CN113122767A - Rare earth steel production method for preventing continuous casting nozzle from nodulation - Google Patents
Rare earth steel production method for preventing continuous casting nozzle from nodulation Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/18—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/072—Treatment with gases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/076—Use of slags or fluxes as treating agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of steelmaking, and relates to a method for producing rare earth steel capable of preventing nodulation at a continuous casting nozzle, which comprises the working procedures of electric arc furnace primary smelting, eccentric bottom tapping and deoxidation, slag skimming after the furnace, LF furnace slagging refining, RH vacuum refining, soft blowing treatment and continuous casting; in the primary smelting process of the electric arc furnace, the furnace burden is direct reduced iron and low-sulfur scrap steel, and the sulfur content in the steel at the end point of the electric arc furnace is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.006%; the eccentric bottom tapping technology is adopted, the slag discharging amount of tapping is reduced, simultaneously, deoxidation is carried out in the tapping process, and the oxygen content in the steel after deoxidation is less than or equal to 0.001 percent; a slag removing process after the furnace, which is used for removing slag formed in the tapping process of the electric arc furnace; adding premelted refining slag and lime into the LF refining furnace again for slagging and refining, controlling the sulfur content in steel at the refining end of the LF furnace to be less than or equal to 0.0020%, and controlling the oxygen content in the steel in the refining process of the LF furnace to be less than or equal to 0.001%; adding rare earth alloy in the RH vacuum refining process, and controlling the nitrogen content in the steel to be less than or equal to 0.003 percent in the process; in the continuous casting process, argon is adopted for sealing protection in the whole process, and the continuous casting nitrogen increasing amount is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.0003%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of steelmaking, and particularly relates to a production method of rare earth steel for preventing nodulation at a continuous casting nozzle.
Background
The role of rare earth elements in steel mainly includes the following aspects: modifying impurities in steel, refining crystal grains, purifying molten steel, microalloying, strengthening crystal boundary, influencing phase change process, improving final structure and the like. The rare earth can modify inclusions in steel, can change the forms of S (sulfur element) and O (oxygen element) inclusions, and improves the transverse plasticity of the material; the rare earth compound can provide a core of effective non-spontaneous nucleation or is eccentrically gathered on a crystallization interface to obstruct the growth of a crystal nucleus, so that a molten steel solidification structure can be refined, and the performance of the molten steel solidification structure is improved; the rare earth elements can react with harmful elements in the molten steel, such as S (sulfur element), O (oxygen element) and the like to generate compounds, and the compounds are discharged from the molten steel as inclusions, so that the aim of purifying the molten steel is fulfilled, and the like. However, the application of rare earth elements in steel still has some problems, and although rare earth can modify oxide and sulfide inclusions, namely rare earth oxysulfide is generated, the generated rare earth oxide, rare earth sulfide or rare earth oxysulfide is easy to adhere to the inner wall of a nozzle, so that the nozzle is nodulated, and the nozzle is further plugged. Moreover, rare earth elements in steel interact with aluminum-carbon nozzle refractory to generate rare earth aluminate which is used as a substrate for attaching inclusions, and the rare earth aluminate transferred from the molten steel is adhered and sintered on the substrate to cause nozzle nodulation and blockage, thereby influencing the quality of casting blanks. When the nozzle nodulation is serious, the pulling speed is reduced, the liquid level fluctuation of the crystallizer is large, so that the nozzle is blocked, the temperature of molten steel is low, the temperature of a remelting furnace is increased, and even the shutdown accident of a continuous casting machine can be caused. Therefore, the nozzle nodulation affects the quality of the continuous casting blank, affects the normal production flow, limits the continuous casting of multiple furnaces and increases the cost of the continuous casting blank.
At present, the research on the nozzle nodulation of the continuous casting tundish has already made a certain technical progress, but has some problems.
