CN113121833B - Synthetic method of water-in-water emulsion drag reducer for fracturing - Google Patents
Synthetic method of water-in-water emulsion drag reducer for fracturing Download PDFInfo
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G81/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by interreacting polymers in the absence of monomers, e.g. block polymers
- C08G81/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by interreacting polymers in the absence of monomers, e.g. block polymers at least one of the polymers being obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/602—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation containing surfactants
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- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/62—Compositions for forming crevices or fractures
- C09K8/66—Compositions based on water or polar solvents
- C09K8/68—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/84—Compositions based on water or polar solvents
- C09K8/86—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds
- C09K8/88—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds macromolecular compounds
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- C09K2208/00—Aspects relating to compositions of drilling or well treatment fluids
- C09K2208/28—Friction or drag reducing additives
Abstract
The application discloses a method for synthesizing a water-in-water emulsion drag reducer for fracturing, and belongs to the technical field of drag reducers. The drag reducer is formed by polymerizing a first prepolymer, a second prepolymer and a third monomer, wherein the first prepolymer is formed by pre-polymerizing a vinyl monomer and a first monomer, and the second prepolymer is formed by pre-polymerizing an acryloyloxyethyl or acrylamide monomer and a second monomer. The water-in-water emulsion drag reducer disclosed by the invention is simple in synthesis method, can effectively reduce drag in saline water, and the polymerization of the first monomer, the second monomer and the third monomer can increase the hydrophobicity of the drag reducer, reduce the affinity between the drag reducer molecules and a reservoir and improve the yield of an oil-gas field.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to a method for synthesizing a water-in-water emulsion drag reducer for fracturing, belonging to the technical field of drag reducers.
Background
In recent years, as the oil and gas exploitation technology is increasingly mature, people can enhance oil discharge capacity and improve oil well yield through a fracturing technology along with reduction of productivity and permeability in oil well exploitation at present, a pressure technology is divided into hydraulic fracturing and high-energy gas fracturing, the hydraulic fracturing has become a preferred common technology for people due to the advantages of simple operation, obvious oil well yield increasing effect and the like, and particularly, the oil layer yield increasing effect with small oil flow channel, namely lower permeability is particularly outstanding. However, water has a large resistance when entering the formation, so that an auxiliary agent such as a drag reducer needs to be added to reduce the friction force between the fracturing fluid and the formation.
Due to the limited fresh water resources of the earth, people prefer to use brine as the fracturing fluid, but the drag reducer in the brine at present is limited in drag reduction effect, so that the ideal drag reduction effect can be achieved only by using a large amount of drag reducer, and the technical problems of environmental pollution, crack blockage and the like can be caused by using a large amount of drag reducer. The application relates to a synthesis method of a water-in-water drag reducer for fracturing, which can ensure that the obtained drag reducer keeps high drag reduction efficiency in saline water, thereby achieving the fracturing purpose by using a small amount of drag reducer in fracturing fluid, improving the yield of oil and gas fields and protecting the ecological environment.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the method for synthesizing the water-in-water emulsion drag reducer for fracturing is provided, and the drag reducer synthesized by the method can achieve higher drag reduction effect by using less amount in saline water.
The method for synthesizing the water-in-water emulsion drag reducer for fracturing is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
pre-polymerizing a vinyl monomer and a first monomer in a weight ratio of (1-5) to 1 to obtain a first prepolymer, wherein the polymerization degree is 2-10;
pre-polymerizing an acryloyloxyethyl or acrylamide monomer and a second monomer in a weight ratio of (2-25) to 1 to obtain a second prepolymer, wherein the polymerization degree is 5-20;
adding a third monomer into the first prepolymer, polymerizing for no more than 3 hours, and then adding a second prepolymer, and polymerizing for at least 2 hours to obtain a water-in-water emulsion drag reducer for fracturing;
the first monomer is any one or more of allyl alcohol polyether, allyl polyether and diallyl polyether; the second monomer is a diene fluorine-containing liquid crystal compound; the third monomer is any one or more of N-vinyl pyrrolidone, 2- (N-methacryloyloxy) ethyl pyrrolidone and 2- (N-acryloyloxy) ethyl pyrrolidone.
Optionally, the weight ratio of the first prepolymer to the second prepolymer to the third monomer is (10-70): (20-80): (1-20);
preferably, the weight ratio of the first prepolymer to the second prepolymer to the third monomer is 20: 45: 5.
optionally, the first monomer is a mixture of allyl alcohol polyether and allyl ether in a weight ratio of (2-15): 1;
preferably, the weight ratio of allyl alcohol polyether to allyl ether is 7:1, and the weight ratio of vinyl monomer to the mixture of allyl alcohol polyether and allyl ether is 4: 1;
more preferably, the allyl alcohol polyether is allyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, allyl alcohol polyoxypropylene ether;
the allyl polyether is any one or more of allyl polyoxyethylene methyl ether, allyl polyoxyethylene propyl ether, allyl polyoxyethylene epoxy ether, allyl polyoxyethylene acetate and allyl polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene acetate.
