |
CN111750683A (zh) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-10-09 | 天津水泥工业设计研究院有限公司 | 一种可调节还原区氧浓度的分解炉分区组织燃烧自脱硝系统及工艺 |
-
2021
- 2021-05-17 CN CN202110532371.4A patent/CN113135677A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN211025758U (zh) * | 2019-10-09 | 2020-07-17 | 郑州蓝霞环保工程有限公司 | 一种用于水泥窑烟气脱硝系统 |
CN111750683A (zh) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-10-09 | 天津水泥工业设计研究院有限公司 | 一种可调节还原区氧浓度的分解炉分区组织燃烧自脱硝系统及工艺 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US5105747A (en) | Process and apparatus for reducing pollutant emissions in flue gases | |
Jin et al. | Effects of blending hydrothermally treated municipal solid waste with coal on co-combustion characteristics in a lab-scale fluidized bed reactor | |
CN106705064A (zh) | 一种降低生活垃圾焚烧烟气二噁英的方法 | |
CN106678805A (zh) | 一种降低生活垃圾焚烧烟气二噁英的处理系统及应用方法 | |
CA2298785A1 (en) | Reburn process | |
KR20000071895A (ko) | 산소부화가스를 이용한 폐기물의 굴뚝없는 완전 자원화 처리공정 | |
Kobyashi et al. | The behavior of flue gas from RDF combustion in a fluidized bed | |
CN106731560A (zh) | 一种生活垃圾与污泥协同焚烧发电废气净化超低排放系统 | |
KR101604679B1 (ko) | 산화반응과 환원반응이 분리되어 일어나도록 하는 환원용버너 및 이를 이용한 합성가스 리사이클링 시스템 | |
CN108636108A (zh) | 基于焦化生产工序协同的化产尾气净化工艺 | |
CN112161276A (zh) | 一种危险废物焚烧降氮方法及装置 | |
US20230295516A1 (en) | Method and treatment facility for physical and thermochemical treatment of biomass | |
CN114672328A (zh) | 处理有机固废物的方法、系统及应用 | |
CN112642275A (zh) | 有机废弃物热解气化燃烧协同烧结脱硝一体化系统和方法 | |
CN104315519B (zh) | 一种高含氮可燃废弃物低污染自洁净燃烧方法及装置 | |
Werle | Possibility of NOx emission reduction from combustion process using sewage sludge gasification gas as an additional fuel | |
CN113135677A (zh) | 一种可燃废弃物气化燃烧及烟气净化系统及其运行原理 | |
CN105838453A (zh) | 一种生物质气化炉内原位脱除生物质粗燃气中含氮污染物的方法 | |
CN105664690A (zh) | 一种利用煤气发生炉对水泥分解炉进行脱硝的系统 | |
CN213761280U (zh) | 有机废弃物热解气化燃烧协同烧结脱硝一体化系统 | |
CN108865267A (zh) | 一种固、液、气体有害物气化净化与能源利用系统和方法 | |
CN111503645B (zh) | 烟气脱硝工艺以及烟气脱硝装置 | |
CN113464953A (zh) | 一种高效减排氮氧化物的垃圾焚烧系统及方法 | |
CN210568447U (zh) | 一种炉排垃圾热解气化燃烧一体化系统 | |
KR102216893B1 (ko) | 친환경 가연성 물질 연소력 향상제 제조방법 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20210720 |
|
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |