CN113133754A - Non-contact magnetic induction electrical impedance scanning imaging device and imaging method - Google Patents
Non-contact magnetic induction electrical impedance scanning imaging device and imaging method Download PDFInfo
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- A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves
- A61B5/053—Measuring electrical impedance or conductance of a portion of the body
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a non-contact magnetic induction electrical impedance scanning imaging device and an imaging method, and relates to the field of biomedical imaging. The device mainly comprises a signal excitation module, a signal processing system, a control system and a display module. The invention has the main working process and effect that sine alternating excitation current is applied to the excitation coil at one side of the tested tissue, so that an alternating magnetic field is generated around the tested tissue, and the tested tissue generates alternating eddy current due to electromagnetic induction. The coil array on the other side of the tested tissue is covered for detection, so that the information in each section of the tested tissue is obtained, and then all the detection information is transmitted into the control unit, so that the three-dimensional detection of the tested tissue is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of biomedical imaging, in particular to a non-contact magnetic induction electrical impedance imaging scanning device.
Background
Magnetic Induction Electrical Impedance Tomography (MIT) is a new Electrical Impedance imaging technology, and is an important branch of Electrical Impedance imaging (EIT) technology. Compared with the traditional electrical impedance technology, the method has the advantages of non-contact, convenience in operation, high center sensitivity and the like. The magnetic induction electrical impedance imaging obtains the imaging of the tissue resistivity (conductivity) distribution according to the eddy current detection principle, and the main principle is as follows: and introducing alternating current into the exciting coil, generating an alternating magnetic field by the alternating current, inducing eddy current in the measured biological tissue by the alternating magnetic field, generating an extremely weak secondary magnetic field around the measured object by the eddy current electric field, and calculating the distribution condition of the conductivity in the biological tissue according to the electromagnetic relation between the eddy current density and the conductivity.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a non-contact magnetic induction electrical impedance imaging scanning device which is suitable for being applied to a human body, is friendly to patients and can be applied to detection of human brain diseases.
The electrical impedance imaging scanning device comprises: the system comprises a coil sensor array and a signal processing and control system.
A non-contact magnetic induction electrical impedance imaging method adopts multi-channel detection, and comprises the following specific steps:
(1) the patient lies down, and then the scanning device is placed right above the brain tissue of the patient;
(2) the method comprises the following steps of (1) enabling an excitation coil arranged below brain tissue of a patient to be introduced with sine alternating current, and enabling a detection coil array above the brain tissue of the patient to acquire information;
(3) and transmitting the information acquired by the detection coil array into a computer for image reconstruction.
In the step (1), an exciting coil which is introduced with sine alternating current is adopted to generate an exciting magnetic field, and the coil is a disc-shaped spiral coaxial multi-turn coil. And (3) the induction voltage or phase information acquired by the detection coil is mainly utilized to realize image reconstruction.
Alternatively, the excitation source in the present invention may be a multi-frequency excitation source.
The step (2) of collecting data specifically comprises the following steps:
(I) in the case of an empty field, a set of Data is acquired (Data 0);
(II) acquiring Data (Data1) after the patient lies in the gantry;
(III) Data1-Data0 is obtained through Data reprocessing;
and (IIII) filtering and reconstructing the data.
The invention has the technical effects that: the system has the advantages of no radiation, strong portability, high center sensitivity, non-contact, multi-parameter, capability of reflecting human body metabolic information, convenience for early diagnosis of certain diseases and the like. The device can realize the scanning imaging of any tested tissue of the human body, and when the brain tissue of the human body is taken as a main target of detection, the size of the array (track) of the device is close to that of the head of the human body, so that the device has strong portability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of magnetic induction electrical impedance imaging.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a magnetic induction electrical impedance imaging detection system.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a coil array scanning mode.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a single coil track array scanning mode.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a detection coil disposed in a single coil track mode.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a plurality of detection coils arranged in a single coil track fashion.
In the figure: 1. a display module; 2. a signal processing system; 3. a control system; 4. an excitation module; 5. an excitation coil; 6. a detection coil; 7. a framework; 8. detecting a coil slide rail; 9. skeleton slide rail.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the following takes brain tissue as an example and combines the drawings to further describe the embodiments of the present invention in detail.
