CN113135447A - Dust suppression method for bulk material unloading - Google Patents
Dust suppression method for bulk material unloading Download PDFInfo
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- CN113135447A CN113135447A CN202110607764.7A CN202110607764A CN113135447A CN 113135447 A CN113135447 A CN 113135447A CN 202110607764 A CN202110607764 A CN 202110607764A CN 113135447 A CN113135447 A CN 113135447A
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- Prior art keywords
- dust
- discharge
- retaining wall
- discharge hopper
- pit
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G67/00—Loading or unloading vehicles
- B65G67/02—Loading or unloading land vehicles
- B65G67/24—Unloading land vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G67/00—Loading or unloading vehicles
- B65G67/60—Loading or unloading ships
- B65G67/606—Loading or unloading ships using devices specially adapted for bulk material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G69/00—Auxiliary measures taken, or devices used, in connection with loading or unloading
- B65G69/18—Preventing escape of dust
- B65G69/181—Preventing escape of dust by means of sealed systems
- B65G69/182—Preventing escape of dust by means of sealed systems with aspiration means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G2201/00—Indexing codes relating to handling devices, e.g. conveyors, characterised by the type of product or load being conveyed or handled
- B65G2201/04—Bulk
Abstract
The invention discloses a dust suppression method for bulk material unloading, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a dust remover and a fan are installed, the dust remover and the fan are connected together through a ventilation pipeline, and at least one air inlet of the ventilation pipeline is fixedly installed at an air exhaust port of a discharge hopper or a discharge pit; secondly, installing a dust enclosing and blocking structure on the upper opening edge of the discharge hopper or the discharge pit; and thirdly, starting a fan, enabling the dust escape-proof space to be in a negative pressure state by the fan, and sucking the dust in the material into a discharge hopper or a discharge pit through the dust escape-proof space under the action of the negative pressure. The dust enclosing and blocking structure is arranged above the discharge hopper, so that the distance between the grab ship unloader and the discharge hopper is shortened, dust in materials can enter the discharge hopper to the maximum extent, the dust overflow is reduced, the dust removal effect is good, the dust removal rate is improved, the problem which puzzles the bulk cargo unloading industry is solved, the dust enclosing and blocking structure is particularly suitable for ports and docks with large wind speed, the ship stopping time is shortened, and the transportation cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of bulk material unloading, in particular to a dust suppression method for bulk material unloading.
Background
In ports, docks, mines, bulk material warehouses, cargo yards and other places, bulk materials are unloaded in material bins or discharge hoppers by common transport vehicles or grab ship unloaders and the like. When discharging, a steel grating is arranged at the upper opening of the material bin or in the discharging hopper for protecting the personal safety of workers. However, the dust in the bulk materials is diffused to the periphery along with the airflow in the unloading process, so that the dust flies around, the unloading environment is severe, and the human health is harmed. In addition, the port and the wharf are often accompanied by sea wind in the unloading process, the distance between the grab head and the unloading hopper has to be increased for ensuring safety during unloading, and dust in the material is blown away in the air by the sea wind in the falling process, so that the operation environment is extremely bad, the normal ship unloading operation is influenced, and the transportation cost is increased.
In order to solve the technical problem that dust flies when bulk cargo is unloaded, some enterprises use fans to extract negative pressure, and the dust in the bulk cargo is extracted away by the negative pressure to avoid flying dust. However, the steel grating or grate at the receiving opening has a large ventilation area, and a high-power fan (large air volume and high air pressure) is needed to pump the dust in the bulk material into the discharge hopper or the material bin, so that the energy consumption is high, and the operation cost of an enterprise is increased; meanwhile, as the bulk material and the discharge hopper have a large distance, a large amount of dust is still directly blown away in the air in the discharging process, so that the normal discharging cannot be realized, and particularly, the discharging sites with large wind speed such as ports and wharfs and the like are used. Therefore, the problem of how to solve the dust problem in the bulk material unloading process is still a difficult problem which puzzles the whole industry.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a dust suppression method for bulk material unloading, wherein a discharge hopper and a dust escape prevention space are in a micro-negative pressure state by negative pressure provided by a fan in the unloading process, the dust escape prevention space shortens the distance between a bulk material falling position and the discharge hopper, the dust overflow amount is effectively reduced, and the dust removal effect is good.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the dust suppression method for bulk material unloading comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a dust remover and a fan are installed, the dust remover and the fan are connected together through a ventilation pipeline, and at least one air inlet of the ventilation pipeline is fixedly installed at an air exhaust port of a discharge hopper or a discharge pit;
secondly, installing a dust enclosing structure on the upper opening edge of the discharge hopper or the discharge pit, wherein the dust enclosing structure comprises retaining walls and/or air curtain machines which are arranged along the circumferential direction of the discharge hopper or the discharge pit, and the retaining walls and/or the air curtain machines enclose a dust escape-proof space with the height of 0.5-3.0 m;
and thirdly, starting a fan, enabling the dust escape-proof space to be in a negative pressure state, sucking dust in the material into a discharge hopper or a discharge pit through the dust escape-proof space under the action of the negative pressure, then enabling the dust to enter a dust remover through a ventilation pipeline, and discharging the dust-removed air into the atmosphere under the action of the fan.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, before the dust enclosing structure is installed, a dust shielding structure is horizontally installed in the discharge hopper or the discharge pit, the dust shielding structure is any one of a steel grating, a grate, a shielding curtain and a dust shielding assembly, the dust shielding structure and the discharge hopper or the discharge pit enclose a material cavity, and the blower is started to make the material cavity in a micro-negative pressure state.
