CN113126063A - Device for detecting full stokes vector of laser radar echo in real time - Google Patents
Device for detecting full stokes vector of laser radar echo in real time Download PDFInfo
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- CN113126063A CN113126063A CN202110428316.0A CN202110428316A CN113126063A CN 113126063 A CN113126063 A CN 113126063A CN 202110428316 A CN202110428316 A CN 202110428316A CN 113126063 A CN113126063 A CN 113126063A
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- polarization
- laser radar
- beam splitter
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
- G01S7/4816—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements of receivers alone
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/486—Receivers
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- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
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- Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for detecting a laser radar echo full stokes vector in real time, which is characterized in that a telescope receiving system, a polarization testing system and a photoelectric conversion system are sequentially arranged along the propagation direction of a laser radar echo beam. The invention discloses a device for detecting a laser radar echo full stokes vector in real time, which solves the problem that the light beam full stokes vector cannot be obtained in real time in the existing method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of laser radar atmosphere detection devices, and relates to a device for detecting laser radar echo full stokes vectors in real time.
Background
Polarization is another important characteristic after intensity, spectrum and phase of light, and in the process of interaction between light and a substance, the complex refractive index, surface distribution, physicochemical properties and the like of the surface of the substance all change the polarization state of the light beam, so that polarization gradually serves as information to analyze target properties. With the gradual deepening of polarization detection, the precision requirement on polarization data is higher and higher, and from initial qualitative measurement to current quantitative inversion, the higher the precision of polarization detection is, the more accurate the obtained target information is. Polarization can be further divided into plane polarized light (linearly polarized light), circularly polarized light, and elliptically polarized light.
The stokes vector is an effective and comprehensive method for describing the polarization state of light, and comprises four parameters, and the detection of the stokes vector is also concerned. The prior art cannot detect the full stokes vector when testing the stokes vector, and most of existing stokes polarization detection instruments adopt a wave plate rotating mode to obtain the polarization state of a light beam, the mode is suitable for measuring a constant or slowly-varying continuous light beam and is not suitable for polarization measurement of a transient or pulse light beam, and a depolarization ratio is defined as a ratio of a vertical component to a parallel component of a polarization laser radar echo signal and is a main means of the existing laser radar polarization detection.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device for detecting the full stokes vector of a laser radar echo in real time, which solves the problem that the full stokes vector of a light beam cannot be obtained in real time in the existing method.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the device for detecting the laser radar echo full stokes vector in real time comprises a telescope receiving system, a polarization testing system and a photoelectric conversion system which are sequentially arranged along the propagation direction of a laser radar echo beam.
The present invention is also characterized in that,
the telescope receiving system comprises a telescope, a converging mirror and a collimating lens which are sequentially arranged along the propagation direction of the laser radar echo beam, wherein the converging mirror is arranged at the position of a light outlet in the telescope and receives the laser radar echo beam signal of the telescope; the focus of the collimating lens corresponds to the focus of the converging mirror.
The polarization testing system comprises a polarization-maintaining beam splitter arranged along the transmission direction of a laser radar echo beam emitted by a collimating lens, the polarization-maintaining beam splitter divides the laser radar echo beam into transmission light and reflection light, a polarization beam splitter a is arranged along the transmission direction of the transmission light of the polarization-maintaining beam splitter, the polarization beam splitter divides the beam into two beams of linearly polarized light which are perpendicular to each other, photoelectric conversion systems are arranged along the directions of the two beams of linearly polarized light, a polarization-maintaining beam splitter a is arranged along the transmission direction of the reflection light of the polarization-maintaining beam splitter, the polarization beam splitter a divides a received light signal into the transmission light and the reflection light, wave plates, linear polarization plates and photoelectric conversion systems are sequentially arranged along the transmission direction of the transmission light of the polarization-maintaining beam splitter a, and the linear polarization plates a and the photoelectric conversion systems are sequentially arranged along the transmission.
The photoelectric conversion system comprises a photoelectric converter and a photoelectric converter a which are arranged in the direction of emitting two linearly polarized light beams by the polarization splitting prism, a photoelectric converter b arranged in the emergent light direction of the linear polaroid a, and a photoelectric converter c arranged in the emergent light direction of the linear polaroid.
The linear polarizer was a 0 ° linear polarizer and linear polarizer a was a 45 ° linear polarizer.
The wave plate is 1/4 lambda, wherein lambda is the wavelength of the laser radar return beam.