Chinese patent application No. 202010850319.9 discloses a method for suppressing the clogging of a molten rare earth steel pouring nozzle by using a pulse current. This patent inserts the electrode to the tombarthite molten steel in, applys pulse current to the electrode by power supply unit, intervenes the erosion reaction of mouth of a river inner wall and tombarthite molten steel interface through pulse current, promotes the mouth of a river inner wall and resists the corrosion of tombarthite molten steel to hinder inclusion adhesion mouth of a river inner wall in the molten steel. The position of the nozzle nodulation is uncertain when the rare earth steel is poured, so the method for inhibiting the rare earth molten steel pouring nozzle from being blocked has unstable effect and can not well inhibit the nozzle nodulation problem when the rare earth molten steel is poured. Meanwhile, the method is not easy to implement, and the produced anti-blocking effect of the water gap is not stable.
Chinese patent application No. 202010879836.9 discloses a method for preventing clogging of a rare earth steel continuous casting nozzle. According to the method, the position, easy to block, of the water gap and the stopper rod is heated, the temperature of the position is increased, the viscosity of rare earth inclusions is reduced, the flowability of the rare earth inclusions is improved, and the effects of improving the nodulation and blocking of the water gap are achieved. However, after the temperature of the nozzle and the stopper rod rises, the nozzle and the stopper rod are easy to chemically react with rare earth elements in steel, reaction products are easy to enrich in the nozzle and the stopper rod, and nozzle nodulation is caused, so that the nozzle and the stopper rod are difficult to apply to actual production.
Chinese patent application No. 201910839995.3 discloses a rare earth alloying method for avoiding the accretion of a continuous casting nozzle. The rare earth alloying method for avoiding the accretion at the continuous casting nozzle is realized by reducing the free sulfur content, the free oxygen content and the free nitrogen content in steel through a series of procedures of molten iron desulphurization pretreatment, converter smelting, converter tapping deoxidation, LF furnace refining, RH vacuum refining, soft blowing sedation, continuous casting and the like. However, the slag discharging during the steel tapping of the converter is serious, which has great influence on the purity of the molten steel, and if the slag discharging control of the converter is not good, the rare earth alloying method provided by the patent will have serious consequences, thereby influencing the yield of the rare earth elements and the purity of the molten steel.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a method for producing rare earth steel that prevents the clogging of a continuous casting nozzle. The method comprises the working procedures of electric arc furnace primary smelting, electric arc furnace eccentric bottom tapping and deoxidation, slag removal after the furnace, LF furnace slagging refining, RH vacuum refining, soft blowing treatment and continuous casting, and the specific steps are as follows:
(1) primary smelting of an electric arc furnace:
in the primary refining process of the electric arc furnace, furnace burden is direct reduced iron and low-sulfur scrap steel, and the sulfur content in the end steel of the electric arc furnace is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.006%; the sulfur content in the low-sulfur scrap steel is less than 0.01 percent;
(2) tapping and deoxidizing by an electric arc furnace, and slagging off after the furnace:
in the tapping process of the electric arc furnace, eccentric bottom tapping is adopted by the electric arc furnace, the slag discharging amount of the tapping is reduced, meanwhile, deoxidation is carried out in the tapping process, and after the tapping deoxidation, slag formed in the tapping process is removed at a slag removing station;
(3) slagging and refining in an LF (ladle furnace):
in the process of the LF refining furnace, after the steel ladle reaches the LF refining furnace, adding the calcium-aluminum premelted refining slag and lime again to refine the new slag;
wherein the mass of the added calcium-aluminum system premelted refining slag and lime is 6-8kg/t steel, wherein the mass ratio of the calcium-aluminum system premelted refining slag to the lime is 1: 1;
the content of FeO and MnO in the new slag is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.8 percent, and the alkalinity of the new slag is CaO/SiO24.0-6.0 percent, controlling the sulfur content in the steel at the end of LF furnace refining to be less than or equal to 0.0020 percent, and simultaneously requiring the LF furnace refining period to be more than or equal to 40 min. Controlling the oxygen content in steel to be less than or equal to 0.001% in the LF furnace refining process;
(4) RH vacuum refining:
in the RH vacuum refining process, when RH vacuum refining is carried out for 30min, a high-level bin is adopted to add the rare earth alloy, the nitrogen content in steel in the RH vacuum refining process is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.003%, after the rare earth alloy is added into an RH vacuum refining furnace, the RH vacuum circulation is more than or equal to 12min under the condition that the RH vacuum degree is less than or equal to 100Pa, and soft blowing treatment is carried out after RH is finished;
wherein the weight of the added rare earth alloy is 0.2-0.3kg/t steel, the weight percentage content of rare earth elements in the rare earth alloy is more than or equal to 90%, and the rare earth elements comprise at least one of the following elements: cerium and lanthanum.