In a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dust-shielding structure is a dust-shielding assembly comprising a mounting structure and a plurality of dust-shielding units having the same structure; wherein:
the mounting structure comprises a mounting frame and a plurality of mounting pieces arranged in the mounting frame at intervals, the mounting frame is divided into a plurality of feed openings by the mounting pieces, and each feed opening is internally provided with one dust shielding unit;
the dust shielding unit comprises a plurality of material sliding parts and sealing parts which are alternately arranged along the length direction of the feed opening, each material sliding part is obliquely arranged, the upper part of each sealing part is hinged to the upper part of one material sliding part adjacent to the sealing part, and the lower part of each sealing part is overlapped on the lower part of the other material sliding part adjacent to the sealing part;
each sealing element has a first state, a second state and a third state, and the lower part of each sealing element is placed on the material sliding element in the first state; in the second state, the sealing element is opened under the impact of the bulk material, so that the material falls into the receiving element; and in the third state, the sealing element vibrates in a reciprocating manner to enable the material to slide into the receiving element.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, before the dust-shielding structure is installed, a ventilation blocking unit is installed inside the discharge hopper or the discharge pit along the circumferential direction thereof, or a ventilation blocking unit is installed at each of the air exhaust openings, so as to block materials from entering the air exhaust pipeline. More preferably, the ventilation blocking unit is a shutter structure or a ventilation anti-blocking net arranged in the discharge hopper or the discharge pit.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dust enclosing and blocking structure in the second step is a vertically arranged retaining wall, the bottom of the retaining wall is fixed on the upper opening edge of the discharge hopper or the discharge pit during installation, and the retaining wall is arranged along the circumferential direction of the discharge hopper or the discharge pit.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the retaining wall is a flexible retaining wall or a rigid retaining wall, and the flexible retaining wall is a retaining wall or a rubber retaining wall.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dust containment structure in the second step comprises at least one retaining wall and at least one air curtain, and the at least one retaining wall and the air curtain are arranged along the circumferential direction of the discharge hopper or the discharge pit and enclose the dust escape prevention space.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dust enclosing and blocking structure in the second step comprises a plurality of retaining walls circumferentially arranged along the discharge hopper or the discharge pit, and the retaining walls are flexible retaining walls or rigid retaining walls.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flexible retaining wall is an air bag retaining wall or a rubber retaining wall.
By adopting the technical scheme, the beneficial effects are as follows:
the special dust-shielding structure is used for replacing the traditional steel grating, the special dust-shielding structure can be directly arranged in the discharge hopper and can also be arranged in the discharge hopper (or a discharge pit), the modification cost of an enterprise is effectively reduced, and the special dust-shielding structure is suitable for new projects and has a wide application range; the dust shielding structure is arranged at any height inside the material receiving part, so that the original unloading space of the material receiving part is reserved, the influence on an unloading site is small, and the unloading requirements of sites such as ports, wharfs, warehouses and the like can be met; the closing plate that covers dirt structure is closed state when the in-process of unloading does not receive the material and assaults, reduces the area of ventilating, and then has reduced the requirement to the fan, reduces the energy consumption, reduces the cost of unloading.