Optionally, the second monomer is any one or more of vinylcyclohexyl-2, 6-difluorobenzonitrile, propenylcyclohexyl fluorobenzonitrile, vinylcyclohexyl-2-fluorobenzonitrile, 3, 4-difluorophenylbicyclohexylbutene, 3, 4-difluorophenylbicyclohexylethylene;
preferably, the second monomer is a mixture of vinylcyclohexyl-2, 6-difluorobenzonitrile and propenyl cyclohexyl fluorobenzonitrile, and the weight ratio of the vinylcyclohexyl-2, 6-difluorobenzonitrile and the propenyl cyclohexyl fluorobenzonitrile is 1: (3-7);
more preferably, the weight ratio of the vinylcyclohexyl-2, 6-difluorobenzonitrile to the propenyl cyclohexyl fluorobenzonitrile is 1: 5, the weight ratio of the acryloyloxyethyl or acrylamide-based monomer to the mixture of the vinylcyclohexyl-2, 6-difluorobenzonitrile and the propenyl cyclohexyl o-fluorobenzonitrile is 17: 1.
optionally, the third monomer is a mixture of 2- (N-methacryloyloxy) ethyl pyrrolidone and 2- (N-acryloyloxy) ethyl pyrrolidone, and the weight ratio of 2- (N-methacryloyloxy) ethyl pyrrolidone to 2- (N-acryloyloxy) ethyl pyrrolidone is (4-9): 1;
preferably, the weight ratio of the 2- (N-methacryloyloxy) ethylpyrrolidone and the 2- (N-acryloyloxy) ethylpyrrolidone is 5: 1.
Optionally, dissolving a vinyl monomer, a first monomer, an emulsifier, an initiator, inorganic salt and a dispersant in deionized water, stirring uniformly, introducing nitrogen, heating to 70-90 ℃, and reacting for 2-7 hours to obtain a first prepolymer;
the weight portion of the total monomer is 25 to 30 percent, the emulsifier is 2 to 5 percent, the initiator is 0.4 to 0.6 percent, the inorganic salt is 7 to 20 percent, the dispersant is 0.1 to 5.0 percent, and the rest is deionized water;
preferably, the temperature is increased to 80-90 ℃, and the first prepolymer is obtained after the reaction is carried out for 2-4 hours;
more preferably, the temperature is raised to 85 ℃, and the first prepolymer is obtained after reaction for 3 hours.
Optionally, dissolving an acryloyloxyethyl or acrylamide monomer, a second monomer, a mutual solvent, an initiator, an emulsifier, an inorganic salt and a dispersing agent into deionized water, adjusting the pH to be 7.5-8.5, introducing nitrogen, heating to 40-60 ℃, and reacting for 1-4 hours to obtain a second prepolymer;
according to the weight portion, the total monomer content is 30-35%, the mutual solvent content is 5-20%, the initiator content is 0.3-0.7%, the emulsifier content is 2-5%, the inorganic salt content is 7-20%, the dispersant content is 0.1-5.0%, and the balance is deionized water;
preferably, adjusting the pH to be 8.0-8.5, introducing nitrogen, heating to 50-60 ℃, and reacting for 1-3 hours to obtain a second prepolymer;
more preferably, the pH =8.5 is adjusted, nitrogen is introduced, the temperature is raised to 55 ℃, and the reaction is performed for 2.5 hours to obtain the second prepolymer.
Optionally, adding a third monomer and an initiator into the first prepolymer, reacting at 50-80 ℃ for 1-3 hours, then adding a second prepolymer and a chain transfer agent, and continuing to react for 2-4 hours to obtain the water-in-water emulsion drag reducer for fracturing;
according to the parts by weight, the content of the initiator is 0.3-0.7%, and the content of the chain transfer agent is 0.01-0.05%;
preferably, a third monomer and an initiator are added into the first prepolymer, the mixture reacts for 1 to 2 hours at the temperature of between 60 and 70 ℃, then a second prepolymer and a chain transfer agent are added, and the reaction is continued for 2 to 3 hours to obtain the water-in-water emulsion drag reducer for fracturing;
more preferably, a third monomer and an initiator are added into the first prepolymer to react for 2 hours at 65 ℃, and then a second prepolymer and a chain transfer agent are added to continue to react for 2 hours to obtain the water-in-water emulsion drag reducer for fracturing.
Optionally, the vinyl monomer is any one or more of propylene, butene, butadiene, pentene, pentadiene, hexene, hexadiene, heptene, heptadiene, styrene, vinyl acetate, vinyl alcohol, ethylene-vinyl acetate;
the acryloyloxyethyl or acrylamide-based monomer is any one or more of acrylamide, acryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, acryloyloxyethyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, methacryloyloxyethyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, acrylamido propyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sodium sulfonate and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane potassium sulfonate;
preferably, the vinyl monomer is a mixture of heptene and vinyl acetate, and the weight ratio is (1-4): 1; the acrylamide-based monomer is acrylamide;
preferably, the weight ratio of heptene to vinyl acetate is 2: 1.
Optionally, the emulsifier is any one or more of sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, Span80 and Tween 80;
the initiator is any one or more of azo initiators, peroxysulfuric initiators or peroxy initiators;
the inorganic salt is any one or more of sodium chloride, ammonium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium sulfate, potassium nitrate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bisulfite and sodium sulfite;
the mutual solvent is any one or more of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide;
the dispersing agent is one or more of sodium polyacrylate, potassium polyacrylate, polyhydroxystyrene, polyvinyl acetate, poly-2-hydroxypropyl acrylate, poly-2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, polyethoxylated-2-hydroxyethyl acrylate and polyethoxylated-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate;
the chain transfer agent is sodium formate.
Benefits of the present application include, but are not limited to:
1. the drag reducer prepared by the synthesis method of the water-in-water emulsion drag reducer for fracturing can achieve a higher drag reduction effect by using less amount in saline water, so that the drag reducer can be used in saline water fracturing fluid, fresh water resources are saved, the amount is less, and environmental pollution is avoided.
