CN113124670A - Infrared radiation and hot air combined drying equipment and method for bulk traditional Chinese medicinal materials - Google Patents
Infrared radiation and hot air combined drying equipment and method for bulk traditional Chinese medicinal materials Download PDFInfo
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 143
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B15/00—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form
- F26B15/02—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in the whole or part of a circle
- F26B15/04—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in the whole or part of a circle in a horizontal plane
- F26B15/06—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in the whole or part of a circle in a horizontal plane involving several planes, one above the other
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/001—Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure
- F26B21/002—Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure heating the drying air indirectly, i.e. using a heat exchanger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/004—Nozzle assemblies; Air knives; Air distributors; Blow boxes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/001—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements
- F26B25/002—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements for bulk goods
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/02—Applications of driving mechanisms, not covered by another subclass
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
- F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
- F26B3/28—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun
- F26B3/30—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun from infrared-emitting elements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a bulk traditional Chinese medicinal material infrared radiation and hot air synergistic drying device which comprises a rack, a cache chamber, a drying chamber, a discharging chamber, a static pressure chamber, a heat source, a heat exchanger, a fan and a control system, wherein the rack is arranged on the rack; the buffer chamber is composed of a buffer chamber box body, a waste heat recovery pipe and a feeding device, and the buffer chamber box body is of a hollow structure; infrared radiation coatings are respectively designed on the inner wall of the box body of the cache chamber and the outer surface of the waste heat recovery pipe, so that an infrared radiation drying function is generated; the drying chamber comprises a conveying device, an exhaust angle box, a drying chamber box body and a first motor; the iron plate conveying belt of the conveying device consists of a mesh iron plate and a single-side bent plate chain, and both the upper layer iron plate conveying belt and the lower layer iron plate conveying belt of the conveying device can convey and dry materials; the heat source, the heat exchanger, the drying chamber and the fan are arranged on the frame; the control system is respectively connected with the fan, the discharging device, the conveying device, the heat source and the heat exchanger, so that automatic drying control is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a traditional Chinese medicine processing device, in particular to a bulk traditional Chinese medicine infrared radiation and hot air drying device.
Background
The drying is directly related to the chemical components, the drug effect and the sensory quality of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and is a very important link in the processing of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials. With the development of the technological level, some modern drying technologies are applied to drying traditional Chinese medicinal materials, but bottleneck problems of high drying energy consumption, low efficiency, poor drying uniformity, single drying technology and the like generally exist. Therefore, in actual production, people mainly adopt traditional drying methods such as drying in the shade and the sun. The traditional methods have the defects of low drying efficiency, low automation level, high labor intensity, easy damage and loss of active ingredients in medicinal materials, poor product color and luster and the like, and are easily influenced by climate. Therefore, the invention designs a device for drying bulk traditional Chinese medicinal materials by infrared radiation in cooperation with hot air.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the background technology, adapt to the requirement of actual production and provide the infrared radiation and hot air drying equipment for the bulk traditional Chinese medicinal materials.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a bulk traditional Chinese medicinal material infrared radiation and hot air cooperative drying device comprises a rack, a cache chamber, a drying chamber, a discharging chamber, a static pressure chamber, a heat source, a heat exchanger, a fan and a control system; the buffer chamber is composed of a buffer chamber box body, a waste heat recovery pipe and a feeding device, the buffer chamber box body is of a hollow structure, and infrared radiation coatings are respectively arranged on the inner wall of the buffer chamber box body and the outer surface of the waste heat recovery pipe; the drying chamber comprises a conveying device, an exhaust angle box, a drying chamber box body and a first motor; the heat source, the heat exchanger, the drying chamber, the fan and the control system are arranged on the rack; the control system is respectively connected with the fan, the discharging device, the conveying device, the heat source and the heat exchanger, and automatically controls the whole drying equipment.