The invention is based on the principle of magnetic induction electrical impedance imaging, of which figure 1 shows a schematic representation, which has been explained in the background. Fig. 2 shows a diagram of an MIT detection system, which mainly includes a display module 1, a signal processing system 2, a control system 3, an excitation module 4, and a coil device, where the coil includes an excitation coil and a detection coil, and the system provides an excitation signal to the excitation coil through the excitation module 4 to generate an excitation magnetic field, connects the signal processing system 2 through the detection coil to process the detected signal, and further displays the signal (image) processed according to a certain algorithm through the computer display module 1. The control system 3 controls different scanning systems according to a preset mode so as to realize data acquisition in different position directions. Based on the principle, the invention provides the non-contact magnetic induction electrical impedance imaging device which can conveniently scan brain tissues and realize image reconstruction. The main working process is that a sine alternating excitation current is applied to an excitation coil at the bottom of the brain tissue, so that an alternating magnetic field is generated around the brain tissue, and the brain tissue generates an alternating eddy current due to electromagnetic induction. The detection coil is covered above the brain tissue for detection in two ways, so that the physiological information of the brain tissue is obtained, and then the detection information is transmitted into the signal processing system 2, so that the three-dimensional detection of the brain tissue is realized.
The device mainly realizes the mode: as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the device comprises an excitation coil and a detection coil which are respectively arranged right below and above the brain tissue of a patient, and a sine excitation module which is connected with the excitation coil and is used for introducing alternating current into the excitation coil is arranged. The device comprises an induction signal detection module, which is connected with a detection coil and receives an induction signal received by the detection coil. The device comprises an AD conversion module, wherein the AD conversion module is connected with the sensing signal detection module and is used for converting the sensing signal of the sensing signal detection module into a digital signal. The control unit is connected with the AD conversion module and the sine excitation module, receives the digital signal of the AD conversion module and controls the sine excitation module. Comprises a display module which is connected with the control unit and is used for displaying the reconstructed image. The reconstructed image is based on the amplitude of the magnetic field induced by the brain tissue in the high-frequency magnetic field to detect pathological information and on the phase difference information of the brain tissue detection signal relative to the excitation signal to reconstruct the image. The display module can use the phase as the detection target parameter, and can use the amplitude as the detection target parameter. The phase measurement method is based on a vector triangle, detects pathological information by detecting the offset angle of an induction magnetic field relative to a primary magnetic field, and expresses the information of the imaginary part of the magnetic field, namely Im (delta B/B) and reflects the information of the conductivity of a target tissue (conductor); the amplitude measurement method is based on vector triangles and detects target tissues (conductors) by directly detecting the magnitude of a secondary magnetic field. Compared with the phase, the magnitude of the secondary magnetic field is much smaller than that of the primary magnetic field, so that the detection of the amplitude usually has higher requirements on parameters such as sensitivity and noise resistance of the system.
The invention realizes the integral control of the imaging device through the control unit, and realizes the image reconstruction by receiving the information collected by the detection coil and utilizing the amplitude and phase information collected by the detection coil. The invention adopts an exciting coil which is introduced with sine alternating current to generate an exciting magnetic field, and the exciting coil adopts a spiral coaxial multi-turn coil. The excitation source in the present invention may be a voltage source or a current source. Further, a single frequency or multiple frequency voltage source, or a single frequency or multiple frequency current source may be used. The exciting coil can be any exciting form, and the composite coil, the double-exciting and the external magnetic field amplifying device can be used. In order to realize the multi-parameter information acquisition of brain tissues, the invention is provided with a plurality of detection coils to form a detection coil array or a single coil track, wherein the coil array is m × n, the coil track is m × 1, m and n are natural numbers, m is more than or equal to 1, and n is more than or equal to 2. It can be arranged along any contour along different directions of the tested tissue. Correspondingly, the detection coil array and the induction signal detection module are controlled by a multi-way switch or a motion control device, so that multi-way signal acquisition of the detection coil array is realized. The detection coil array can be detected in sequence by adopting a multi-way switch circuit, and can be in a serial structure or a parallel structure which can be detected by a plurality of detection channels simultaneously. The detection coil array is fixed on the inner side of a curved surface or fixed through a rail similar to a rail, and the framework is made of organic glass or resin materials which are high in hardness, harmless to a human body and durable. The number of the detection coils and the parameters of the coils (the wire diameter, the winding radius, the material and the like of the coils) can be designed through electromagnetism and sensor simulation, on one hand, the sensitivity and the phase sensitivity of the induction voltage of the detection coils and the resonance frequency of the excitation coils are considered, and on the other hand, whether the data volume acquired by the coils can meet the reconstruction requirement of the image or not is considered.