2. According to the synthesis method of the water-in-water emulsion drag reducer, the raw materials are low in toxicity, pollution is avoided, the synthesis method is simple, the synthesis process is divided into three steps, partial monomers are polymerized in advance and then polymerized, and the synthesized drag reducer is good in drag reduction effect.
3. According to the first prepolymer obtained by synthesis, long-chain side groups contained in the vinyl monomer are used as hydrophobic groups, the hydrophobic groups can reduce intermolecular hydrogen bonding, for the drag reducer, the hydrogen bonding energy and an oil and gas field reservoir stratum generate affinity, and when the drag reducer is used for fracturing, high reservoir stratum damage and oil and gas pipeline blockage can be caused, so that the yield is reduced. The long-chain side group of the vinyl monomer is used for reducing the hydrogen bond acting force among molecules, reducing the affinity with a reservoir, preventing the reservoir from damaging and blocking a pipeline and improving the yield.
4. According to the first prepolymer obtained by synthesis, the side group in the polyether of the first monomer can form hydrophobic association in saline water, so that the viscosity of the drag reducer has the shear thinning characteristic during dynamic fracturing, the viscosity of a fracturing liquid system is reduced, and the thickness of an action layer of the drag reducer in the fracturing liquid can be increased by the polyether side group of the first monomer due to the hydrophobic association effect, so that the friction force of the fracturing liquid is reduced, and the drag reduction can be effectively realized.
5. According to the second prepolymer synthesized by the method, the acryloyloxyethyl or acrylamide-based monomer is used as a main reaction monomer and plays a role of a polymer skeleton, and the acryloyloxyethyl or acrylamide-based monomer is used as a water-soluble monomer, so that the synthesis process is simple, the operation is easy, and the performance of the drag reducer can be stabilized.
6. According to the second prepolymer synthesized by the method, the second monomer is diene fluorine-containing liquid crystal, firstly, the liquid crystal can enable the drag reducer to have a lubricating effect, the resistance of fracturing fluid and a stratum is further reduced, the drag reduction efficiency is improved, secondly, the introduction of a fluorine-containing group into a drag reducer chain can reduce the affinity of the drag reducer and a reservoir, further reduce the residue of the drag reducer, prevent an oil and gas pipeline from being blocked, protect the reservoir from being damaged, and improve the yield of a fractured oil and gas field.
7. The third monomer used in the application contains pyrrolidone groups, has strong rigidity, no corrosion and low toxicity, makes molecular chain arrangement more regular, and can be inevitably influenced by acting force in a very quick transmission process when the drag reducer is applied to fracturing, so that the chemical stability of the drag reducer can be improved by the third monomer, and particularly the stability of the drag reducer in saline water is improved.
8. The vinyl monomer, the first monomer, the second monomer and the third monomer are matched with each other to improve the salt resistance of the drag reducer, and the raw materials and the proportion of the monomers and the proportion of the first prepolymer, the second prepolymer and the third monomer can ensure that the drag reducer has the salt resistance while the polymer is polymerized efficiently, so that the drag reducer keeps high drag reduction efficiency in salt water.
9. The synthetic method of the drag reducer has simple synthetic steps and easily obtained monomer raw materials, and the prepared drag reducer can be directly applied to the exploitation fracturing fluid of oil and gas fields.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in detail with reference to examples, but the present application is not limited to these examples.
The raw materials and various auxiliaries in the examples of the present application were all purchased commercially, unless otherwise specified.
The analysis method in the examples of the present application is as follows:
the obtained drag reducer is dissolved in fresh water and salt water to measure the dissolution speed and drag reduction rate, wherein the concentration of the salt water is 3.5 percent, the concentration is close to the concentration of salt in the sea water, the dissolution speed is the time for measuring the dissolution of the high polymer in the solution, and the drag reduction rate is determined by the following method:
0.1wt% drag reducing agent was dissolved in 99.9wt% fresh or salt water and the solution was tested for pressure differential changes with flow rate in a 5 meter long stainless steel round tube with an inner diameter of 1/2 inches.
The drag reduction ratio DR is obtained from the pressure difference data as follows:
in the formula: Δ P is the pressure differential, KPa, of the formulated drag reducing agent fluid as it passes through the test line; Δ Ps is the pressure differential, KPa, when clean water passes through the test pipe.
And carrying out infrared spectrum analysis on the drag reducer by using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, and testing and analyzing the obtained drag reducer by adopting an attenuated total reflection mode at room temperature.
Example 1
(1) Respectively weighing 160.0g of heptene, 80.0g of vinyl acetate, 52.5g of allyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and 7.5g of allyl polyoxyethylene methyl ether, dissolving in 475g of deionized water, heating to 85 ℃, adding 40.0g of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 5.0g of azodiisobutyronitrile, 150.0g of sodium chloride and 30.0g of sodium polyacrylate, and stirring for reaction for 3 hours to obtain a first prepolymer;
(2) respectively weighing 170.0g of acrylamide, 1.7g of vinyl cyclohexyl-2, 6-difluorobenzonitrile and 8.3g of propenyl cyclohexyl o-fluorobenzonitrile, dissolving in 42g of dimethyl sulfoxide, and uniformly stirring to obtain a first component; then, 18.0g of span80, 3.0g of potassium persulfate, 108g of potassium chloride and 6.0g of potassium polyacrylate are weighed and dissolved in 243.0g of deionized water to obtain a second component, the second component is slowly added into the first component, after uniform stirring, the pH is adjusted to be =8.5, and the temperature is raised to 55 ℃ for reaction for 2.5 hours to obtain a second prepolymer;
(3) weighing 200.0g of first prepolymer, cooling to 65 ℃, adding a mixture of 2- (N-methacryloyloxy) ethyl pyrrolidone, 8.3g of 2- (N-acryloyloxy) ethyl pyrrolidone and 2.1g of dibenzoyl peroxide, and uniformly stirring for reaction for 2 hours; then adding 450.0g of second prepolymer and 0.2g of sodium methoxide, and continuously stirring for reaction for 2 hours to obtain the fracturing water-in-water emulsion drag reducer 1 #.