Further, the buffer chamber is arranged right above the drying chamber through an angle iron flange; the waste heat recovery pipe in the cache chamber is a through pipe, is arranged in the cache chamber and is communicated with the cache chamber box body; the air inlet cover and the air outlet cover are respectively arranged on two sides of the cache chamber box body; the feeding device is designed at the bottom of the buffer chamber and mainly comprises a guide plate, a vibrator, a feeding roller and a first chain wheel; the guide plate is obliquely fixed inside the buffer chamber; the vibrator is arranged on the lower side surface of the guide plate to promote the traditional Chinese medicinal materials to smoothly flow downwards and enter a feeding groove designed on the surface of the feeding roller, wherein the feeding roller is arranged on the box body of the cache chamber through a bearing seat; the first chain wheel is arranged at the end part of the feeding roller and is connected with the second chain wheel through a chain, so that the power of the conveying device is transmitted to the feeding roller; in the working process, the feeding roller rotates to continuously convey the materials in the feeding trough to an iron plate conveying belt of the conveying device; the revolution of the feeding roller can be adjusted by changing the transmission ratio between the first chain wheel and the second chain wheel, so that the stacking thickness of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials on the iron plate conveying belt can be effectively controlled.
Furthermore, the drying chamber is arranged on the rack, a plurality of exhaust angle boxes in the drying chamber are horizontally distributed at the top of the drying chamber, and exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust angle boxes enters a fan cover arranged on the drying chamber box body; the fan cover is connected with the air inlet cover through a first air pipe; in the drying chamber, a plurality of conveying devices are vertically distributed along the longitudinal direction of a drying chamber box body, and the conveying devices are fixed on the drying chamber box body through bearing seats; the conveying devices are in power transmission through chain transmission of a second chain wheel; the first motor is arranged on the rack, and power is transmitted to the conveying device by using the transmission of a first chain wheel and a chain; all the conveying devices can synchronously work under the driving of the first motor, and the traditional Chinese medicinal materials fed into the drying chamber by the feeding device sequentially pass through all the conveying devices from top to bottom.
Further, the conveying device comprises a side pressing plate, a single-side bent plate chain, a third chain wheel, a short pressing strip, a long pressing strip, a first arc-shaped pressing strip, a second arc-shaped pressing strip, an iron plate conveying belt and a shaft; the third chain wheel is arranged on the shaft, and the iron plate conveying belt is wound on the third chain wheel; the iron plate conveying belt consists of a mesh iron plate and a single-side bent plate chain, wherein the mesh iron plate is connected with the single-side bent plate chain through a pin shaft; one end of the pin shaft is fixed on the unilateral bent plate chain, the other end of the pin shaft is in clearance fit with the ear rings on the mesh iron plate, and the ear rings are welded at the two ends of the mesh iron plate, so that the mesh iron plate can turn around the pin shaft; the short pressing strip, the long pressing strip, the first arc-shaped pressing strip and the second arc-shaped pressing strip are all arranged on the box body of the drying chamber and pressed on the iron plate conveying belt to keep a tiny gap, so that the mesh iron plate is prevented from being turned over in the conveying process; in the working process, the third chain wheel drives the iron plate conveying belt to horizontally convey; when the mesh iron plate is not pressed, the mesh iron plate can turn over and is changed from a horizontal state to a vertical state, and the traditional Chinese medicinal materials on the mesh iron plate can fall onto the iron plate conveying belt below, so that the traditional Chinese medicinal materials can be laid and dried on the upper layer of iron plate conveying belt and the lower layer of iron plate conveying belt of the conveying device.
Further, the static pressure chamber and the discharge chamber are horizontally welded together and are arranged right below the drying chamber through an angle iron flange; the dried Chinese medicinal materials flow out of the drying chamber and enter a discharging chamber; the air outlet panel of the static pressure chamber is communicated with the drying chamber, and a plurality of fine air outlet holes are designed on the air outlet panel so as to ensure that the hot air drying medium entering the drying chamber has uniform temperature and pressure.
Further, the discharging device is arranged at the bottom of the discharging chamber and is connected with the side wall of the discharging chamber; the discharging device comprises a sliding block, a moving plate, a supporting seat and an optical axis, wherein the moving plate is fixed on the sliding block, the sliding block is sleeved on the optical axis, the optical axis is fixed on the supporting seat, and the supporting seat is arranged on the side wall of the discharging chamber; two ends of the connecting rod are respectively connected with the cam and the moving plate through joint bearings; the cam is arranged on the second motor; under the drive of the second motor, the connecting rod transmits power to the moving plate through the cam, the moving plate reciprocates along the optical axis in the horizontal direction, and Chinese medicinal materials in the unloading chamber are discharged intermittently.