It should be further noted that the detection coils 6 in the single coil track of the present invention are arranged in two ways, wherein one way is to arrange a plurality of detection coils in a certain interval two-dimensionally distributed on the inner ring surface of the framework 7, and all the detection coils 6 receive the signals of the excitation coil 5 at the same time to obtain the scanning information of the two-dimensional planes where all the detection coils 6 are located. When the framework 7 moves on the framework slide rail 9, three-dimensional scanning of the moving area can be realized. See in particular fig. 5. In the scanning mode, in a certain section, a detection coil 6 embedded in a track moves along the track of a detection coil slide rail 8 under the action of a motion control device, so that information of different detection points in the certain section is obtained.
As a further improvement, referring to fig. 6, only one detection coil 6 is disposed on the inner annular surface of the skeleton 7, and a detection coil slide rail 8 disposed along the annular surface of the skeleton 7 is disposed on the inner annular surface of the skeleton 7, and the detection coil 6 is disposed in the detection coil slide rail 8 and can slide in the detection coil slide rail 8 by being driven. When the detected tissue is detected, the detection coil 6 is driven to move in the detection coil slide rail 8 to realize the scanning of a two-dimensional plane, and meanwhile, when the framework 7 moves on the framework slide rail 9, the three-dimensional scanning of a moving area can be realized. The scanning mode and the coil array mode realize the control of the detection point access through a switching circuit such as a relay, and the control can conduct the series structure of the detection points along the scanning track and can conduct the parallel structure of all the detection points simultaneously for scanning.
Since the scanning device itself can affect the measurement of the measured electromagnetic field, the electromagnetic shielding is mainly performed in the form of a metal shielding box in the part. The device mainly operates as follows: firstly, an excitation source is introduced, and empty field information is collected; the human brain tissue is then placed into the scanning system. Then the detection coil scans to obtain phase or amplitude information. And performing image reconstruction by performing difference on the two groups of data through an upper computer. Specifically, the data acquisition step comprises: (I) in the case of an empty field, a set of Data is acquired (Data 0); (II) acquiring Data (Data1) after the patient lies in the gantry; (III) Data1-Data0 is obtained through Data reprocessing; and (IIII) filtering and reconstructing the data. When the imaging body is reconstructed, the coil array scanning mode can be used for three-dimensionally detecting the required data volume only by controlling the acquired data through the switch circuit, and the single-coil track scanning mode needs the single-coil track to move along the normal vector direction of the plane where the single-coil track is located, so that the required data volume for three-dimensional detection is met. The whole scanning and collecting process can be serial scanning (the data collected by the detection coil are sequentially transmitted into the computer according to a certain sequence) or parallel scanning (the data collected by the detection coil are transmitted into the computer once). The invention is provided with a motion control device for controlling the exciting coil to move along any specific track so as to increase the data volume obtained by the detecting coil, and the motion control device can be: under the control of a motion control card (singlechip), the computer controls a stepping motor or other mechanical structures to the single coil track, mainly controls the moving speed and the moving direction of the single coil track, so that different requirements of three-dimensional reconstruction of different tissues (conductors) on data acquisition quantity are realized.
As different implementation modes of the invention, the control structure of the coil array scanning mode is simple, the control structure can be realized only by programming of a switch circuit and computer software, the scanning time is far superior to that of a single coil track, and the coil array scanning mode is not provided with any motion control device and is portable. However, the coil-coil interaction and the limitation of the number of detection points in the coil array scanning system have an influence on the detection. Compared with a coil array, the single-coil track scanning mode has the advantages that the number of detection points can be controlled through the motion module, and then the ill-conditioned problem caused by image reconstruction is improved to a certain extent through the increase of the detection points; in addition, due to the reduction of the number of the coils, the electromagnetic interference generated between the coils can be obviously reduced. However, in practical application, the three-dimensional motion control device is heavy, so that the portability of the device is affected; on the other hand, in the electromagnetic field detection, the accuracy of the obtained detection data is different along with the difference of time, and the scanning mode can not realize the synchronous detection of the detection channels through the improvement of a subsequent control circuit.