Example 2
(1) Respectively weighing 108.0g of heptene, 27.0g of vinyl acetate, 90.0g of allyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and 45.0g of allyl polyoxyethylene methyl ether, dissolving in 475g of deionized water, heating to 90 ℃, adding 50.0g of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 4.0g of azodiisobutyronitrile, 200.0g of sodium chloride and 1.0g of sodium polyacrylate, and stirring for reaction for 2 hours to obtain a first prepolymer;
step (2) and step (3) were performed in the same manner as in example 1 to obtain drag reducer # 2.
Example 3
(1) Respectively weighing 104.2g of heptene, 104.2g of vinyl acetate, 39.1g of allyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and 2.6g of allyl polyoxyethylene methyl ether, dissolving in 604g of deionized water, heating to 70 ℃, adding 20.0g of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 6.0g of azodiisobutyronitrile, 70.0g of sodium chloride and 50.0g of sodium polyacrylate, and stirring for reaction for 2 hours to obtain a first prepolymer;
step (2) and step (3) were performed in the same manner as in example 1 to obtain drag reducer # 3.
Example 4
(1) Respectively weighing 160.0g of styrene, 80.0g of vinyl acetate, 52.5g of allyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and 7.5g of allyl polyoxyethylene methyl ether, dissolving in 475g of deionized water, heating to 85 ℃, adding 40.0g of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 5.0g of azodiisobutyronitrile, 150.0g of sodium chloride and 30.0g of sodium polyacrylate, and stirring for reaction for 3 hours to obtain a first prepolymer;
step (2) and step (3) were performed in the same manner as in example 1 to obtain drag reducer # 4.
Example 5
(1) Same as example 1;
(2) 200.0g of acrylamide, 25.0g of vinyl cyclohexyl-2, 6-difluorobenzonitrile and 75.0g of propenyl cyclohexyl o-fluorobenzonitrile are respectively weighed and dissolved in 50.0g of dimethyl sulfoxide, and the first component is obtained by uniformly stirring; then 50.0g of span80, 3.0g of potassium persulfate, 200g of potassium chloride and 1.0g of potassium polyacrylate are weighed and dissolved in 396.0g of deionized water to obtain a second component, the second component is slowly added into the first component, after uniform stirring, the pH is adjusted to be =8.5, and the temperature is raised to 40 ℃ for reaction for 4 hours to obtain a second prepolymer;
(3) drag reducer # 5 was prepared in the same manner as in example 1.
Example 6
(1) Same as example 1;
(2) 336.5.0g of acrylamide, 1.7g of vinyl cyclohexyl-2, 6-difluorobenzonitrile and 11.8g of propenyl cyclohexyl o-fluorobenzonitrile are respectively weighed and dissolved in 200g of dimethyl sulfoxide, and the first component is obtained after uniform stirring; then, 20.0g of span80, 7.0g of potassium persulfate, 70.0g of potassium chloride and 50.0g of potassium polyacrylate are weighed and dissolved in 303.0g of deionized water to obtain a second component, the second component is slowly added into the first component, after uniform stirring, the pH is adjusted to be =7.5, and the temperature is raised to 60 ℃ for reaction for 1 hour to obtain a second prepolymer;
(3) drag reducer # 6 was prepared in the same manner as in example 1.
Example 7
(1) Same as example 1;
(2) respectively weighing 170.0g of acryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, 1.7g of vinyl cyclohexyl-2, 6-difluorobenzonitrile and 8.3g of propenyl cyclohexyl o-fluorobenzonitrile, dissolving in 42g of dimethyl sulfoxide, and uniformly stirring to obtain a first component; then, 18.0g of span80, 3.0g of potassium persulfate, 108g of potassium chloride and 6.0g of potassium polyacrylate are weighed and dissolved in 243.0g of deionized water to obtain a second component, the second component is slowly added into the first component, after uniform stirring, the pH is adjusted to be =8.5, and the temperature is raised to 55 ℃ for reaction for 2.5 hours to obtain a second prepolymer;
(3) drag reducer # 7 was prepared in the same manner as in example 1.
Example 8
The steps (1) and (2) are the same as in example 1;
(3) weighing 100.0g of first prepolymer, cooling to 50 ℃, adding 160.0g of 2- (N-methacryloyloxy) ethyl pyrrolidone, 40.0g of a mixture of 2- (N-acryloyloxy) ethyl pyrrolidone and 5.6g of dibenzoyl peroxide, and uniformly stirring for reacting for 1 hour; and then adding 500.0g of second prepolymer and 0.1g of sodium formate, and continuously stirring for reacting for 4 hours to obtain the water-in-water emulsion drag reducer for fracturing, thus obtaining the drag reducer 8 #.