The dust blocking structure is arranged above the discharge hopper, so that the distance between a grab ship unloader (or a transport vehicle) and the discharge hopper is shortened, dust in materials can enter the dust escape-proof space and the discharge hopper below the grab ship unloader to the maximum extent, the dust overflow is reduced, the dust removal effect is good, the dust removal rate is improved, the problem which puzzles the bulk cargo unloading industry is solved, the dust blocking structure is particularly suitable for ports and docks with high wind speed, the ship stopping time is shortened, and the transportation cost is reduced. Meanwhile, the sealing plate can vibrate in a reciprocating manner in a small amplitude under the action of the fan, so that material clamping is effectively avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below. Wherein the drawings are only for purposes of illustrating some embodiments of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting all embodiments of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the dust-shielding structure of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion a in fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion B in fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a top view of fig. 3.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a top view of fig. 7.
The names of the components corresponding to the corresponding reference numerals in the drawings are: 1.1-dust remover; 1.2-a fan; 2-a discharge hopper; 3-a shutter; 4-retaining wall; 5.1-mounting the frame; 5.2-mounting plate; 5.3-material sliding plate; 5.4-sealing plate; 5.5-protective plate; 5.6-mounting the shaft; 5.7-sleeve; 5.8-protective pad; 6-air curtain machine.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings, which are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed embodiments and specific operation procedures are provided, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
Implementation mode one
The dust suppression method for bulk material unloading comprises the following steps:
firstly, respectively installing a dust remover 1.1 and a fan 1.2 at designed positions, connecting the dust remover 1.1 and the fan 1.2 together by using a ventilation pipeline, and finally fixedly installing an air inlet of the ventilation pipeline at an air exhaust outlet of a discharge hopper 2 (or a discharge pit); during actual installation, one, two, three or four air suction ports can be arranged, and each air suction port is communicated with one air inlet of the ventilation pipeline;
secondly, a steel grating (also can be a grate, and a flexible rubber curtain can be used for bulk materials such as sand, stone and the like) is arranged in the discharge hopper 2 (or the discharge pit), so that the dust-shielding device not only can filter larger impurities in the raw materials, but also has the dust shielding effect and can reduce the raised dust; the steel grating and the discharge hopper 2 form a material cavity, the material cavity can temporarily store materials and can directly drop the materials onto a lower conveyor;
thirdly, mounting ventilation blocking units in the discharging hopper 2 or the discharging pit along the circumferential direction of the discharging hopper or mounting ventilation blocking units at each air exhaust opening, wherein the ventilation blocking units are louvers 3 arranged in the discharging hopper 2 or the discharging pit, the inclination directions of blades of the louvers 3 are the same, and each blade extends from the outer side of the louver 3 to the inner side of the louver from top to bottom in an inclined manner, so that materials can be effectively prevented from entering an air exhaust pipeline of the air exhaust assembly from the air exhaust opening under the action of micro negative pressure, and the probability of blocking the air exhaust assembly is reduced;
fourthly, installing a dust enclosing structure at the upper opening of the discharge hopper 2 (or the discharge pit), namely installing retaining walls 4 along the circumferential direction of the upper opening of the discharge hopper 2 (or the discharge pit) (one retaining wall is installed at the top of each side wall of the discharge hopper 2), and sequentially connecting the retaining walls 4 end to enclose a dust escape-proof space (the height of the dust escape-proof space is between 0.5m and 3.0m, preferably between 0.8m and 1.5 m);
during actual installation, the retaining wall 4 is preferably an air bag retaining wall (also can be a rubber retaining wall, and can also be a retaining wall processed by other flexible materials or rigid materials), so that the requirement on the moving position of a transport vehicle or the unloading position of a grab bucket is lowered, the safety is improved, and the probability of safety accidents is lowered; the retaining wall 4 shortens the distance between the discharge hopper 2 and the grab ship unloader, and avoids dust overflow; when the air bag is not used, the air bag is deflated to enable the air bag to be poured into the discharge hopper 2, so that the influence of the external environment on the retaining wall 4 is reduced, and the service life of the retaining wall 4 is prolonged;
the bottom of the retaining wall 4 is fixedly connected to the upper opening edge of the discharge hopper 2 through bolts; the four retaining walls 4 can enclose an escape-proof space with a height of 0.5-1.5 m. In the unloading process, the escape-proof space can effectively prevent dust from diffusing to the periphery, so that the dust in the escape-proof space enters the discharging hopper 2 under the action of micro negative pressure, and the dust removal rate is improved;