Claims (10)
1. A non-contact magnetic induction electrical impedance scanning imaging device, comprising: exciting the coil to generate an alternating magnetic field, wherein the alternating magnetic field generates an induced eddy current in the tested biological tissue, and the eddy current field generates a very weak secondary magnetic field around the tested object; the device comprises a detection coil array formed by a plurality of detection coils and used for receiving induction signals of an excitation coil; the coil is in an array scanning mode of m x n, wherein m and n are natural numbers, m is more than or equal to 2, n is more than or equal to 2, or m x 1, m is a natural number, and m is more than or equal to 1.
2. The non-contact magnetic-induction electrical impedance scanning imaging device according to claim 1, wherein the excitation source of the excitation coil is a voltage source or a current source.
3. The non-contact magnetic-induction electrical impedance scanning imaging device according to claim 2, wherein the excitation source is a single-frequency or multi-frequency current source; or a voltage source of a single frequency or multiple frequencies.
4. The non-contact magnetic-induction electrical impedance scanning imaging device according to claim 1, wherein the excitation coil and the detection coil array are placed in relative positions, and the detection coil array is arranged in a curved surface above the measured tissue in an array scanning mode; the single coil track scanning mode comprises one or more detection coils, when the detection coils are multiple, the detection coils are distributed along the annular plane of the framework, and when the detection coils are one, the detection coils are arranged in a detection coil sliding rail arranged along the annular surface of the framework and can slide in the detection coil sliding rail.
5. The non-contact magnetic-induction electrical impedance scanning imaging device according to claim 1, wherein the excitation coil comprises but is not limited to a compound coil, a dual excitation, external magnetic field amplifying device.
6. The non-contact magnetic-induction electrical impedance scanning imaging device according to claim 4, wherein in the single-coil rail scanning mode, the framework slide rail moves through the motion control device along a normal vector direction of a plane where the rail is located, so that the detection data volume is increased to realize three-dimensional detection.
7. The non-contact magnetic-induction electrical impedance scanning imaging device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device adopts a serial structure in which a switching circuit detects the detection coil array or the track sequentially, or a parallel structure in which the detection is performed simultaneously through a plurality of detection channels.
8. An imaging method of the non-contact magnetic induction electrical impedance scanning imaging device of any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) the patient lies down, and then the scanning device is placed right above the tested tissue of the patient;
(2) leading an exciting coil arranged below the measured tissue of the patient to be introduced with sine alternating current, and acquiring information by a detection coil array above the measured tissue of the patient;
(3) transmitting the information acquired by the detection coil array into a computer for image reconstruction;
wherein, the step of collecting information in step (2) includes:
(I) in the case of an empty field, a set of Data is acquired (Data 0);
(II) acquiring Data (Data1) after the patient lies in the gantry;
(III) Data1-Data0 is obtained through Data reprocessing;
(IIII) filtering and reconstructing the data;
and (4) realizing image reconstruction by using the phase or amplitude acquired by the detection coil in the step (3).
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein a display module is provided for displaying static image information or dynamic physiological information of the tested tissue, and the display module takes the electrical conductivity as a target parameter or the electrical impedance as a target parameter.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein in reconstructing the imaging volume, the scanning data obtained by the orbit performs two-dimensional reconstruction on the measured tissue, and the scanning data obtained by the orbit moving along the normal vector direction of the plane performs three-dimensional reconstruction on the measured tissue.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN116269302A (en) * | 2023-05-22 | 2023-06-23 | 杭州永川科技有限公司 | Magnetic induction tomography method, magnetic induction tomography device, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN116327162A (en) * | 2023-05-11 | 2023-06-27 | 赛福凯尔(绍兴)医疗科技有限公司 | Three-dimensional imaging method, system, device, computer equipment and storage medium |
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