Example 9
The steps (1) and (2) are the same as in example 1;
(3) weighing 700.0g of first prepolymer, cooling to 80 ℃, adding a mixture of 2- (N-methacryloyloxy) ethyl pyrrolidone, 1.0g of 2- (N-acryloyloxy) ethyl pyrrolidone and 2.7g of dibenzoyl peroxide, and uniformly stirring for reaction for 3 hours; and then adding 200.0g of second prepolymer and 0.5g of sodium formate, and continuously stirring for reaction for 4 hours to obtain the water-in-water emulsion drag reducer for fracturing, thus obtaining the drag reducer 9 #.
Comparative example 1
The difference from the example 1 is that the mass ratio of the allyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether to the allyl polyoxyethylene methyl ether in the first monomer in the step (1) is 1:1, and the specific steps are as follows:
(1) respectively weighing 160.0g of heptene, 80.0g of vinyl acetate, 30.0g of allyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and 30.0g of allyl polyoxyethylene methyl ether, dissolving in 475.0g of deionized water, heating to 85 ℃, adding 40.0g of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 5.0g of azobisisobutyronitrile, 150.0g of sodium chloride and 30.0g of sodium polyacrylate, and stirring for reaction for 3 hours to obtain a first prepolymer;
step (2) and step (3) were performed in the same manner as in example 1 to obtain drag reducer D1 #.
Comparative example 2
The difference from the example 1 is that the mass ratio of the allyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether to the allyl polyoxyethylene methyl ether in the first monomer in the step (1) is 19:1, and the specific steps are as follows:
(1) respectively weighing 160.0g of heptene, 80.0g of vinyl acetate, 57.0g of allyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and 3.0g of allyl polyoxyethylene methyl ether, dissolving in 475g of deionized water, heating to 85 ℃, adding 40.0g of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 5.0g of azodiisobutyronitrile, 150.0g of sodium chloride and 30.0g of sodium polyacrylate, and stirring for reaction for 3 hours to obtain a first prepolymer;
step (2) and step (3) were performed in the same manner as in example 1 to obtain drag reducer D2 #.
Comparative example 3
The difference from the example 1 is that the mass ratio of the vinyl monomer to the first monomer in the step (1) is 7:1, and the specific steps are as follows:
(1) respectively weighing 175.0g of heptene, 87.5g of vinyl acetate, 32.8g of allyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and 4.7g of allyl polyoxyethylene methyl ether, dissolving in 475g of deionized water, heating to 85 ℃, adding 40.0g of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 5.0g of azodiisobutyronitrile, 150.0g of sodium chloride and 30.0g of sodium polyacrylate, and stirring for reaction for 3 hours to obtain a first prepolymer;
step (2) and step (3) were performed in the same manner as in example 1 to obtain drag reducer D3 #.
Comparative example 4
The difference from the example 1 is that the mass ratio of the vinyl monomer to the first monomer in the step (1) is 1:2, and the specific steps are as follows:
(1) respectively weighing 66.7g of heptene, 33.3g of vinyl acetate, 175.0g of allyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and 25.0g of allyl polyoxyethylene methyl ether, dissolving in 475g of deionized water, heating to 85 ℃, adding 40.0g of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 5.0g of azodiisobutyronitrile, 150.0g of sodium chloride and 30.0g of sodium polyacrylate, and stirring for reaction for 3 hours to obtain a first prepolymer;
step (2) and step (3) were performed in the same manner as in example 1 to obtain drag reducer D4 #.
Comparative example 5
The difference from the example 1 is that the mass ratio of the acrylamide-based monomer to the second monomer in the step (2) is 29:1, and the specific steps are as follows:
(1) same as example 1;
(2) 290.0g of acrylamide, 1.7g of vinyl cyclohexyl-2, 6-difluorobenzonitrile and 8.3g of propenyl cyclohexyl o-fluorobenzonitrile are respectively weighed and dissolved in 70.0g of dimethyl sulfoxide, and the first component is obtained by uniformly stirring; then 30.0g of span80, 5.0g of potassium persulfate, 180g of potassium chloride and 10.0g of potassium polyacrylate are weighed and dissolved in 405.0g of deionized water to obtain a second component, the second component is slowly added into the first component, after uniform stirring, the pH is adjusted to be =8.5, and the temperature is raised to 55 ℃ for reaction for 2.5 hours to obtain a second prepolymer;
step (3) was performed in the same manner as in example 1 to obtain drag reducer D5 #.
Comparative example 6
The difference from the example 1 is that the mass ratio of the acrylamide-based monomer to the second monomer in the step (2) is 1:1, and the specific steps are as follows:
(1) same as example 1;
(2) respectively weighing 150.0g of acrylamide, 25.0g of vinyl cyclohexyl-2, 6-difluorobenzonitrile and 125.0g of propenyl cyclohexyl o-fluorobenzonitrile, dissolving in 70.0g of dimethyl sulfoxide, and uniformly stirring to obtain a first component; then 30.0g of span80, 5.0g of potassium persulfate, 180g of potassium chloride and 10.0g of potassium polyacrylate are weighed and dissolved in 405.0g of deionized water to obtain a second component, the second component is slowly added into the first component, after uniform stirring, the pH is adjusted to be =8.5, and the temperature is raised to 55 ℃ for reaction for 2.5 hours to obtain a second prepolymer;
step (3) was performed in the same manner as in example 1 to obtain drag reducer D6 #.