in actual installation, the retaining walls 4 are correspondingly adjusted according to the transport vehicle and the grab ship unloader, and for the grab ship unloader, the four retaining walls 4 can be processed to be at the same height as the grab bucket rotates above the discharge hopper 2 and can be lifted. In the discharging process, the negative pressure generated by the draught of the fan enables the escape-proof space to be in a micro negative pressure state, so that dust in the escape-proof space enters the discharging hopper 2 under the action of the micro negative pressure, the dust removal rate is improved, and the discharging requirement of a port or a wharf with larger wind power can be met;
when the transport vehicle is used for discharging, the height of the retaining wall 4 adjacent to the tail of the transport vehicle is lower than that of the transport vehicle, so that the discharging opening of the transport vehicle can smoothly enter the discharging hopper 2, and the discharging operation requirement can be met; the two retaining walls 4 in the same direction as the transport vehicle can be processed into an L-shaped structure according to actual conditions, so that the sealing performance of an anti-escape space is ensured, and a large-area leak of a dust enclosing structure is prevented;
fifthly, laying a protective net on the steel grating horizontally; during actual installation, the protective net can adopt a rhombic net (of course, other protective nets with round holes, square holes or regular polygonal holes can also be adopted), so that bulk materials can pass through the protective net, workers can safely walk on the dust shielding structure, and safety is improved;
sixthly, starting the fan 1.2, wherein the fan 1.2 directly acts on the material cavity, so that the material cavity and the dust escape prevention space are both in a negative pressure state, the material freely falls from top to bottom depending on the acceleration of gravity in the discharging process, and a part of dust in the material enters the material cavity under the negative pressure of the dust escape space and the material cavity and then enters the dust remover 1.1 for dust removal treatment, so that the dust amount in the discharging process is effectively reduced, and the energy is saved and the environment is protected; in addition, the enclosure of the dust enclosing structure reduces the influence of the wind speed on the unloading operation, improves the unloading speed, shortens the parking time of vehicles or ships and reduces the transportation cost.
Second embodiment
The difference between the dust suppression method for bulk material unloading in the embodiment and the first embodiment is that the dust shielding structure is different. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: as shown in fig. 2 to 6, the dust-shielding structure in the present embodiment includes
The mounting unit comprises a mounting frame 5.1 with a rectangular structure and a plurality of mounting pieces (vertically arranged mounting plates 5.2) welded in the mounting frame 5.1 at equal intervals, the mounting frames 5.1 are divided into a plurality of feed openings with the same size by the mounting plates 5.2 at equal intervals, and the feed openings are consistent in size and ensure the mounting accuracy of a material sliding plate 5.3 and a sealing plate 5.4;
the dust shielding assembly comprises a dust shielding unit arranged in each feed opening, the dust shielding unit comprises a plurality of alternately arranged material sliding pieces (namely material sliding plates 5.3) and sealing pieces (namely sealing plates 5.4), the material sliding plates 5.3 are obliquely arranged, the upper parts of the sealing plates 5.4 are hinged on one material sliding plate 5.3 adjacent to the sealing plate, and the lower parts of the sealing plates are overlapped on the other material sliding plate 5.3 adjacent to the sealing plate;
each sealing plate 5.4 has a first state, a second state and a third state, and in the first state, the lower part of each sealing plate 5.4 is placed on the material sliding part; in the second state, the sealing element is opened under the impact of the bulk material, so that the bulk material falls into the discharge hopper 2; in the third state, the sealing plate 5.4 vibrates in a reciprocating manner in a small amplitude to slide the bulk materials into the discharge hopper 2, so as to avoid material clamping. The invention not only realizes automatic material sliding, but also can prevent the sealing performance from being influenced by material clamping.
When unloading, the sealing plate 5.4 of the dust shielding structure is closed when not impacted by materials, only the sealing plate 5.4 impacted by the materials is in the second state, so that dust entering the inner cavity of the material receiving part can be effectively prevented from escaping from the dust shielding structure, the integral sealing performance of the discharge hopper 2 can be ensured, the energy consumption and the requirements on the fan and the dust remover 1.1 are reduced, and the enterprise transformation or investment cost is reduced; the dust in the discharge hopper 2 can be taken out by the micro-negative pressure provided by the air draft assembly, the dust in the discharge hopper 2 can be prevented from escaping upwards, and the dust removal rate is improved.
