CN113125840A - Method for extracting effective current signal of abnormal discharge of alternating current transmission line - Google Patents
Method for extracting effective current signal of abnormal discharge of alternating current transmission line Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- G01R19/02—Measuring effective values, i.e. root-mean-square values
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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- G06F2218/00—Aspects of pattern recognition specially adapted for signal processing
- G06F2218/08—Feature extraction
Abstract
The invention relates to an extraction method of an effective current signal of abnormal discharge of an alternating current transmission line, which comprises the following steps: s000, the monitoring terminal collects waveforms on the line body in a threshold triggering mode; s001, removing wave tail trigger waveforms; s002, removing high-frequency noise; s003, windowing; s004, calculating window time weight; s005, calculating a window time interval; s006, a data sending server; s007 and diagnosis and analysis. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the abnormal discharge state of the power transmission line can be monitored and early warned in a wide area at all times by extracting and analyzing the discharge current signal generated in the discharge development exacerbation stage, and the tripping accident caused by part of factors is avoided; the traveling wave current signals generated by the discharge of the gradual-change type faults and the defects in the initial stage are monitored, so that the accurate positioning of the discharge points can be realized, and the early warning function of the defects and the gradual-change type faults is further achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power transmission lines, in particular to a method for extracting an effective current signal of abnormal discharge of an alternating current power transmission line.
Background
The transmission line operates in a field in a suburb, the environment of a line corridor is complex, in the line operation process, tripping accidents caused by factors such as lightning stroke and external damage exist objectively, the faults are a short-time and sudden process from the initial stage of the faults to line relay protection actions, and the process cannot be predicted.
With the gradual improvement of the requirement of users on the power supply reliability of a power grid, at present, gradual faults such as insulator pollution, tree obstacles, insulator ice coating and the like have been widely concerned by the power grid, the faults need to go through a long-time development process from a fault initial stage to a fault tripping stage, and a plurality of documents in China indicate that the faults can generate a discharge phenomenon on a circuit from the fault initial stage, current signals generated by the discharge have the characteristics of low amplitude and high frequency, and the faults have feasibility in real time monitoring and early warning due to the existence of the long-time development process.
At present, monitoring aiming at long-term gradual faults such as insulator pollution, tree obstacles and the like mainly depends on means of manual inspection and unmanned aerial vehicle carrying video images for detection. The manual inspection has the defects of large workload, time consumption and labor consumption; in recent years, the inspection means for carrying video images by unmanned aerial vehicles is widely applied to power grids and achieves certain application effects, but the development mode of unmanned aerial vehicle inspection is mainly regular and fixed-point inspection, namely, inspection is carried out at specified time and specified sections, and wide-area and full-time monitoring of lines cannot be realized.
At present, a traveling wave fault positioning technology is widely applied to a power grid, and a discharge development process exists before fault tripping for a long time, so that a gradual fault early warning function can be realized through monitoring of a small current signal generated by discharge. The voltage class of a transmission line in China covers multiple grades such as 110kV and 220kV, the operation environment of the transmission line is high-voltage and strong-magnetic environment, in order to realize real-time online monitoring of gradual faults such as insulator pollution and tree obstacles, small discharge current signals generated by the faults in the development stage need to be extracted and identified, the high-voltage and strong-magnetic environment of a line body determines that a plurality of interference problems exist in the process of extracting the signals, and how to effectively and uninterruptedly extract the discharge current signals is a main problem to be solved currently under the influence of a plurality of interference factors.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an extraction method of an effective current signal of abnormal discharge of an alternating current transmission line, so as to overcome the defects in the prior art.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: an effective current signal extraction method for abnormal discharge of an alternating current transmission line comprises the following steps:
s000, the monitoring terminal collects waveforms on the line body in a threshold triggering mode;
s001, removing wave tail trigger waveforms;
s002, removing high-frequency noise;
s003, windowing;
s004, calculating window time weight;
s005, calculating a window time interval;
s006, a data sending server;
s007 and diagnosis and analysis.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows.
Further, the mode that monitoring terminal adopted the threshold value to trigger gathers the waveform on the circuit body specifically is:
the monitoring terminal collects a small current signal on the line body and judges whether the amplitude of the small current signal exceeds a set threshold value, if so, the monitoring terminal is triggered to collect a section of N milliseconds waveform at a sampling rate of S million points per second, and the GPS gives time to the waveform; if not, the small current signal is abandoned;
and repeating the steps, collecting multiple sections of waveforms, and sequencing according to GPS time service to form a waveform stack.