Comparative example 7
The difference from example 1 is that in step (3), the first prepolymer and the third monomer are stirred to react for 2 hours, and then the second prepolymer is added to react for 1 hour after polymerization, and the specific steps are as follows:
the steps (1) and (2) are the same as in example 1;
(3) weighing 200.0g of first prepolymer, cooling to 65 ℃, adding a mixture of 2- (N-methacryloyloxy) ethyl pyrrolidone, 8.3g of 2- (N-acryloyloxy) ethyl pyrrolidone and 2.1g of dibenzoyl peroxide, and uniformly stirring for reaction for 2 hours; and then adding 450.0g of second prepolymer and 0.2g of sodium formate, and continuously stirring for reaction for 1h to obtain the water-in-water emulsion drag reducer for fracturing, thus obtaining the drag reducer D7 #.
Comparative example 8
The difference from example 1 is that the mass ratio of 2- (N-methacryloyloxy) ethyl pyrrolidone to 2- (N-acryloyloxy) ethyl pyrrolidone in the third monomer in step (3) is 1:1, and the specific steps are as follows:
the steps (1) and (2) are the same as in example 1;
(3) weighing 200.0g of first prepolymer, cooling to 65 ℃, adding a mixture of 2- (N-methacryloyloxy) ethyl pyrrolidone, 2- (N-acryloyloxy) ethyl pyrrolidone and 2.1g of dibenzoyl peroxide, and uniformly stirring for reaction for 2 hours; and then adding 450.0g of second prepolymer and 0.2g of sodium formate, and continuously stirring for reaction for 2 hours to obtain the drag reducer of the water-in-water emulsion for fracturing, thus obtaining the drag reducer D8 #.
Comparative example 9
The difference from the example 1 is that the mass ratio of the 2- (N-methacryloyloxy) ethyl pyrrolidone to the 2- (N-acryloyloxy) ethyl pyrrolidone in the third monomer in the step (3) is 12:1, and the specific steps are as follows:
the steps (1) and (2) are the same as in example 1;
(3) weighing 200.0g of first prepolymer, cooling to 65 ℃, adding a mixture of 2- (N-methacryloyloxy) ethyl pyrrolidone, 3.8g of 2- (N-acryloyloxy) ethyl pyrrolidone and 2.1g of dibenzoyl peroxide, and uniformly stirring for reaction for 2 hours; and then adding 450.0g of second prepolymer and 0.2g of sodium formate, and continuously stirring for reaction for 2 hours to obtain the drag reducer of the water-in-water emulsion for fracturing, thus obtaining the drag reducer D9 #.
Comparative example 10
The difference from the example 1 is that in the step (3), the mass ratio of the first prepolymer to the second prepolymer to the third monomer is 5: 45: 5; the method comprises the following specific steps:
the steps (1) and (2) are the same as in example 1;
(3) weighing 50.0g of first prepolymer, cooling to 65 ℃, adding a mixture of 2- (N-methacryloyloxy) ethyl pyrrolidone, 8.3g of 2- (N-acryloyloxy) ethyl pyrrolidone and 1.7g of dibenzoyl peroxide, and uniformly stirring for reaction for 2 hours; and then adding 450.0g of second prepolymer and 0.2g of sodium formate, and continuously stirring for reaction for 2 hours to obtain the drag reducer of the water-in-water emulsion for fracturing, thus obtaining the drag reducer D10 #.
Comparative example 11
The difference from the example 1 is that the mass ratio of the first prepolymer, the second prepolymer and the third monomer in the step (3) is 20: 10: 5; the method comprises the following specific steps:
the steps (1) and (2) are the same as in example 1;
(3) weighing 200.0g of first prepolymer, cooling to 65 ℃, adding a mixture of 2- (N-methacryloyloxy) ethyl pyrrolidone, 8.3g of 2- (N-acryloyloxy) ethyl pyrrolidone and 1.0g of dibenzoyl peroxide, and uniformly stirring for reaction for 2 hours; and then adding 100.0g of second prepolymer and 0.1g of sodium formate, and continuously stirring for reaction for 2 hours to obtain the drag reducer of the water-in-water emulsion for fracturing, thus obtaining the drag reducer D11 #.
Comparative example 12
The difference from example 1 is that the propenylpolyoxyethylene ether and propenylpolyoxyethylene methyl ether in step (1) are replaced by ethylene; the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) respectively weighing 160.0g of heptene, 80.0g of vinyl acetate and 60.0g of ethylene, dissolving in 475g of deionized water, heating to 85 ℃, adding 40.0g of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 5.0g of azodiisobutyronitrile, 150.0g of sodium chloride and 30.0g of sodium polyacrylate, and stirring for reaction for 3 hours to obtain a first prepolymer;
(2) (3) drag reducer D12# was prepared in the same manner as in example 1.
Comparative example 13
The difference from example 1 is that in step (2), vinylcyclohexyl-2, 6-difluorobenzonitrile and propenylcyclohexyl fluorobenzonitrile are replaced by vinyl isobutyl ether, and the specific steps are as follows:
(1) same as example 1;
(2) respectively weighing 170.0g of acrylamide and 10.0g of vinyl isobutyl ether, dissolving in 42g of dimethyl sulfoxide, and uniformly stirring to obtain a first component; then, 18.0g of span80, 3.0g of potassium persulfate, 108g of potassium chloride and 6.0g of potassium polyacrylate are weighed and dissolved in 243.0g of deionized water to obtain a second component, the second component is slowly added into the first component, after uniform stirring, the pH is adjusted to be =8.5, and the temperature is raised to 55 ℃ for reaction for 2.5 hours to obtain a second prepolymer;
(3) drag reducer D13# was prepared in the same manner as in example 1.