(5) Carrying out soft blowing treatment by adopting high-purity argon; the soft blowing time is 15min, and the flow rate of the high-purity argon is 0.8-1.0NL/min t steel.
(6) And (3) continuous casting process:
in the continuous casting process, argon is adopted for whole-process sealing protection, the flow of the high-purity argon at the long water gap is 100-120NL/min, and the flow of the high-purity argon at the immersion water gap of the tundish is 3-5 NL/min; controlling the nitrogen increasing amount of continuous casting to be less than or equal to 0.0003 percent.
One or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
according to the rare earth steel production method for preventing the nodulation of the continuous casting nozzle, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the large-size rare earth oxysulfide formed in steel can be completely removed by controlling the process parameters of the procedures of electric arc furnace primary smelting, eccentric bottom tapping and deoxidation, slag removal after the furnace, LF furnace slagging refining, RH vacuum refining, soft blowing treatment and continuous casting in the rare earth steel smelting process, the nodulation of the rare earth oxysulfide at the nozzle is avoided, the nozzle blockage problem caused by the nodulation of the nozzle in the rare earth element-containing molten steel continuous casting process is solved, and the continuous casting of the rare earth element-containing molten steel is realized.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be specifically explained below with reference to specific embodiments and examples. Throughout the specification, unless otherwise specifically noted, terms used herein should be understood as having meanings as commonly used in the art.
Unless otherwise specifically stated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or can be prepared by existing methods.
In order to solve the technical problems, the general idea of the embodiment of the application is as follows:
the application provides a rare earth alloying method for avoiding nodulation at a continuous casting nozzle, which comprises the working procedures of electric arc furnace primary smelting, eccentric bottom tapping and deoxidation, slag skimming after a furnace, LF furnace slag forming refining, RH vacuum refining, soft blowing treatment and continuous casting.
This application electric arc furnace primary smelting process, the furnace charge is direct reduced iron + high-quality low sulphur scrap steel, and the sulphur content in control electric arc furnace terminal steel is less than or equal to 0.006%.
In the tapping process, an eccentric bottom tapping technology is adopted, the slag discharging amount of tapping is reduced, and simultaneously deoxidation is carried out in the tapping process, so that the oxygen content in steel after deoxidation is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.001%.
The application relates to a slag removing process behind a furnace, which removes slag formed in the tapping process of an electric arc furnace at a slag removing station.
In the LF refining furnace process, calcium-aluminum premelted refining slag and lime are added into the LF refining furnace again to refine new slag, the content of FeO and MnO in the new slag is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.8%, and the alkalinity of the new slag is CaO/SiO24.0-6.0, controlling the sulfur content in the steel at the refining end of the LF furnace to be less than or equal to 0.0020%, and adding 6-8kg/t of steel by mass of the calcium-aluminum system premelted refining slag and lime, wherein the mass ratio of the calcium-aluminum system premelted refining slag to the lime is 1: 1; meanwhile, the refining period of the LF furnace is required to be more than or equal to 40 min.
In the RH vacuum refining process, when RH vacuum refining is carried out for 30min, a high-level bin is adopted to add the rare earth alloy. After the rare earth alloy is added into an RH vacuum refining furnace, under the condition that the RH vacuum degree is less than or equal to 100Pa, the RH vacuum circulation is more than or equal to 12min, and meanwhile, the refining period of the RH furnace is required to be more than or equal to 35 min.
The rare earth alloy is added into steel with the mass of 0.2-0.3kg/t, and the weight percentage content of rare earth elements in the rare earth alloy is more than or equal to 90%.
The rare earth elements include at least one of: cerium and lanthanum.
In the soft blowing treatment, the soft blowing high-purity argon flow is 0.8-1.0NL/min t steel, and the soft blowing time is 15 min.
In the continuous casting process, the flow of the high-purity argon at the long nozzle is 100-120NL/min, and the flow of the high-purity argon at the immersion nozzle of the tundish is 3-5 NL/min.