The beam splitting ratio of the polarization-maintaining beam splitter is 1: 1, the beam splitting ratio of the polarization-maintaining beam splitter a is 1: 1.
the extinction ratio of the polarization beam splitter prism is more than 1000: 1.
the invention has the advantages that
The invention realizes the function of simultaneously detecting four stokes vectors by adopting the light path of a polarization testing system consisting of a polarization-maintaining beam splitter, a linear polarizer and an 1/4 lambda plate, solves the problem that the prior art can not detect the full stokes vectors when testing the stokes vectors and can be suitable for the polarization measurement of transient or pulse beams. Most of the existing stokes polarization detection instruments adopt a mode of rotating a wave plate to obtain the polarization state of a light beam, and the prior art method is only suitable for measuring a constant or slowly-varying continuous light beam, and cannot realize the function of real-time detection due to the limitation of a mechanical structure.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for detecting a laser radar echo full stokes vector in real time according to the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a telescope, 2, a converging lens, 3, a collimating lens, 4, a polarization-maintaining beam splitter, 5, a polarization splitting prism, 6, a photoelectric converter, 7, a photoelectric converter a, 8, a polarization-maintaining beam splitter a, 9, a wave plate, 10, a linear polarizer, 11, a photoelectric converter c, 12, a linear polarizer a, 13 and a photoelectric converter b.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention discloses a device for detecting a laser radar echo full stokes vector in real time, which mainly comprises a telescope receiving system, a polarization testing system and a photoelectric conversion system, as shown in figure 1. The telescope receiving system comprises a telescope 1, a converging lens 2 and a collimating lens 3; the converging mirror 2 is arranged at the lower side of a light outlet in the telescope 1; the condenser 2 can receive the echo beam signal of the telescope 1; the collimating lens 3 is arranged at the lower side of the converging mirror 2, and the focus of the collimating lens 3 is superposed at the focus of the converging mirror 2; the polarization testing system comprises a polarization-maintaining beam splitter 4, a polarization splitting prism 5, a polarization-maintaining beam splitter a8, a 45-degree linear polarizer a12, a 1/4 lambda plate 9 and a 0-degree linear polarizer 10, and is used for receiving optical signals output by the telescope receiving system; the polarization testing system is positioned at the lower side of the telescope receiving system. The polarization-maintaining beam splitter 4 is arranged at the lower side of the collimating lens 3; the polarization-maintaining beam splitter 4 divides the optical signal into a transmission direction and a reflection direction, the transmission direction of the polarization-maintaining beam splitter 4 is the original beam propagation direction, and the reflection direction of the polarization-maintaining beam splitter 4 is perpendicular to the original beam propagation direction. A polarization beam splitter 5 is arranged in the transmission direction of the polarization-maintaining beam splitter 4, and the polarization beam splitter 5 divides the optical signal into a transmission direction and a reflection direction; the polarization maintaining beam splitter a8 is provided in the reflection direction of the polarization maintaining beam splitter 4. The polarization maintaining beam splitter a8 divides the optical signal into a transmission direction and a reflection direction; the reflection direction of the polarization-maintaining beam splitter a8 is vertical to the original light beam propagation direction; the transmission direction of the polarization-maintaining beam splitter a8 is the original light beam propagation direction; a 1/4 lambda wave plate 9 is arranged in the transmission direction of the polarization-maintaining beam splitter a8, lambda is the wavelength of the laser radar echo beam, and a 0-degree linear polaroid 10 is arranged; a linear polaroid a12 is arranged in the reflection direction of the polarization-maintaining beam splitter a 8; 1/4 lambda plate 9 is located to the right of the 0 deg. linear polarizer 10. The photoelectric conversion system includes the photoelectric converter 6, the photoelectric converter a7, the photoelectric converter c11, and the photoelectric converter b 13. The photoelectric converter 6 is arranged in the reflection direction of the polarization splitting prism 5; the photoelectric converter a7 is arranged in the transmission direction of the polarization splitting prism 5; the photoelectric converter c11 is arranged in the transmission direction of the polarization-maintaining beam splitter a 8; the photoelectric converter b13 is arranged in the reflection direction of the polarization-maintaining beam splitter a 8; the photoelectric converter b13 is provided below the linearly polarizing plate a 12.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
when the echo beam stokes vector real-time detection device of the laser radar starts to operate, the echo beam is received by the telescope 1 and is transmitted to the converging mirror 2 through a light outlet hole of the telescope 1, the echo beam is converged to the focus of the converging mirror 2, then the echo beam is transmitted to the collimating lens 3, the echo beam is converted into a parallel beam through the collimating lens 3 and is transmitted to the polarization test system, the parallel beam is divided into a transmission direction and a reflection direction through the polarization-preserving beam splitter 4, wherein the beam splitting ratio of the polarization-preserving beam splitter 4 is 1: 1, the polarization-maintaining beam splitter 4 has the function of splitting light under the condition of not changing the polarization state, parallel light is transmitted to the polarization beam splitter prism 5 through the transmission direction of the polarization-maintaining beam splitter 4, and the extinction ratio of the polarization beam splitter prism 5 needs to be greater than 1000: 1; the polarization beam splitter prism 5 divides the light beam into two linearly polarized light beams perpendicular to each other so as to modulate a beam stokes vector, the parallel light beam is divided into a transmission direction and a reflection direction by the polarization beam splitter prism 5, wherein the light is transmitted to the photoelectric converter a7 in the transmission direction, and the photoelectric converter a7 converts the optical signal into an electrical signal; the light is transmitted to the photoelectric converter 6 in the reflection direction, the photoelectric converter 6 converts the light signal into an electrical signal, and the parallel light is transmitted to the polarization-maintaining beam splitter a8 through the reflection direction of the polarization-maintaining beam splitter 4, wherein the beam splitting ratio of the polarization-maintaining beam splitter a8 is 1: 1; the polarization maintaining beam splitter a8 has a function of splitting light without changing the polarization state. The parallel light beams are divided into a transmission direction and a reflection direction by a polarization-maintaining beam splitter a8, wherein the light is transmitted in the transmission direction through a 1/4 lambda plate 9 and a linear polarizer 10 and finally transmitted to a photoelectric converter c11, and the photoelectric converter c11 converts an optical signal into an electrical signal; the light is transmitted through the 45 ° linearly polarizing plate a12 in the reflection direction, and finally transmitted to the photoelectric converter b13, and the photoelectric converter b13 converts the optical signal into an electrical signal. The 1/4 lambda plate 9 and 0 deg. linear polarizer 10 combined design has a circular polarization vector in the stokes vector of the modulated light beam. The 45 linear polarizer a12 has a U vector in the stokes vector of the modulated beam. The electrical signals converted by the photoelectric converter 6, the photoelectric converter a7, the photoelectric converter c11 and the photoelectric converter b13 are subjected to data processing to obtain the full stokes vector information of the light beam.