Comparative example 14
The difference from example 1 is that in step (3), vinylcyclohexane is used instead of 2- (N-methacryloyloxy) ethylpyrrolidone and 2- (N-acryloyloxy) ethylpyrrolidone, and the specific steps are as follows:
(1) (2) same as example 1;
(3) weighing 200.0g of first prepolymer, cooling to 65 ℃, adding 50.0g of vinyl cyclohexane and 2.1g of dibenzoyl peroxide, and uniformly stirring for reaction for 2 hours; and then adding 450.0g of second prepolymer and 0.2g of sodium formate, and continuously stirring for reaction for 2 hours to obtain the drag reducer of the water-in-water emulsion for fracturing, thus obtaining the drag reducer D14 #.
Comparative example 15
The difference from example 1 is that all monomers and auxiliaries are polymerized together, the specific steps are as follows:
32.0g of heptene, 16.0g of vinyl acetate, 10.5g of allyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 1.5g of allyl polyoxyethylene methyl ether, 127.5g of acrylamide, 1.3g of vinylcyclohexyl-2, 6-difluorobenzonitrile and 6.2g of propenyl cyclohexyl o-fluorobenzonitrile were weighed out respectively and dissolved in 95g of deionized water and 31.5g of dimethyl sulfoxide to obtain a first component, followed by heating to 85 ℃ and adding 8.0g of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1.0g of azobisisobutyronitrile, 30.0g of sodium chloride and 6.0g of sodium polyacrylate; weighing 13.5g of span80, 2.0g of potassium persulfate, 81.0g of potassium chloride and 4.5g of potassium polyacrylate, dissolving in 182.0g of deionized water to obtain a second component, slowly adding the second component into the first component, uniformly stirring, and adjusting the pH to be = 8.5; finally, a mixture of 2- (N-methacryloyloxy) ethyl pyrrolidone 41.7g, 2- (N-acryloyloxy) ethyl pyrrolidone 8.3g, dibenzoyl peroxide 2.1g and sodium formate 0.2g are added, stirred and reacted for 4 hours to obtain the water-in-water emulsion drag reducer for fracturing, and the drag reducer D15# is prepared.
The dissolution rates and drag reduction ratios of 0.1wt% of each of the drag reducers obtained in examples and comparative examples in fresh water and brine are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Sample (I) | Solvent velocity s (fresh water) | Solvent speed s (brine) | Drag reduction ratio% (fresh water) | Drag reduction ratio% (saline) |
| 1# | 57 | 58 | 85.2 | 84.7 |
| 2# | 60 | 54 | 77.4 | 76.4 |
| 3# | 62 | 66 | 82.6 | 82.2 |
| 4# | 61 | 69 | 75.9 | 73.5 |
| 5# | 69 | 70 | 80.1 | 79.3 |
| 6# | 64 | 66 | 83.9 | 82.6 |
| 7# | 68 | 66 | 78.2 | 75.4 |
| 8# | 64 | 62 | 77.4 | 77.6 |
| 9# | 70 | 68 | 81.1 | 83.2 |
| D1# | 64 | 67 | 70.2 | 58.5 |
| D2# | 62 | 65 | 71.9 | 57.2 |
| D3# | 68 | 71 | 69.2 | 56.8 |
| D4# | 54 | 55 | 68.7 | 52.7 |
| D5# | 68 | 63 | 71.4 | 56.8 |
| D6# | 66 | 69 | 70.1 | 59.1 |
| D7# | 58 | 62 | 68.2 | 49.3 |
| D8# | 69 | 68 | 64.2 | 50.9 |
| D9# | 66 | 66 | 66.3 | 53.4 |
| D10# | 62 | 67 | 65.9 | 52.7 |
| D11# | 75 | 80 | 60.8 | 47.1 |
| D12# | 51 | 53 | 45.4 | 30.7 |
| D13# | 49 | 44 | 49.7 | 38.9 |
| D14# | 54 | 57 | 45.3 | 37.4 |
| D15# | 47 | 46 | 39.1 | 31.9 |
According to the dissolution rates of the drag reducer obtained in each of the examples and the comparative examples of 0.1wt%, the dissolution rate of the drag reducer in fresh water is higher than that of brine as a whole, but the difference between the dissolution rates is not great, and the dissolution rates of the drag reducer in fresh water and brine are lower than 70s in each example, which shows that the drag reducer obtained in the present application can be dissolved in fresh water and brine in time, so as to achieve the effect of reducing drag.
According to the drag reducing agent obtained by 0.1wt% in each of the examples and the comparative examples, the drag reducing agent in fresh water is larger than that in brine as a whole, but the drag reducing agent 1# 9# is larger than 73.5% in brine, which shows that the drag reducing agent disclosed by the application has good drag reducing efficiency in brine and can be used in brine fracturing fluid, thereby relieving the fresh water resource of the earth.
The drag reduction rate of the 1# drag reducer is the highest, and can reach 85.2% in fresh water and 84.7% in saline water, which shows that the 1# drag reducer can also reduce the resistance of the fracturing fluid and the stratum and improve the production efficiency when the saline fracturing fluid is used for fracturing oil and gas fields.
