CN113126550A - Reconfigurable sensor access system and method - Google Patents
Reconfigurable sensor access system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113126550A CN113126550A CN202110462345.9A CN202110462345A CN113126550A CN 113126550 A CN113126550 A CN 113126550A CN 202110462345 A CN202110462345 A CN 202110462345A CN 113126550 A CN113126550 A CN 113126550A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
- G05B19/0423—Input/output
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M1/00—Analogue/digital conversion; Digital/analogue conversion
- H03M1/004—Reconfigurable analogue/digital or digital/analogue converters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/20—Pc systems
- G05B2219/24—Pc safety
- G05B2219/24215—Scada supervisory control and data acquisition
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of sensor communication, in particular to a reconfigurable sensor access system and a reconfigurable sensor access method. In the application of the internet of things, the sensor transmits data to the acquisition terminal, the types of data interfaces of the acquisition terminal are also various, and the data transmission needs the data interfaces of the acquisition terminal and the sensor to be communicated, so that the communication equipment is numerous and complicated, the use and the arrangement are not convenient enough, meanwhile, the equipment development period is long, and the cost is high. According to the reconfigurable sensor access system and method, the problem that various sensors need to be matched with the type data interface one by one is solved, data acquisition is carried out through the sensor module, the sensor interface circuit module acquires data, the corresponding bus data are transmitted to the data processing module through the bus conversion circuit module and processed into a standard data format, and therefore the beneficial effects that one terminal can be flexibly accessed to various types of sensors, and the data acquired by the sensors are processed into the standard format data are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of sensor communication, in particular to a reconfigurable sensor access system and a reconfigurable sensor access method.
Background
The internet of things connects different objects, people and the like together by utilizing various communication technologies to form person-to-object and object-to-object connection, and various connections form an internet of things network with all things interconnected, so that city construction and economic development are promoted.
With the application of the internet of things, real-time data becomes richer and more important when large-scale sensors are put into use. The state data under different application scenes can be acquired in real time through various sensors; the real-time state information is collected and acquired, so that people can know and master the real-time running states of various working devices, and the method plays an important role in equipment maintenance, personnel and equipment monitoring, emergency plans, intelligent decision making and the like. Therefore, how to ensure the data transmission with the sensor as the node is successfully performed becomes one of the important points of people's attention and research and development.
However, the types of sensors are also very diverse, corresponding to the type of data to be collected. The sensor transmits data to the acquisition terminal, the data interface type of the acquisition terminal is also various, and the data transmission needs the data interface of the acquisition terminal and the sensor to be communicated. Therefore, the equipment is numerous and complicated, and is not convenient to use and arrange, and meanwhile, the equipment is single in application, long in development period and high in investment cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a reconfigurable sensor access system and a reconfigurable sensor access method, which are used for solving the problems of poor access applicability, large complexity, disorder and not simple enough of the current sensor.
The technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows:
in a first aspect of the present application, a reconfigurable sensor access system is provided, which includes a sensor module, a sensor interface circuit module, a bus conversion circuit module, and a data processing module;
the sensor module is used for uniformly converting data acquired by various sensors of different types into digital or analog signals;
the sensor interface circuit module is used for acquiring the digital or analog signal and uploading the digital or analog signal to the bus conversion circuit module;
the bus conversion circuit module is used for uploading the digital or analog signals to the data processing module;
and the data processing module is used for processing the data uploaded by the bus conversion circuit into data in a standard format.
Optionally, the communication interface of the sensor module adopts RS485 or RS232 or 4-20mA standard.
Optionally, the RS485 standard is data transmission using a twisted pair, the RS232 standard is data transmission using an asynchronous three-wire system, and the 4-20mA standard is data transmission using a two-wire system or a three-wire system.
Optionally, the bus conversion circuit module includes a programmable logic chip, a clock chip and a power supply;
the clock chip is used for providing time parameter data for the programmable logic chip, the power supply is used for supplying power for the programmable logic chip and the clock chip, and the bus conversion circuit module is automatically adjusted to be in an adaptive bus type according to the bus type of the sensor interface circuit module and is connected with the bus conversion circuit module.