Claims (8)
1. The device is characterized in that a telescope receiving system, a polarization testing system and a photoelectric conversion system are sequentially arranged along the propagation direction of a laser radar echo beam.
2. The device for detecting the full stokes vector of the laser radar echo in real time according to claim 1, wherein the telescope receiving system comprises a telescope (1), a converging mirror (2) and a collimating lens (3) which are sequentially arranged along the propagation direction of the laser radar echo beam, the converging mirror (2) is arranged at the position of a light outlet in the telescope (1), and the converging mirror (2) receives the laser radar echo beam signal of the telescope (1); the focus of the collimating lens (3) corresponds to the focus of the converging mirror (2).
3. The device for detecting the full stokes vector of the laser radar echo in real time as claimed in claim 2, wherein the polarization testing system comprises a polarization-maintaining beam splitter (4) arranged along the transmission direction of the laser radar echo beam emitted from the collimating lens (3), the polarization-maintaining beam splitter (4) divides the laser radar echo beam into transmitted light and reflected light, a polarization beam splitter (5) is arranged along the transmission direction of the transmitted light of the polarization beam splitter (4), the polarization beam splitter (5) divides the beam into two linearly polarized light beams perpendicular to each other, photoelectric conversion systems are arranged along the directions of the two linearly polarized light beams, a polarization beam splitter a (8) is arranged along the transmission direction of the reflected light of the polarization beam splitter (4), the polarization beam splitter a (8) divides the received light signal into transmitted light and reflected light, and a wave plate (9) are sequentially arranged along the transmission direction of the transmitted light of the polarization beam splitter a (8), And a linear polarizing plate (10) and a photoelectric conversion system, wherein the linear polarizing plate a (12) and the photoelectric conversion system are arranged in this order along the transmission direction of the reflected light from the polarization-maintaining beam splitter a (8).
4. The device for detecting the laser radar echo full stokes vector according to claim 3, wherein the photoelectric conversion system comprises a photoelectric converter (6) and a photoelectric converter a (7) which are arranged in the direction of emitting two linearly polarized light beams by the polarization splitting prism (5), a photoelectric converter b (13) which is arranged in the direction of emitting light by the linear polarizer a (12), and a photoelectric converter c (11) which is arranged in the direction of emitting light by the linear polarizer (10).
5. The device for detecting the laser radar echo full stokes vector according to claim 3, wherein the linear polarizer (10) is a 0 ° linear polarizer, and the linear polarizer a (12) is a 45 ° linear polarizer.
6. The device for detecting the full stokes vector of the laser radar echo in real time according to claim 3, wherein the wave plate (9) is an 1/4 lambda wave plate, wherein lambda is the wavelength of the laser radar echo beam.
7. The device for detecting the full stokes vector of the laser radar echo in real time according to claim 3, wherein the beam splitting ratio of the polarization-maintaining beam splitter (4) is 1: 1, the beam splitting ratio of the polarization-maintaining beam splitter a (8) is 1: 1.
8. the device for detecting the laser radar echo full stokes vector according to claim 3, wherein the extinction ratio of the polarization beam splitter prism (5) is greater than 1000: 1.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110428316.0A CN113126063A (en) | 2021-04-21 | 2021-04-21 | Device for detecting full stokes vector of laser radar echo in real time |
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| CN202110428316.0A CN113126063A (en) | 2021-04-21 | 2021-04-21 | Device for detecting full stokes vector of laser radar echo in real time |
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Inventor after: Chen Ning Inventor after: Hua Dengxin Inventor after: Li Siwen Inventor after: Yuan Yun Inventor after: Wen Xiaonan Inventor after: Wang Kun Inventor after: Wang Xinhong Inventor after: Yan Qing Inventor after: Xu Xiang Inventor after: Di Huige Inventor before: Li Siwen Inventor before: Hua Dengxin Inventor before: Chen Ning Inventor before: Yuan Yun Inventor before: Wen Xiaonan Inventor before: Wang Kun Inventor before: Wang Xinhong Inventor before: Yan Qing Inventor before: Xu Xiang Inventor before: Di Huige |