As shown in fig. 2-6, the front end and the rear end of the top of the material sliding plate 5.3 are respectively welded on the corresponding mounting plate 5.2; the inclination angle alpha of the material sliding plate 5.3 is 30-60 degrees, so that bulk materials freely slide down along the inclined surface of the material sliding plate 5.3 and a sealing plate 5.4 is flushed away, and normal blanking is guaranteed; every swift current flitch 5.3 all has a guard plate 5.5 from its top slope downwardly extending, guard plate 5.5 encloses into the protecting bath with swift current flitch 5.3, the rotation piece on 5.4 upper portions of closing plate rotates and sets up on the installation axle 5.6 in the protecting bath, guard plate 5.5 has the effect of blockking, can protect to rotate the piece and install the influence that axle 5.6 avoided the bulk cargo, prevent that the bulk cargo card from rotating in the clearance of piece and installation axle 5.6, guarantee closing plate 5.4's normal work.
As shown in fig. 5, the rotating member is a sleeve 5.7 sleeved on the mounting shaft 5.6, and the sleeve 5.7 is in clearance fit with the mounting shaft 5.6, so that the normal opening and closing of the sealing plate 5.4 are effectively ensured. The protection inslot pastes and is equipped with protection pad 5.8, and a tip that protection pad 5.8 links firmly on protection plate 5.5 through clamp plate and bolt, can reduce the rigid friction between sleeve 5.7 and swift current flitch 5.3, has prolonged the life who rotates the piece, has reduced the fault rate.
As shown in fig. 4, the lower part of the material sliding plate 5.3 extends vertically downwards to form a vertical extension section, so that the lower part of the material sliding plate 5.3 is provided with a supporting corner for supporting the sealing plate 5.4, and the sealing plate 5.4 is supported by the supporting corner, thereby improving the structural stability; the vertical extension section at the lower part of the material sliding plate 5.3 ensures that the bulk materials slide into the discharging hopper 2 along the inclined plane of the material sliding plate 5.3.
In the unloading process, the sealing plate 5.4 is flushed away by the acceleration of the bulk cargo and then smoothly enters the unloading hopper 2, and dust in the material enters the unloading hopper 2 along with the material under the negative pressure action of the fan, so that the dedusting effect is good, the unloading operation environment is ensured, the dust amount in the unloading operation field is reduced, and the energy conservation and the environmental protection are realized; when unloading, the air draft can be adjusted, and automatic material sliding without material clamping is realized.
Third embodiment
The difference between the dust suppression method for bulk material unloading in the embodiment and the first embodiment is that: the dust containment structure of this embodiment is different from the first embodiment.
As shown in fig. 7-8, the dust containment structure comprises a first containment unit and a second containment unit, wherein the first containment unit comprises a pair of flexible retaining walls 4, and the second containment unit comprises a pair of air curtains 6; the flexible retaining walls 4 are installed on one pair of sides corresponding to the discharge opening of the carrier, and the air curtain machine 6 is installed on the other pair of sides of the discharge hopper 2 in the same direction as the carrier. During discharging, the air blown out by the two air curtain machines 6 is combined above the discharging hopper 2, and the air curtain blown out by the air curtain machines 6 and the flexible retaining wall 4 enclose an anti-escape space. Because the anti-escape space has certain height for dust in the anti-escape space gets into discharge hopper 2 under the effect of little negative pressure, has improved the dust removal rate.
Of course, during actual installation, the second blocking unit may be three air curtains 6, the first blocking unit is a flexible retaining wall 4, the air curtains 6 are installed on three sides of the discharge hopper 2, and the flexible retaining wall 4 is installed at a position corresponding to the tail of the transport vehicle; a flexible retaining wall 4 can be arranged on three sides (including the side corresponding to the tail part of the transport vehicle) of the discharge hopper 2, and an air curtain machine 6 is arranged on the other side; for non-transport vehicle discharging, air curtain machines 6 can be arranged on four sides of the discharging hopper 2.
The above embodiments are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
It is noted that, in the description of the invention, relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" when they are used are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, or may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art from specific situations.
In the description of the present invention, "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", and "rear", etc. are used only to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of a described object is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.