Optionally, the data processing module includes an internal memory, an internal SRAM, an external clock chip, an external watchdog, and a power supply;
the external clock chip provides a clock necessary for the operation of the data processing module;
the internal memory is used for storing static data and programs;
the internal SRAM is used for caching data when the data processing module operates;
the external watchdog is used for monitoring whether the data processing module operates normally or not, and resetting the data processing module when the data processing module operates abnormally;
the power supply provides voltage and current required by the data processing module to operate;
the data processing module is connected with the bus conversion circuit module through an internal bus.
Optionally, an interface bus between the sensor interface circuit module and the bus conversion circuit module includes a universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter or a high-speed full-duplex synchronous serial peripheral interface.
Optionally, the bus conversion circuit module includes a complex programmable logic device, and the complex programmable logic device is an erasable programmable logic device or a field programmable gate array.
Optionally, the data interface between the data processing module and the bus conversion circuit module is SPI or UART.
In another aspect of the present application, a reconfigurable sensor access method is provided, where the reconfigurable sensor access system based on any of the foregoing methods includes the following steps:
uniformly converting data acquired by various sensors into digital or analog signals;
then the digital or analog signal is accessed to a sensor interface circuit module;
the sensor interface circuit module uploads the digital or analog signal to a bus conversion circuit module;
the bus conversion circuit module uploads the digital or analog signal to a data processing module;
and the data processing module processes the data transmitted by the bus conversion circuit into data in a standard format.
Optionally, the bus conversion circuit module automatically adjusts to an adaptive bus type according to the bus type of the sensor interface circuit module and connects the bus conversion circuit module with the adaptive bus type.
The technical scheme of the application has the following beneficial effects:
according to the reconfigurable sensor access system and method, the problem that various sensors need to be matched with the type data interface one by one is solved, data acquisition is carried out through the sensor module, the sensor interface circuit module acquires data, the corresponding bus data are transmitted to the data processing module through the bus conversion circuit module and processed into a standard data format, and therefore the beneficial effects that one terminal can be flexibly accessed to various types of sensors, and the data acquired by the sensors are processed into the standard format data are achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly explain the technical solution of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a reconfigurable sensor access system according to a first aspect of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a reconfigurable sensor access system according to the present application;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a reconfigurable sensor access method according to another aspect of the present application;
illustration of the drawings:
the system comprises a 1-sensor module, a 2-sensor interface circuit module, a 3-bus conversion circuit module and a 4-data processing module.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following examples do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. But merely as exemplifications of systems and methods consistent with certain aspects of the application, as recited in the claims.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a reconfigurable sensor access system provided in the first aspect of the present application is shown.
In a first aspect of the present application, a reconfigurable sensor access system is provided, which includes a sensor module 1, a sensor interface circuit module 2, a bus conversion circuit module 3, and a data processing module 4;
the sensor module 1 is used for uniformly converting data acquired by various sensors into digital or analog signals;
the sensor interface circuit module 2 is configured to acquire the digital or analog signal and upload the digital or analog signal to the bus conversion circuit module 3;
the bus conversion circuit module 3 is used for uploading the digital or analog signal to the data processing module 4;
the data processing module 4 is configured to process the data uploaded by the bus conversion circuit into data in a standard format.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in some embodiments, the sensor module 1 may include an analog to digital circuit. The analog-to-digital circuit may convert the analog data signal collected by the sensor into a data interface signal, for example, convert the analog signal into an RS485 digital interface signal, RS485 being a standard that includes the electrical characteristics of the driver and receiver, the standard being defined by the telecommunications industry association and the electronics industry association. The digital communication network using the standard can effectively transmit signals under long-distance conditions and in environments with large electronic noise. In some embodiments, analog signals may be converted to RS232 digital interface signals, and the RS-232 standard interface is one of the commonly used serial communication interface standards, which are all known as the "serial binary data exchange interface technology standard between Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) and Data Communication Equipment (DCE).
In some embodiments, the sensor module 1 may directly output an analog signal. The analog signal can be a current signal of 4-20mA converted from a raw analog signal collected by the sensor.
The bus conversion circuit may be a Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD), specifically an Erasable Programmable Logic Device (EPLD) or a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA).
The sensor interface circuit module 2 is connected with the bus conversion circuit module 3 through a bus, wherein the bus can be a low-speed serial bus or a parallel bus.