Furthermore, the heat source is connected with the heat exchanger through a third air pipe, and the heat exchanger absorbs heat energy generated by the heat source; the heat exchanger is connected with an air inlet of the static pressure chamber through a third air pipe; under the action of the fan, air enters the heat exchanger to absorb heat generated by a heat source and becomes a hot air drying medium; hot air drying medium enters the drying chamber through the static pressure chamber and sequentially passes through the iron plate conveying belt of each conveying device and the traditional Chinese medicinal materials laid on the iron plate conveying belt from bottom to top from the bottom of the drying chamber, so that moisture in the traditional Chinese medicinal materials is removed, and the drying purpose is realized; finally, the hot air drying medium becomes waste gas and is discharged out of the drying chamber from the exhaust angle box.
Furthermore, the fan is arranged on the rack and is connected with the air outlet cover through a second air pipe; under the action of a fan, waste gas generated in the drying chamber enters the buffer chamber box body and the waste heat recovery pipe through the exhaust angle box, the fan cover, the first air pipe and the air inlet cover, and waste heat in the waste gas is transferred to the infrared radiation coating in a convection heat exchange mode; the infrared radiation coating transfers the absorbed heat to the traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and the traditional Chinese medicinal materials are subjected to infrared radiation drying to excite the water activity in the traditional Chinese medicinal materials and improve the internal energy of water evaporation, so that the water continuously migrates to the surfaces of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and favorable conditions are created for the subsequent drying in a drying chamber; and finally, discharging the low-temperature waste gas into the atmosphere through the air outlet cover, the second air pipe and the fan.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the buffer chamber box body and the waste heat recovery pipe which are of a hollow structure are designed in the buffer chamber, and the infrared radiation coating is sprayed on the outer surface of the buffer chamber box body and the waste heat recovery pipe, so that a large amount of waste heat in dry waste gas can be recovered, and the utilization rate of energy is improved; and the infrared radiation coating absorbs the waste heat to generate infrared rays, so that the internal water activity of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials can be excited, the temperature of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials can be increased, the internal water can be accelerated to migrate and evaporate to the outer surface, the aim of drying the traditional Chinese medicinal materials by infrared radiation is fulfilled, and favorable conditions are created for subsequent hot air drying. In the drying chamber, the upper and lower iron plate conveying belts of the designed conveying device can dry the traditional Chinese medicinal materials, so that the space of the drying chamber is fully utilized, the loading capacity of the dryer is improved, and the manufacturing cost of equipment is reduced. Meanwhile, the mesh iron plate can drive the traditional Chinese medicinal materials to overturn along with the traditional Chinese medicinal materials in the overturning process and fall onto the next iron plate conveying belt for drying, and the design can continuously change the heated parts of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials, so that the traditional Chinese medicinal materials are uniformly heated, and the drying uniformity and the drying efficiency of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials are improved. Therefore, the invention has the advantages of energy saving and high efficiency. The invention is also suitable for various discrete Chinese medicinal materials, and has stronger universality and practicability. Meanwhile, the equipment is convenient to operate and high in automation degree.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of an assembly drawing of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a right side view of the general assembly drawing of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a front view of a feed trough of a feed roller.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a feed roll.
Fig. 5 is a front view of the delivery device.
Fig. 6 is a left side view of the delivery device.
Fig. 7 is a front view of the discharge device.
Fig. 8 is a left side view of the discharge device.
FIG. 9 is a front view of the intake vent of the plenum.
FIG. 10 is a top view of the wind outlet panel of the static pressure chamber.