The above description is only an example of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by these specific examples, but is defined by the claims of the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the technical idea and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. A synthetic method of a water-in-water emulsion drag reducer for fracturing is characterized by comprising the following steps:
pre-polymerizing a vinyl monomer and a first monomer in a weight ratio of (1-5) to 1 to obtain a first prepolymer, wherein the polymerization degree is 2-10;
pre-polymerizing an acryloyloxyethyl or acrylamide monomer and a second monomer in a weight ratio of (2-25) to 1 to obtain a second prepolymer, wherein the polymerization degree is 5-20;
adding a third monomer into the first prepolymer, polymerizing for no more than 3 hours, and then adding a second prepolymer, and polymerizing for at least 2 hours to obtain a water-in-water emulsion drag reducer for fracturing;
the first monomer is a mixture of allyl alcohol polyether and allyl polyoxyethylene methyl ether, and the weight ratio of the allyl alcohol polyether to the allyl polyoxyethylene methyl ether is (2-15): 1;
the second monomer is a diene fluorine-containing liquid crystal compound, and the second monomer is any one or more of vinyl cyclohexyl-2, 6-difluorobenzonitrile, propenyl cyclohexyl o-fluorobenzonitrile, vinyl cyclohexyl-2-fluorobenzonitrile, 3, 4-difluorophenylbicyclohexyl butene and 3, 4-difluorophenylbicyclohexyl ethylene;
the third monomer is any one or more of N-vinyl pyrrolidone, 2- (N-methacryloyloxy) ethyl pyrrolidone and 2- (N-acryloyloxy) ethyl pyrrolidone.
2. The method for synthesizing the water-in-water emulsion drag reducer for fracturing as recited in claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the first prepolymer, the second prepolymer and the third monomer is (10-70): (20-80): (1-20).
3. The method of synthesizing a water-in-water emulsion drag reducer for fracturing as recited in claim 1 wherein the weight ratio of said vinyl monomer to the mixture of allyl alcohol polyether and allyl polyoxyethylene methyl ether is from 4: 1.
4. the method for synthesizing a water-in-water emulsion drag reducer for fracturing as recited in claim 1 wherein said third monomer is a mixture of 2- (N-methacryloyloxy) ethyl pyrrolidone and 2- (N-acryloyloxy) ethyl pyrrolidone, said 2- (N-methacryloyloxy) ethyl pyrrolidone and 2- (N-acryloyloxy) ethyl pyrrolidone being present in a weight ratio of (4-9): 1.
5. the method for synthesizing the water-in-water emulsion drag reducer for fracturing as recited in claim 1, wherein the vinyl monomer, the first monomer, the emulsifier, the initiator, the inorganic salt and the dispersant are dissolved in deionized water, stirred uniformly, introduced with nitrogen, heated to 70-90 ℃ and reacted for 2-7 hours to obtain a first prepolymer;
the weight portion of the total monomer is 25-30%, the emulsifier is 2-5%, the initiator is 0.4-0.6%, the inorganic salt is 7-20%, the dispersant is 0.1-5.0%, and the rest is deionized water.
6. The method for synthesizing the water-in-water emulsion drag reducer for fracturing as recited in claim 5, wherein acryloyloxyethyl or acrylamide group, a second monomer, a mutual solvent, an initiator, an emulsifier, an inorganic salt, and a dispersant are dissolved in deionized water, the pH is adjusted to be 7.5-8.5, nitrogen is introduced, the temperature is raised to 40-60 ℃, and a second prepolymer is obtained after 1-4 hours of reaction;
according to the weight portion, the total monomer content is 30-35%, the mutual solvent content is 5-20%, the initiator content is 0.3-0.7%, the emulsifier content is 2-5%, the inorganic salt content is 7-20%, the dispersant content is 0.1-5.0%, and the balance is deionized water.
7. The method for synthesizing the water-in-water emulsion drag reducer for fracturing as recited in claim 6, wherein a third monomer and an initiator are added into the first prepolymer, the reaction is carried out for 1 to 3 hours at 50 to 80 ℃, then a second prepolymer and a chain transfer agent are added, and the reaction is continued for 2 to 4 hours to obtain the water-in-water emulsion drag reducer for fracturing;
according to the weight portion, the content of the initiator is 0.3-0.7%, and the content of the chain transfer agent is 0.01-0.05%.
8. The method of synthesizing a water-in-water emulsion drag reducer for fracturing as recited in claim 1 wherein said vinyl monomer is any one or more of propylene, butene, butadiene, pentene, pentadiene, hexene, hexadiene, heptene, heptadiene, styrene, vinyl acetate, vinyl alcohol, ethylene-vinyl acetate;
the acryloyloxyethyl or acrylamide-based monomer is any one or more of acrylamide, acryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, acryloyloxyethyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, methacryloyloxyethyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, acrylamido propyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sodium sulfonate and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane potassium sulfonate.
9. The method for synthesizing the water-in-water emulsion drag reducer for fracturing as recited in claim 7, wherein the emulsifier is any one or more of sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, Span80, Tween 80;
the initiator is any one or more of azo initiators, peroxysulfuric initiators or peroxy initiators;
the inorganic salt is any one or more of sodium chloride, ammonium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium sulfate, potassium nitrate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bisulfite and sodium sulfite;
the mutual solvent is any one or more of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide;
the dispersing agent is one or more of sodium polyacrylate, potassium polyacrylate, polyhydroxystyrene, polyvinyl acetate, poly-2-hydroxypropyl acrylate, poly-2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, polyethoxylated-2-hydroxyethyl acrylate and polyethoxylated-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate;
the chain transfer agent is sodium formate.
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