Finally, it should be emphasized that the above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not limitative of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments described in the foregoing without inventive faculty, or that equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof. Therefore, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A dust suppression method for bulk material unloading is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a dust remover and a fan are installed, the dust remover and the fan are connected together through a ventilation pipeline, and at least one air inlet of the ventilation pipeline is fixedly installed at an air exhaust port of a discharge hopper or a discharge pit;
secondly, installing a dust enclosing structure on the upper opening edge of the discharge hopper or the discharge pit, wherein the dust enclosing structure comprises retaining walls and/or air curtain machines which are arranged along the circumferential direction of the discharge hopper or the discharge pit, and the retaining walls and/or the air curtain machines enclose a dust escape-proof space with the height of 0.5-3.0 m;
and thirdly, starting a fan, enabling the dust escape-proof space to be in a negative pressure state, sucking dust in the material into a discharge hopper or a discharge pit through the dust escape-proof space under the action of the negative pressure, then enabling the dust to enter a dust remover through a ventilation pipeline, and discharging the dust-removed air into the atmosphere under the action of the fan.
2. A dust suppressing method for bulk unloading according to claim 1, characterized in that: before the dust enclosing and blocking structure is installed, a dust shielding structure is horizontally installed in the discharge hopper or the discharge pit, the dust shielding structure is any one of a steel grating, a grate, a shielding curtain and a dust shielding assembly, a material cavity is enclosed by the dust shielding structure and the discharge hopper or the discharge pit, and the fan is started to enable the material cavity to be in a micro-negative pressure state.
3. A dust suppressing method for bulk unloading according to claim 2, characterized in that: the dust shielding structure is a dust shielding assembly, and the dust shielding assembly comprises a mounting structure and a plurality of dust shielding units with the same structure; wherein:
the mounting structure comprises a mounting frame and a plurality of mounting pieces arranged in the mounting frame at intervals, the mounting frame is divided into a plurality of feed openings by the mounting pieces, and each feed opening is internally provided with one dust shielding unit;
the dust shielding unit comprises a plurality of material sliding parts and sealing parts which are alternately arranged along the length direction of the feed opening, each material sliding part is obliquely arranged, the upper part of each sealing part is hinged to the upper part of one material sliding part adjacent to the sealing part, and the lower part of each sealing part is overlapped on the lower part of the other material sliding part adjacent to the sealing part;
each sealing element has a first state, a second state and a third state, and the lower part of each sealing element is placed on the material sliding element in the first state; in the second state, the sealing element is opened under the impact of the bulk material, so that the material falls into the receiving element; and in the third state, the sealing element vibrates in a reciprocating manner to enable the material to slide into the receiving element.
4. A dust suppressing method for bulk discharging according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: before the dust shielding structure is installed, ventilation blocking units are installed in the discharging hopper or the discharging pit along the circumferential direction of the discharging hopper or the discharging pit, or ventilation blocking units are installed at the air exhaust openings and used for blocking materials from entering the air exhaust pipeline.
5. A dust suppression method for bulk unloading according to claim 4, wherein the ventilation containment unit is a louver structure or a ventilation anti-blocking net arranged in the unloading hopper or the unloading pit.
6. A dust suppressing method for bulk cargo unloading according to claim 1, wherein the dust enclosing structure in the second step is a vertically arranged retaining wall, the bottom of the retaining wall is fixed on the upper opening edge of the discharge hopper or the discharge pit during installation, and the retaining wall is arranged along the circumferential direction of the discharge hopper or the discharge pit.
7. A dust suppression method for bulk unloading according to claim 6, characterized in that: the retaining wall is a flexible retaining wall or a rigid retaining wall, and the flexible retaining wall is a retaining wall or a rubber retaining wall.
8. A dust suppressing method for bulk unloading according to claim 1, characterized in that: the dust enclosing structure in the second step comprises at least one retaining wall and at least one air curtain machine, wherein the at least one retaining wall and the air curtain machine are arranged along the circumferential direction of the discharge hopper or the discharge pit and enclose the dust anti-escape space.
9. A dust suppressing method for bulk unloading according to claim 1, characterized in that: the dust encloses stifled structure in the second step includes a plurality of edges discharge hopper or dump pit circumference set up barricade, barricade are flexible barricade or rigid barricade.
10. A dust suppressing method for bulk unloading according to claim 9, characterized in that: the flexible retaining wall is an air bag retaining wall or a rubber retaining wall.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110607764.7A CN113135447A (en) | 2021-06-01 | 2021-06-01 | Dust suppression method for bulk material unloading |
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| CN202110607764.7A CN113135447A (en) | 2021-06-01 | 2021-06-01 | Dust suppression method for bulk material unloading |
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| CN113135447A true CN113135447A (en) | 2021-07-20 |
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| CN (1) | CN113135447A (en) |
Cited By (1)
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| CN113860012A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2021-12-31 | 武汉理工大学 | Impeller type passive dust suppression funnel |
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