The diagram in the figure is as follows: 1-a buffer room; 2-air inlet cover; 3-a first air duct; 4-bearing seats; 5-angle iron flange; 6-air outlet cover; 7-a second air duct; 11-a feed inlet; 12-a cache chamber box body; 13-a waste heat recovery pipe; 14-infrared radiation coating; 15-a feeding device; 16-a first sprocket; 17-a chain; 151-a vibrator; 152-a baffle; 153-feed roll; 1531-feed trough; 8-a drying chamber; 9-a second sprocket; 10-a fan; 18-first sprocket chain drive; 19-a first electric machine; 20-second sprocket chain transmission; 21-a frame; 22-a control system; 23-a second motor; 24-a discharge device; 25-a heat exchanger; 26-a heat source; 27-a third air duct; 81-a conveying device; 82-wind cover; 83-exhaust corner box; 84-drying chamber box; 28-static pressure chamber; 29-connecting rod; 30-a cam; 31-a discharge chamber; 32-knuckle bearings; 311-a discharge chamber side wall; 811-side press plate; 812-single-sided bent plate chain; 813-third sprocket; 814-a first arcuate bead; 815-short press strips; 816-long pressing strips; 817-a second arc-shaped bead; 818-axis; 819-iron plate conveyor belt; 820-a pin shaft; 821-earring; 822-mesh iron plate; 241-a slide block; 242-moving plate; 243-support seat; 244-optical axis; 281-an air inlet; 282-air outlet panel; 283-air outlet holes.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Example (b):
referring to fig. 1-10, the present invention provides a technical solution:
a bulk traditional Chinese medicinal material infrared radiation and hot air cooperative drying device comprises a rack 21, a cache chamber 1, a drying chamber 8, a discharging chamber 31, a static pressure chamber 28, a heat source 26, a heat exchanger 25, a fan 10 and a control system 22; the buffer chamber 1 consists of a buffer chamber box body 12, a waste heat recovery pipe 13 and a feeding device 15, the buffer chamber box body 12 is of a hollow structure, and the inner wall of the buffer chamber box body 12 and the outer surface of the waste heat recovery pipe 13 are respectively provided with an infrared radiation coating 14; the drying chamber 8 comprises a conveying device 81, an exhaust corner box 83, a drying chamber box 84 and a first motor 19; the heat source 26, the heat exchanger 25, the drying chamber 8, the fan 10 and the control system 22 are arranged on the frame 21; the control system 22 is respectively connected with the fan 10, the discharging device 24, the conveying device 81, the heat source 26 and the heat exchanger 25, and automatically controls the whole drying equipment.
The buffer chamber 1 is arranged right above the drying chamber 8 through an angle iron flange 5; the waste heat recovery pipe 13 in the buffer chamber 1 is a through pipe, is arranged in the buffer chamber 1 and is communicated with the buffer chamber box body 12; the air inlet cover 2 and the air outlet cover 6 are respectively arranged at two sides of the cache chamber box body 12; the feeding device 15 is arranged at the bottom of the buffer chamber 1 and mainly comprises a guide plate 152, a vibrator 151, a feeding roller 153 and a first chain wheel 16; the guide plate 152 is obliquely fixed inside the buffer chamber 1; the vibrator 151 is arranged on the lower side surface of the guide plate 152 to promote the traditional Chinese medicinal materials to smoothly flow downwards and enter a feeding groove 1531 designed on the surface of the feeding roller 153, wherein the feeding roller 153 is arranged on the cache chamber box body 12 through a bearing seat 4; the first chain wheel 16 is arranged at the end part of the feeding roller 153, is connected with the second chain wheel 9 through a chain 17, and transmits the power of the conveying device 81 to the feeding roller 153; in the working process, the feeding roller 153 rotates to continuously convey the materials in the feeding groove 1531 to the iron plate conveying belt 819 of the conveying device 81; the number of revolutions of the feeding roller 153 can be adjusted by changing the transmission ratio between the first chain wheel 16 and the second chain wheel 9, so that the stacking thickness of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials on the iron plate conveyor belt 819 can be effectively controlled.
The drying chamber 8 is installed on the frame 21, a plurality of exhaust corner boxes 83 in the drying chamber 8 are horizontally distributed at the top of the drying chamber 8, and exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust corner boxes 83 enters a fan housing 82 installed on a drying chamber box 84; the fan cover 82 is connected with the air inlet cover 2 through the first air pipe 3; in the drying chamber 8, a plurality of conveying devices 81 are vertically distributed along the longitudinal direction of a drying chamber box body 84, and the conveying devices 81 are fixed on the drying chamber box body 84 through bearing blocks 4; the conveying devices 81 transmit power through the second chain wheel chain transmission 20; the first motor 19 is arranged on the frame 21, and transmits power to the conveying device 81 by using the first chain wheel and chain transmission 18; all the conveying devices 81 can work synchronously under the driving of the first motor 19, and the Chinese medicinal materials fed into the drying chamber 8 by the feeding device 15 sequentially pass through all the conveying devices 81 from top to bottom.