Further, the sampling rate S of the monitoring terminal is 10 MS/S;
the waveform for each N milliseconds is:
the waveform N/2 milliseconds before the trigger point and the waveform N/2 milliseconds after the trigger point.
Further, the threshold is set to X times the device noise inherent.
Further, the wave tail trigger waveform removal specifically comprises:
and if the absolute values of the values of all sampling points N/2 milliseconds before the threshold trigger sampling point are less than or equal to the trigger threshold value 1/2, keeping the trigger waveform, and entering the next judgment, otherwise, discarding.
Further, the high-frequency noise removal specifically comprises:
judging the values of all acquisition points from the p point after the trigger threshold point to the end of the waveform, if the absolute values of all the acquisition point values are less than the trigger threshold value, judging the waveform to be a spine type waveform, and discarding the waveform to be an invalid waveform, otherwise, judging the waveform to be an effective waveform, and entering the next judgment.
Further, the windowing specifically comprises:
and sequencing the effective waveforms according to the time sequence of the waveform GPS to form a waveform group vector, and adding a time window with the time length of T at the position where the trigger waveform exists in the waveform group vector to group all the waveforms.
Further, the window time weight calculation specifically includes:
the corresponding time of the sampling points of each waveform contained in the time window is t0、t1、t2……tkAmplitude of i0、i1、i2……ikThen, the time weight calculation formula of the time window is:
the time weight of each time window is calculated according to the formula.
Further, the window time interval calculation specifically includes:
the time rights of all time windows are recorded in turn as
Then, the following conditions are required:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the time weight of the kth time window and has the unit of millisecond.
Further, the monitoring terminal sends the data to the server in a wireless transmission mode.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the abnormal discharge state of the power transmission line can be monitored and early warned in a wide area at all times by extracting and analyzing the discharge current signal generated in the discharge development exacerbation stage, and the tripping accident caused by part of factors is avoided;
2) the traveling wave current signals generated by the discharge of the gradual-change type faults and the defects in the initial stage are monitored, so that the accurate positioning of the discharge points can be realized, and the early warning function of the defects and the gradual-change type faults is further achieved;
3) by eliminating the interference signals, the data volume of the signals required to be uploaded by the monitoring terminal can be greatly reduced, and the reliability of the system can be effectively improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic mounting diagram of a monitoring terminal of the present invention mounted on a three-phase line body of an ac transmission line;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the effect of removing the tail-wave trigger waveform;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of removing high frequency noise waveforms;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the effect of windowing;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of an ac transmission line abnormal discharge effective current signal extraction method.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the operation process of the alternating current transmission line, due to the influence of the operation environment, the line can be tripped due to the influence of factors such as lightning stroke, and the factors causing the abnormal operation in the operation process of the line are mainly divided into the following factors by combining the operation experience:
transient faults (the faults are extremely short from the initial stage of the fault to the relay protection action, such as lightning stroke and other factors);
gradual faults (the faults can last for tens of days from the initial stage of the faults to the relay protection, such as tree faults, insulator dirt, insulator icing and other factors) and defects (the state can not cause the trip of the line, but can cause the line to operate with faults, such as ground wire insulation defects and the like);
the transient fault cannot be early-warned due to extremely short acting time, and the fault can be analyzed and diagnosed only after the fault; gradual faults and defects exist in a long time from the initial stage of faulty operation of the line to the relay protection action, so that the monitoring and early warning of the gradual faults and defects are feasible.
The monitoring terminal is arranged on the three-phase line body of the alternating current transmission line,
the method is used for collecting large traveling wave current signals generated by lightning stroke and other instantaneous faults on a line body and small current signals generated by insulator pollution and other gradual faults in a discharging stage before the faults, and finally realizing accurate positioning and early warning of the fault points and abnormal discharging points;
the monitoring terminals acquire small current signals in a threshold triggering mode, the installation schematic diagram of the monitoring terminals is shown in fig. 1, the interval between the two monitoring terminals is 20 km-30 km, the monitoring terminals mainly achieve acquisition and uploading of discharge current signals, threshold triggering is to set a value for monitoring, if the amplitude of the small current signals generated by discharge exceeds the set threshold, triggering is carried out, otherwise, triggering is not carried out.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 5, a method for extracting an effective current signal of abnormal discharge of an ac power transmission line includes the following steps:
s000, the monitoring terminal collects waveforms on the line body in a threshold triggering mode;
s001, removing wave tail trigger waveforms;
s002, removing high-frequency noise;
s003, windowing;
s004, calculating window time weight;
s005, calculating a window time interval;
s006, a data sending server;
s007 and diagnosis and analysis.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 5, this embodiment is a further improvement on embodiment 1, and specifically includes the following steps:
the method for acquiring the waveform on the line body by the monitoring terminal in a threshold triggering mode specifically comprises the following steps:
the monitoring terminal collects a small current signal on the line body and judges whether the amplitude of the small current signal exceeds a set threshold value, if so, the monitoring terminal is triggered to collect a section of N milliseconds waveform at a sampling rate of S million points per second, and the GPS gives time to the waveform; if not, the small current signal is abandoned;
and repeating the steps, collecting multiple sections of waveforms, and sequencing according to GPS time service to form a waveform stack.