The bus conversion circuit module 3 connects the converted interface to the data processing module 4, and the data processing module 4 may be a data processing MCU (micro controller Unit), also called a Single Chip Microcomputer (Single Chip Microcomputer) or a Single Chip Microcomputer, which appropriately reduces the frequency and specification of a Central Processing Unit (CPU), and integrates peripheral interfaces such as a memory (memory), a counter (Timer), a USB, a/D conversion, a UART, PLC, DMA, etc. on a Single Chip, so as to perform different combination functions for different application occasions.
The working principle of the reconfigurable sensor access system of the present application is detailed below: firstly, the sensor module 1 is connected with the sensor interface circuit module 2 through an RS485 interface, an RS232 interface of the sensor module 1 or a 14-20mA interface of the sensor module, and data of the sensor module 1 is converted into a digital signal. The bus conversion circuit module 3 adjusts the bus according to the bus type of the digital signal of the sensor interface circuit module 2, reads and converts the data of the sensor interface circuit module 2 into data which can be recognized by the data processing module 4, the data processing module 4 processes the data received from the bus conversion circuit module 3, and the processed data is data in a standard format. In some embodiments, the data processing module 4 transmits the processed data in the standard format to a remote server and stores the data.
Optionally, the communication interface of the sensor module 1 adopts RS485 or RS232 or 4-20mA standard.
Optionally, the RS485 standard is data transmission using a twisted pair, the RS232 standard is data transmission using an asynchronous three-wire system, and the 4-20mA standard is data transmission using a two-wire system or a three-wire system.
Optionally, the bus conversion circuit module 3 includes a programmable logic chip, a clock chip and a power supply;
the clock chip is used for providing time parameter data for the programmable logic chip, the power supply is used for supplying power for the programmable logic chip and the clock chip, and the bus conversion circuit module 3 is automatically adjusted to be in an adaptive bus type according to the bus type of the sensor interface circuit module 2 and is connected with the bus type.
Optionally, the data processing module 4 includes an internal memory, an internal SRAM, an external clock chip, an external watchdog, and a power supply;
the data processing module 4 is connected with the bus conversion circuit module 3 through an internal bus.
In this embodiment, the external clock chip is referred to as a crystal oscillator and functions to provide a clock necessary for the operation of the data processing module 4. The internal memory is used for storing static data and programs, and the internal SRAM is used for caching data when the data processing module 4 operates. The external watchdog is used for monitoring whether the data processing module 4 normally operates or not, and resetting the data processing module 4 when the data processing module is abnormal; the power supply supplies the voltage and current required for the operation of the data processing module 4.
Optionally, an interface bus between the sensor interface circuit module 2 and the bus conversion circuit module 3 includes a universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter or a high-speed full-duplex synchronous serial peripheral interface.
Optionally, the bus conversion circuit module 3 includes a complex programmable logic device, and the complex programmable logic device is an erasable programmable logic device or a field programmable gate array.
Optionally, the data interface between the data processing module 4 and the bus conversion circuit module 3 is SPI or UART.
In some embodiments, the sensor module 1 may be a single type of sensor, or may be a combination of multiple sensors, such as an air quality sensor combination, which may include a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and an air quality sensor, and in other embodiments, the sensor module 1 may be a weather monitoring sensor combination, which includes a wind sensor, a smoke sensor, a rain sensor, a temperature sensor, and a humidity sensor. SPI: the English is called SDH Physical Interface, which is SDH Physical Interface. The SPI is an interface between the device and the optical path, and mainly completes optical/electrical conversion, electrical/optical conversion, extraction of line timing, detection of corresponding alarms, and the like.
In another aspect of the present application, a reconfigurable sensor access method is provided, where the reconfigurable sensor access system based on any of the foregoing methods includes the following steps:
s101, uniformly converting data acquired by various sensors of different types into digital or analog signals;
s102, the digital or analog signal is accessed to the sensor interface circuit module 2;
s103, the sensor interface circuit module 2 uploads the digital or analog signal to the bus conversion circuit module 3;
s104, the bus conversion circuit module 3 uploads the digital or analog signal to the data processing module 4;
and S105, the data processing module 4 processes the data transmitted by the bus conversion circuit into data in a standard format.