The conveying device 81 comprises a side pressing plate 811, a single-side bent plate chain 812, a third chain wheel 813, a short pressing strip 815, a long pressing strip 816, a first arc-shaped pressing strip 814, a second arc-shaped pressing strip 817, an iron plate conveying belt 819 and a shaft 818; a third sprocket 813 is mounted on the shaft 818, and an iron plate conveyor belt 819 is wound on the third sprocket 813; the iron plate conveying belt 819 comprises a mesh iron plate 822 and a single-side bent plate chain 812, wherein the mesh iron plate 822 is connected with the single-side bent plate chain 812 through a pin shaft 820; one end of the pin 820 is fixed on the single-side bent plate chain 812, the other end of the pin is in clearance fit with the lug 821 on the mesh iron plate 822, and the lug 821 is welded at two ends of the mesh iron plate 822, so that the mesh iron plate 822 can turn around the pin; the short pressing strip 815, the long pressing strip 816, the first arc-shaped pressing strip 814 and the second arc-shaped pressing strip 817 are all arranged on the drying chamber box body 84 and pressed on the iron plate conveying belt 819 to keep a small gap, so that the mesh iron plate 822 is prevented from being turned over in the conveying process; in the working process, the third chain wheel 813 drives the iron plate conveying belt 819 to horizontally convey; when the mesh iron plate 822 is not pressed, the mesh iron plate is turned over and is changed from a horizontal state to a vertical state, the traditional Chinese medicinal materials on the mesh iron plate 822 fall onto the lower iron plate conveyor belt 819, so that the upper and lower iron plate conveyor belts 819 of the conveyor 81 can lay and dry the traditional Chinese medicinal materials.
The static pressure chamber 28 and the discharge chamber 31 are horizontally welded together and are arranged right below the drying chamber 8 through an angle iron flange 5; the dried Chinese medicinal materials flow out of the drying chamber 8 and enter the discharging chamber 31; the air outlet plate 282 of the static pressure chamber 28 is communicated with the drying chamber 8, and a plurality of fine air outlet holes 283 are designed on the air outlet plate 282 to ensure that the hot air drying medium entering the drying chamber 8 has uniform temperature and pressure.
The discharging device 24 is arranged at the bottom of the discharging chamber 31 and is connected with the side wall 311 of the discharging chamber; the discharging device 24 comprises a slider 241, a moving plate 242, a supporting seat 243 and an optical axis 244, wherein the moving plate 242 is fixed on the slider 241, the slider 241 is sleeved on the optical axis 244, the optical axis 244 is fixed on the supporting seat 243, and the supporting seat 243 is installed on the side wall 311 of the discharging chamber; two ends of the connecting rod 29 are respectively connected with the cam 30 and the moving plate 242 through joint bearings 32; the cam 30 is mounted on the second motor 23; under the driving of the second motor 23, the connecting rod 29 transmits the power to the moving plate 242 through the cam 30, the moving plate 242 reciprocates in the horizontal direction along the optical axis 244, and the Chinese medicinal materials in the discharging chamber 31 are discharged intermittently.
The heat source 26 is connected with the heat exchanger 25 through a third air pipe 27, and the heat exchanger 25 absorbs heat energy generated by the heat source 26; the heat exchanger 25 is connected with an air inlet 281 of the static pressure chamber 28 through a third air pipe 27; under the action of the fan 10, air enters the heat exchanger 25 to absorb heat generated by the heat source 26 and becomes hot air drying medium; the hot air drying medium enters the drying chamber 8 through the static pressure chamber 28, and sequentially passes through the iron plate conveyor belt 819 of each conveyor 81 and the traditional Chinese medicinal materials laid on the iron plate conveyor belt 819 from bottom to top from the bottom of the drying chamber 8, so that the moisture in the traditional Chinese medicinal materials is removed, and the drying purpose is realized; finally, the hot air drying medium becomes exhaust air which is discharged from the drying chamber 8 from the exhaust corner box 83.
The fan 10 is arranged on the frame 21 and is connected with the air outlet cover 6 through a second air pipe 7; under the action of the fan 10, the waste gas generated in the drying chamber 8 enters the buffer chamber box body 12 and the waste heat recovery pipe 13 through the exhaust angle box 83, the fan cover 82, the first air pipe 3 and the air inlet cover 2, and the waste heat in the waste gas is transferred to the infrared radiation coating 14 in a convection heat exchange manner; the infrared radiation coating 14 transfers the absorbed heat to the traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and performs infrared radiation drying on the traditional Chinese medicinal materials to excite the water activity in the traditional Chinese medicinal materials and improve the internal energy of water evaporation, so that the water continuously migrates to the surfaces of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and favorable conditions are created for the subsequent drying in the drying chamber 8; finally, the low-temperature waste gas is discharged to the atmosphere through the air outlet cover 6, the second air pipe 7 and the fan 10.