In the present embodiment, the sampling rate S of the monitoring terminal is preferably 10MS/S, and of course, sampling rates with other values are not excluded, and the present embodiment is described by taking 10MS/S as an example.
The N millisecond waveform is:
the waveform of N/2 milliseconds before the trigger point and the waveform of N/2 milliseconds after the trigger point, in general, N may be 1ms, and certainly, N does not exclude 2ms, and the like, and in this embodiment, the value of 1ms is only an example.
In addition, the threshold is set to be X times the device noise, X may take the value of 10, and certainly may also take other values greater than 10, and in this embodiment, the value of 10 is merely exemplary.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 2, this embodiment is a further improvement on embodiment 2, and specifically includes the following steps:
wave tail trigger waveform removal:
sequentially carrying out a wave tail triggering waveform removing algorithm on the waveforms meeting the triggering threshold, entering the next step if the wave tail triggering waveform removing algorithm is met, and discarding the waveforms if the wave tail triggering waveform removing algorithm is not met;
in this embodiment, the implementation logic of the wave tail trigger waveform removal algorithm is as follows:
and if the absolute values of the values of all sampling points N/2 milliseconds before the threshold trigger sampling point are less than or equal to the trigger threshold value 1/2, keeping the trigger waveform, and entering the next judgment, otherwise, discarding.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 3, this embodiment is a further improvement on embodiment 3, and specifically includes the following steps:
removing high-frequency noise:
the line body is in a high-voltage and strong-magnetic environment, so that a corona discharge waveform exists in the line in a normal running state, the corona is an inherent phenomenon of the line, the generated waveform meets a trigger threshold value and can form an interference source, the corona has the characteristic of extremely high frequency, the characteristics of extremely narrow pulse width are reflected in a time domain, and the characteristics of few sampling points and narrow pulse width are displayed on the waveform characteristics, so that the interference waveform needs to be removed;
in this embodiment, the specific removing method is as follows:
the sampling point sequence is [ n ]0、n1、n2……nk]The number of sampling points is sampling duration x sampling rate = N x 10-3*S*106,
And judging the values of all acquisition points of each waveform from the p-th point after the trigger threshold point to the end of the wavelet waveform, if the absolute values of all the acquisition point values are smaller than the trigger threshold value, judging the waveform to be a spine waveform and to be an invalid waveform, discarding the waveform, otherwise, judging the waveform to be an effective waveform, and entering the next judgment.
Because the sampling duration is 1MS and the sampling rate is 10MS/s, the number of sampling points in each waveform is as follows: sample duration sample rate = N10-3*10*106=1*104(ii) a In this embodiment, p takes the value of 40, but may also take other values, and in this embodiment, the value of 40 is only an example.
Example 5
As shown in fig. 4, this embodiment is a further improvement on embodiment 4, and specifically includes the following steps:
the windowing specifically comprises the following steps:
according to the time sequence of the waveform GPS, effective waveforms are sequenced to form a waveform group vector, a time window with the time length T is added to the position where the trigger waveform exists in the waveform group vector, the value of T can be determined according to the actual situation, in general, the value is less than or equal to 6ms, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, 6 waveforms are respectively marked as a 1# waveform, a 2# waveform, a 3# waveform, a 4# waveform, a 5# waveform and a 6# waveform, after the time window is added, 3 groups are obtained, the 1# waveform is a group, the 2# waveform, the 3# waveform and the 4# waveform are a group together, the 5# waveform and the 6# waveform are a group together, and when the time T is different, the groups are changed.
Example 6
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment is a further improvement on embodiment 5, and specifically includes the following steps:
calculating window time weight, namely calculating the time weight of all waveforms in each window, wherein the specific calculation method comprises the following steps:
the corresponding time of the sampling points of each waveform contained in the time window is t0、t1、t2……tkAmplitude of i0、i1、i2……ikWherein k is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and the specific value varies according to the value of the windowing time T, for example, as described above, k in the first time window is 1, k in the second time window is 3, and k in the third time window is 2, the time weight calculation formula of the time window is:
the time weight of each time window is calculated according to the formula.