In the continuous casting process, high-purity argon is adopted for whole-process sealing protection, and the continuous casting nitrogen increasing amount is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.0003%.
The following describes a method for producing rare earth steel for preventing the clogging of a continuous casting nozzle according to the present invention with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1
The steel grade is W2Mo9Cr4VCo8 high-speed steel, and the adopted process route is as follows: the method comprises the working procedures of electric arc furnace primary smelting, eccentric bottom tapping and deoxidation, furnace slag skimming, LF furnace slag making refining, RH vacuum refining, soft blowing treatment and continuous casting.
(1) And (3) controlling the sulfur content: the furnace charge of the electric arc furnace adopts direct reduced iron and high-quality low-sulfur scrap steel, and the sulfur content in the end steel of the electric arc furnace is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.006 percent. Adding calcium-aluminum premelted refining slag and lime into the LF refining furnace again to refine the new slag, controlling the content of FeO and MnO in the new slag to be less than or equal to 0.8 percent and controlling the alkalinity of the new slag to be CaO/SiO26.0, the adding mass of the calcium-aluminum system premelted refining slag and the lime is 7kg/t steel, and the sulfur content in the steel at the end of LF furnace refining is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.0020 percent.
(2) Controlling the oxygen content: the electric arc furnace adopts an eccentric bottom tapping technology, the slag discharging amount of tapping is reduced, aluminum is used for strengthening deoxidation in the tapping process, and the oxygen content in the deoxidized steel is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.001 percent; after the tapping of the electric arc furnace is finished, slag formed in the tapping process of the electric arc furnace is removed at a slag removing station; the refining period of the LF furnace is controlled to be 40min, and the oxygen content in the steel after the refining of the LF furnace is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.0003 percent.
(3) Adding rare earth: alloying by adopting lanthanum rare earth alloy, wherein the content of rare earth elements in the rare earth alloy is required to be more than or equal to 90 percent, and adding the rare earth alloy into a high-position storage bin after 30min of RH vacuum refining, wherein the adding amount is 0.25kg/t steel; after the rare earth alloy is added, the RH vacuum circulation time is controlled to be 10min under the condition that the RH vacuum degree is 100 Pa.
(4) Soft blowing treatment: and (3) after RH vacuum treatment, adopting a soft blowing process, wherein the soft blowing time is 15min, and the flow of high-purity argon is 0.8-1.0NL/min t steel.
(5) The continuous casting process comprises the following steps: protective casting is adopted in the continuous casting process, the long water gap in the casting process is sealed and protected by argon, and the flow of high-purity argon is 100 NL/min; the submerged nozzle of the tundish is protected by argon gas seal, the flow of high-purity argon gas is controlled at 5NL/min, and the nitrogen increase amount in the continuous casting process is controlled at 3 ppm.
The rare earth element-containing steel produced by the process can completely remove large-size rare earth oxysulfide formed in the steel, avoid the nodulation of the rare earth oxysulfide at a water gap, solve the problem of water gap blockage caused by the nodulation of the water gap in the continuous casting process of the rare earth element-containing steel, and realize the continuous casting of rare earth; the inclusions in the steel are controlled to be less than or equal to 1.0 grade according to the inspection standard GB/T10561-2005 and B, D types of inclusions, and the requirement of high cleanliness of steel grades is met.