The drying steps and method of the invention are briefly as follows:
firstly, stopping the operation of the discharging device 24 through the control system 22, so that the discharging chamber 31 cannot discharge materials; chinese medicinal materials to be dried are fed into the dryer through the feed inlet 11, and meanwhile, the conveying device 81 and the feeding device 15 are started through the control system 22, so that the buffer chamber 1, the conveying device 81 and the discharge chamber 31 are filled with the Chinese medicinal materials;
secondly, setting parameters such as temperature, relative humidity and air volume of a drying medium, conveying speed of an iron plate conveying belt 819, unloading speed and the like by using a control system 22, starting a fan 10, an unloading device 24, a heat source 26 and a heat exchanger 25, and starting drying the traditional Chinese medicinal materials in a drying chamber; meanwhile, the dried Chinese medicinal materials are discharged from the discharging chamber 31;
thirdly, when the traditional Chinese medicine discharged from the discharging chamber 31 is dried for the first time and does not reach the target water content, the traditional Chinese medicine is fed into the dryer from the feeding hole 11 again for circulating drying until the target water content is reached; when the traditional Chinese medicinal materials discharged from the discharging chamber 31 can reach the target water content once, continuously supplementing the fresh traditional Chinese medicinal materials from the feeding hole, and continuously drying;
and fourthly, emptying the traditional Chinese medicinal materials in the dryer after drying is finished, and closing the fan 10, the heat source 26, the heat exchanger 25, the conveying device 81, the feeding device 15 and the discharging device 24 through the control system 22.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are preferred and not intended to limit the present invention, and that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. A bulk traditional Chinese medicinal material infrared radiation and hot air synergistic drying device comprises a rack (21), a cache chamber (1), a drying chamber (8), a discharging chamber (31), a static pressure chamber (28), a heat source (26), a heat exchanger (25), a fan (10) and a control system (22); the buffer chamber (1) consists of a buffer chamber box body (12), a waste heat recovery pipe (13) and a feeding device (15), the buffer chamber box body (12) is of a hollow structure, and infrared radiation coatings (14) are respectively arranged on the inner wall of the buffer chamber box body (12) and the outer surface of the waste heat recovery pipe (13); the drying chamber (8) comprises a conveying device (81), an exhaust corner box (83), a drying chamber box body (84) and a first motor (19); the heat source (26), the heat exchanger (25), the drying chamber (8), the fan (10) and the control system (22) are arranged on the frame (21); the control system (22) is respectively connected with the fan (10), the discharging device (24), the conveying device (81), the heat source (26) and the heat exchanger (25) and automatically controls the whole drying equipment.
2. The bulk traditional Chinese medicinal material infrared radiation and hot air coordinated drying equipment as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the buffer chamber (1) is arranged right above the drying chamber (8) through an angle iron flange (5); the waste heat recovery pipe (13) in the buffer chamber (1) is a through pipe, is arranged in the buffer chamber (1) and is communicated with the buffer chamber box body (12); the air inlet cover (2) and the air outlet cover (6) are respectively arranged at two sides of the cache chamber box body (12); the feeding device (15) is arranged at the bottom of the buffer chamber (1) and mainly comprises a guide plate (152), a vibrator (151), a feeding roller (153) and a first chain wheel (16); the guide plate (152) is obliquely fixed inside the buffer chamber (1); the vibrator (151) is arranged on the lower side surface of the guide plate (152) to promote the traditional Chinese medicinal materials to smoothly flow downwards and enter a feeding groove (1531) designed on the surface of the feeding roller (153), wherein the feeding roller (153) is arranged on the box body (12) of the buffer chamber through a bearing seat (4); the first chain wheel (16) is arranged at the end part of the feeding roller (153), is connected with the second chain wheel (9) through a chain (17), and transmits the power of the conveying device (81) to the feeding roller (153); in the working process, the feeding roller (153) rotates to continuously convey the materials in the feeding trough (1531) to an iron plate conveying belt (819) of the conveying device (81); the revolution of the feeding roller (153) can be adjusted by changing the transmission ratio between the first chain wheel (16) and the second chain wheel (9), so that the stacking thickness of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials on the iron plate conveying belt (819) can be effectively controlled.