Referring to fig. 3, in some embodiments, the sensor module 1 accesses the acquired sensor data to connect to the sensor interface circuit module 2 through data interfaces of types such as RS485, RS232, or 4-20mA, the sensor interface circuit module 2 matches the sensor data interface to access the sensor data to the inside of the terminal, the bus conversion circuit module 3 inside the terminal adjusts the corresponding bus type through the programmable logic device according to the bus data type of the sensor interface circuit module 2, converts the sensor data, connects to the data processing MCU through the internal bus, and transmits the data to the MCU for processing.
Optionally, the bus conversion circuit module 3 automatically adjusts to an adapted bus type according to the bus type of the sensor interface circuit module 2 and connects the bus type.
The technical scheme of the application has the following beneficial effects:
according to the reconfigurable sensor access system and method, the problem that various sensors need to be matched with the type data interface one by one is solved, data acquisition is carried out through the sensor module, the sensor interface circuit module acquires data, the corresponding bus data are transmitted to the data processing module through the bus conversion circuit module and processed into a standard data format, and therefore the beneficial effects that one terminal can be flexibly accessed to various types of sensors, and the data acquired by the sensors are processed into the standard format data are achieved.
The embodiments provided in the present application are only a few examples of the general concept of the present application, and do not limit the scope of the present application. Any other embodiments extended according to the scheme of the present application without inventive efforts will be within the scope of protection of the present application for a person skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A reconfigurable sensor access system is characterized by comprising a sensor module, a sensor interface circuit module, a bus conversion circuit module and a data processing module;
the sensor module is used for uniformly converting data acquired by various sensors of different types into digital or analog signals;
the sensor interface circuit module is used for acquiring the digital or analog signal and uploading the digital or analog signal to the bus conversion circuit module;
the bus conversion circuit module is used for uploading the digital or analog signals to the data processing module;
and the data processing module is used for processing the data uploaded by the bus conversion circuit into data in a standard format.
2. The reconfigurable sensor access system according to claim 1, wherein the communication interface of the sensor module adopts RS485 or RS232 or 4-20mA standard.
3. The reconfigurable sensor access system according to claim 2, wherein the RS485 standard is data transmission using twisted pair, the RS232 standard is data transmission using asynchronous three-wire system, and the 4-20mA standard is data transmission using two-wire system or three-wire system.
4. The reconfigurable sensor access system according to claim 1, wherein the bus conversion circuit module includes a programmable logic chip, a clock chip and a power supply;
the clock chip is used for providing time parameter data for the programmable logic chip, the power supply is used for supplying power for the programmable logic chip and the clock chip, and the bus conversion circuit module is automatically adjusted to be in an adaptive bus type according to the bus type of the sensor interface circuit module and is connected with the bus conversion circuit module.
5. The reconfigurable sensor access system according to claim 1, wherein the data processing module comprises an internal memory, an internal SRAM, an external clock chip, an external watchdog, and a power supply;
the external clock chip provides a clock necessary for the operation of the data processing module;
the internal memory is used for storing static data and programs;
the internal SRAM is used for caching data when the data processing module operates;
the external watchdog is used for monitoring whether the data processing module operates normally or not, and resetting the data processing module when the data processing module operates abnormally;
the power supply provides voltage and current required by the data processing module to operate;
the data processing module is connected with the bus conversion circuit module through an internal bus.
6. The reconfigurable sensor access system according to claim 1, wherein an interface bus between the sensor interface circuit block and the bus conversion circuit block includes a universal asynchronous receiver transmitter or a high-speed full-duplex synchronous serial peripheral interface.
7. The reconfigurable sensor access system according to claim 1, wherein the bus conversion circuit block includes a complex programmable logic device, the complex programmable logic device being an erasable programmable logic device or a field programmable gate array.
8. The reconfigurable sensor access system according to claim 1, wherein the data interface of the data processing module and the bus conversion circuit module is SPI or UART.
9. A reconfigurable sensor access method based on the reconfigurable sensor access system of any one of claims 1-8, characterized by comprising the following steps:
uniformly converting data acquired by various sensors into digital or analog signals;
then the digital or analog signal is accessed to a sensor interface circuit module;
the sensor interface circuit module uploads the digital or analog signal to a bus conversion circuit module;
the bus conversion circuit module uploads the digital or analog signal to a data processing module;
and the data processing module processes the data transmitted by the bus conversion circuit into data in a standard format.
10. The reconfigurable sensor access method according to claim 9, wherein the bus conversion circuit module is automatically adjusted to an adaptive bus type according to the bus type of the sensor interface circuit module and connected.
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