Claims (6)
1. A production method of rare earth steel for preventing the nodulation of a continuous casting nozzle is characterized by comprising the working procedures of electric arc furnace primary smelting, electric arc furnace tapping and deoxidation, slag removal after the furnace, LF furnace slagging refining, RH vacuum refining, soft blowing treatment and continuous casting; the method comprises the following specific steps of;
(1) primary smelting of an electric arc furnace:
in the primary refining process of the electric arc furnace, furnace burden is direct reduced iron and low-sulfur scrap steel, and the sulfur content in the end steel of the electric arc furnace is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.006%;
(2) tapping and deoxidizing by an electric arc furnace, and slagging off after the furnace:
in the tapping process of the electric arc furnace, eccentric bottom tapping is adopted by the electric arc furnace, deoxidation is carried out in the tapping process, and after the tapping deoxidation, slag formed in the tapping process is removed at a slag removing station;
(3) slagging and refining in an LF (ladle furnace):
in the process of the LF refining furnace, after the steel ladle reaches the LF refining furnace, adding the calcium-aluminum premelted refining slag and lime again to refine the new slag;
(4) RH vacuum refining:
in the RH vacuum refining process, when RH vacuum refining is carried out for a certain time, a high-level bin is adopted to add the rare earth alloy, the nitrogen content in steel in the RH vacuum refining process is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.003 percent, after the rare earth alloy is added into an RH vacuum refining furnace, the RH vacuum circulation is more than or equal to 12min under the condition that the RH vacuum degree is less than or equal to 100Pa, and soft blowing treatment is carried out after RH is finished;
(5) carrying out soft blowing treatment by adopting high-purity argon;
(6) and (3) continuous casting process:
in the continuous casting process, inert gas is adopted for whole-process sealing protection, and the inert gas flow at a long water gap and the inert gas flow at a tundish immersion water gap are set in the continuous casting process; controlling the nitrogen increasing amount of continuous casting to be less than or equal to 0.0003 percent.
2. The method for producing rare earth steel for preventing clogging of a continuous casting nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the sulfur content in the low-sulfur scrap is < 0.01% in the primary smelting process of the electric arc furnace.
3. The method for producing rare earth steel for preventing accretion at a continuous casting nozzle according to claim 1, wherein in the LF refining furnace process, the mass of the calcium-aluminum system premelted refining slag and lime added is 6-8kg/t steel, wherein the mass ratio of the calcium-aluminum system premelted refining slag and lime is 1: 1;
the content of FeO and MnO in the new slag is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.8 percent, and the alkalinity of the new slag is CaO/SiO24.0-6.0 percent, controlling the sulfur content in the steel at the end of LF furnace refining to be less than or equal to 0.0020 percent, and simultaneously requiring the LF furnace refining period to be more than or equal to 40 min; controlling the oxygen content in the steel to be less than or equal to 0.001 percent in the LF furnace refining process.
4. The method for producing rare earth steel for preventing the nodulation of a continuous casting nozzle according to claim 1, wherein in the RH vacuum refining process, when the RH vacuum refining is carried out for 30min, the mass of the rare earth alloy is 0.2-0.3kg/t steel by adding the rare earth alloy through a high-position storage bin, the weight percentage content of the rare earth elements in the rare earth alloy is more than or equal to 90%, and the rare earth elements comprise at least one of the following elements: cerium and lanthanum.
5. The method for producing a rare earth steel for preventing clogging in a continuous casting nozzle according to claim 1, wherein in the soft blowing treatment step, the flow rate of the soft-blown high purity argon gas is 0.8 to 1.0 NL/min-t steel, and the soft blowing time is 15 min.
6. The method for producing a rare earth steel for preventing the clogging of a continuous casting nozzle as set forth in claim 1, wherein the inert gas is high purity argon gas in the continuous casting process, the flow rate of the high purity argon gas at the long nozzle is 100-120NL/min in the continuous casting process, and the flow rate of the high purity argon gas at the submerged nozzle of the tundish is 3-5 NL/min.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113800923A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-17 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Anti-caking material, submerged nozzle lining, submerged nozzle and preparation method thereof |
| CN114700470A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-07-05 | 钢铁研究总院有限公司 | Tundish covering agent for smelting rare earth steel and method for reducing rare earth loss |
| CN115401177A (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-11-29 | 首钢京唐钢铁联合有限责任公司 | Low-carbon steel continuous casting and rolling smelting method capable of avoiding blockage of stopper rod |
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| CN113800923A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-17 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Anti-caking material, submerged nozzle lining, submerged nozzle and preparation method thereof |
| CN114700470A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-07-05 | 钢铁研究总院有限公司 | Tundish covering agent for smelting rare earth steel and method for reducing rare earth loss |
| CN114700470B (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2023-11-28 | 钢铁研究总院有限公司 | Tundish covering agent for smelting rare earth steel and method for reducing rare earth loss |
| CN115401177A (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-11-29 | 首钢京唐钢铁联合有限责任公司 | Low-carbon steel continuous casting and rolling smelting method capable of avoiding blockage of stopper rod |
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