3. The bulk traditional Chinese medicinal material infrared radiation and hot air coordinated drying equipment as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the drying chamber (8) is installed on the rack (21), a plurality of exhaust angle boxes (83) in the drying chamber (8) are horizontally distributed at the top of the drying chamber (8), and exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust angle boxes (83) enters a fan cover (82) installed on a drying chamber box body (84); the fan cover (82) is connected with the air inlet cover (2) through a first air pipe (3); in the drying chamber (8), a plurality of conveying devices (81) are vertically distributed along the longitudinal direction of a drying chamber box body (84), and the conveying devices (81) are fixed on the drying chamber box body (84) through bearing blocks (4); the conveying devices (81) transmit power through a second chain wheel and a chain (20); the first motor (19) is arranged on the frame (21) and transmits power to the conveying device (81) by utilizing the first chain wheel chain transmission (18); all the conveying devices (81) can synchronously work under the driving of the first motor (19), and the Chinese medicinal materials fed into the drying chamber (8) by the feeding device (15) sequentially pass through all the conveying devices (81) from top to bottom.
4. The bulk traditional Chinese medicinal material infrared radiation and hot air coordinated drying equipment as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the conveying device (81) comprises side pressing plates (811), a single-side bent plate chain (812), a third chain wheel (813), a short pressing strip (815), a long pressing strip (816), a first arc-shaped pressing strip (814), a second arc-shaped pressing strip (817), an iron plate conveying belt (819) and a shaft (818); a third chain wheel (813) is arranged on the shaft (818), and the iron plate conveying belt (819) is wound on the third chain wheel (813); the iron plate conveying belt (819) consists of a mesh iron plate (822) and a single-side bent plate chain (812), wherein the mesh iron plate (822) is connected with the single-side bent plate chain (812) through a pin shaft (820); one end of a pin shaft (820) is fixed on the unilateral bent plate chain (812), the other end of the pin shaft is in clearance fit with an ear ring (821) on the mesh iron plate (822), and the ear rings (821) are welded at two ends of the mesh iron plate (822), so that the mesh iron plate (822) can turn over around the pin shaft; the short pressing strip (815), the long pressing strip (816), the first arc-shaped pressing strip (814) and the second arc-shaped pressing strip (817) are all arranged on the drying chamber box body (84) and pressed on the iron plate conveying belt (819) to keep a tiny gap, so that the mesh iron plate (822) is prevented from being turned over in the conveying process; in the working process, the third chain wheel (813) drives the iron plate conveying belt (819) to horizontally convey; when the mesh iron plate (822) is not pressed, the mesh iron plate is turned over and is changed from a horizontal state to a vertical state, Chinese medicinal materials on the mesh iron plate (822) fall onto the iron plate conveying belt (819) below, and therefore the Chinese medicinal materials can be laid and dried by the upper and lower iron plate conveying belts (819) of the conveying device (81).
5. The bulk traditional Chinese medicinal material infrared radiation and hot air coordinated drying equipment as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the static pressure chamber (28) and the discharge chamber (31) are horizontally welded together and are arranged right below the drying chamber (8) through an angle iron flange (5); the dried Chinese medicinal materials flow out of the drying chamber (8) and enter a discharging chamber (31); an air outlet panel (282) of the static pressure chamber (28) is communicated with the drying chamber (8), and a plurality of fine air outlet holes (283) are designed on the air outlet panel (282) to ensure that a hot air drying medium entering the drying chamber (8) has uniform temperature and pressure.
6. The bulk traditional Chinese medicinal material infrared radiation and hot air coordinated drying equipment as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the discharging device (24) is arranged at the bottom of the discharging chamber (31) and is connected with the side wall (311) of the discharging chamber; the discharging device (24) comprises a slider (241), a moving plate (242), a supporting seat (243) and an optical axis (244), the moving plate (242) is fixed on the slider (241), the slider (241) is sleeved on the optical axis (244), the optical axis (244) is fixed on the supporting seat (243), and the supporting seat (243) is installed on the side wall (311) of the discharging chamber; two ends of the connecting rod (29) are respectively connected with the cam (30) and the moving plate (242) through joint bearings (32); the cam (30) is arranged on the second motor (23); under the drive of the second motor (23), the connecting rod (29) transmits power to the moving plate (242) through the cam (30), the moving plate (242) reciprocates in the horizontal direction along the optical axis (244), and the traditional Chinese medicinal materials in the unloading chamber (31) are discharged intermittently.