Example 7
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment is a further improvement on embodiment 6, and specifically includes the following steps:
window time interval calculation:
according to the high-voltage discharge principle, the abnormal discharge of the line is closely related to the phase of the voltage, and the discharge only appears near the wave crest/wave trough of the voltage, so that the effectiveness of the inner waveform of the divided time window needs to be further screened;
the specific calculation method comprises the following steps:
the time rights of all time windows are recorded in turn as
Then, the following conditions are required:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the time weight of the kth time window and has the unit of millisecond.
Example 8
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment is a further improvement on any embodiment of embodiments 1 to 7, and specifically includes the following steps:
the monitoring terminal sends the waveform data to the server in a wireless transmission mode, and the server performs diagnosis analysis such as double-end diagnosis and waveform feature identification after acquiring the waveform data.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An effective current signal extraction method for abnormal discharge of an alternating current transmission line is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s000, the monitoring terminal collects waveforms on the line body in a threshold triggering mode;
s001, removing wave tail trigger waveforms;
s002, removing high-frequency noise;
s003, windowing;
s004, calculating window time weight;
s005, calculating a window time interval;
s006, a data sending server;
s007 and diagnosis and analysis.
2. The method for extracting the effective current signal of the abnormal discharge of the alternating-current transmission line according to claim 1, wherein the step of acquiring the waveform on the line body by the monitoring terminal in a threshold triggering mode is specifically as follows:
the monitoring terminal collects a small current signal on the line body and judges whether the amplitude of the small current signal exceeds a set threshold value, if so, the monitoring terminal is triggered to collect a section of N milliseconds waveform at a sampling rate of S million points per second, and the GPS gives time to the waveform; if not, the small current signal is abandoned;
and repeating the steps, collecting multiple sections of waveforms, and sequencing according to GPS time service to form a waveform stack.
3. The method for extracting the effective current signal of the abnormal discharge of the alternating-current transmission line according to claim 2, wherein the sampling rate S of the monitoring terminal is 10 MS/S;
the waveform for each N milliseconds is:
the waveform N/2 milliseconds before the trigger point and the waveform N/2 milliseconds after the trigger point.
4. The method for extracting the effective current signal of the abnormal discharge of the alternating-current transmission line according to claim 2, wherein the threshold is set to be X times of the intrinsic noise of the device.
5. The method for extracting the abnormal discharge effective current signal of the alternating current transmission line according to claim 2, 3 or 4, wherein the wave tail trigger waveform removal specifically comprises:
and if the absolute values of the values of all sampling points N/2 milliseconds before the threshold trigger sampling point are less than or equal to the trigger threshold value 1/2, keeping the trigger waveform, and entering the next judgment, otherwise, discarding.
6. The method for extracting the effective current signal of the abnormal discharge of the alternating-current transmission line according to claim 5, wherein the high-frequency noise removal specifically comprises:
and judging the values of all acquisition points of each waveform from the p point after the trigger threshold point to the end of the waveform, if the absolute values of all the acquisition point values are less than the trigger threshold value, judging the waveform to be a spine waveform, discarding the waveform to be an invalid waveform, otherwise, judging the waveform to be an effective waveform, and entering the next judgment.
7. The method for extracting the effective current signal of the abnormal discharge of the alternating-current transmission line according to claim 6, wherein the windowing specifically comprises:
and sequencing the effective waveforms according to the time sequence of the waveform GPS to form a waveform group vector, and adding a time window with the time length of T at the position where the trigger waveform exists in the waveform group vector to group all the waveforms.
8. The method for extracting an effective current signal for abnormal discharge of an alternating-current transmission line according to claim 7, wherein the window time weight calculation specifically comprises:
the corresponding time of the sampling points of each waveform contained in the time window is t0、t1、t2……tkAmplitude of i0、i1、i2……ikThen, the time weight calculation formula of the time window is:
the time weight of each time window is calculated according to the formula.
9. The method for extracting an effective current signal for abnormal discharge of an alternating-current transmission line according to claim 8, wherein the window time interval calculation specifically comprises:
the time rights of all time windows are recorded in turn as
Then, the following conditions are required:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the time weight of the kth time window and has the unit of millisecond.
10. The method for extracting the effective current signal of the abnormal discharge of the alternating current transmission line according to claim 1, wherein the monitoring terminal sends data to a server in a wireless transmission mode.
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Denomination of invention: A method for extracting effective current signals of abnormal discharge in AC transmission lines Effective date of registration: 20231219 Granted publication date: 20210928 Pledgee: Guanggu Branch of Wuhan Rural Commercial Bank Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: Wuhan Huarui volt ampere Power Technology Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023980072298 |
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