7. The bulk traditional Chinese medicinal material infrared radiation and hot air coordinated drying equipment as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the heat source (26) is connected with the heat exchanger (25) through a third air pipe (27), and the heat exchanger (25) absorbs heat energy generated by the heat source (26); the heat exchanger (25) is connected with an air inlet (281) of the static pressure chamber (28) through a third air pipe (27); under the action of the fan (10), air enters the heat exchanger (25) to absorb heat generated by the heat source (26) and becomes a hot air drying medium; the hot air drying medium enters the drying chamber (8) through the static pressure chamber (28), sequentially passes through the iron plate conveying belt (819) of each conveying device (81) and the traditional Chinese medicinal materials laid on the iron plate conveying belt (819) from bottom to top from the bottom of the drying chamber (8), removes moisture in the traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and achieves the drying purpose; finally, the hot air drying medium is changed into waste air and is discharged out of the drying chamber (8) from the exhaust angle box (83).
8. The bulk traditional Chinese medicinal material infrared radiation and hot air coordinated drying equipment as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the fan (10) is arranged on the rack (21) and is connected with the air outlet cover (6) through a second air pipe (7); under the action of a fan (10), waste gas generated in the drying chamber (8) enters the buffer chamber box body (12) and the waste heat recovery pipe (13) through the exhaust angle box (83), the fan cover (82), the first air pipe (3) and the air inlet cover (2), and waste heat in the waste gas is transferred to the infrared radiation coating (14) in a convection heat exchange mode; the infrared radiation coating (14) transfers the absorbed heat to the traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and performs infrared radiation drying on the traditional Chinese medicinal materials to excite the water activity in the traditional Chinese medicinal materials and improve the internal energy of water evaporation, so that the water continuously migrates to the surfaces of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and favorable conditions are created for the subsequent drying in the drying chamber (8); and finally, discharging the low-temperature waste gas into the atmosphere through the air outlet cover (6), the second air pipe (7) and the fan (10).
9. The infrared radiation and hot air cooperated bulk Chinese medicinal material drying method of the drying equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is characterized in that:
firstly, stopping the operation of a discharging device (24) through a control system (22) to ensure that a discharging chamber (31) cannot discharge materials; chinese medicinal materials to be dried are fed into a dryer through a feed inlet (11), and meanwhile, a conveying device (81) and a feeding device (15) are started through a control system (22), so that the cache chamber (1), the conveying device (81) and the discharging chamber (31) are filled with the Chinese medicinal materials;
secondly, setting parameters such as temperature, relative humidity and air quantity of a drying medium, conveying speed and discharging speed of an iron plate conveying belt (819) by using a control system (22), starting a fan (10), a discharging device (24), a heat source (26) and a heat exchanger (25) and starting drying the traditional Chinese medicinal materials in a drying chamber; meanwhile, the dried Chinese medicinal materials are discharged from a discharge chamber (31);
thirdly, when the traditional Chinese medicine discharged from the discharging chamber (31) is dried for the first time and does not reach the target water content, the traditional Chinese medicine is fed into the dryer from the feeding hole (11) again for cyclic drying until the target water content is reached; when the traditional Chinese medicinal materials discharged from the discharging chamber (31) can reach the target moisture content once, continuously supplementing the fresh traditional Chinese medicinal materials from the feed inlet, and continuously drying;
and fourthly, emptying the traditional Chinese medicinal materials in the dryer after drying is finished, and closing the fan (10), the heat source (26), the heat exchanger (25), the conveying device (81), the feeding device (15) and the discharging device (24) through the control system (22).
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| CN202110669928.9A CN113124670A (en) | 2021-06-17 | 2021-06-17 | Infrared radiation and hot air combined drying equipment and method for bulk traditional Chinese medicinal materials |
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| CN202110669928.9A CN113124670A (en) | 2021-06-17 | 2021-06-17 | Infrared radiation and hot air combined drying equipment and method for bulk traditional Chinese medicinal materials |
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Application publication date: 20210716 |